阅读说明：本技术 利用海上风电制氢的地下油气藏储氢系统及调控计算方法 (Underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system for producing hydrogen by utilizing offshore wind power and regulation and control calculation method ) 是由 宋洪庆 劳俊明 郭宏浩 李正一 于 2020-04-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种利用海上风电制氢的地下油气藏储氢系统及调控计算方法,属于海上风能利用技术领域。该系统包括海上风电机组、海水电解装置、氢气压缩设备、氢气解压设备、氢气提纯设备、注/采气井,油气藏储库和氢气输出设备,调控时,首先求得风力发电场日发电量集,然后引入系统日用电分配百分比集,并求得电解制氢日耗电量集和系统日电解产氢量集；计算系统日氢气产能,将日电解产氢量减去日氢气产能,并进行判断,最后计算压缩储气流程的日能耗,经迭代计算,输出日氢气产能和日储气量,并求出系统的平均氢气储产比。该方法能够有效解决目前海上风电输出不稳定、浪费严重,储能成本高、储量低的痛点,实现能源高效利用和稳定输出。(The invention provides an underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system for producing hydrogen by utilizing offshore wind power and a regulation and control calculation method, belonging to the technical field of offshore wind energy utilization. The system comprises an offshore wind power generation unit, a seawater electrolysis device, a hydrogen compression device, a hydrogen decompression device, a hydrogen purification device, an injection/gas production well, an oil and gas reservoir and a hydrogen output device, wherein during regulation and control, a daily generated power set of a wind power generation field is firstly obtained, then a daily power distribution percentage set of the system is introduced, and a daily power consumption set of electrolytic hydrogen production and a daily electrolytic hydrogen production set of the system are obtained; and calculating the daily hydrogen capacity of the system, subtracting the daily hydrogen capacity from the daily electrolytic hydrogen production, judging, finally calculating the daily energy consumption of the compressed gas storage process, outputting the daily hydrogen capacity and the daily gas storage through iterative calculation, and solving the average hydrogen storage-production ratio of the system. The method can effectively solve the pain points of unstable and serious offshore wind power output, high energy storage cost and low energy storage capacity at present, and realizes efficient energy utilization and stable output.)

1. The utility model provides an utilize hydrogen storage system is deposited to secret oil gas of offshore wind power hydrogen production which characterized in that: comprises an offshore wind turbine generator set (1), a seawater electrolysis device (3), a hydrogen compression device (5), a hydrogen decompression device (8), a hydrogen purification device (9), an injection/gas production well (17), an oil and gas reservoir (16) and a hydrogen output device, wherein the hydrogen output device comprises a hydrogen transport ship (10) and a hydrogen pipe network (12), the offshore wind turbine generator set (1) is connected with the seawater electrolysis device (3) and the hydrogen compression device (5) through submarine cables (2), the hydrogen purification device (9) is connected with the seawater electrolysis device (3), the hydrogen compression device (5), the hydrogen decompression device (8) and the hydrogen purification device (9) are arranged at the bottom of the sea (13), the seawater electrolysis device (3) is connected with the hydrogen compression device (5) through a hydrogen pipeline (4), and the hydrogen compression device (5) is connected with a buffer tank (6) through the hydrogen pipeline (4), set up three-way valve (7) between buffer tank (6) and hydrogen decompression equipment (8), hydrogen decompression equipment (8) are through defeated hydrogen pipeline (4) connection hydrogen purification equipment (9), hydrogen purification equipment (9) are connected hydrogen pipe network (12), three-way valve (7) set up the well entry at notes/gas production well (17), notes/gas production well (17) are opened on seabed (14), seabed (14) bottom sets up oil and gas reservoir storehouse (16), oil and gas reservoir storehouse (16) intercommunication notes/gas production well (17), oil and gas reservoir storehouse (16) upper portion sets up hydrogen reservoir top rock (15), oil and gas reservoir storehouse (16) lower part sets up hydrogen reservoir bottom rock (18).

2. The underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system for producing hydrogen by offshore wind power according to claim 1, characterized in that: the offshore wind turbine generator sets (1) are arranged in a rectangular or circular mode, the radius distance between the wind turbines is 800-1000 meters, and the models of the wind turbines are the same.

