阅读说明：本技术 一种汽轮机热喷涂路径规划方法 (Thermal spraying path planning method for steam turbine ) 是由 邓超 张宏涛 张小伍 刘新新 吕振家 宫伟兴 高艳男 徐佰明 赵义瀚 彭建强 于 2021-07-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种汽轮机热喷涂路径规划方法,属于光学领域,本发明为解决现有汽轮机热喷涂路径编程复杂、操作难度大的问题。本发明方法用于对汽轮机内缸或隔套板进行热喷涂路径规划,将汽轮机内缸或隔套板立装设置,其内装的叶片形成m级且从下至上依次为第1级、第2级……第m级；该方法包括：对每级的叶顶半圆弧面进行热喷涂,每级热喷涂路径规划相同,对第1级人工设置三个基准示教点P1、P2、P3,并设置喷枪进出余量,按基准示教点规划出的路径完成第1级热喷涂；根据级间相对位置关系将基准示教点依次向第2级、第3级……第m级进行映射,依次获取第2级、第3级……第m级的映射示教点,每级按其映射示教点规划出的路径完成热喷涂。(The invention discloses a planning method for a thermal spraying path of a steam turbine, belongs to the field of optics, and aims to solve the problems of complex programming and high operation difficulty of the existing thermal spraying path of the steam turbine. The method is used for carrying out thermal spraying path planning on the inner cylinder or the spacer bush plate of the steam turbine, the inner cylinder or the spacer bush plate of the steam turbine is vertically arranged, blades arranged in the inner cylinder or the spacer bush plate form m stages and are a1 st stage and a2 nd stage … … m stages from bottom to top in sequence; the method comprises the following steps: thermal spraying is carried out on the blade top semi-circular arc surface of each stage, the path planning of each stage of thermal spraying is the same, three reference teaching points P1, P2 and P3 are manually set for the 1 st stage, the in-out allowance of a spray gun is set, and the 1 st stage of thermal spraying is completed according to the path planned by the reference teaching points; and (3) mapping the reference teaching points to the mth levels of the 2 nd level and the 3 rd level … … in turn according to the relative position relation between the levels, sequentially obtaining the mapping teaching points of the 2 nd level and the 3 rd level … … mth level, and finishing thermal spraying according to the path planned by the mapping teaching points of each level.)

1. A hot spraying path planning method for a steam turbine is used for carrying out hot spraying path planning on an inner cylinder or a spacer bush plate of the steam turbine and is characterized in that the inner cylinder or the spacer bush plate of the steam turbine is vertically arranged, blades arranged in the inner cylinder or the spacer bush plate form m stages and sequentially form a1 st stage and a2 nd stage … … m stages from bottom to top;

the method comprises the following steps: the blade top semi-circular arc surface of each stage is thermally sprayed, the path planning of each stage of thermal spraying is the same,

manually setting three reference teaching points P1, P2 and P3 for the 1 st level, setting the in-out allowance of a spray gun, and finishing the 1 st level thermal spraying according to the path planned by the reference teaching points; and (3) mapping the reference teaching points to the mth levels of the 2 nd level and the 3 rd level … … in turn according to the relative position relation between the levels, sequentially obtaining the mapping teaching points of the 2 nd level and the 3 rd level … … mth level, and finishing thermal spraying according to the path planned by the mapping teaching points of each level.

2. The turbine thermal spray path planning method according to claim 1, wherein each stage of thermal spray path planning adopts a single-line reciprocating cycle method, and two adjacent single lines are vertically offset, so that each stage of thermal spray path is S-shaped.

3. The turbine thermal spraying path planning method according to claim 2, wherein the offset between every two adjacent single lines in the vertical direction is 2-4 mm.

4. The turbine thermal spray path planning method according to claim 1, wherein three reference teaching points P1, P2 and P3 are manually set at the 1 st stage to select the starting point, the middle point and the ending point of the semi-circular arc line at the lowermost end of the stage.

5. The turbine thermal spraying path planning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the position of the spray gun is radially offset from the blade tip to the center of the circle by 30-50 mm, and the in-out allowance of the spray gun is 10-40 mm and 40-70 mm respectively.

6. The turbine thermal spray path planning method according to claim 1, wherein the determination method of the mapping teach points of the m-th stage of the 2 nd stage and the 3 rd stage … …, and the specific mapping teach point of the j-th stage comprises the following steps:

teaching point mapping 1: is offset in the height direction based on P1a_j-(j-1)Representing the stage spacing between the jth stage and the j-1 th stage, is offset by deltar in the radial direction,in the formula d_jDenotes the tip diameter of the j-th stage, d₁Denotes the tip diameter of stage 1;

teaching point mapping No. 2: is offset in the height direction based on P2A radial offset Δ r;

3 rd mapping teaching points: is offset in the height direction based on P3Offset by ar in the radial direction.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a path planning method for thermal spraying of the blade top of a blade installed on an inner cylinder/spacer bush plate of a steam turbine, belonging to the field of steam turbines.

