阅读说明：本技术 一种耐磨结构的制备方法 (Preparation method of wear-resistant structure ) 是由 黄智泉 魏建军 潘健 杨威 张海燕 魏炜 高站起 李恒 于 2020-06-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种耐磨结构的制备方法,包括以下步骤：1)将硬质合金耐磨棒放入模具中,浇注熔融态的铸钢液,冷却后形成圆柱状的铸钢套毛坯,得到复合耐磨柱钉毛坯；2)将铸钢套毛坯外表面机加工到所要求的精度后得到铸钢套,同时得到复合耐磨柱钉,将复合耐磨柱钉放入冷却炉中一段时间；3)在母体上均匀开设安装孔；4)将自冷却炉中取出的复合耐磨柱钉立即插入母体的安装孔中,恢复常温后复合耐磨柱钉与安装孔之间实现过盈配合；5)在复合耐磨柱钉之间进行堆焊形成堆焊层,使复合耐磨柱钉、母体、堆焊层三者之间实现冶金结合。本发明的制备方法,避免了安装孔的胀裂,对母体无损伤,复合耐磨柱钉与母体结合牢固,延长了耐磨结构的使用寿命。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a wear-resistant structure, which comprises the following steps: 1) placing the hard alloy wear-resistant rod into a mold, pouring molten casting steel, and cooling to form a cylindrical cast steel sleeve blank to obtain a composite wear-resistant stud blank; 2) machining the outer surface of the blank of the cast steel sleeve to the required precision to obtain a cast steel sleeve and a composite wear-resistant stud, and putting the composite wear-resistant stud into a cooling furnace for a period of time; 3) mounting holes are uniformly formed in the matrix; 4) the composite wear-resistant stud taken out of the self-cooling furnace is immediately inserted into the mounting hole of the matrix, and after the normal temperature is recovered, the composite wear-resistant stud and the mounting hole are in interference fit; 5) and surfacing is carried out among the composite wear-resistant studs to form a surfacing layer, so that metallurgical bonding is realized among the composite wear-resistant studs, the matrix and the surfacing layer. The preparation method of the invention avoids the spalling of the mounting hole, has no damage to the matrix, and the composite wear-resistant stud is firmly combined with the matrix, thereby prolonging the service life of the wear-resistant structure.)

1. A method for preparing a wear-resistant structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) placing a hard alloy wear-resistant rod (2-2) into a mold, pouring molten casting steel, cooling to form a cylindrical cast steel sleeve blank to obtain a composite wear-resistant stud blank, machining the outer surface of the cast steel sleeve blank to a required precision to obtain a cast steel sleeve (2-1), and simultaneously obtaining a composite wear-resistant stud (2);

(2) putting the composite wear-resistant stud (2) into a cooling furnace for a period of time;

(3) mounting holes (1-1) are uniformly formed in the matrix (1);

(4) the composite wear-resistant stud (2) taken out of the self-cooling furnace is immediately inserted into the mounting hole (1-1) of the matrix (1), and after the temperature is restored to normal temperature, interference fit is achieved between the composite wear-resistant stud (2) and the mounting hole (1-1);

(5) and (3) surfacing welding is carried out between the composite wear-resistant studs (2) to form a surfacing layer (3), and then the process is finished.

2. The method for preparing the wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the mounting hole (1-1) is 30-60 mm, the height of the composite wear-resistant stud (2) above the surface of the matrix (1) is 0-8mm, the diameter of the cast steel sleeve (2-1) is 20-60 mm, and the height of the hard alloy wear-resistant rod (2-2) above the cast steel sleeve (2-1) is 0-8 mm.

3. The method for manufacturing a wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein the diameter or circumscribed circle diameter of the cemented carbide wear-resistant bar (2-2) is 5mm-20mm, and the fixed length in the cast steel sleeve (2-1) is 15mm-40 mm.

4. The method for manufacturing a wear resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the cemented carbide wear resistant bar (2-2) is one of circular, oval, triangular, polygonal.

