阅读说明：本技术 研磨块装卸装置、踏面清扫器和轨道车辆 (Grinding block loading and unloading device, tread sweeper and railway vehicle ) 是由 徐昊 吴波 王子晨 冯畅 左建业 于 2020-04-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种研磨块装卸装置、踏面清扫器和轨道车辆,属于轨道车辆装备技术领域。本发明提供一种踏面清扫器的研磨块装卸装置,其用于安装和拆卸研磨块；该踏面清扫器包括：具有楔形安装槽的闸瓦托、限位挡块和挡块锁定组件；其中,所述楔形安装槽用于与所述研磨块的楔形安装块楔形配合并沿所述研磨块所作用的车轮的大致切线方向布置；所述挡块锁定组件能够将所述限位挡块可解锁地定位安装在所述闸瓦托上,以至于限位挡块能够限制所述楔形安装块在所述楔形安装槽中沿大致切线方向滑动。本发明的研磨块装卸装置在车轮的轴线方向的安装空间要求小、安装稳定可靠、使用寿命长。(The invention provides a grinding block assembling and disassembling device, a tread sweeper and a railway vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of railway vehicle equipment. The invention provides a grinding block loading and unloading device of a tread sweeper, which is used for installing and disassembling a grinding block; this tread sweeper includes: the brake head comprises a brake head support with a wedge-shaped mounting groove, a limit stop and a stop locking assembly; wherein the wedge-shaped mounting groove is used for wedge-shaped matching with a wedge-shaped mounting block of the grinding block and is arranged along the approximate tangential direction of a wheel acted by the grinding block; the stop locking assembly is capable of releasably positionally mounting the limit stop on the brake head such that the limit stop is capable of limiting the wedge-shaped mounting block from sliding in a generally tangential direction within the wedge-shaped mounting slot. The grinding block loading and unloading device has the advantages of small requirement on the installation space of the wheel in the axial direction, stable and reliable installation and long service life.)

1. An abrasive segment loading and unloading device (300) for a tread sweeper (10) for mounting and dismounting an abrasive segment (110), comprising: a brake head (310) having a wedge-shaped mounting slot (315), a limit stop (330), and a stop locking assembly (350);

wherein the wedge-shaped mounting groove (315) is for wedge-shaped engagement with a wedge-shaped mounting block (113) of the grinding block (110) and is arranged in a substantially tangential direction of a wheel on which the grinding block (110) acts;

the stop locking assembly (350) is adapted to releasably positionally mount the positive stop (330) on the brake head (310) such that the positive stop (330) is adapted to limit sliding movement of the wedge mounting block (113) in the wedge mounting slot (315) in the generally tangential direction.

2. The grinding block loading and unloading device (300) according to claim 1, wherein an end face of the wedge-shaped mounting block (113) comes into surface contact with the limit stopper (330) in a state where the limit stopper (330) limits the sliding of the wedge-shaped mounting block (113) in the wedge-shaped mounting groove (315).

3. The grinding block loading and unloading device (300) of claim 1, wherein the wedge mounting block (113) is slidably insertable into the wedge mounting slot (315) in the substantially tangential direction from a first end of the wedge mounting slot (315), a second end of the wedge mounting slot (315) being blocked.

4. The grinding block loading and unloading device (300) according to claim 1, characterized in that the limit stop (330) has a first stop hole (333) and/or a second stop hole (335);

pivotally mounting the limit stop (330) on the brake head (310) by a pivot pin (331) passing through the first stop hole (333);

the stop locking assembly (350) has a locking pin (351) for preventing the limit stop (330) from rotating about the pivot pin (331) by the locking pin (351) passing through the second stop hole (335) so as to releasably positionally mount the limit stop (330) on the brake head (310).

5. The abrasive segment loading and unloading device (300) according to claim 4, wherein said limit stop (330) is provided with a lifting lug (339).

6. The grinding block loading and unloading device (300) according to claim 4, characterized in that the brake head (310) is configured with a stop limiting groove (312) for positioning and mounting the limit stop (330) and limiting the movement of the limit stop (330) in the tangential direction.

7. The grinding block loading and unloading device (300) of claim 4, wherein the brake head (310) is provided with a locking assembly positioning and mounting block (311) for positioning and mounting the stop block locking assembly (350), and the locking assembly positioning and mounting block (311) is provided with a first pin rod mounting hole (3111) and a second pin rod mounting hole (3112).

