阅读说明：本技术 一种远志的中小极性抗老年痴呆活性成分的制备方法 (Preparation method of polygala tenuifolia medium and small polarity anti-senile dementia active component ) 是由 张翼 梁金月 张永平 孟德岩 刘亚月 聂影影 杨静明 杨文聪 千忠吉 宋采 于 2020-05-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种远志的中小极性抗老年痴呆活性成分的制备方法。该方法将远志粉碎得到远志生粉后,采用超声提取法,利用乙酸乙酯和石油醚的混合溶剂对远志生粉进行提取。本发明利用乙酸乙酯和石油醚的混合溶剂作为提取溶剂,采用超声波法对远志的中低极性抗老年痴呆活性成分进行提取,使其有效成分充分提取出来,且提取工艺稳定,利用正交试验分别得出了以抗氧化活性和乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性为指标的提取工艺,该提取工艺制备的得到的远志的中小极性抗老年痴呆活性成分与多不饱和脂肪酸相溶性较好,同时具有显著的抗氧化活性、乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性和对神经细胞损伤的保护活性,对于后期抗氧化剂、乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂和神经保护剂的研发具有重要意义。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a polygala tenuifolia medium and small polarity anti-senile dementia active component. The method comprises the steps of crushing polygala tenuifolia to obtain polygala tenuifolia raw powder, and extracting the polygala tenuifolia raw powder by using a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether by adopting an ultrasonic extraction method. The method uses a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether as an extraction solvent, adopts an ultrasonic method to extract the low-and-medium-polarity anti-senile dementia active ingredients of polygala tenuifolia, fully extracts the active ingredients, has a stable extraction process, and respectively obtains the extraction process taking the antioxidant activity and the acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity as indexes by using an orthogonal test.)

1. A preparation method of a medium and small polarity anti-senile dementia active component of polygala root is characterized in that polygala root is crushed to obtain polygala root raw powder, and the polygala root raw powder is extracted by an ultrasonic extraction method by using a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the polygala tenuifolia is roots of polygala tenuifolia or roots of polygala ovalifolia.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic extraction method is 280-320W.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether is 1-9: 1.

5. the method according to claim 4, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether is 1:1, 7:3 or 9: 1.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the mass of the polygala tenuifolia raw powder to the volume of the mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether is 1: 20-40.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the number of times of extraction by the ultrasonic extraction method is 2 to 4 times.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fineness of the polygala tenuifolia raw powder is 75-95 meshes.

9. A medium-small polarity anti-senile dementia active component of radix Polygalae prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8.

10. The use of the medium to small polarity anti-senile dementia active ingredient of polygala tenuifolia as claimed in claim 9 for the preparation of antioxidant, acetylcholinesterase inhibitor or neuroprotective agent.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines. More particularly relates to a preparation method of a polygala tenuifolia medium and small polarity anti-senile dementia active component.

Background

Polygala tenuifolia Willd is dried root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd or Polygala sibirica L, and contains abundant effective components such as glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids and polysaccharides. The pharmacological activity of polygala root is mainly manifested by promoting intelligence, soothing nerves, improving intellectual disturbance, increasing cerebral blood flow and the like, and the action mechanism of polygala root is related to effectively reducing the activity of cholinesterase.