Background

With the rapid development of the thermal spraying industry, the thermal spraying is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace, mechanical industry and the like as one of surface strengthening technologies. Parts such as the inner cylinder/partition plate sleeve of the steam turbine are often subjected to the technology of thermal spraying of a sealing coating to reduce air leakage and improve efficiency. However, because the parts such as the inner cylinder/the partition plate sleeve and the like have larger volumes, the parts are divided into an upper semicircular structure and a lower semicircular structure during manufacturing, a plurality of blades are arranged in the parts, the semi-circle formed by the blade tops of the blades is sealed by adopting a thermal spraying process, and the upper half and the lower half of the parts are always sprayed through the arc motion of a spray gun during spraying. Because the size of the part is large, the number of stages of the installed blades is large, the inner diameter sizes of the blades at all stages are different, and only a few points are taught initially, so that the spraying path program of the whole part is difficult to accurately program. If all carry out manual teaching to all levels and spray again, 3 teaching points arc line of drawing need be got to each level, to the high-pressure inner cylinder more than 20 levels, not only programming work load is very big, and the operation degree of difficulty is big, because highly being fit for accomplishing easily when the staff teaches to being in lower floor's level, and when teaching to upper level number, because highly surpassing the height too much, need just can arrive the corresponding teaching point of upper level number with the help of the instrument in order to accomplish the teaching, consequently, to operating personnel, the path planning of this kind of spraying is too complicated, the operation degree of difficulty is big. Therefore, a simple programming method is needed to plan the spraying path of parts such as the inner cylinder/partition sleeve of the steam turbine with multiple stages.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of complex programming and high operation difficulty of the existing turbine thermal spraying path, and provides a turbine thermal spraying path planning method.

The invention relates to a thermal spraying path planning method for a steam turbine, which is used for performing thermal spraying path planning on an inner cylinder or a spacer bush plate of the steam turbine, wherein the inner cylinder or the spacer bush plate of the steam turbine is vertically arranged, blades arranged in the inner cylinder or the spacer bush plate form m levels and sequentially form a1 st level and a2 nd level … … m levels from bottom to top;

the method comprises the following steps: the blade top semi-circular arc surface of each stage is thermally sprayed, the path planning of each stage of thermal spraying is the same,

manually setting three reference teaching points P1, P2 and P3 for the 1 st level, setting the in-out allowance of a spray gun, and finishing the 1 st level thermal spraying according to the path planned by the reference teaching points; and (3) mapping the reference teaching points to the mth levels of the 2 nd level and the 3 rd level … … in turn according to the relative position relation between the levels, sequentially obtaining the mapping teaching points of the 2 nd level and the 3 rd level … … mth level, and finishing thermal spraying according to the path planned by the mapping teaching points of each level.

Preferably, each stage of thermal spraying path planning adopts a single-path reciprocating cycle method, and two adjacent single paths are vertically offset, so that each stage of thermal spraying path is S-shaped.

Preferably, the offset between two adjacent single lines along the vertical direction is 2-4 mm.

Preferably, the 1 st level is manually provided with three reference teaching points P1, P2 and P3 to select the starting point, the middle point and the end point of the semi-circular arc line at the lowest end of the level.

Preferably, the position of the spray gun radially deviates 30-50 mm to the circle center along the blade top, and the in-out allowance of the spray gun is 10-40 mm and 40-70 mm respectively.

Preferably, the method for determining the mth mapping teach point of the 2 nd level and the 3 rd level … …, and the specific jth mapping teach point is as follows:

teaching point mapping 1: is offset in the height direction based on P1j＝2,3,...,m，a_j-(j-1)Representing the stage spacing between the jth stage and the j-1 th stage, is offset by deltar in the radial direction,in the formula d_jDenotes the tip diameter of the j-th stage, d₁Denotes the tip diameter of stage 1;

teaching point mapping No. 2: is offset in the height direction based on P2A radial offset Δ r;

3 rd mapping teaching points: is offset in the height direction based on P3Offset by ar in the radial direction.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) for the inner cylinder/partition plate sleeve with a large number of stages, only three points need to be taught, programming work is not in direct proportion to the stages, and the programming workload is greatly reduced;

(2) for the inner cylinder/partition plate sleeve with more stages, when the inner cylinder/partition plate sleeve is vertically sprayed, the upper stage is too high, manual teaching is difficult to reach in space, one person needs to stand on a ladder to observe the distance and the angle of a spray gun, and the other person operates a demonstrator;

(3) for the multi-stage inner cylinder/partition plate sleeve, only three points are required to be taught to determine a first-stage spraying path, and other spraying paths at all stages are obtained according to the drawing size instead of manual teaching at all stages, so that errors caused by manual operation are reduced, and the precision of the spraying path is greatly improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a turbine inner casing/spacer with blades attached, and P1, P2, P3 are three teaching points selected on a semi-circle formed by the tips of a plurality of blades;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a thermal spray path rule;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: the following describes the present embodiment with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the present embodiment describes a turbine thermal spraying path planning method for performing thermal spraying path planning on a part such as a turbine inner casing or a spacer plate.

