阅读说明：本技术 一种基于稀土改性的高性能磷铜合金 (High-performance phosphorus-copper alloy based on rare earth modification ) 是由 张海飞 于 2021-06-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种基于稀土改性的高性能磷铜合金,所述磷铜合金的组成成分及质量百分比为：锡5-8％、铅1-2％、磷0.3-0.7％、镍0.2-0.4％、锌0.2-0.6％、镧0.01-0.03％、铈0.02-0.05％、铼0.02-0.05％、其他杂质≦0.5％,余量为铜；本发明将传统的锡磷铜合金中的含磷量增加到最高0.7％,大大增强了合金的弹性和耐磨性,同时添加稀土元素镧、铈和铼,协同作用有助于细化晶粒,提高合金的强度、韧性、耐腐蚀性和抗氧化性,同时还可以对铜、镍和锡具有合金化作用,降低合金活度,增加合金相互溶解度,明显提高合金的抗氧化能力,对合金表面具备改性作用,提高表面质量,延长使用寿命；添加铼元素,有助于提高合金的高温强度,以提高稀土纳米磷铜合金的刚性强度及无甚损其延展性,成分稳定均匀,组织致密,表面纯净。(A high-performance phosphorus-copper alloy based on rare earth modification comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-8% of tin, 1-2% of lead, 0.3-0.7% of phosphorus, 0.2-0.4% of nickel, 0.2-0.6% of zinc, 0.01-0.03% of lanthanum, 0.02-0.05% of cerium, 0.02-0.05% of rhenium, less than or equal to 0.5% of other impurities, and the balance of copper; the phosphorus content in the traditional tin-phosphorus-copper alloy is increased to 0.7 percent at most, so that the elasticity and the wear resistance of the alloy are greatly enhanced, and meanwhile, the rare earth elements of lanthanum, cerium and rhenium are added, so that the synergistic effect is favorable for refining crystal grains, the strength, the toughness, the corrosion resistance and the oxidation resistance of the alloy are improved, and meanwhile, the alloy can also have an alloying effect on copper, nickel and tin, so that the alloy activity is reduced, the mutual solubility of the alloy is increased, the oxidation resistance of the alloy is obviously improved, the alloy surface is modified, the surface quality is improved, and the service life is prolonged; the rhenium element is added, which is beneficial to improving the high-temperature strength of the alloy, so that the rigidity strength of the rare earth nano phosphorus-copper alloy is improved, the ductility of the rare earth nano phosphorus-copper alloy is not greatly damaged, the components are stable and uniform, the structure is compact, and the surface is pure.)

1. The high-performance phosphorus-copper alloy based on rare earth modification is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 5-8% of tin, 1-2% of lead, 0.3-0.7% of phosphorus, 0.2-0.4% of nickel, 0.2-0.6% of zinc, 0.01-0.03% of lanthanum, 0.02-0.05% of cerium, 0.02-0.05% of rhenium, less than or equal to 0.5% of other impurities, and the balance of copper.

2. The rare earth modification-based high-performance phosphorus-copper alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phosphorus-copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6 to 8 percent of tin, 1 to 1.5 percent of lead, 0.3 to 0.6 percent of phosphorus, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of nickel, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of zinc, 0.01 to 0.02 percent of lanthanum, 0.02 to 0.04 percent of cerium, 0.02 to 0.04 percent of rhenium, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of other impurities, and the balance of copper.

3. The rare earth modification-based high-performance phosphorus-copper alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phosphorus-copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7% of tin, 1.5% of lead, 0.5% of phosphorus, 0.35% of nickel, 0.4% of zinc, 0.02% of lanthanum, 0.02% of cerium, 0.04% of rhenium, less than or equal to 0.5% of other impurities, and the balance of copper.

