阅读说明：本技术 一种利用固体废弃物制备的矿物掺合料及其制备方法 (Mineral admixture prepared from solid waste and preparation method thereof ) 是由 殷素红 郑鹏飞 黎书洋 于 2020-03-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种利用固体废弃物制备的矿物掺合料及其制备方法。本发明的矿物掺合料的原材料均为固体废弃物,所述原材料包括开采建设用碎石的废石屑(粉)、加工建筑装饰用天然石材的抛光粉、开采铅锌矿的尾矿渣和转炉炼钢炉底渣。本发明充分利用四种废渣各自的特点,通过分别烘干、复掺、混合粉磨、混合搅拌制备矿物掺合料,实现协同利用,将固体废弃物变废为宝,缓解了矿物掺合料紧缺的问题,同时解决了废弃物占用土地、污染环境的问题。(The invention discloses a mineral admixture prepared by utilizing solid waste and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials of the mineral admixture are solid wastes, and comprise waste stone chips (powder) of broken stones for mining construction, polishing powder for processing natural stones for architectural decoration, tailing slag of mining lead-zinc ores and converter steelmaking bottom slag. The invention fully utilizes the respective characteristics of the four waste residues, prepares the mineral admixture by respectively drying, re-doping, mixing and grinding, mixing and stirring, realizes the synergistic utilization, changes the solid waste into valuable, relieves the problem of shortage of the mineral admixture, and simultaneously solves the problems of land occupation and environmental pollution of the waste.)

1. The mineral admixture prepared by utilizing solid waste is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:

20-40 parts of waste stone chips of the broken stones for mining and construction;

20-30 parts of polishing powder for processing natural stone for architectural decoration;

15-30 parts of tailings slag for mining lead-zinc ores;

20-30 parts of converter steelmaking bottom slag.

2. The mineral admixture according to claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the mineral admixture is 350m²/kg -450m²Per kg, the percent of residue on sieve of 45 μm is 10% -25%.

3. The mineral admixture produced from solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the water content is not more than 1.0%, the sulfur trioxide content is not more than 3.5%, and the chloride ion content is not more than 0.06%.

4. The mineral admixture produced from solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the waste rock chips of the mining construction rock debris are one or more of granite waste rock chips and limestone waste rock chips.

5. The mineral admixture prepared by using solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the polishing powder for processing natural stone for architectural decoration comprises at least one of a polishing powder of metamorphic rock, a polishing powder of granite, and a polishing powder of marble.

6. The mineral admixture produced from solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the polishing powder for natural stone for processing architectural decoration is not more than 2.0%.

7. The mineral admixture produced using solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the tailings from the extraction of lead-zinc ore is tailings from a lead-zinc ore deposit associated with granite; the water content of the tailings slag for exploiting the lead-zinc ore is not more than 1.5 percent.

8. The mineral admixture prepared by using the solid waste as set forth in claim 1, wherein the converter steelmaking bottom slag is a slag obtained by selecting iron from a steel-slag mixture formed by mixing splashes, scavenges and slag in a furnace pit of converter steelmaking.

9. A method for preparing the mineral admixture using solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

(1) carrying out vacuum filter pressing on the polishing powder for processing the natural stone for architectural decoration, then drying until the water content is not more than 2.0%, and drying the tailing slag of the original mining lead-zinc ore until the water content is not more than 1.5%;

(2) then according to the mass percentage, the waste stone chips of the broken stones for mining construction, the tailing slag for mining the lead-zinc ores and the converter steelmaking bottom slag are measured and proportioned, and then mixed and ground by a ball mill to obtain a mixture;

(3) and (3) metering and proportioning the mixture obtained in the step (2) and polishing powder for processing natural stone for architectural decoration, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the mineral admixture prepared by utilizing solid waste.

Technical Field

The invention relates to resource utilization of solid waste in the field of building materials, in particular to a mineral admixture prepared from the solid waste and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The environmental protection, the reduction of the consumption of natural resources and the improvement of the performance of cement concrete are two most important problems faced by the cement and concrete industries at present, and the mineral admixture can be fully utilized to effectively solve the problems. Mineral admixtures are not yet defined, and inorganic mineral substances added to cement, inorganic mineral fines added to mortar and concrete, are called mineral admixtures, and are generally called admixtures for cement admixtures added to cement and mortar and concrete. The application of the mineral admixture can reduce the usage amount of portland cement clinker or portland cement on one hand, and effectively utilize some solid wastes, thereby reducing the load of the building material industry and other industrial industries on resources and environment; on the other hand, the mineral soil admixture has lubricating or water-retaining action, or pozzolanic activity, or micro-aggregate effect for filling pores, and has obvious improvement effect on various performances such as working performance, mechanical property, erosion resistance and durability of cement, mortar and concrete, so the mineral soil admixture becomes an indispensable component material in the cement, mortar and concrete, and the market is in short supply due to large use amount. Therefore, the preparation of mineral admixtures from solid wastes is one of the current research hotspots.