Vertically installing an inner cylinder or a spacer bush plate of the steam turbine, wherein blades installed in the inner cylinder or the spacer bush plate form m stages and sequentially form a1 st stage and a2 nd stage … … mth stage from bottom to top; m is more than or equal to 2, and the method of the embodiment has more outstanding advantages compared with the traditional method when being applied to the condition that m is more than 20 levels.

The method comprises the following steps: the blade top semi-circular arc surface of each stage is thermally sprayed, the path planning of each stage of thermal spraying is the same,

manually setting three reference teaching points P1, P2 and P3 for the 1 st level, setting the in-out allowance of a spray gun, and finishing the 1 st level thermal spraying according to the path planned by the reference teaching points; and (3) mapping the reference teaching points to the mth levels of the 2 nd level and the 3 rd level … … in turn according to the relative position relation between the levels, sequentially obtaining the mapping teaching points of the 2 nd level and the 3 rd level … … mth level, and finishing thermal spraying according to the path planned by the mapping teaching points of each level.

When the path is planned by thermal spraying of the whole part, the operation mode of each stage is the same, only the teaching mode is different from the traditional mode, the traditional mode is that each stage has three teaching points, the embodiment only manually gives three reference teaching points at the 1 st stage, the teaching points of other stages are calculated according to the reference teaching points, but not manually given, namely, each stage does not need to manually lead the spray gun to walk the teaching points, only the 1 st stage needs to manually lead the spray gun, and the other stages automatically position and implement the thermal spraying operation according to the method provided by the embodiment.

Referring to fig. 2, the position of the spray gun radially deviates 30-50 mm to the circle center along the blade top, namely the spray gun is retracted inwards for a certain position relative to the spraying surface inside the part, and the retraction deviation amount is 30-50 mm to be matched with the length of the flame of the spray gun.

The surplus of the spray gun is 10-40 mm and 40-70 mm respectively. The reason for this is that the cross section of the blade is an inclined plane, the blade top surface main body composed of a plurality of blades is circular, but the inclined plane extends a little distance at the end position of the semicircle, see the dotted line position of fig. 1, for the complete spraying, the inclined plane must extend a distance, and the offset of the spray gun position P3 is larger than the offset of the gun position P1 for the convenience of hanging the test piece.

And each stage of thermal spraying path planning adopts a single-route reciprocating circulation method, and two adjacent single routes are offset along the vertical direction, so that each stage of thermal spraying path is S-shaped.

The offset between two adjacent single lines along the vertical direction is 2-4 mm.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the 1 st level is manually set with three reference teaching points P1, P2 and P3 to select the starting point, the middle point and the ending point of the semi-circular arc line at the lowest end of the level.

Single route program taught manually: manually guiding the spray gun to manually teach three points P1, P2 and P3 of the level 1, walking an arc, offsetting the points P1 and P3 to obtain the starting point and the ending point of a single route, and designing the single route in such a way, wherein the program of the single route is as follows:

MoveJ Offs(P1,-40,0,0),v100,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P1,0,0,0),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveC Offs(P2,0,0,0),Offs(P3,0,0,0),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P3,-70,0,0),v300,z5,tool3；

the-40 and-70 are the lengths of the P1 and P3 in and out offset, and can be changed according to actual needs.

Further, level 1 route program: the robot moves from left to right along a single path, then the single path is shifted by a step 4 along the radial direction of the part, the robot moves back to the left in the opposite direction, and then the step 4 is shifted, and the movement from the left to the right … is repeated in a cycle, so that the spraying program of the first stage is obtained, and the program path is similar to an S shape. The level 1 spray procedure was as follows:

FOR i FROM 0TO 11DO

MoveJ Offs(P1,-40,0,i*8),v100,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P1,0,0,i*8),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveC Offs(P2,0,0,i*8),Offs(P3,0,0,i*8),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P3,-70,0,i*8),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveJ Offs(P3,-70,0,i*8+4),v100,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P3,0,0,i*8+4),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveC Offs(P2,0,0,i*8+4),Offs(P1,0,0,i*8+4),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P1,-40,0,i*8+4),v300,z5,tool3；

ENDFOR

where the number of cycles and the step amount 4 of i can be changed as desired.