8. The abrasive block handling device (300) of claim 7, wherein said stop lock assembly (350) further comprises:

a U-shaped pin (354) including a left pin (3541) and a right pin (3542);

an elastic return element (352) which is sleeved on the left pin rod (3541);

a stopper ring (353) penetrated by the left pin rod (3541); and

a manual operation unit (355) attached to the right pin lever (3542);

wherein the elastic reset element (352) is positioned in the second pin rod mounting hole (3112) and the upper end and the lower end of the elastic reset element are respectively abutted against the locking pin (351) and the retaining ring (353);

the right pin rod (3542) can be vertically slidably inserted through the first pin rod mounting hole (3111), and the left pin rod (3541) and the locking pin (351) fixedly connected to the upper end thereof can be vertically slidably inserted through the second pin rod mounting hole (3112);

the locking pin (351) is moved down together with the U-shaped pin rod (354) and out of the second stopper hole (335) by pressing down the manual operation portion (355) while the elastic restoring member (352) is compressed.

9. The abrasive block handling device (300) of claim 8, wherein said locking pin (351) is connected to an upper end of said left pin rod (3541) with an interference fit.

10. The abrasive brick handling device (300) according to claim 8, characterized in that, in case the downward pressing operation is cancelled, the compressed resilient return element (352) pushes up the locking pin (351) to pass the locking pin (351) through the second stopper hole (335).

11. The abrasive brick handling device (300) according to claim 8, wherein said retainer ring (353) is mounted in said second pin mounting hole (3112) in a screw-threaded fixed connection.

12. The abrasive block handling device (300) of claim 8, wherein said stop lock assembly (350) further comprises: and a lock nut (356) for locking the manual operation part (355) to an upper end of the right pin rod (3542) in a nut fixing manner.

13. The abrasive block loading and unloading device (300) of claim 8, wherein said first pin mounting hole (3111) and said second pin mounting hole (3112) are through holes arranged substantially in parallel and the second pin mounting hole (3112) is relatively short.

14. A tread sweeper (10) comprising:

a grinding block (110) having a wedge-shaped mounting block (113),

the air cylinder (130) is used for driving the grinding blocks (110) to act on a wheel tread (91) of the wheel in an opposite way;

it is characterized by also comprising:

the grinding block handling device (300) of any of claims 1 to 13;

wherein the grinding block loading and unloading device (300) is connected with the piston rod of the cylinder (130) through a brake shoe holder connecting part (319) of the brake shoe holder (310).

15. A rail vehicle comprising the tread sweeper (10) of claim 14; wherein the grinding blocks (110) of the tread sweeper (10) oppositely act on a wheel tread (91) of a wheel of a railway vehicle, and the grinding blocks (110) of the tread sweeper (10) can be installed and removed along the approximate tangential direction of the wheel.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of railway vehicle equipment, and relates to wheel tread cleaning of a railway vehicle, in particular to a grinding block assembling and disassembling device, a tread cleaner using the grinding block assembling and disassembling device, and a railway vehicle using the tread cleaner.

Background

Tread sweepers are typically mounted on a rail vehicle in response to the wheels of the rail vehicle and controllably frictionally engage the wheel treads with abrasive blocks (or "grinders") mounted thereon to produce a tread sweeping effect on the vehicle treads. The friction effect can keep a relatively good adhesion state between the wheels and the track, and is beneficial to avoiding the problem that the rail vehicle idles or slides due to insufficient adhesion force between the wheels and the track in the starting, decelerating or braking process. Therefore, tread sweepers are one of the important parts installed in railway vehicles.

Since the grinding pad is a wearing part, it is necessary to frequently perform an attaching and detaching operation such as detaching an old grinding pad from the tread surface cleaner and attaching a new grinding pad to the tread surface cleaner. Therefore, a polishing pad loading and unloading device is generally provided corresponding to the polishing pad.

The maohong et al name "development of tread sweeper for high speed motor train unit" master's paper discloses a grinding block loading and unloading device (see section 2.6 of the second chapter) which uses a mounting hook, a torsion spring and the like to fix the mounting hook on a brake head by means of the torsion spring so as to limit the relative movement between the grinding block and the brake head, and is designed to load and unload the grinding block along the axial direction of the wheel, but has high requirement on the space in the axial direction of the wheel (for example, the space is easily limited by a clamp hanger and the like), and is difficult to be applied to the railway vehicle with a small mounting space in the axial direction of the wheel.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present disclosure to effectively address or at least alleviate one or more of the above-described and/or other problems with existing tread sweepers, thereby providing the following technical solutions.

