阅读说明：本技术 一种科研用小型稻麦综合测试台及其测定方法 (Small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test board for scientific research and determination method thereof ) 是由 冯伟东 张益民 赵健 张文银 贺奇 王昕� 吴瑞 胡春香 韩丽英 于 2021-08-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种科研用小型稻麦综合测试台及其测定方法,穗脱粒机构的出口与饱秕分离机构入口配装连接；饱秕分离机构的出口与输送机构的入口配装连接；输送机构的出口设有两个,分别与一个光电比色数粒装置的入口配装连接；中央控制系统分别与穗脱粒机构、饱秕分离机构、输送机构、光电比色数粒装置、容重粒重测定装置电连接。有益效果：考种时脱粒与饱秕分离、计数、称重一次性完成,在显示屏上可输出结实粒数、秕粒数、结实率、容重、粒重等数据结果,或直接输送到打印机进行打印,或生成Excel电子表格文件,并可将结果储存在硬盘内,提高考种数据采集的工作效率和精准度,提高了考种作业的工作效率。(The invention discloses a small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test board for scientific research and a measuring method thereof.A rice threshing mechanism outlet is connected with a husked rice separating mechanism inlet in a matching way; the outlet of the blighted grain separating mechanism is connected with the inlet of the conveying mechanism in a matching way; two outlets of the conveying mechanism are respectively connected with the inlet of a photoelectric colorimetric particle counting device in a matching way; the central control system is respectively and electrically connected with the ear threshing mechanism, the blighted grain separating mechanism, the conveying mechanism, the photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device and the volume-weight grain weight measuring device. Has the advantages that: threshing and full blighted grain separation, counting and weighing are completed at one time during seed test, data results such as the number of solid grains, the number of blighted grains, the solid rate, the volume weight and the grain weight can be output on a display screen, or the data results are directly conveyed to a printer to be printed, or an Excel spreadsheet file is generated, the results can be stored in a hard disk, the work efficiency and the accuracy of the seed test data acquisition are improved, and the work efficiency of the seed test operation is improved.)

1. The utility model provides a scientific research is with small-size rice and wheat combined test platform, includes ear of grain threshing mechanism (1), blighted grain separating mechanism (2), conveying mechanism (3), a photoelectric color comparison number grain device (4), volume weight grain survey device (5), central control system (6) and shell mechanism (7), its characterized in that: the outlet of the ear threshing mechanism (1) is connected with the inlet of the blighted grain separating mechanism (2) in a matching way; the outlet of the blighted grain separating mechanism (2) is connected with the inlet of the conveying mechanism (3) in a matching way; two outlets of the conveying mechanism (3) are respectively connected with an inlet of a photoelectric colorimetric particle counting device (4) in a matched manner; the ear threshing mechanism (1), the blighted grain separating mechanism (2), the conveying mechanism (3), the photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device (4) and the volume-weight grain weight measuring device (5) are respectively and fixedly connected with the shell mechanism (7); the central control system (6) is respectively and electrically connected with the ear threshing mechanism (1), the blighted grain separating mechanism (2), the conveying mechanism (3), the photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device (4) and the volume-weight grain weight measuring device (5).

2. The small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test bench for scientific research as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ear threshing mechanism (1) comprises a threshing bin (11), a threshing roller (12), a bottom sieve (13), an air separating mechanism (14), a wheat ear inlet (15), a branch outlet (16), a wheat hull outlet (17), a wheat grain outlet (18) and a power mechanism (19), wherein the threshing roller (12) is movably connected inside the threshing bin (11), and the bottom sieve (13) is assembled and connected below the threshing roller (12); the threshing roller (12) is a round roller provided with helical blades and a plurality of vertical rods on the peripheral surface; an air separation mechanism (14) is arranged below the bottom screen (13), and an air outlet of the air separation mechanism (14) points to a position between the threshing roller (12) and the bottom screen (13); a wheat ear inlet (15) and a branch outlet (16) are respectively arranged at the positions above the threshing bin (11) close to the two ends of the threshing roller (12), a wheat husk outlet (17) is arranged at the position of an air outlet of an air-supply separation mechanism (14) of the threshing bin (11) pointing to the threshing bin (11), an inclined surface is arranged at the position right below a bottom screen (13) in the threshing bin (11), and a wheat grain outlet (18) is arranged at the lower end of the inclined surface; the power mechanism (19) is respectively assembled and connected with the threshing roller (12) and the air separation mechanism (14) to provide power for the threshing roller and the air separation mechanism.