5. The method for manufacturing the wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein the hard phase or the ceramic phase in the material of the hard alloy wear-resistant rod (2-2) is one or more of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, molybdenum carbide, niobium carbide, zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide.

6. Method for producing a wear resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the weld overlay (3) is 0-15mm higher than the height of the composite wear stud (2).

7. Method for manufacturing a wear resistant construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower part of the cemented carbide wear resistant bar (2-2) is provided with a protruding annular collar.

8. The method for manufacturing a wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein the cooling time of the composite wear-resistant stud (2) in the cooling furnace in the step (2) is 10-180 min.

9. The method for preparing a wear-resistant structure according to claim 1, wherein the matrix (1) is one of a roller body matrix, a wear-resistant lining plate matrix, a conical crushing matrix, a middle groove matrix, a chute matrix and a plate hammer matrix.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a wear-resistant structure, in particular to a preparation method of the wear-resistant structure.

Background

In processing equipment applied in the fields of mines, coal, metallurgy, chemical industry and the like, wear-resistant structures are often required to be installed, for example, a roll sleeve of an extrusion roll is in direct contact with materials during operation, the load is extremely high, and the phenomenon of abrasion, peeling and failure can be inevitably caused. The same wear-resistant structures are required to be arranged on the crusher, the wear-resistant lining plate or the wear-resistant sieve plate and the like to prolong the service life of the equipment. The wear-resisting structure can reduce the abrasion to equipment in the machining process, reduce the failure rate and prolong the service life of the equipment. The existing wear-resistant structure has a plurality of problems, such as low hardness, low wear resistance, long period and low efficiency, and the whole machine needs to be shut down after a certain part is damaged or the machine needs to be maintained on line or sent to a manufacturer for maintenance; the form of installing wear-resisting stud on the matrix is mostly adopted in current wear-resisting structure in order to increase life, generally adopts interference fit or the mode that gluing agent bonded between wear-resisting stud and the matrix, but above-mentioned combination mode has following problem: if adopt interference fit when installing wear-resisting piece, the mounting hole on the equipment is the spalling easily under the effect of instantaneous force, causes the harm to equipment. When the bonding mode is adopted, the bonding effect of the adhesive is influenced along with the rise of the temperature of the equipment in the working process, so that the abrasion-resistant stud falls off, great potential safety hazards are caused, and the period and the cost of equipment maintenance are increased. How to solve the above problems is a urgent task for researchers in this field.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the preparation method of the wear-resistant structure, which is convenient and easy to operate in the manufacturing process, good in wear resistance and convenient to install.

One of the purposes of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

a method of making a wear resistant structure comprising the steps of:

(1) placing a hard alloy wear-resistant rod into a mold, pouring molten casting steel, cooling to form a cylindrical cast steel sleeve blank to obtain a composite wear-resistant stud blank, machining the outer surface of the cast steel sleeve blank to the required precision to obtain a cast steel sleeve, and simultaneously obtaining a composite wear-resistant stud;

(2) putting the composite wear-resistant stud into a cooling furnace for a period of time;

(3) mounting holes are uniformly formed in the matrix;

(4) the composite wear-resistant stud taken out of the self-cooling furnace is immediately inserted into the mounting hole of the matrix, and after the normal temperature is recovered, the composite wear-resistant stud and the mounting hole are in interference fit;

(5) and performing surfacing between the composite wear-resistant studs to form a surfacing layer, thus finishing.

Furthermore, the depth of the mounting hole is 30-60 mm, the height of the composite wear-resistant stud above the surface of the matrix is 0-8mm, the diameter of the cast steel sleeve is 20-60 mm, and the height of the hard alloy wear-resistant rod above the cast steel sleeve is 0-8 mm.

Furthermore, the diameter or the circumscribed circle diameter of the hard alloy wear-resistant rod is 5mm-20mm, and the fixed length in the cast steel sleeve is 15mm-40 mm.

Further, the cross section of the hard alloy wear-resistant rod is one of a circle, an ellipse, a triangle and a polygon.