According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a grinding block loading and unloading device for a tread sweeper, for mounting and dismounting a grinding block; this tread sweeper includes: the brake head comprises a brake head support with a wedge-shaped mounting groove, a limit stop and a stop locking assembly;

wherein the wedge-shaped mounting groove is used for wedge-shaped matching with a wedge-shaped mounting block of the grinding block and is arranged along the approximate tangential direction of a wheel acted by the grinding block;

the stop locking assembly is capable of releasably positionally mounting the limit stop on the brake head such that the limit stop is capable of limiting sliding of the wedge mounting block in the wedge mounting slot in the generally tangential direction.

According to an additional or alternative embodiment, an end face of the wedge-shaped mounting block is in surface contact with the limit stop, with the limit stop limiting sliding of the wedge-shaped mounting block in the wedge-shaped mounting slot.

According to an additional or alternative embodiment, the wedge mounting block is slidably insertable into the wedge mounting groove in the substantially tangential direction from a first end of the wedge mounting groove, a second end of the wedge mounting groove being blocked.

According to an additional or alternative embodiment, the limit stop has a first stop hole and/or a second stop hole;

pivotally mounting the limit stops on the brake head by a pivot pin passing through the first stop hole;

the stop locking assembly has a locking pin that is received through the second stop hole to prevent rotation of the limit stop about the pivot pin so as to releasably secure the limit stop in place on the brake head.

According to an additional or alternative embodiment, the limit stop is provided with a lifting lug.

According to an additional or alternative embodiment, the brake head is configured with a stop limiting groove for positioning and mounting the limit stop and limiting the movement of the limit stop in the tangential direction.

According to an additional or alternative embodiment, the brake head is provided with a locking assembly positioning and mounting block for positioning and mounting the stop block locking assembly, and the locking assembly positioning and mounting block is provided with a first pin rod mounting hole and a second pin rod mounting hole.

According to additional or alternative embodiments, the chock locking assembly further comprises:

a U-shaped pin bar comprising a left pin bar and a right pin bar;

the elastic reset element is sleeved on the left pin rod;

a stopper ring penetrated by the left pin rod; and

a manual operation part mounted on the right pin rod;

the elastic reset element is positioned in the second pin rod mounting hole, and the upper end and the lower end of the elastic reset element are respectively abutted against the locking pin and the retaining ring;

the right pin rod can penetrate through the first pin rod mounting hole in a vertically sliding mode, and the left pin rod and the locking pin fixedly connected to the upper end of the left pin rod can penetrate through the second pin rod mounting hole in a vertically sliding mode;

the locking pin moves downward together with the U-shaped pin rod and leaves the second stopper hole by pressing the manual operation portion downward while the elastic return member is compressed.

According to an additional or alternative embodiment, the locking pin is connected to the upper end of the left pin rod with an interference fit.

According to an additional or alternative embodiment, in case the downward pressing operation is cancelled, the compressed resilient return element pushes up the locking pin to pass the locking pin through the second stopper hole.

According to an additional or alternative embodiment, the retainer ring is threadably mounted in the second pin mounting hole.

According to additional or alternative embodiments, the chock locking assembly further comprises: and a lock nut that locks the manual operation portion to an upper end of the right pin rod in a nut fixing manner.

According to an additional or alternative embodiment, the first pin mounting hole and the second pin mounting hole are through holes arranged substantially in parallel, and the second pin mounting hole is relatively short.

According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a tread sweeper comprising:

a grinding block having a wedge-shaped mounting block;

the air cylinder is used for driving the grinding blocks to act on the wheel tread of the wheel oppositely; and

the abrasive compact handling apparatus of any of the above;

the grinding block assembling and disassembling device is connected with a piston rod of the air cylinder through a brake shoe support connecting part of the brake shoe support.

According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a rail vehicle comprising the aforementioned tread sweeper; wherein the grinding blocks of the tread surface sweeper oppositely act on the wheel tread surface of the wheel of the railway vehicle, and the grinding blocks of the tread surface sweeper can be installed and removed along the approximate tangential direction of the wheel.