At present, the reported preparation method and application of polygala tenuifolia extract comprise: the polygala tenuifolia extract prepared by crushing polygala tenuifolia seedlings, performing ultrasonic extraction by ethanol, performing reduced pressure concentration and the like has the effects of reducing blood sugar, resisting dementia, resisting aging and stress; reflux-extracting with 30-70% ethanol for 2-3 times, each time for 1-2 h, concentrating under reduced pressure, enriching by macroporous resin, concentrating, drying, and the like to obtain cortex et radix Polygalae extract with platelet aggregation inhibiting effect; after extracting the polygala total saponins, adding hydrochloric acid for dissolving, boiling for hydrolysis, cooling, filtering, washing and the like to prepare a polygala extract which has the functions of calming nerves and eliminating phlegm; the effective component B obtained by extracting the mixture of the polygala tenuifolia alcohol extract and the water extract with petroleum ether, recovering and concentrating has the function of resisting Parkinson's disease. It can be seen that the effective components and the efficacies of the polygala tenuifolia extracts obtained by different extraction process conditions are different. However, no preparation method of the polygala tenuifolia medium and small polar substances exists at present, and a method for extracting the polygala tenuifolia medium and small polar substances, which is simple and convenient to operate and rapid, is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provide a preparation method of a polygala tenuifolia medium and small polarity anti-senile dementia active component.

The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a polygala tenuifolia medium and small polarity anti-senile dementia active component.

The invention also aims to provide the active component of polygala tenuifolia for treating the middle and small-polarity senile dementia, which is prepared by the method.

The invention also aims to provide application of the polygala tenuifolia medium and small polarity anti-senile dementia active ingredient in preparation of an antioxidant, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor or a neuroprotective agent.

The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention firstly provides a preparation method of a medium and small polarity anti-senile dementia active component of polygala tenuifolia, which comprises the steps of crushing polygala tenuifolia to obtain crude polygala tenuifolia powder, and extracting the crude polygala tenuifolia powder by using a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether by adopting an ultrasonic extraction method.

Preferably, the polygala root is the root of polygala tenuifolia or the root of polygala ovalifolia.

Preferably, the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic extraction method is 280-320W.

More preferably, the ultrasonic power of the ultrasonic extraction method is 300W.

Preferably, the volume ratio of the mixed solvent of the ethyl acetate and the petroleum ether is 1-9: 1.

more preferably, the volume ratio of the mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether is 1:1, 7:3 or 9: 1.

Preferably, the ratio of the mass of the polygala tenuifolia raw powder to the volume of the mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether is 1: 20-40.

More preferably, the ratio of the mass of the polygala tenuifolia raw powder to the volume of the mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether is 1: 30.

Preferably, the extraction times of the ultrasonic extraction method are 2-4 times.

More preferably, the extraction times of the ultrasonic extraction method are 3-4 times.

Still more preferably, the number of extraction times of the ultrasonic extraction method is 3 or 4.

Preferably, the fineness of the polygala tenuifolia raw powder is 75-95 meshes.

More preferably, the fineness of the polygala tenuifolia raw powder is 85 meshes.

The application of the polygala tenuifolia medium and small polarity anti-senile dementia active component in preparing an antioxidant, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor or a neuroprotective agent also belongs to the protection scope of the invention.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention provides a preparation method of a polygala tenuifolia medium and low polarity anti-senile dementia active ingredient, which utilizes a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and petroleum ether as an extraction solvent, adopts an ultrasonic method to extract the medium and low polarity anti-senile dementia active ingredient of polygala tenuifolia, fully extracts the active ingredient of polygala tenuifolia, and has stable extraction process; in addition, the polygala tenuifolia has good medium and small polarity senile dementia resistant active ingredients and polyunsaturated fatty acids, has obvious antioxidant activity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity, has good protection effect on nerve cell injury, and provides a foundation for the research and development of later antioxidants, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and nerve protective agents.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is the activity curve of the active components of polygala tenuifolia for treating senile dementia with medium and small polarity under different ultrasonic power conditions.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the activity curves of the anti-senile dementia active ingredients with medium and small polarity from Polygala tenuifolia Willd obtained under different extraction solvent ratio conditions.

FIG. 3 is the activity curve of the active components of cortex et radix Polygalae for treating senile dementia with medium and small polarity obtained under different extraction times.

FIG. 4 is the activity curve of the anti-senile dementia active components with medium and small polarity from cortex et radix Polygalae obtained under different ratio of liquid to solid.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.

Unless otherwise indicated, reagents and materials used in the following examples are commercially available.