3. The small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test bench for scientific research as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the blighted grain separating mechanism (2) comprises a separating bin (21), a feeding port (22), a seed homogenizing disc (23), a feeding baffle (24), a winnowing fan (25), a separating baffle (26), a blighted grain outlet (27) and a blighted grain outlet (28); the separation bin (21) is a cuboid hollow cavity, a feeding port (22) is arranged above the separation bin, and the feeding port (22) is connected with the wheat grain outlet (18) in a matching way; a seed homogenizing disc (23) and a feeding baffle (24) are fixedly connected to the inner part of the separation bin (21) at the position below the feeding port (22); the seed homogenizing disc (23) and the feeding baffle plate (24) are respectively and fixedly connected with the separation bin (21) in an inclined manner, the seed homogenizing disc (23) and the plane where the feeding port (22) is located form an acute included angle, the feeding baffle plate (24) and the plane where the feeding port (22) is located form an obtuse included angle, and the lowest point of the feeding baffle plate (24) is located at a position close to the seed homogenizing disc (23); the winnowing fan (25) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the separation bin (21), and an air outlet pipeline of the winnowing fan points to a position right below the lowest point of the seed homogenizing disc (23); a separation baffle plate (26) is arranged at the rear position of the tail end of an air outlet pipeline of the air separation fan (25), the separation baffle plate (26) is fixedly connected with the separation bin (21), the saturated grain outlet (27) and the blighted grain outlet (28) are both arranged on the lower surface of the separation bin (21) and are communicated with the inner cavity of the separation bin (21), the saturated grain outlet (27) and the blighted grain outlet (28) are respectively positioned at two sides of the separation baffle plate (26), and the saturated grain outlet (27) is positioned between the seed homogenizing disc (23) and the separation baffle plate (26).

4. The small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test bench for scientific research as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the conveying mechanism (3) comprises a saturated grain conveying belt (31) and a blighted grain conveying belt (32); the feeding end of the saturated grain conveyor belt (31) is positioned at the position right below the saturated grain outlet (27), and the feeding end of the blighted grain conveyor belt (32) is positioned at the position right below the blighted grain outlet (28); the discharging ends of the saturated grain conveying belt (31) and the blighted grain conveying belt (32) are respectively connected with a photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device (4) in a matching way.

5. The small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test bench for scientific research as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the shell mechanism (7) comprises a packaging shell (71), an access door (72), a ventilation grille (73) and a storage bin (74) of a volume-weight particle-weight measuring device; the ear threshing mechanism (1), the full blighted grain separating mechanism (2) and the conveying mechanism (3) are fixedly connected in an inner cavity of the packaging shell (71), and the ear inlet (15), the branch outlet (16), the husk outlet (17), the winnowing fan (25) and the conveying mechanism (3) respectively extend to the outside from the inner cavity of the packaging shell (71); the packaging shell (71) is provided with an access door (72), a ventilation grid (73) and a storage bin (74) of a volume weight and particle weight measuring device; the volume weight and particle weight measuring device (5) is placed in a storage bin (74) of the volume weight and particle weight measuring device.

6. The small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test bench for scientific research as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the central control system (6) is a microcomputer; the central control system (6) is respectively in one-way communication connection with the ear threshing mechanism (1), the blighted grain separating mechanism (2) and the conveying mechanism (3) and is used for controlling the start and stop of the ear threshing mechanism; the central control system (6) is in bidirectional communication connection with the photoelectric colorimetric particle counting device (4) and the volume-weight particle weight measuring device (5) respectively and is used for controlling the start and stop of the central control system and receiving data; the photoelectric colorimetric particle counting device (4) is a photographing particle counting instrument or a photoelectric automatic particle counting instrument.

7. The small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test bench for scientific research as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the power mechanism (19) comprises a motor, a double-groove rotating wheel and a fan rotating wheel, one end of the threshing roller (12) far away from the ear inlet (15) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the double-groove rotating wheel, the double-groove rotating wheel is respectively connected with the output end of the motor and the fan rotating wheel in a matched mode through a belt, and the fan rotating wheel is connected with the air separating mechanism (14) in a matched mode.