The above features, operation and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like or similar elements are designated by like reference numerals.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an abrasive compact loading and unloading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which an abrasive compact is shown mounted thereon.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the abrasive block loading and unloading apparatus of the embodiment shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a right side view of the abrasive block loading and unloading apparatus of the embodiment shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a rear side view of the abrasive block loading and unloading apparatus of the embodiment shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view corresponding to a front view of the abrasive segment handling apparatus shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a grinding block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a shoe drag used in the abrasive block loading and unloading apparatus of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a limit stop used in the polishing block loading and unloading apparatus of the embodiment shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a stop lock assembly used in the abrasive compact removal apparatus of the embodiment of fig. 1.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the attachment of a tread sweeper according to one embodiment of the present invention to a wheel of a railway vehicle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

10. a tread sweeper, 110, a grinding block, 111, a grinding block body, 130 and a cylinder,

113. a wedge-shaped mounting block 300, a grinding block loading and unloading device 310, a brake head,

311. a locking assembly positioning and mounting block 3111, a first pin mounting hole,

3112. a second pin mounting hole, 312, a stop limiting groove, 313, a shoulder,

3131. a first brake shoe support hole 3133, a second brake shoe support hole 315, a wedge-shaped mounting groove,

318. a brake head bottom surface 319, a brake head connecting part 330, a limit stop,

331. pivot pin, 333, first stop hole, 335, second stop hole,

339. a lifting lug, 350, a block locking component, 351, a locking pin,

352. an elastic reset element 353, a baffle ring 354, a U-shaped pin rod,

3541. left pin rod, 355, manual operation part, 356, lock nut.

Detailed Description

The present invention now will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The embodiments described above are intended to be illustrative of the full and complete disclosure of this invention, and thus, to provide a more complete and accurate understanding of the scope of the invention.

Terms such as "comprising" and "comprises" mean that, in addition to having components which are directly and explicitly stated in the description and claims, the solution of the invention does not exclude other components which are not directly or explicitly stated.

For ease of illustration and understanding, the accompanying figures define the respective x, y and z directions, wherein the thickness direction of the abrasive block is defined as the z direction, the positive z direction is directed from the cylinder end of the tread sweeper to the abrasive surface, the length direction of the wedge block is defined as the x direction, and the width direction of the wedge block is defined as the y direction.

In the following description of fig. 1-10, the terms of orientation, "left", "right", "up" and "down" are defined based on the orientation of the abrasive segment loading apparatus in fig. 2 or 5, it being understood that these terms of orientation are used for relative positional description and clarification, which may vary accordingly depending on the orientation of the abrasive segment loading apparatus or tread sweeper.

As shown in fig. 10, a tread surface cleaner 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be mounted corresponding to a wheel of a railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the tread surface cleaner 10 includes a grinding block 110, a working surface (i.e., a grinding surface) of the grinding block 110 faces a tread surface 91 of the wheel, and when the tread surface cleaner 10 is triggered to perform a tread surface cleaning operation, the grinding block 110 acts on the tread surface 91 of the wheel to generate friction therewith, so that a relatively good adhesion state between the wheel and the rail can be maintained.

Tread surface sweeper 10 further comprises a grinding block loading and unloading device 300, an air cylinder 130 and the like according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5; the grinding block 110 is mounted and dismounted by the grinding block mounting and dismounting device 300 of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 5, the grinding block 110 can be detachably mounted on the brake head 310 of the grinding block mounting and dismounting device 300 by the grinding block mounting and dismounting device 300 and then connected to the piston rod of the air cylinder by the brake head connecting part 319, for example, the front end of the piston rod is connected with the brake head connecting part 319 by the shockproof rubber and the disc spring, thus, the shock impact can be effectively attenuated and the grinding block 110 can be prevented from being worn eccentrically. Therefore, the air cylinder 130 can drive the grinding blocks 110 via the connecting portion, the brake head 310, and the like to be opposed to each other to be frictionally applied to the wheel tread 91.

As shown in fig. 6, in order to avoid the loading and unloading operation of the grinding block 110 in the axial direction (e.g., y direction) of the wheel, the mounting surface (which is the surface opposite to the grinding surface) of the grinding block 110 of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a wedge-shaped mounting block 113, and the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 is arranged substantially in the tangential direction (e.g., x direction) of the wheel to be ground (i.e., arranged in the substantially tangential direction). Specifically, the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 may be a square block having a substantially inverted trapezoidal section, which may be convexly provided at the center of the mounting surface of the grinding block 110; alternatively, the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 may be integrally formed with the back plate (if any) of the grinding block body 111 of the grinding block 110, or may be integrally formed with the grinding block body 111 of the grinding block 110 (if no back plate is present). The particular size, convex height, etc. of wedge mount 113 is not limiting.