4. A method for making a rare earth modified high performance phosphor copper alloy as claimed in claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:

(a) preheating a medium-frequency induction smelting furnace, weighing tin, lead, phosphorus, nickel and zinc according to the proportion, feeding, heating to 1300-;

(b) casting the alloy into a solid alloy ingot by adopting a horizontal continuous vibration casting method, wherein the casting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃;

(c) carrying out high-temperature homogenizing annealing on the alloy ingot obtained in the step (b);

(d) carrying out cold rough rolling on the annealed alloy ingot, wherein the processing rate is 70-80%;

(e) performing intermediate annealing on the plate subjected to the cold rough rolling to obtain a phosphorus-copper alloy plate strip, wherein the annealing temperature is 450-500 ℃, and the annealing time is 2-3 h;

(f) further rolling the phosphor-copper alloy plate strip by a cold rolling mill;

(g) and annealing the cold-rolled strip at low temperature of 150 ℃ and 250 ℃ for 2.5-3.5 h.

5. The rare earth modification-based high-performance phosphor copper alloy as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the step (c), the high-temperature homogenization annealing is divided into two stages, the temperature of furnace gas in the first stage is set to 310-; the temperature of furnace gas in the second stage is raised to 580-600 ℃, the temperature of the material coil is 480-520 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5-7 h.

6. The rare earth modification-based high-performance phosphorus copper alloy according to claim 3, wherein in step (d), the reduction of the cold rough rolling pass is 14mm to 13mm to 11mm to 8.6mm to 6 mm.

7. The rare earth modified high performance phosphorus copper alloy of claim 3, wherein in step (f), the cold rolling pass reduction is in the range of 6mm to 4mm to 2mm to 1.2 mm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of metal composite materials, in particular to a high-performance phosphorus-copper alloy based on rare earth modification.

Background

Tin-phosphor bronze is a common phosphor-copper alloy, can obtain better mechanical property through the action of Sn-P elements and cold work hardening, is easy to process and punch elastic elements with various complex shapes, has excellent elastic property, has the characteristics of corrosion resistance, wear resistance and no magnetism, and is an elastic material with the largest use amount and the widest application range in the current copper-based elastic alloy material; however, in the continuous casting process, the casting blank is cooled at a high speed, and segregation and pore generation are easy to occur in the solidification process, so that the quality of the tin-phosphor bronze product in China still has a small difference compared with that in developed countries, the wear resistance and the surface quality are poor, and improvement on components and a preparation method is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a high-performance phosphorus copper alloy based on rare earth modification, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5-8% of tin, 1-2% of lead, 0.3-0.7% of phosphorus, 0.2-0.4% of nickel, 0.2-0.6% of zinc, 0.01-0.03% of lanthanum, 0.02-0.05% of cerium, 0.02-0.05% of rhenium, less than or equal to 0.5% of other impurities, and the balance of copper.

Preferably, the phosphor-copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6 to 8 percent of tin, 1 to 1.5 percent of lead, 0.3 to 0.6 percent of phosphorus, 0.25 to 0.35 percent of nickel, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of zinc, 0.01 to 0.02 percent of lanthanum, 0.02 to 0.04 percent of cerium, 0.02 to 0.04 percent of rhenium, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of other impurities, and the balance of copper.

Preferably, the phosphor-copper alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7% of tin, 1.5% of lead, 0.5% of phosphorus, 0.35% of nickel, 0.4% of zinc, 0.02% of lanthanum, 0.02% of cerium, 0.04% of rhenium, less than or equal to 0.5% of other impurities, and the balance of copper.