Further, in the material of the hard alloy wear-resistant rod, the hard phase or the ceramic phase is one or more of tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, molybdenum carbide, niobium carbide, zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide.

Further, the thickness of the surfacing layer is 0-15mm higher than the height of the composite wear-resistant stud.

Furthermore, a protruding annular collar is arranged at the lower part of the hard alloy wear-resistant rod.

Further, the shape of the annular clamping ring is the same as or different from the section of the hard alloy wear-resistant rod.

Further, the cooling time of the composite wear-resistant stud in the cooling furnace in the steps is 10-180 min.

Further, the matrix is one of a roller body matrix, a wear-resistant lining plate matrix, a conical broken matrix, a middle groove matrix, a chute matrix and a plate hammer matrix.

The manufacturing principle of the invention is as follows: the cast steel sleeve is made of cast steel, wherein the average linear expansion coefficient alpha of the cast steel is calculated by the following formula:

α＝(d₂-d₁)/[d₁×(t₂-t₁)]，

d₂the diameter of the cast steel sleeve of the composite wear-resistant stud after cooling is shown;

d₁the initial diameter of the cast steel sleeve of the composite wear-resistant stud before cooling is shown;

t₂the temperature of the cast steel sleeve of the composite wear-resistant stud after cooling is represented, and the temperature range of the cast steel sleeve after cooling is-200 to-60 ℃;

t₁the temperature of the cast steel sleeve of the composite wear-resistant stud before cooling is shown;

the average linear expansion coefficient α of the cast steel is in the range of (8-12) × 10^-6The minimum value of 8 × 10 deg.C can be taken^-6/℃。

After the cast steel sleeve is cooled and the room temperature is recovered in the mounting hole, the diameter variation quantity delta d is calculated by the following formula:

△d＝α×d×(T₀-T₁)

wherein d represents the diameter of the cast steel sleeve at normal temperature;

T₀representing the normal temperature, 20 ℃;

T₁the temperature range of the cast steel sleeve after cooling is-200 to-60 ℃ at the moment.

Calculated through the above processThe diameter variation of the cast steel sleeve is △ d in the range of (6.4-17.6) × 10^-4And d, designing the diameter of the mounting hole according to the diameter of the cast steel sleeve after the normal temperature is recovered, and ensuring the interference fit of the cast steel sleeve and the mounting hole.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant structure, in the preparation process, a composite wear-resistant stud is cooled in a cooling furnace firstly, at the moment, the diameter of a cast steel sleeve of the composite wear-resistant stud is reduced, then the taken-out composite wear-resistant stud is arranged in the mounting hole on the surface of the matrix, the diameter of the cast steel sleeve of the composite wear-resistant stud is increased along with the rise of the temperature, the composite wear-resistant stud is in interference fit with the mounting hole on the matrix after being recovered to the room temperature, the phenomenon that the mounting hole is easy to burst when the composite wear-resistant stud is installed by mechanical force is avoided, to the parent not damaged, can realize metallurgical bonding between compound wear-resisting stud, parent, the surfacing layer three, combine firmly, can not drop, effectively prolong the life of equipment, be higher than the life cycle that adopts mechanical force installation to realize interference fit and adopt the gluing of gluing agent far away to the simple and convenient easy operation of manufacturing process helps realizing the production of batch. The hard alloy wear-resistant rod is exposed along with the abrasion of the surfacing layer in the use process, so that the wear resistance is improved, the matrix is effectively protected, and the service life of the structural member is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a roll shell mounting wear-resistant structure of a squeeze roll in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view of a mounting hole formed in a roll body of a roll shell of an extrusion roll in example 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a composite wear-resistant stud in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the composite wear stud of example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a cemented carbide wear bar in example 1 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a top view of a cemented carbide wear-resistant rod in example 1 of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a parent body; 1-1, mounting holes; 2. compounding wear-resistant studs; 2-1, casting a steel sleeve; 2-2, hard alloy wear-resistant rods; 3. and (7) overlaying the welding layer.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.