1-5, the abrasive segment handling apparatus 300 includes a brake head 310 having a wedge-shaped mounting slot 315, a positive stop 330, and a stop locking assembly 350; wherein the wedge-shaped mounting groove 315 is for wedge-fitting with the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 of the grinding block 110 and is arranged in a substantially tangential direction (e.g., x-direction) of the wheel; thus, both the wedge-shaped mounting groove 315 and the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 may be designed to be structurally cooperative with each other, e.g., the length of the wedge-shaped mounting groove 315 and the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 in the x-direction may be equal, and the width of the wedge-shaped mounting groove 315 and the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 in the y-direction may be substantially equal. It will be appreciated that, under the grinding condition of the grinding block 110, the impact force and vibration transmitted by the grinding block 110 will be borne by the embedded mounting structure realized by the wedge-shaped mounting groove 315 and the wedge-shaped mounting block 113, and the wedge-shaped fitting mounting manner has high structural strength and good mounting stability, and can better resist such impact force and vibration.

Specifically, the brake head 310 further has a brake head bottom surface 318 facing the grinding block 110 as shown in fig. 7, and at an end near the cylinder, a brake head attachment portion 319 for attachment to a piston rod of the cylinder is further provided. The wedge-shaped mounting slot 315 opens onto the brake head bottom surface 318. The brake head 310 may be integrally formed, such as by being integrally formed, as a one-piece structure.

The stop locking assembly 350 is capable of releasably positionally mounting the positive stop 330 on the brake head 310 such that the positive stop 330 is capable of limiting the sliding of the wedge block 113 in the wedge-shaped mounting slot 315 in a tangential direction (e.g., the x-direction), e.g., limiting the sliding of the wedge block 113 out of the wedge-shaped mounting slot 315 in the x-direction. According to the grinding block assembling and disassembling device 300 of the embodiment of the invention, the limit stopper 330 is adopted to lock the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 in the wedge-shaped mounting block 113, a larger contact surface is easily formed between the end surface of the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 and the limit stopper 330, the limit stopper 330 can better resist the impact force and vibration transmitted by the grinding block 110 in the x direction, and the grinding block is not easily abraded and/or broken by the impact, so that the service life of the grinding block assembling and disassembling device 300 can be greatly prolonged, and the risk of falling of the grinding block in the working process is small. Moreover, the grinding block loading and unloading device 300 causes key stress components (such as the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 and the limit stop 330) and the like to be not easily affected by extreme environmental factors (such as erosion of wind, sand, rain and snow), and is more beneficial to prolonging the service life of the grinding block loading and unloading device.

By contrast, it should be understood that the grinding block mounting and dismounting device described in the background art is limited by its structural design, the contact area on the mounting hook is small, the mounting gap is large, the mounting stability of the grinding block is not good (especially in the approximately tangential direction of the wheel), the impact wear or fatigue fracture of the components is easy to occur under the condition of severe partial vibration, the service life of the grinding block mounting and dismounting device is short, and there is a risk that the grinding block falls off during the working process. Moreover, the abrasive segment handling devices described in the background art are susceptible to long term exposure, to extreme environmental factors (e.g., erosion from wind, sand, rain, and snow), and further to reduced service life.

Particularly, after the limit stopper 330 is unlocked, the mounting and dismounting operations of the grinding block 110 in the x direction can be conveniently performed, so that the grinding block mounting and dismounting device 300 of the embodiment of the invention has very small requirements on the mounting space in the y direction, and the problem that the grinding block is difficult to mount and dismount in the limited framework space is well solved.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, in one embodiment, in the case that the limit stopper 330 limits the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 to slide in the wedge-shaped mounting groove 315, an end surface of the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 will make surface contact with the limit stopper 330, so as to increase the effective contact area therebetween, which is beneficial for bearing larger impact force in the x direction and resisting higher frequency vibration.