The preparation method of the rare earth modification-based high-performance phosphor-copper alloy comprises the following steps:

(a) preheating a medium-frequency induction smelting furnace, weighing tin, lead, phosphorus, nickel and zinc according to the proportion, feeding, heating to 1300-;

(b) casting the alloy into a solid alloy ingot by adopting a horizontal continuous vibration casting method, wherein the casting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃;

(c) carrying out high-temperature homogenizing annealing on the alloy ingot obtained in the step (b);

(d) carrying out cold rough rolling on the annealed alloy ingot, wherein the processing rate is 70-80%;

(e) performing intermediate annealing on the plate subjected to the cold rough rolling to obtain a phosphorus-copper alloy plate strip, wherein the annealing temperature is 450-500 ℃, and the annealing time is 2-3 h;

(f) further rolling the phosphor-copper alloy plate strip by a cold rolling mill;

(g) and annealing the cold-rolled strip at low temperature of 150 ℃ and 250 ℃ for 2.5-3.5 h.

Preferably, in the step (c), the high-temperature homogenizing annealing is divided into two stages, wherein the temperature of furnace gas in the first stage is set to be 310-; the temperature of furnace gas in the second stage is raised to 580-600 ℃, the temperature of the material coil is 480-520 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5-7 h.

Preferably, in the step (d), the reduction of the cold rough rolling pass is 14mm-13mm-11mm-8.6mm-6 mm.

Preferably, in the step (f), the reduction of the cold rolling pass is 6mm-4mm-2mm-1.2 mm.

Has the advantages that:

the phosphorus content in the traditional tin-phosphorus-copper alloy is increased to 0.7 percent at most, so that the elasticity and the wear resistance of the alloy are greatly enhanced, and meanwhile, the rare earth elements of lanthanum, cerium and rhenium are added, so that the synergistic effect is favorable for refining crystal grains, the strength, the toughness, the corrosion resistance and the oxidation resistance of the alloy are improved, and meanwhile, the alloy can also have an alloying effect on copper, nickel and tin, so that the alloy activity is reduced, the mutual solubility of the alloy is increased, the oxidation resistance of the alloy is obviously improved, the alloy surface is modified, the surface quality is improved, and the service life is prolonged; the rhenium element is added, which is beneficial to improving the high-temperature strength of the alloy, so that the rigidity strength of the rare earth nano phosphorus-copper alloy is improved, the ductility of the rare earth nano phosphorus-copper alloy is not greatly damaged, the components are stable and uniform, the structure is compact, and the surface is pure.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of enhancing understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

A high-performance phosphorus-copper alloy based on rare earth modification comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7% of tin, 1.5% of lead, 0.5% of phosphorus, 0.35% of nickel, 0.4% of zinc, 0.02% of lanthanum, 0.02% of cerium, 0.04% of rhenium, less than or equal to 0.5% of other impurities, and the balance of copper.

The preparation method of the rare earth modification-based high-performance phosphor-copper alloy comprises the following steps:

(a) preheating a medium-frequency induction smelting furnace, weighing tin, lead, phosphorus, nickel and zinc according to the proportion, feeding, heating to 1300-;

(b) casting the alloy into a solid alloy ingot by adopting a horizontal continuous vibration casting method, wherein the casting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃;

(c) carrying out high-temperature homogenizing annealing on the alloy ingot obtained in the step (b); wherein, the high-temperature homogenizing annealing is divided into two stages, the temperature of furnace gas in the first stage is set to be 310-; the temperature of furnace gas in the second stage is increased to 580-600 ℃, the temperature of the material roll is 480-520 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 6 h;

(d) carrying out cold rough rolling on the annealed alloy ingot, wherein the processing rate is 70%, and the pass reduction of the cold rough rolling is 14-13-11-8.6-6 mm;

(e) performing intermediate annealing on the plate subjected to the cold rough rolling to obtain a phosphorus-copper alloy plate strip, wherein the annealing temperature is 450-500 ℃, and the annealing time is 2.5 hours;

(f) further rolling the phosphor-copper alloy plate strip by a cold rolling mill, wherein the rolling reduction of a cold rolling pass is 6-4-2-1.2 mm;

(g) and (3) annealing the cold-rolled strip at low temperature of 150-250 ℃ for 3.5 h.

