阅读说明：本技术 车床夹具 (Lathe fixture ) 是由 喻明辉 姚勇 谈运华 叶文刚 江卫锋 于 2020-05-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种车床夹具,包括本体,本体的第一端设置锥柄,锥柄直径外小内大,锥柄的外端中间设置螺纹孔；本体第二端开设工件安装孔,工件安装孔与锥柄同轴；本体侧壁开设缺口,缺口中安装夹持块,待车削的工件插入工件安装孔中,夹持块能够将工件夹持在工件安装孔中。本发明的优点在于：锥柄与车床主轴配合,能确保工件安装孔与车床主轴的同轴度,在车工件两端时,夹具相对车床主轴位置不变,夹具夹持工件两端时,其夹持位置相同,因而工件两端的圆心相对于工件安装孔轴线,也即工件两端的圆心相对于车床主轴的轴线位置不变,不会造成两端出的内孔出现较大的误差,进而能够最大程度的确保车削加工时工件两端内孔的同轴度。(The invention discloses a lathe fixture which comprises a body, wherein a taper shank is arranged at the first end of the body, the diameter of the taper shank is small outside and large inside, and a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the outer end of the taper shank; the second end of the body is provided with a workpiece mounting hole which is coaxial with the taper shank; a notch is formed in the side wall of the body, a clamping block is installed in the notch, a workpiece to be turned is inserted into the workpiece mounting hole, and the clamping block can clamp the workpiece in the workpiece mounting hole. The invention has the advantages that: the taper shank is matched with the lathe spindle, coaxiality of the workpiece mounting hole and the lathe spindle can be guaranteed, when the two ends of the workpiece are turned, the position of the clamp relative to the lathe spindle is unchanged, when the clamp clamps the two ends of the workpiece, the clamping position of the clamp is the same, therefore, the circle centers of the two ends of the workpiece are relative to the axis of the workpiece mounting hole, namely, the position of the circle centers of the two ends of the workpiece relative to the axis of the lathe spindle is unchanged, larger errors of inner holes formed in the two ends of the workpiece cannot be caused, and coaxiality of the inner holes in the two ends of the workpiece.)

1. A lathe fixture is characterized in that: the taper shank type drill bit comprises a body (2), wherein a taper shank (3) is arranged at the first end of the body (2), the diameter of the taper shank (3) is small outside and large inside, and a threaded hole (31) is formed in the middle of the outer end of the taper shank (3);

a second end of the body (2) is provided with a workpiece mounting hole (21), and the workpiece mounting hole (21) is coaxial with the taper shank (3);

a notch (22) is formed in the side wall of the body (2), a clamping block (4) is installed in the notch (22), a workpiece (1) to be turned is inserted into the workpiece mounting hole (21), and the clamping block (4) can clamp the workpiece (1) in the workpiece mounting hole (21).

2. The lathe fixture of claim 1, wherein: the body (2) is cylindrical, and the workpiece mounting hole (21) is coaxial with the body (2).

3. The lathe fixture of claim 2, wherein: the outer diameter of the body (2) is larger than the diameter of the taper shank (3).

4. The lathe fixture of claim 1, wherein: the opening of the workpiece mounting hole (21) is chamfered.

5. The lathe fixture of claim 1, wherein: the two side surfaces of the notch (22) are perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece mounting hole (21), and the bottom surface of the notch (22) is parallel to the axis of the workpiece mounting hole (21) or coincides with the axis of the workpiece mounting hole (21).

6. The lathe fixture of claim 1, wherein: the clamping block (4) is mounted in the notch (22) through a screw.

7. The lathe fixture of claim 6, wherein: an elastic body (5) is arranged between the clamping block (4) and the notch (22).

8. The lathe jig according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the inner side of the clamping block (4) is provided with an arc surface (41), the axis of the arc surface (41) is parallel to the axis of the workpiece mounting hole (21) or coincides with the axis of the workpiece mounting hole (21), the clamping block (4) is mounted in the notch (22), and at least one part of the arc surface (41) is located in the section range of the workpiece mounting hole (21).