Referring to fig. 7, one end (the positive end in the x direction) of the wedge-shaped mounting groove 315 is an open wedge, and the other end is blocked (not shown), the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 can be slidably inserted into the wedge-shaped mounting groove 315 along a substantially tangential direction (for example, the x direction) from one end of the wedge-shaped mounting groove 315 until the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 abuts against the blocked end of the wedge-shaped mounting groove 315. Therefore, it is very convenient to install the grinding block 110 in the x direction, and also the installation space requirement in the y direction is very small.

Continuing with FIGS. 1-5, in one embodiment, a positive stop 330 is pivotally mounted relative to the brake head 310. Referring to fig. 8, 1 and 5, the limit stop 330 is provided with a first stop hole 333 and a second stop hole 335, which respectively penetrate the limit stop 330 in the x direction, and correspondingly, the brake head 310 may be provided with corresponding brake shoe holes, such as a first brake shoe hole 3131 and a second brake shoe hole 3133; the limit stops 330 are pivotally mounted to the brake head 310 by pivot pins 331 (e.g., resilient pins) that pass through the first stop holes 333 (which are mounted to corresponding shoe head holes); the stop locking assembly 350 has a locking pin 351 disposed in correspondence with the second stop hole 335 to prevent the rotation of the limit stop 330 about the pivot pin 331 by the locking pin 351 passing through the second stop hole 335 so as to releasably positionally mount the limit stop 330 on the brake head 310. More specifically, the limit stopper 330 is provided with a lifting lug 339, and after the rotation of the limit stopper 330 is unlocked, that is, in the case where the locking pin 351 is separated from the second stopper hole 335, the limit stopper 330 can be conveniently lifted to rotate about the pivot pin 331 by operating the lifting lug 339, and the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 of the grinding block 110 can freely slide out in the x direction, so that the disassembling operation of the grinding block 110 becomes very simple.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 7 and 1, the brake head 310 is provided with a stop-limiting groove 312, the limit stop 330 can be dropped into the stop-limiting groove 312, and the stop-limiting groove 312 can position the limit stop 330 and limit the movement of the limit stop 330 in a substantially tangential direction (e.g., x-direction). The stopper groove 312 may be implemented by being grooved substantially along the yz plane, and the width of the stopper groove 312 may be substantially equal to or slightly greater than the thickness of the stopper 330, and a corresponding shoulder 313 may be correspondingly formed above the stopper groove 312, and a first shoe receiving hole 3131 and a second shoe receiving hole 3133, which may be used for the pivot pin 331 and the locking pin 351, respectively, may be provided on the shoulder 313.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5 and 7, a locking assembly positioning and mounting block 311 is disposed on the brake head 310, and the block locking assembly 350 is slidably positioned and mounted on the brake head 310 in the x direction by means of the locking assembly positioning and mounting block 311, specifically, the locking assembly positioning and mounting block 311 may be disposed with a first pin rod mounting hole 3111 and a second pin rod mounting hole 3112 of a through hole structure, or one of them, and an operable pin rod of the block locking assembly 350 may be slidably inserted through the first pin rod mounting hole 3111 or the second pin rod mounting hole 3112 and be positioned and mounted relative thereto, for example.

Taking the example of the operative pin in the chock locking assembly 350 being a U-shaped pin 354, referring to fig. 5 and 9, the chock locking assembly 350 may include a locking pin 351, a resilient return element 352, a stop ring 353, a U-shaped pin 354, a manually operable portion 355, and a locking nut 356. U-shaped pin 354 includes a left pin 3541 and a right pin 3542. resilient return element 352 may be embodied as, for example, a compression spring that may be fitted over left pin 3541. The locking pin 351 may be connected to the upper end of the left pin rod 3541 in an interference fit; the stop ring 353 is fixedly connected to the second pin mounting hole 3112 by a screw thread, and may be a locking screw sleeve having an external thread, the inner diameter of the stop ring 353 is larger than the outer diameter of the left pin 3541, and the left pin 3541 may penetrate through the stop ring 353 and freely move up and down relative to the stop ring 353. The manual operating part 355 may be mounted on the right pin rod 3542, for example, near the upper end of the right pin rod 3542, and the manual operating part 355 may be a handle or the like, which protrudes outward in the y direction to facilitate the pressing operation. The locking nut 356 may be screw-engaged with the upper end of the right pin rod 3542, thereby locking the manual operating part 355 at the upper end of the right pin rod 3542 in a nut fixing manner.