Example 2

A high-performance phosphorus-copper alloy based on rare earth modification comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 6.5% of tin, 1.5% of lead, 0.6% of phosphorus, 0.4% of nickel, 0.2% of zinc, 0.02% of lanthanum, 0.05% of cerium, 0.05% of rhenium, less than or equal to 0.5% of other impurities, and the balance of copper.

The preparation method of the rare earth modification-based high-performance phosphor-copper alloy comprises the following steps:

(a) preheating a medium-frequency induction smelting furnace, weighing tin, lead, phosphorus, nickel and zinc according to the proportion, feeding, heating to 1300-;

(b) casting the alloy into a solid alloy ingot by adopting a horizontal continuous vibration casting method, wherein the casting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃;

(c) carrying out high-temperature homogenizing annealing on the alloy ingot obtained in the step (b); wherein, the high-temperature homogenizing annealing is divided into two stages, the temperature of furnace gas in the first stage is set to be 310-; the temperature of furnace gas in the second stage is increased to 580-600 ℃, the temperature of the material roll is 480-520 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 7 h;

(d) carrying out cold rough rolling on the annealed alloy ingot, wherein the processing rate is 80%, and the pass reduction of the cold rough rolling is 14-13-11-8.6-6 mm;

(e) performing intermediate annealing on the plate subjected to the cold rough rolling to obtain a phosphorus-copper alloy plate strip, wherein the annealing temperature is 450-500 ℃, and the annealing time is 3 hours;

(f) further rolling the phosphor-copper alloy plate strip by a cold rolling mill, wherein the rolling reduction of a cold rolling pass is 6-4-2-1.2 mm;

(g) and (3) annealing the cold-rolled strip at low temperature of 150-250 ℃ for 3 h.

Example 3

A high-performance phosphorus-copper alloy based on rare earth modification comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8% of tin, 2% of lead, 0.5% of phosphorus, 0.3% of nickel, 0.4% of zinc, 0.02% of lanthanum, 0.03% of cerium, 0.02-0.05% of rhenium, less than or equal to 0.5% of other impurities, and the balance of copper.

The preparation method of the rare earth modification-based high-performance phosphor-copper alloy comprises the following steps:

(a) preheating a medium-frequency induction smelting furnace, weighing tin, lead, phosphorus, nickel and zinc according to the proportion, feeding, heating to 1300-;

(b) casting the alloy into a solid alloy ingot by adopting a horizontal continuous vibration casting method, wherein the casting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃;

(c) carrying out high-temperature homogenizing annealing on the alloy ingot obtained in the step (b); wherein, the high-temperature homogenizing annealing is divided into two stages, the first stage furnace gas temperature is set to be 310-; the temperature of furnace gas in the second stage is raised to 580-600-;

(d) carrying out cold rough rolling on the annealed alloy ingot, wherein the processing rate is 80%, and the pass reduction of the cold rough rolling is 14-13-11-8.6-6 mm;

(e) performing intermediate annealing on the plate subjected to the cold rough rolling to obtain a phosphorus-copper alloy plate strip, wherein the annealing temperature is 450-500 ℃, and the annealing time is 3 hours;

(f) further rolling the phosphor-copper alloy plate strip by a cold rolling mill, wherein the rolling reduction of a cold rolling pass is 6-4-2-1.2 mm;

(g) and (3) annealing the cold-rolled strip at low temperature of 150-250 ℃ for 3.5 h.

Performance testing

The performance test data for examples 1-3 and comparative examples are shown in table 1; the comparative example used a conventional phosphor-copper alloy strip;

TABLE 1

Item	hardness/HV	Tensile strength/MPa	E/105MPa
				Example 1	263.5	847.3	1.05
Example 2	258.1	859.2	1.18
				Example 3	263.4	857.6	1.12

As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the rare earth modified phosphor-copper alloy has high hardness and tensile strength, and provides possibility for batch production of high-precision high-elasticity phosphor-bronze strip.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.