9. The lathe fixture of claim 8, wherein: the radius of the cambered surface (41) is equal to that of the workpiece mounting hole (21).

10. The lathe fixture of claim 8, wherein: the radius of the cambered surface (41) is equal to that of the workpiece (1) to be turned.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of lathes, in particular to a lathe fixture.

Background

In machining, an outer circle or an inner hole is usually required to be turned by a lathe, as shown in fig. 1, a workpiece 1 is integrally cylindrical, the inner sides of the end parts are respectively provided with an inner hole 11, the inner holes 11 are stepped holes or through holes, in actual machining, the coaxiality of the inner holes 11 at the two ends of the workpiece 1 is required to be ensured, in the prior art, a common three-jaw chuck is adopted to clamp the workpiece 1, then the inner hole 11 at one end is firstly turned, after the turning is finished, the two ends of the workpiece 1 are exchanged, then the workpiece 1 is clamped by the three-jaw chuck, then the inner holes 11 at the other end are turned, in the whole turning process, the position of the workpiece 1 clamped by the three-jaw chuck is required to be exchanged, but the position of each jaw of the three-jaw chuck on the outer circle of the workpiece 1 is different, the outer circle of the workpiece is dislocated in the circumferential direction, so, in addition, as the chinese patent publication No. CN206065458U discloses a three-jaw chuck and a machine tool with the three-jaw chuck, which is a typical three-jaw chuck structure, when the three-jaw chuck is used to clamp the workpiece 1, the central position of the workpiece 1 is determined by the positions of the three jaws, and when each jaw moves, it cannot be ensured that the moving amplitude of each jaw is completely the same, so that the rotation axis of the workpiece 1 changes every time the workpiece 1 is clamped, and thus, the coaxiality of the inner holes 11 at the two ends of the workpiece 1 is not easy to be ensured.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the technical problem that the coaxiality of inner holes at two ends of a workpiece cannot be ensured in turning in the prior art is solved.

The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means: a lathe fixture comprises a body, wherein a taper shank is arranged at the first end of the body, the diameter of the taper shank is small outside and large inside, and a threaded hole is formed in the middle of the outer end of the taper shank;

the second end of the body is provided with a workpiece mounting hole which is coaxial with the taper shank;

the side wall of the body is provided with a notch, a clamping block is arranged in the notch, a workpiece to be turned is inserted into the workpiece mounting hole, and the clamping block can clamp the workpiece in the workpiece mounting hole.

When the lathe fixture is practically applied, the taper shank is inserted into a taper hole of a main shaft of a lathe and screwed in the threaded hole by a screw, so that the whole fixture is hung on a lathe main shaft, the coaxiality of a workpiece mounting hole and the lathe main shaft can be ensured to the maximum extent by matching the taper shank with the lathe main shaft, the size of a gap between the outer diameter of a workpiece to be turned and the workpiece mounting hole meets the error requirement of workpiece machining, the clamping block is detached, the first end of the workpiece is inserted into the workpiece mounting hole and then is installed, the workpiece can be clamped in the workpiece mounting hole by the clamping block, the workpiece can be turned after clamping is completed, after turning is completed, the clamping block is loosened or detached, the workpiece is pulled out, the second end of the workpiece is inserted into the workpiece mounting hole, the clamping block is installed, the workpiece can be clamped in the workpiece mounting hole, and the position of the clamping block for the second time is ensured to be the same as the position for the first time of clamping, after the centre gripping is accomplished, can to the work piece turning, because when turning work piece both ends, anchor clamps are unchangeable for the position of lathe main shaft, and anchor clamps are when the both ends of centre gripping work piece simultaneously, and its clamping position is the same, therefore the centre of a circle at work piece both ends is for the axis of work piece mounting hole, also the centre of a circle at work piece both ends is unchangeable for the axis position of lathe main shaft, can not cause the hole that both ends go out great error to appear, and then can the at utmost guarantee the axiality of the work piece both ends hole when turning adds man-hour.