8. The small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test bench for scientific research as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the seed homogenizing disc (23) is disc-shaped, and a plurality of inverted V-shaped through grooves are formed in the upper surface of the seed homogenizing disc; the separating baffle (26) is composed of an upper baffle and a lower baffle, the adjacent positions of the upper baffle and the lower baffle are respectively bent into an inclined plane, the two inclined planes form an upward inclined channel, and the channel is positioned on the path of the air outlet pipeline of the air separation fan (25) in the direction of the direction.

9. A comprehensive test method of small rice and wheat for scientific research is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: removing impurities and threshing;

s2: separating blighted grains, if the blighted grains are full, executing the step 3, otherwise, executing the step 4;

s3: conveying the full granules, and executing the step 5 after conveying;

s4: conveying blighted grains, and executing the step 6 after conveying;

s5: scanning several grains in a full grain mode, and executing the step 7 after counting the grains;

s6: scanning blighted grains for counting grains, and executing the step 8 after counting grains;

s7: measuring volume weight and particle weight:

s8: processing the data of the steps 5, 6 and 7;

s9: and (6) storing and outputting data.

10. The comprehensive test method of small rice and wheat for scientific research as claimed in claim 9, wherein the test method comprises the following steps: in the step 1, the impurity removal threshing process is executed by an ear threshing mechanism, the step 2 is executed by a blighted grain separating mechanism, the steps 3 and 4 are executed by a conveying mechanism, the steps 5 and 6 are respectively executed by two photoelectric colorimetric grain counting devices, and the step 7 is executed by a volume weight grain weight measuring device; the data processing in step 8 is executed by a microcomputer having a processing program loaded thereon, and the data obtained in steps 5, 6, and 7 are recorded and calculated, and then step 9 is executed to store and output the calculation result.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test board for scientific research and a determination method thereof.

Background

The determination of indexes such as the grain number, the thousand-grain weight, the setting percentage and the like of crops in agricultural scientific research (the process is called as 'test seed' in the industry and is called as 'test seed' in the following) is an important link, and the method is mainly used for breeding excellent varieties according to the character types, variety information and the like of the crops and improving the yield of the crops; or obtaining data of different test treatments and screening out the best treatment. After the rice and wheat test sampling and harvesting, firstly measuring the plant height, the ear length and the ear number, then threshing and winnowing the rice and wheat ears to separate the saturated grains from the blighted grains, manually counting the grains, weighing by a balance, measuring and calculating the indexes such as the grain weight, the maturing rate and the like, and providing data for writing test reports or papers. At present, a special comprehensive test bed for seed test is not available, manual operation is performed under most conditions, the speed is low, the efficiency is not high, and the working quality is also influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test board for scientific research and a measuring method thereof, wherein the small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test board can complete threshing, blighted grain separation, counting and weighing at one time during seed test, can output data results such as solid grain number, blighted grain number, solid rate, volume weight, grain weight and the like on a display screen, can store the results in a computer hard disk, greatly improve the working efficiency and accuracy of seed test data acquisition and greatly improve the working efficiency of seed test operation.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention discloses a small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test board for scientific research, which comprises a spike threshing mechanism, a blighted grain separating mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device, a volume-weight grain weight measuring device, a central control system and a shell mechanism, wherein: the outlet of the ear threshing mechanism is connected with the inlet of the blighted grain separating mechanism in a matching way; the outlet of the blighted grain separating mechanism is connected with the inlet of the conveying mechanism in a matching way; two outlets of the conveying mechanism are respectively connected with the inlet of a photoelectric colorimetric particle counting device in a matching way; the ear threshing mechanism, the blighted grain separating mechanism, the conveying mechanism, the photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device and the volume-weight grain weight measuring device are respectively fixedly connected with the shell mechanism; the central control system is respectively and electrically connected with the ear threshing mechanism, the blighted grain separating mechanism, the conveying mechanism, the photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device and the volume-weight grain weight measuring device.