The elastic restoring member 352 may be located in the second pin lever mounting hole 3112, and upper and lower ends thereof respectively abut against the locking pin 351 and the stopper ring 353; the right pin rod 3542 is vertically slidably inserted through the first pin rod mounting hole 3111, and the left pin rod 3541 and the locking pin 351 fixedly connected to the upper end thereof are vertically slidably inserted through the second pin rod mounting hole 3112.

By pressing the operating manual operating part 355 downward, the locking pin 351 can be moved downward together with the U-shaped pin rod 354 and out of the second stopper hole 335 while the elastic restoring element 352 is compressed in preparation for providing the force required for restoring the locking pin 351. In the case where the downward pressing operation is canceled, the compressed elastic restoring member 352 pushes up the locking pin 351 to pass the locking pin 351 through the second stopper hole 335 until the bump stopper 330 is locked; it will be appreciated that the clevis pin 354 will also reset as the locking pin 351 moves upwardly at this time. Specifically, an upper stage of the second pin lever mounting hole 3112 may be provided with an inner step surface, and a cylindrical surface of the locking pin 351 may also be provided with a step, which, when abutting against the step surface of the second pin lever mounting hole 3112, indicates that the locking pin 351 has been pushed up to the bottom, the locking pin 351 passes through the second stopper hole 335, and the resetting of the entire stopper locking assembly 350 is completed.

Specifically, the first pin lever mounting hole 3111 and the second pin lever mounting hole 3112 are through holes arranged substantially in parallel, and the second pin lever mounting hole 3112 is relatively short, thereby providing a movable space dimension in the up-down direction for the manual operating portion 355 on the U-shaped pin lever 354.

In the process of disassembling the grinding stone 110, referring to fig. 5 and 1, the locking pin 351 can be moved downward together with the U-shaped pin rod 354 and away from the second stone hole 335 by pressing the manual operation part 355 downward, and then the upper and lower limiting of the wedge-shaped mounting stone 113 by the limit stopper 330 is cancelled by operating the lifting lug 339 to pull the limit stopper 330 to rotate relative to the pivot pin 331 and to leave the stopper limiting groove 312, so that the grinding stone 110 can be slid out in the x direction to complete the disassembling operation.

In the process of mounting the grinding block 110, referring to fig. 5 and 1, the wedge-shaped mounting block 113 is first aligned with respect to the wedge-shaped mounting groove 315 and inserted into the wedge-shaped mounting groove 315, then the manual operation portion 355 is pressed downward and the limit stopper 330 is dropped into the stopper limiting groove 312, the manual operation portion 355 is released, and the compressed elastic return member 352 pushes up the locking pin 351 so that the locking pin 351 passes through the second stopper hole 335 until the limit stopper 330 is locked (referring to the mounting state illustrated in fig. 5), and the mounting operation is completed.

Therefore, the mounting and dismounting operations of the grinding block 110 are also simple, the requirement on the axial space of the wheel is small, and the grinding block is very suitable for the operation on the existing vehicle.

It should be noted that the grinding block handling apparatus 300 of the above embodiment can lock the limit stopper 330 by the two-point positioning characteristic of the pin, the locking and unlocking of the limit stopper 330 is also convenient and reliable, the internal structure of the grinding block handling apparatus 300 is less affected by vibration (especially high frequency), and the operation reliability is better.

The implementation of the stopper locking assembly 350 is not limited to the above example, and in other alternative embodiments, the U-shaped pin rod 354 as an operable pin rod may be replaced with an L-shaped pin rod, the upper end of which is fixedly connected with the locking pin 351 and passes through the second pin rod mounting hole 3112, the upper end of which is transversely disposed below the positioning mounting block 311, and the manual operation part 355 may be mounted on the transversely disposed pin rod for convenient operation.

It should be noted that the term "substantially" in the above "substantially tangential direction" or "substantially tangential to …" reflects that the listed "tangential direction" may be changed to some extent (i.e., not limited to a strict "tangential direction"), such as within a tolerance range acceptable to those skilled in the art, or such as to an extent that does not substantially increase the installation space in the axial direction of the wheel as would be understood by those skilled in the art in connection with the purpose of this disclosure.

The above examples mainly illustrate the abrasive compact attaching and detaching device, the tread surface sweeper, and the railway vehicle using the tread surface sweeper according to the embodiments of the present invention. Although only a few embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be embodied in many other forms without departing from the spirit or scope thereof. Accordingly, the present examples and embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and various modifications and substitutions may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.