阅读说明：本技术 用于生态修复的复合基质及其制备方法 (Composite matrix for ecological restoration and preparation method thereof ) 是由 李志学 于 2020-05-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于生态修复的复合基质,所述复合基质包括土壤和基质添加物,其中,所述基质添加物包括农业废弃物、蛭石、生物有机肥和保水剂。本发明制备的复合基质主要应用在北方干旱地区的露天矿山治理,高速公路的边坡的生态治理,荒山造林等水土保持工程领域。本发明的复合基质保持土壤肥力的种植基质,改善了团粒结构,增加了土壤疏松性、通气性和透水性,对降低基质容重和增强水肥保持性能有着积极的影响,有效地提高了水分和养分利用效率,可以有效减少面源污染。(The invention discloses a composite substrate for ecological restoration, which comprises soil and substrate additives, wherein the substrate additives comprise agricultural wastes, vermiculite, bio-organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent. The composite matrix prepared by the invention is mainly applied to the fields of water and soil conservation engineering such as open-pit mine treatment in northern arid areas, ecological treatment of side slopes of expressways, barren mountain forestation and the like. The planting matrix for maintaining soil fertility of the composite matrix improves the granular structure, increases the soil looseness, the air permeability and the water permeability, has positive influence on reducing the matrix volume weight and enhancing the water and fertilizer maintaining performance, effectively improves the utilization efficiency of water and nutrients, and can effectively reduce non-point source pollution.)

1. A composite substrate for ecological restoration, comprising soil and substrate additives, wherein the substrate additives comprise agricultural wastes, vermiculite, bio-organic fertilizer and water retention agent.

2. The composite substrate for ecological restoration according to claim 1,

the composite matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of soil, 1-2 parts of agricultural wastes, 2-5 parts of vermiculite, 1-3 parts of bio-organic fertilizer and 0.5-1.5 parts of water-retaining agent.

3. The composite substrate for ecological restoration according to claim 1,

the agricultural waste comprises 60% of rice hull carbon and 40% of sawmilling residue in percentage by mass.

4. The composite substrate for ecological restoration according to claim 3,

the grain diameter of the rice husk carbon is less than 1cm, and the rice husk carbon is prepared by pyrolyzing the rice husk at the temperature of 100-300 ℃;

the particle size of the sawmilling slag is less than 1 mm.

5. The composite substrate for ecological restoration according to claim 1,

the vermiculite is mica-like substance formed by heating silicate material at high temperature, and the particle size of the mica-like substance is 1-3 mm.

6. The composite substrate for ecological restoration according to claim 1,

the biological organic fertilizer is prepared by adding a decomposing agent and water into livestock manure for decomposition.

7. The composite substrate for ecological restoration according to claim 1,

the water-retaining agent is polyacrylate.

8. The preparation method of the composite substrate for ecological restoration according to claim 1, wherein the soil, the agricultural waste, the vermiculite, the bio-organic fertilizer and the water-retaining agent are uniformly mixed at normal temperature.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment restoration, in particular to a composite matrix for ecological restoration and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In arid areas in northern China, in the ecological restoration process of planting trees and shrubs in barren mountains suitable for forestation through artificial measures, the later-period maintenance work is difficult due to the problem of water shortage, and the survival rate of the trees is low. However, the water and soil loss in the barren mountains is common in various regions of China, especially in remote regions in the northwest, and the water and soil loss is not effectively controlled, so that the barren mountains have thinned soil layers, even have the phenomena of desertification and stony desertification, and have serious threat to the life and property safety of the masses.

In recent years, the water retention agent is used as a novel compound additive capable of effectively enhancing the water retention capacity and water retention capacity of soil, and has made an important progress in the field of agricultural water retention and drought resistance. The existing water-retaining agents are various in types, but most of the existing water-retaining agents are prepared from high polymer materials, so that the problems of high cost and difficult degradation exist, soil hardening is easily caused for a long time, and the sustainable development of ecological environment is not facilitated. Therefore, the novel environment-friendly water-retaining ecological restoration matrix with low cost is provided, and has high market value.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention provides a composite matrix for ecological restoration and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a composite substrate for ecological remediation, the composite substrate comprising soil and substrate additives, wherein the substrate additives comprise agricultural waste, vermiculite, bio-organic fertilizer and water retention agent.

In one embodiment of the invention, the composite matrix comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of soil, 1-2 parts of agricultural wastes, 2-5 parts of vermiculite, 1-3 parts of bio-organic fertilizer and 0.5-1.5 parts of water-retaining agent.

In one embodiment of the invention, the agricultural waste comprises 60% of rice hull charcoal and 40% of sawmilling residue by mass.

In one embodiment of the invention, the grain diameter of the rice husk carbon is less than 1cm, and the rice husk carbon is prepared by pyrolyzing the rice husk at the temperature of 100-300 ℃;

the particle size of the sawmilling slag is less than 1 mm.

In one embodiment of the invention, the vermiculite is mica-like substance formed by heating silicate material at high temperature, and the particle size of the mica-like substance is 1-3 mm.

In one embodiment of the invention, the biological organic fertilizer is prepared by adding a decomposing agent and water into livestock manure for decomposing.

In one embodiment of the invention, the water retaining agent is a polyacrylate.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite matrix for ecological restoration, which is characterized in that the composite matrix is prepared by uniformly mixing the soil, agricultural wastes, vermiculite, bio-organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent at normal temperature.

In the invention, the vermiculite is a mica-like substance formed by heating a silicate material at a high temperature of more than 150 ℃, preferably, the heating temperature is 850-1000 ℃.

The invention has the following advantages:

the composite matrix prepared by the invention is mainly applied to the fields of water and soil conservation engineering such as open-pit mine treatment in northern arid areas, ecological treatment of side slopes of expressways, barren mountain forestation and the like. The planting matrix for maintaining soil fertility of the composite matrix improves the granular structure, increases the soil looseness, the air permeability and the water permeability, has positive influence on reducing the matrix volume weight and enhancing the water and fertilizer maintaining performance, effectively improves the utilization efficiency of water and nutrients, can effectively reduce non-point source pollution, optimizes the matrix structure, can play a role in water retention in water-deficient seasons of 3-6 months, plays a role in heat preservation and heat preservation in winter, and can also preserve fertilizer.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.