Preferably, the body is cylindrical, and the workpiece mounting hole is coaxial with the body.

Preferably, the outer diameter of the body is larger than the diameter of the taper shank.

Optimally, the opening of the workpiece mounting hole is chamfered.

Preferably, two side surfaces of the notch are perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece mounting hole, and the bottom surface of the notch is parallel to the axis of the workpiece mounting hole or coincides with the axis of the workpiece mounting hole.

The notch is set to be in a regular shape, so that the clamping block is convenient to mount.

Preferably, the clamping block is mounted in the notch by a screw.

Preferably, an elastic body is arranged between the clamping block and the notch. When the clamping block is detached, the elastic body can support the clamping block, and then the workpiece is conveniently taken out.

Preferably, the inner side of the clamping block is provided with an arc surface, the axis of the arc surface is parallel to the axis of the workpiece mounting hole or coincides with the axis of the workpiece mounting hole, the clamping block is arranged in the notch, and at least one part of the arc surface is located in the section range of the workpiece mounting hole.

The cambered surface can be well attached to the surface of a workpiece, so that the workpiece can be stably and reliably clamped.

Optimally, the radius of the cambered surface is equal to that of the workpiece mounting hole.

The radius of cambered surface equals with the radius of work piece mounting hole can realize when actual processing frock, directly from the part of cutting out the grip block on the body, form the breach simultaneously, then as required, cuts off the position that is on a part of grip block and is on a parallel with the cambered surface axis to make the grip block can be firm centre gripping work piece.

Optimally, the radius of the cambered surface is equal to that of a workpiece to be turned.

The radius of the cambered surface is set to be equal to the radius of a workpiece to be turned, so that the cambered surface can be well attached to the surface of the workpiece when the workpiece is actually clamped, and the workpiece can be stably clamped.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. when the lathe fixture is practically applied, the taper shank is inserted into a taper hole of a main shaft of a lathe and screwed in the threaded hole by a screw, so that the whole fixture is hung on a lathe main shaft, the coaxiality of a workpiece mounting hole and the lathe main shaft can be ensured to the maximum extent by matching the taper shank with the lathe main shaft, the size of a gap between the outer diameter of a workpiece to be turned and the workpiece mounting hole meets the error requirement of workpiece machining, the clamping block is detached, the first end of the workpiece is inserted into the workpiece mounting hole and then is installed, the workpiece can be clamped in the workpiece mounting hole by the clamping block, the workpiece can be turned after clamping is completed, after turning is completed, the clamping block is loosened or detached, the workpiece is pulled out, the second end of the workpiece is inserted into the workpiece mounting hole, the clamping block is installed, the workpiece can be clamped in the workpiece mounting hole, and the position of the clamping block for the second time is ensured to be the same as the position for the first time of clamping, after the centre gripping is accomplished, can to the work piece turning, because when turning work piece both ends, anchor clamps are unchangeable for the position of lathe main shaft, and anchor clamps are when the both ends of centre gripping work piece simultaneously, and its clamping position is the same, therefore the centre of a circle at work piece both ends is for the axis of work piece mounting hole, also the centre of a circle at work piece both ends is unchangeable for the axis position of lathe main shaft, can not cause the hole that both ends go out great error to appear, and then can the at utmost guarantee the axiality of the work piece both ends hole when turning adds man-hour.

2. The notch is set to be in a regular shape, so that the clamping block is convenient to mount.

3. When the clamping block is detached, the elastic body can support the clamping block, and then the workpiece is conveniently taken out.

4. The cambered surface can be well attached to the surface of a workpiece, so that the workpiece can be stably and reliably clamped.

5. The radius of cambered surface equals with the radius of work piece mounting hole can realize when actual processing frock, directly from the part of cutting out the grip block on the body, form the breach simultaneously, then as required, cuts off the position that is on a part of grip block and is on a parallel with the cambered surface axis to make the grip block can be firm centre gripping work piece.