The method for determining the mth mapping teaching point of the 2 nd level and the 3 rd level … …, specifically the jth mapping teaching point, comprises the following steps:

teaching point mapping 1: is offset in the height direction based on P1j＝2,3,...,m，a_j-(j-1)Representing the stage spacing between the jth stage and the j-1 th stage, is offset by deltar in the radial direction,in the formula d_jDenotes the tip diameter of the j-th stage, d₁Denotes the tip diameter of stage 1;

when j is 2, the coordinate of point P1 is shifted by a along the height direction₁When j is 3, the coordinate of point P1 is shifted by a in the height direction₁+a₂Wherein a is₁Step spacing of 2 nd and 1 st steps, a₂Is the stage pitch between stage 3 and stage 2;

when j is 2, the coordinate of point P1 is shifted along radial directionWhen j is 3, the coordinate of point P1 is shifted along radial directionWherein d is₁Is the diameter of the tip arc of stage 1, d₂Is the diameter of the tip arc of stage 2, d₃Is the diameter of the tip arc of stage 3.

Teaching point mapping No. 2: is offset in the height direction based on P2A radial offset Δ r;

3 rd mapping teaching points: is offset in the height direction based on P3Offset by ar in the radial direction.

The whole path procedure is described by taking m as an example of 3: the three points P1, P2 and P3 are subjected to offset mapping to other levels according to different level diameter relations and level distances of parts, and the level 1 route program is applied to all levels. The complete spray path procedure is as follows:

PROC path3()

d1:＝1164.4；

d2:＝1171.4；

d3:＝1177.4；

a1:＝132.03；

a2:＝122.49；

MoveJ Home,v300,z5,tool3；

MoveJ Offs(P1,-40,0,0),v300,z5,tool3；

FOR i FROM 0TO 11DO

MoveJ Offs(P1,-40,0,i*8),v100,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P1,0,0,i*8),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveC Offs(P2,0,0,i*8),Offs(P3,0,0,i*8),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P3,-70,0,i*8),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveJ Offs(P3,-70,0,i*8+4),v100,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P3,0,0,i*8+4),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveC Offs(P2,0,0,i*8+4),Offs(P1,0,0,i*8+4),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P1,-40,0,i*8+4),v300,z5,tool3；

ENDFOR

MoveJ Offs(P1,-40,(d2-d1)/2,a1),v300,z5,tool3；

FOR i FROM 0TO 10DO

MoveJ Offs(P1,-40,(d2-d1)/2,i*8+a1),v100,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P1,0,(d2-d1)/2,i*8+a1),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveC Offs(P2,(d2-d1)/2,0,i*8+a1),Offs(P3,0,-(d2-d1)/2,i*8+a1),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P3,-70,-(d2-d1)/2,i*8+a1),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveJ Offs(P3,-70,-(d2-d1)/2,i*8+4+a1),v100,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P3,0,-(d2-d1)/2,i*8+4+a1),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveC Offs(P2,(d2-d1)/2,0,i*8+4+a1),Offs(P1,0,(d2-d1)/2,i*8+4+a1),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P1,-40,(d2-d1)/2,i*8+4+a1),v300,z5,tool3；

ENDFOR

MoveJ Offs(P1,-40,(d3-d1)/2,+a1+a2),v300,z5,tool3；

FOR i FROM 0TO 10DO

MoveJ Offs(P1,-40,(d3-d1)/2,i*8+a1+a2),v100,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P1,0,(d3-d1)/2,i*8+a1+a2),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveC Offs(P2,(d3-d1)/2,0,i*8+a1+a2),Offs(P3,0,-(d3-d1)/2,i*8+a1+a2),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P3,-70,-(d3-d1)/2,i*8+a1+a2),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveJ Offs(P3,-70,-(d3-d1)/2,i*8+4+a1+a2),v100,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P3,0,-(d3-d1)/2,i*8+4+a1+a2),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveC

Offs(P2,(d3-d1)/2,0,i*8+4+a1+a2),Offs(P1,0,(d3-d1)/2,i*8+4+a1+a2),v300,z5,tool3；

MoveL Offs(P1,-40,(d3-d1)/2,i*8+4+a1+a2),v300,z5,tool3；

ENDFOR

MoveJ Home,v300,z5,tool3；

ENDPROC

wherein d1, d2 and d3 … are spraying diameters of each stage, a1 and a2 … are stage distances between each stage, and input is required according to the size of the drawing, as shown in fig. 3;

it can be seen that the method described in this embodiment can be applied to any grade of path planning, where the number of grades is usually within 25, a program of all parts of 1-25 grades is written in a robot program, parts of a certain grade need to be painted in the production process, and the program of the corresponding grade is directly selected to modify the positions of three points P1, P2, and P3 and the values of diameters d1, d2, d3 … and the distances a1 and a2 … between grades. The purpose of completing path planning by teaching only three teaching points at one level is achieved.