A large amount of waste stone chips (powder) are generated in the process of mining the broken stones for construction, the waste stone chips are mostly used for road filling at present, the utilization value is low, and if the waste stone chips are properly processed into mineral admixture, the problems of mineral admixture shortage and waste stone chip pollution to the environment are solved, and the resource utilization rate is improved. The crushed stone for construction is mostly granite or limestone, the granite is used as a mineral admixture after being ground to mainly exert a micro-aggregate effect, and part of quartz minerals generate lattice distortion and amorphization after being ground to have certain volcanic ash activity; the fine limestone powder has good lubrication and water retention properties, can improve the workability of the mixture, can promote early hydration, and can improve the activity index of the mineral admixture 7 d.

In the process of processing natural stone for architectural decoration, the surface needs to be subjected to water grinding and polishing treatment to generate a large amount of polishingThe light powder slurry has high water content and fine particles, and if the light powder slurry is not utilized, not only a large amount of land is occupied, but also water and soil are polluted, and the ecological environment is damaged. Firstly, the polishing slurry is dehydrated and reduced and then dried to be used as mineral admixture. The stone polishing powder has small granularity and large specific surface area which is more than 500m²The polishing powder is not used independently, and the specific surface area is large, so that the water requirement is obviously increased, and the working performance of a mixture is influenced.

The lead-zinc ore deposit related to granite is a main lead-zinc ore deposit type in China, and the tailing slag belongs to granite. With the mining of mines for a long time, the waste tailing slag is accumulated on the ground surface, occupies cultivated land and harms ecology. The tailing slag powder is used as mineral admixture and has the same function as the waste stone chips (powder) generated in the process of mining granite macadam for construction.

The bottom slag of the converter steelmaking furnace is the waste slag of the iron selection of a steel-slag mixture formed by mixing splashed substances and cleaning substances of the converter steelmaking with the slag in a furnace pit, and the test analysis is carried out on a plurality of samples, and the results show that the chemical components of the bottom slag are mainly CaO and Fe₂O₃、SiO₂，Fe₂O₃The content is higher and can reach 20 to 30 percent, A1₂O₃The content is lower, the MgO content is 2.5-8.0%, the mineral composition contains more vitreous substances, has the similar point with the granulated blast furnace slag, and has higher activity when being used as a mineral admixture.

The variety and yield of the solid waste are closely related to the natural resource conditions and the industrial layout of each region of each province and city. The types and the yields of the solid wastes are different, and the resource utilization methods are also different. Such as: the single solid waste with better performance is used as the mineral admixture, and other solid wastes with poorer performance cannot be consumed or the consumption amount is very small, so that the local solid waste needs to be fully utilized, the respective advantages of the local solid waste are made good for deficiencies according to the respective characteristics of different solid wastes, and the composite mineral admixture is prepared.

The mineral admixture is prepared by synergistically utilizing waste stone chips (powder) of broken stones for mining construction, polishing powder for processing natural stones for architectural decoration, tailings slag for mining lead-zinc ores and converter steelmaking bottom slag, and reports of related prior art are not found at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a mineral admixture prepared by utilizing solid waste and a preparation method thereof.

The invention aims to provide a mineral admixture prepared by synergistically utilizing solid wastes and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art, and particularly provides a mineral admixture prepared by synergistically utilizing waste stone chips (powder) of broken stones for mining construction, polishing powder for processing natural stones for architectural decoration, tailing slag for mining lead-zinc ores and converter steelmaking bottom slag, wherein the mineral admixture can be used as a cement admixture, mortar and concrete admixture.

The invention also aims to provide a method for preparing the mineral admixture.

The purpose of the invention is realized by at least one of the following technical solutions.

The invention provides a mineral admixture prepared by utilizing solid waste, which is prepared from waste stone chips (powder) of broken stones for mining construction, polishing powder for processing natural stones for architectural decoration, tailing slag for mining lead-zinc ores and converter steelmaking bottom slag as raw materials.

The invention provides a mineral admixture prepared by utilizing solid waste, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:

20-40 parts of waste stone chips (powder) of the broken stones for mining and construction;

20-30 parts of polishing powder for processing natural stone for architectural decoration;

15-30 parts of tailings slag for mining lead-zinc ores;

20-30 parts of converter steelmaking bottom slag.

Further, the specific surface area thereof was 350m²/kg-450m²Per kg, the percent of residue on sieve of 45 μm is 10% -25%.

Furthermore, the water content is not more than 1.0%, the sulfur trioxide content is not more than 3.5%, and the chloride ion content is not more than 0.06%.

Furthermore, the waste stone chips (powder) of the broken stone for mining construction are more than one of granite waste stone chips and limestone waste stone chips.

Further, the polishing powder for processing the natural stone for architectural decoration comprises more than one of polishing powder of metamorphic rock, polishing powder of granite and polishing powder of marble.

Further, the water content of the polishing powder for processing the natural stone for architectural decoration is not more than 2.0%.

Further, the tailings from the exploitation of lead-zinc ores are tailings from lead-zinc deposits associated with granite.