6. The radius of the cambered surface is set to be equal to the radius of a workpiece to be turned, so that the cambered surface can be well attached to the surface of the workpiece when the workpiece is actually clamped, and the workpiece can be stably clamped.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a workpiece;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a lathe fixture in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a lathe fixture in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a top view of a lathe fixture (with the clamping block removed) in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a lathe fixture holding a workpiece according to an embodiment of the present invention;

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

a workpiece-1 and an inner hole-11;

a body-2, a workpiece mounting hole-21 and a notch-22;

a taper shank-3 and a threaded hole-31;

a clamping block-4 and an arc surface-41;

elastomer-5.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 2, the lathe jig includes a body 2, a taper shank 3, a holding block 4, and an elastic body 5.

The lathe fixture is mainly used for clamping workpieces, and is particularly suitable for clamping the workpiece 1 shown in figure 1, the workpiece 1 is cylindrical, inner holes 11 are respectively arranged in the two ends of the workpiece 1, the inner holes 11 are stepped holes or through holes, and the coaxiality of the two inner holes 11 after turning needs to be ensured in actual processing.

For convenience of description and understanding, the front view is taken from the perspective of fig. 2.

As shown in fig. 2, a taper shank 3 is arranged at a first end of a body 2, the taper shank 3 is welded or coaxially mounted at the left end of the body 2 in a screw connection mode, or the taper shank 3 and the body 2 can be integrally arranged, for example, the taper shank 3 and the body 2 are turned by the same blank, the diameter of the taper shank 3 is small outside and large inside, namely, the left end and the right end of the taper shank 3 are small and large, and a threaded hole 31 is arranged in the middle of the outer end of the taper shank 3; the taper of the taper shank 3 is not limited to a specific value, and can be adapted according to the taper of the main shaft of the lathe during practical application.

As shown in fig. 2, a workpiece mounting hole 21 is formed in the second end of the body 2, the workpiece mounting hole 21 is a circular hole and has a right opening, the opening of the workpiece mounting hole 21 is chamfered, and the workpiece mounting hole 21 is coaxial with the taper shank 3; a notch 22 is formed in the side wall of the body 2, a clamping block 4 is installed in the notch 22, as shown in fig. 6, a workpiece 1 to be turned is inserted into the workpiece installation hole 21, and the clamping block 4 can clamp the workpiece 1 in the workpiece installation hole 21.

As shown in fig. 4, the body 2 is cylindrical, the workpiece mounting hole 21 is coaxial with the body 2, and the outer diameter of the body 2 is larger than the diameter of the taper shank 3.

As shown in fig. 2, two side surfaces of the notch 22 are perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece mounting hole 21, and the bottom surface of the notch 22 is parallel to the axis of the workpiece mounting hole 21 or coincides with the axis of the workpiece mounting hole 21, in this embodiment, the bottom surface of the notch 22 coincides with the axis of the workpiece mounting hole 21.

The inner side of the clamping block 4 is provided with an arc surface 41, the axis of the arc surface 41 is parallel to the axis of the workpiece mounting hole 21 or coincides with the axis of the workpiece mounting hole 21, the clamping block 4 is mounted in the notch 22, and at least one part of the arc surface 41 is positioned in the section range of the workpiece mounting hole 21.

The radius of the arc surface 41 is equal to the radius of the workpiece mounting hole 21.

Alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

the radius of the arc surface 41 is equal to the radius of the workpiece 1 to be turned.

The outer wall of the clamping block 4 is parallel to the cambered surface 41.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the clamping block 4 is installed in the notch 22 through a screw, specifically, through holes are vertically formed in the middle positions of the front side and the rear side of the clamping block 4, threaded holes are coaxially formed in the notch 22 at corresponding positions, and the screw passes through the through hole of the clamping block 4 and then is screwed into the corresponding threaded hole, so that the clamping block 4 is installed in the notch 22.