Foretell small-size rice and wheat combined test platform for scientific research, wherein: the ear threshing mechanism comprises a threshing bin, a threshing roller, a bottom sieve, an air separation mechanism, a wheat ear inlet, a branch outlet, a wheat shell outlet, a wheat grain outlet and a power mechanism, wherein the threshing roller is movably connected inside the threshing bin, and the bottom sieve is assembled and connected below the threshing roller; the threshing roller is a round roller with a spiral blade and a plurality of vertical rods arranged on the peripheral surface; an air separation mechanism is arranged below the bottom screen, and an air outlet of the air separation mechanism points to the position between the threshing roller and the bottom screen; the positions above the threshing bin, which are close to the two ends of the threshing roller, are respectively provided with a wheat ear inlet and a branch outlet, the position of an air outlet of an air separation mechanism on the threshing bin, which points to the threshing bin, is provided with a wheat hull outlet, the position right below a bottom screen in the threshing bin is provided with an inclined plane, and the lower end of the inclined plane is provided with a wheat grain outlet; the power mechanism is respectively assembled and connected with the threshing roller and the air separation mechanism to provide power for the threshing roller and the air separation mechanism.

Foretell small-size rice and wheat combined test platform for scientific research, wherein: the blighted grain separating mechanism comprises a separating bin, a feeding port, a seed homogenizing disc, a feeding baffle, a winnowing fan, a separating baffle, a blighted grain outlet and a blighted grain outlet; the separation bin is a cuboid cavity body, a feeding port is arranged above the separation bin, and the feeding port is connected with the wheat grain outlet in a matching way; a seed homogenizing disc and a feeding baffle are fixedly connected to the inner part of the separation bin at the position below the feeding port; the seed homogenizing disc and the feeding baffle are respectively and fixedly connected with the separation bin in an inclined manner, the seed homogenizing disc and a plane where the feeding port is located form an acute included angle, the feeding baffle and the plane where the feeding port is located form an obtuse included angle, and the lowest point of the feeding baffle is located at a position close to the seed homogenizing disc; the air separation fan is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the separation bin, and an air outlet pipeline of the air separation fan points to a position right below the lowest point of the seed homogenizing disc; the separating baffle is arranged at the rear position of the tail end of an air outlet pipeline of the air separation fan and fixedly connected with the separating bin, the full grain outlet and the blighted grain outlet are both arranged on the lower surface of the separating bin and communicated with the inner cavity of the separating bin, the full grain outlet and the blighted grain outlet are respectively positioned at two sides of the separating baffle, and the full grain outlet is positioned between the seed homogenizing disc and the separating baffle.

Foretell small-size rice and wheat combined test platform for scientific research, wherein: the conveying mechanism comprises a full grain conveying belt and a blighted grain conveying belt; the feeding end of the saturated grain conveyor belt is positioned at the position right below the saturated grain outlet, and the feeding end of the blighted grain conveyor belt is positioned at the position right below the blighted grain outlet; the discharging ends of the full grain conveying belt and the blighted grain conveying belt are respectively assembled and connected with a photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device.

Foretell small-size rice and wheat combined test platform for scientific research, wherein: the shell mechanism comprises a packaging shell, an access door, a ventilation grid and a storage bin of a volume weight and particle weight measuring device; the ear threshing mechanism, the full chaff separating mechanism and the conveying mechanism are all fixedly connected in the inner cavity of the packaging shell, and the ear inlet, the branch outlet, the husk outlet, the winnowing fan and the conveying mechanism respectively extend to the outside from the inner cavity of the packaging shell; the packaging shell is provided with an access door, a ventilation grid and a storage bin of a volume weight and particle weight measuring device; the unit weight grain weight measuring device is placed in a storage bin of the unit weight grain weight measuring device.

Foretell small-size rice and wheat combined test platform for scientific research, wherein: the central control system is a microcomputer; the central control system is respectively in one-way communication connection with the ear threshing mechanism, the blighted grain separating mechanism and the conveying mechanism and is used for controlling the start and stop of the ear threshing mechanism, the blighted grain separating mechanism and the conveying mechanism; the central control system is in bidirectional communication connection with the photoelectric colorimetric particle counting device and the volume-weight particle weight measuring device respectively and is used for controlling the start and stop of the central control system and receiving data; the photoelectric colorimetric particle counter is a photographing particle counter or a photoelectric automatic particle counter.