Further, the water content of the tailings slag for exploiting the lead-zinc ores is not more than 1.5%.

Further, the converter steelmaking bottom slag is waste slag obtained after iron selection of a steel-slag mixture formed by mixing splashes, cleaning materials and furnace slag in a furnace pit of converter steelmaking.

According to the determination method of appendix A of JG/T486-2015 composite admixture for concrete, the fluidity ratio of the mineral admixture prepared by using solid waste is 95-100%, the 7d activity index is 65-77%, and the 28d activity index is 70-83%.

The invention provides a method for preparing the mineral admixture prepared by utilizing solid waste, which comprises the following steps:

(1) carrying out vacuum filter pressing on the polishing powder for processing the natural stone for architectural decoration, then drying until the water content is not more than 2.0%, and drying the tailing slag of the original mining lead-zinc ore until the water content is not more than 1.5%;

(2) then according to the mass percentage, the waste stone chips (powder) of the broken stones for mining construction, the tailing slag of mining lead-zinc ores and the converter steelmaking bottom slag are measured and proportioned, and then are mixed and ground by a ball mill to obtain a mixture;

(3) and (3) metering and proportioning the mixture obtained in the step (2) and polishing powder for processing natural stone for architectural decoration, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the mineral admixture prepared by utilizing solid waste.

The mineral admixture prepared by utilizing the solid waste has a fine particle fineness or is fine per se or has a reasonable fineness after being ground, and also has a micro-aggregate effect as the mineral admixture. The waste stone chips (powder) generated in the process of mining the granite macadam for construction have the same effect as the tailing slag of mining the lead-zinc ore, mainly play a role in micro-aggregate effect and have lower activity; the polishing powder for processing natural stone for architectural decoration has similar effect, but is unfavorable for the working performance of the mixture due to the large specific surface area, but is favorable for improving the 7d activity index. The waste stone chips (powder) of the limestone macadam for mining construction can improve the workability of the mixture, promote early hydration and improve the 7d activity index of the mineral admixture. The converter steelmaking bottom slag contains more vitreous substances, has similarity with granulated blast furnace slag, and has higher activity at 7d and 28 d. Therefore, the characteristics of the four solid wastes are utilized to make up for the deficiencies of the four solid wastes and exert the advantages of the four solid wastes, so that the performance of the prepared composite mineral admixture can be improved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) in the mineral admixture prepared by utilizing the solid waste, the four solid waste raw materials have different properties, but SiO is in the chemical components₂，A1₂O₃、Fe₂O₃The total content of CaO and MgO is more than 90.0 percent; in mineral composition or containing elements which undergo lattice distortion and uncertainty after grindingFormed quartz minerals, or more vitreous substances, and therefore have ingredients and activities as mineral admixtures;

(2) the mineral admixture prepared by using the solid waste has large specific surface area, good particle grading and high activity index, and can meet the requirements of active mixed materials in GB/T2847-2005 pozzolanic mixed materials used in cement and the requirements of common grade III or II in JG/T486-2015 concrete composite admixtures;

(3) the mineral admixture prepared by utilizing the solid wastes belongs to a green environment-friendly building material, can realize the complete consumption of various local solid wastes by synergistically utilizing the four solid wastes, solves the problems of land occupation, soil and water pollution caused by the solid wastes and mineral admixture shortage, and has great environmental benefit and economic benefit.

Detailed Description

The following examples are presented to further illustrate the practice of the invention, but the practice and protection of the invention is not limited thereto. It is noted that the processes described below, if not specifically described in detail, are all realizable or understandable by those skilled in the art with reference to the prior art. The reagents or apparatus used are not indicated to the manufacturer, and are considered to be conventional products available by commercial purchase.

In the following examples, the preparation method of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

(1) solid waste chemical composition and mineral composition analysis: carrying out chemical composition and mineral composition analysis on the same batch of waste stone chips (powder) of the broken stones for mining construction, polishing powder for processing natural stones for architectural decoration, tailing slag for mining lead-zinc ores and converter steelmaking bottom slag;

(2) the design of the compound mixing proportion is as follows: according to the analysis result, the complex doping proportion design is carried out, and the principle is that SiO in the chemical composition is used as the basis₂，A1₂O₃Judging the activity of the CaO content, the mineral composition type and the content of the vitreous substance so as to select the mixing amount;

(3) respectively drying: polishing powder for processing natural stone for architectural decoration in raw materials is subjected to vacuum filter pressing and then dried until the water content is not more than 2.0 percent, and tailing slag for mining lead-zinc ore in the raw materials is dried until the water content is not more than 1.5 percent;

(4) mixing and grinding: according to the mass percentage, the waste stone chips (powder) of the broken stones for mining construction, the tailing slag for mining the lead-zinc ore and the bottom slag of the converter steelmaking furnace are mixed and ground by a ball mill after being measured and proportioned;

(5) mixing and stirring: and (3) metering and proportioning the mixture obtained after grinding and polishing powder for processing natural stone for building decoration according to the mass percentage, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the mineral admixture.