As shown in fig. 4, an elastic body 5 is disposed between the clamping block 4 and the notch 22, in this embodiment, the elastic body 5 is a spring, and the spring is installed in the notch 22 by bonding, welding or screwing, specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the number of the springs is four, two springs are disposed in front of and behind each other, and the two springs are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the screw.

In this embodiment, when manufacturing the fixture, the following manufacturing process can be adopted: firstly, a body 2 is manufactured, a workpiece mounting hole 21 is formed, the difference between the size of the workpiece mounting hole 21 and the outer diameter of a workpiece 1 is ensured to meet the requirement of machining precision, then a notch 22 is cut in the body 2 by utilizing linear cutting or laser cutting, the cut part can be used for manufacturing a clamping block 4, one part of the front lower end and the rear lower end of the cut part are ground off, so that when the clamping block 4 is installed in the notch 22 again, the clamping block 4 can move downwards and clamp the workpiece 1, then a taper shank 3 is manufactured or the taper shank 3 is installed at the left end of the body 2, and then all parts are assembled according to the requirement.

The working principle is as follows:

as shown in fig. 6, in practical application, a lathe fixture of the present invention is manufactured by inserting a taper shank 3 into a taper hole of a lathe spindle and screwing the taper shank 3 into a threaded hole 31 to mount the whole fixture on the lathe spindle, so that the coaxiality of a workpiece mounting hole 21 and the lathe spindle can be ensured to the maximum extent by the fit between the taper shank 3 and the lathe spindle, the size of a gap between the outer diameter of a workpiece 1 to be turned and the workpiece mounting hole 21 meets the error requirement of the machining of the workpiece 1, removing a clamping block 4, inserting a first end of the workpiece 1 into the workpiece mounting hole 21, then installing the clamping block 4, clamping the workpiece 1 in the workpiece mounting hole 21 by the clamping block 4, turning the workpiece 1 after clamping, loosening or removing the clamping block 4, extracting the workpiece 1, inserting a second end of the workpiece 1 into the workpiece mounting hole 21, and installing the clamping block 4, the clamping block 4 can clamp the workpiece 1 in the workpiece mounting hole 21, and the position of the clamping block 4 for clamping the workpiece 1 for the second time is the same as the position of the workpiece 1 for the first time, after clamping is completed, the workpiece 1 can be turned, because the position of the fixture relative to the lathe spindle is unchanged when the two ends of the workpiece 1 are turned, and meanwhile, the clamping position of the fixture is the same when the two ends of the workpiece 1 are clamped, the circle centers of the two ends of the workpiece 1 are relative to the axis of the workpiece mounting hole 21, namely the positions of the circle centers of the two ends of the workpiece 1 are unchanged relative to the axis of the lathe spindle, the inner holes 11 at the two ends cannot be caused to have large errors, and the coaxiality of the inner holes at the two ends of the workpiece 1 during turning can be ensured to.

As shown in fig. 6, the notches 22 are regularly formed to facilitate the installation of the clamping block 4, and when the clamping block 4 is removed, the elastic body 5 can support the clamping block 4, thereby facilitating the taking out of the workpiece 1, the arrangement of the cambered surface 41 can be well jointed with the surface of the workpiece 1, so as to stably and reliably clamp the workpiece 1, the radius of the cambered surface 41 is equal to that of the workpiece mounting hole 21, so that when the tool is actually processed, the part of the clamping block 4 is directly cut from the body 2, and simultaneously the notch 22 is formed, then, according to the requirement, a part of the clamping block 4 parallel to the axis of the cambered surface 41 is cut off, so that the clamping block 4 can firmly clamp the workpiece 1, the radius of the cambered surface 41 is set to be equal to that of the workpiece 1 to be turned, and the clamping device can ensure that when in actual clamping, the cambered surface 41 can be well attached to the surface of the workpiece 1, and can firmly clamp the workpiece 1.

The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.