Foretell small-size rice and wheat combined test platform for scientific research, wherein: the power mechanism comprises a motor, a double-groove rotating wheel and a fan rotating wheel, one end of the threshing roller, which is far away from the wheat ear inlet, is coaxially and fixedly connected with the double-groove rotating wheel, the double-groove rotating wheel is respectively connected with the output end of the motor and the fan rotating wheel in a belt assembling mode, and the fan rotating wheel is connected with the wind separating mechanism in an assembling mode.

Foretell small-size rice and wheat combined test platform for scientific research, wherein: the seed homogenizing disc is disc-shaped, and a plurality of inverted V-shaped through grooves are formed in the upper surface of the seed homogenizing disc; the separating baffle consists of an upper baffle and a lower baffle, the adjacent positions of the upper baffle and the lower baffle are respectively bent into an inclined plane, the two inclined planes form an upward inclined channel, and the channel is positioned on a path in the direction of the air outlet pipeline of the air separation fan.

A comprehensive test method for small rice and wheat for scientific research comprises the following steps:

s1: removing impurities and threshing;

s2: separating blighted grains, if the blighted grains are full, executing the step 3, otherwise, executing the step 4;

s3: conveying the full granules, and executing the step 5 after conveying;

s4: conveying blighted grains, and executing the step 6 after conveying;

s5: scanning several grains in a full grain mode, and executing the step 7 after counting the grains;

s6: scanning blighted grains for counting grains, and executing the step 8 after counting grains;

s7: measuring volume weight and particle weight:

s8: processing the data of the steps 5, 6 and 7;

s9: and (6) storing and outputting data.

The comprehensive test method for the small rice and wheat for scientific research is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step 1, the impurity removal threshing process is executed by an ear threshing mechanism, the step 2 is executed by a blighted grain separating mechanism, the steps 3 and 4 are executed by a conveying mechanism, the steps 5 and 6 are respectively executed by two photoelectric colorimetric grain counting devices, and the step 7 is executed by a volume weight grain weight measuring device; the data processing in step 8 is executed by a microcomputer having a processing program loaded thereon, and the data obtained in steps 5, 6, and 7 are recorded and calculated, and then step 9 is executed to store and output the calculation result.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: threshing and full blighted grain separation, counting and weighing are completed at one time when the seeds are tested, data results such as the number of solid grains, the number of blighted grains, the solid rate, the volume weight and the grain weight can be output on a display screen, the results can be stored in a hard disk, the work efficiency and the precision of the seed test data acquisition are greatly improved, and the work efficiency of the seed test operation is greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1: front view of the invention;

FIG. 2: a first perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 3: a second perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 4: a third perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 5: the invention has a schematic internal three-dimensional structure;

FIG. 6: the invention discloses a schematic three-dimensional structure of a ear threshing mechanism;

FIG. 7: another three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the ear threshing mechanism of the invention;

FIG. 8: the invention discloses a schematic internal three-dimensional structure of a ear threshing mechanism;

FIG. 9: the invention discloses a three-dimensional structure section schematic diagram of a ear threshing mechanism;

FIG. 10: the invention discloses a schematic three-dimensional structure of a blighted grain separating mechanism;

FIG. 11: the invention discloses a cross section schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a blighted grain separating mechanism;

FIG. 12: the invention relates to a cross-sectional view of a blighted grain separating mechanism;

FIG. 13: the invention discloses a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of a photoelectric colorimetric particle counting device;

FIG. 14: a flow diagram of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-ear threshing mechanism, 2-blighted grain separating mechanism, 3-conveying mechanism, 4-photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device, 5-volume-weight grain weight measuring device, 6-central control system, 7-shell mechanism, 11-threshing bin, 12-threshing roller, 13-bottom sieve, 14-wind separating mechanism, 15-ear inlet, 16-branch outlet, 17-shell outlet, 18-grain outlet, 19-power mechanism, 21-separating bin, 22-feeding inlet, 23-seed homogenizing disc, 24-feeding baffle, 25-winnowing fan, 26-separating baffle, 27-blighted grain outlet, 28-blighted grain outlet, 31-blighted grain conveying belt, 32-blighted grain conveying belt, 71-packaging shell, 72-inspection door, vacuum bag, 73-ventilation grille, 74-volume weight particle weight determination device storage bin.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description:

example (b): as shown in fig. 1-14, a small-sized rice and wheat comprehensive test bench for scientific research comprises an ear threshing mechanism 1, a full husk separating mechanism 2, a conveying mechanism 3, a photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device 4, a volume-weight grain weight measuring device 5, a central control system 6 and a shell mechanism 7, wherein: the outlet of the ear threshing mechanism 1 is connected with the inlet of the blighted grain separating mechanism 2 in a matching way; the outlet of the blighted grain separating mechanism 2 is connected with the inlet of the conveying mechanism 3 in a matching way; two outlets of the conveying mechanism 3 are respectively connected with the inlet of a photoelectric colorimetric particle counting device 4 in a matching way; the ear threshing mechanism 1, the blighted grain separating mechanism 2, the conveying mechanism 3, the photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device 4 and the volume-weight grain weight measuring device 5 are respectively fixedly connected with the shell mechanism 7; the central control system 6 is respectively and electrically connected with the ear threshing mechanism 1, the blighted grain separating mechanism 2, the conveying mechanism 3, the photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device 4 and the volume-weight grain weight measuring device 5; wherein: the ear threshing mechanism 1 comprises a threshing bin 11, a threshing roller 12, a bottom screen 13, an air separation mechanism 14, a wheat ear inlet 15, a branch and stalk outlet 16, a wheat husk outlet 17, a wheat grain outlet 18 and a power mechanism 19, wherein the threshing roller 12 is movably connected inside the threshing bin 11, and the bottom screen 13 is assembled and connected below the threshing roller 12; the threshing roller 12 is a round roller provided with a helical blade and a plurality of vertical rods on the peripheral surface; an air separation mechanism 14 is arranged below the bottom screen 13, and an air outlet of the air separation mechanism 14 points to the position between the threshing roller 12 and the bottom screen 13; a wheat ear inlet 15 and a branch outlet 16 are respectively arranged at the positions above the threshing bin 11 and close to the two ends of the threshing roller 12, a wheat husk outlet 17 is arranged at the position of an air outlet of an air separation mechanism 14 on the threshing bin 11 and pointing to the threshing bin 11, a position right below a bottom screen 13 in the threshing bin 11 is provided with an inclined plane, and a wheat grain outlet 18 is arranged at one end with a lower position of the inclined plane; the power mechanism 19 is respectively assembled and connected with the threshing roller 12 and the wind separating mechanism 14 to provide power for the threshing roller and the wind separating mechanism.

Wherein: the blighted grain separating mechanism 2 comprises a separating bin 21, a feeding port 22, a seed homogenizing disc 23, a feeding baffle 24, a winnowing fan 25, a separating baffle 26, a blighted grain outlet 27 and a blighted grain outlet 28; the separation bin 21 is a cuboid hollow cavity, a feeding opening 22 is arranged above the separation bin, and the feeding opening 22 is matched and connected with the wheat grain outlet 18; a seed homogenizing disc 23 and a feeding baffle 24 are fixedly connected to the inner part of the separation bin 21 at the position below the feeding port 22; the seed homogenizing disc 23 and the feeding baffle plate 24 are respectively and fixedly connected with the separating bin 21 in an inclined manner, the seed homogenizing disc 23 and the plane where the feeding opening 22 is located form an acute included angle, the feeding baffle plate 24 and the plane where the feeding opening 22 is located form an obtuse included angle, and the lowest point of the feeding baffle plate 24 is located at a position close to the seed homogenizing disc 23; the winnowing fan 25 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the separation bin 21, and an air outlet pipeline of the winnowing fan points to a position right below the lowest point of the seed homogenizing disc 23; a separation baffle 26 is arranged at the rear position of the tail end of an air outlet pipeline of the air separation fan 25, the separation baffle 26 is fixedly connected with the separation bin 21, a saturated grain outlet 27 and a blighted grain outlet 28 are both arranged on the lower surface of the separation bin 21 and are communicated with the inner cavity of the separation bin 21, the saturated grain outlet 27 and the blighted grain outlet 28 are respectively positioned at two sides of the separation baffle 26, and the saturated grain outlet 27 is positioned between the seed homogenizing disc 23 and the separation baffle 26.

Wherein: the conveying mechanism 3 comprises a full grain conveying belt 31 and a blighted grain conveying belt 32; the feeding end of the saturated particle conveyor belt 31 is positioned at the position right below the saturated particle outlet 27, and the feeding end of the blighted particle conveyor belt 32 is positioned at the position right below the blighted particle outlet 28; the discharging ends of the saturated grain conveyor belt 31 and the blighted grain conveyor belt 32 are respectively assembled and connected with a photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device 4.

Wherein: the shell mechanism 7 comprises a packaging shell 71, an access door 72, a ventilation grille 73 and a storage bin 74 of a volume weight and particle weight measuring device; the ear threshing mechanism 1, the full blighted grain separating mechanism 2 and the conveying mechanism 3 are all fixedly connected in an inner cavity of the packaging shell 71, and the ear inlet 15, the branch outlet 16, the husk outlet 17, the air separation fan 25 and the conveying mechanism 3 respectively extend to the outside from the inner cavity of the packaging shell 71; the packaging shell 71 is provided with an access door 72, a ventilation grid 73 and a storage bin 74 of a volume weight and particle weight measuring device; the bulk density/particle weight measuring apparatus 5 is placed in the bulk density/particle weight measuring apparatus storage 74.

Wherein: the central control system 6 is a microcomputer; the central control system 6 is respectively connected with the ear threshing mechanism 1, the blighted grain separating mechanism 2 and the conveying mechanism 3 in a one-way communication way and is used for controlling the start and stop of the threshing mechanism; the central control system 6 is respectively in bidirectional communication connection with the photoelectric colorimetric particle counting device 4 and the volume-weight particle weight measuring device 5 and is used for controlling the start and stop of the device and receiving data; the photoelectric colorimetric particle counter 4 is a photographing particle counter or a photoelectric automatic particle counter.

Wherein: the power mechanism 19 comprises a motor, a double-groove rotating wheel and a fan rotating wheel, one end of the threshing roller 12, far away from the ear inlet 15, is coaxially and fixedly connected with the double-groove rotating wheel, the double-groove rotating wheel is respectively connected with the output end of the motor and the fan rotating wheel in a matched mode through a belt, and the fan rotating wheel is connected with the air separation mechanism 14 in a matched mode.

Wherein: the seed homogenizing disc 23 is disc-shaped, and a plurality of inverted V-shaped through grooves are formed in the upper surface of the seed homogenizing disc; the separating baffle 26 is composed of an upper baffle and a lower baffle, the adjacent positions of the upper baffle and the lower baffle are respectively bent into an inclined plane, the two inclined planes form an upward inclined channel, and the channel is positioned on the path of the air outlet pipeline of the air separation fan 25 in the direction of the direction.

A comprehensive test method for small rice and wheat for scientific research comprises the following steps:

s1: removing impurities and threshing;

s2: separating blighted grains, if the blighted grains are full, executing the step 3, otherwise, executing the step 4;

s3: conveying the full granules, and executing the step 5 after conveying;

s4: conveying blighted grains, and executing the step 6 after conveying;

s5: scanning several grains in a full grain mode, and executing the step 7 after counting the grains;

s6: scanning blighted grains for counting grains, and executing the step 8 after counting grains;

s7: measuring volume weight and particle weight:

s8: processing the data of the steps 5, 6 and 7;

s9: and (6) storing and outputting data.

In the step 1, the impurity removal and threshing process is executed by an ear threshing mechanism, the step 2 is executed by the blighted grain separating mechanism, the steps 3 and 4 are executed by the conveying mechanism, the steps 5 and 6 are respectively executed by the two photoelectric colorimetric grain counting devices, and the step 7 is executed by the volume-weight grain weight measuring device; the data processing in step 8 is executed by a microcomputer having a processing program loaded thereon, and the data obtained in steps 5, 6, and 7 are recorded and calculated, and then step 9 is executed to store and output the calculation result.

When the seeds are examined, the seeds with the measured plant height, the measured seed length and the measured seed number are firstly pinched off, put into a seed threshing mechanism 1 for threshing, then enter a blighted grain separating mechanism 2 for separating saturated grains from blighted grains and clearing the stems, then the saturated grains and the blighted grains respectively enter a photoelectric colorimetric grain counting device 4 for scanning and counting the grains through a conveying mechanism 3, after the counting is finished, the saturated grains enter a volume-weight grain weight measuring device 5 for measuring, finally, data are transmitted to a central control system 6 for processing and storing in a hard disk file, and the data can be output on a display screen or directly conveyed to a printer for printing or an Excel spreadsheet file is generated.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.