3. The underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system for producing hydrogen by offshore wind power according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seawater electrolysis device (3) comprises a seawater desalination pretreatment device and an electrolytic tank for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, and the seawater electrolysis device (3) inputs electric energy from an offshore wind turbine generator set (1) through a submarine cable (2).

4. The regulation and control calculation method of the underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system for hydrogen production by offshore wind power according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) acquiring continuous tau daily average wind speed data of h meters away from the sea level from historical data of a selected sea area to form a daily average wind speed data set V, then obtaining a daily output electric power set P of a single wind driven generator in the sea area according to a wind speed-output power function of the offshore wind driven generator, and obtaining a daily generated power set W of the wind driven generator field according to the daily output electric power set P of the wind driven generator, the number of the wind driven generators and the working time;

(2) the distribution percentage set I of the daily electricity of the system is introduced, and the daily electricity ratio for electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen is set to η_iAnd i represents the daily power consumption ratio of compressed gas storage or gas collection and purification of day i is 1- η_iAnd is η_iEndowing with the Chinese character' junValue of, wherein 0<η_i<1, percentage set of daily electricity distribution I ═ η₁,η₂,......,η_τ]；

(3) According to the daily generated electricity quantity set W of the wind driven generator and the electricity distribution percentage set I of the hydrogen production by electrolyzing the seawater, the daily generated electricity quantity set W of the hydrogen production by electrolysis is obtained by multiplying corresponding elements of the two_eAnd solving a system daily electrolysis hydrogen production set Y by combining Faraday's law;

(4) the tau elements of the daily electrolytic hydrogen production quantity in the daily electrolytic hydrogen production quantity set Y are averaged to obtain the daily hydrogen productivity Y of the system_sdThen collecting the daily electrolytic hydrogen production quantity as element Y in Y_iReduce the daily hydrogen productivity y_sdAnd judging: if the result is negative, the compression gas storage process is carried out in the ith day, and if the result is negative, the gas production and purification process is carried out in the ith day;

(5) according to the actual flow, calculating the daily energy consumption w of the compressed gas storage flow_c,iOr daily energy consumption w of gas production purification process_p,iAnd judging: if the total energy consumption value w_e,i+w_c,iOr w_e,i+w_p,iThe daily generated energy w of the wind turbine_iIf the difference is smaller than the preset value, the current electricity distribution ratio meets the requirement, and the daily hydrogen productivity y is output_sdAnd daily gas storage or daily gas production y_i-y_sdAnd calculating the average hydrogen storage-production ratio zeta of the system, namely the coupling index representing the hydrogen production capacity and the regulation capacity of the system, wherein w_e,iThe daily electricity consumption set for the electrolytic hydrogen production on the ith day; if the total energy consumption value w_e,i+w_c,iOr w_e,i+w_p,iThe daily generated energy w of the wind turbine_iIf the phase difference is not less than the preset value, entering the step (6) for further judgment;

(6) if the total energy consumption value w_e,i+w_c,iOr w_e,i+w_p,iMore than or equal to daily generated energy w of wind turbine_iIf the current power distribution ratio is reduced to 50%, the total energy consumption value w is_e,i+w_c,iOr w_e,i+w_p,iLess than daily generated energy w of wind generator_iAnd if so, increasing the current power consumption distribution ratio to 150% of the original power consumption distribution ratio, and returning to the step (4) to perform iterative calculation after the power consumption distribution ratio is adjusted.

5. The regulation and control calculation method of the underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system for hydrogen production by offshore wind power according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for calculating the daily generated electricity amount set W of the wind power plant in the step (1) is as follows:

W＝n×T*P＝[w₁,w₂,……,w_τ]

wherein n is the number of wind motors contained in the wind power plant, the unit is a station, T is a daily working time set of the wind motors, and w_iThe unit of the daily power generation amount of the ith day of the single wind turbine is kilowatt-hour, wherein i is 1,2, … … and tau.

6. The regulation and control calculation method of the underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system for hydrogen production by offshore wind power according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for calculating the daily electrolytic hydrogen production set Y in the step (3) is as follows:

wherein, y_iThe unit of the daily hydrogen production by electrolysis on the ith day of the sea area is kilogram/day, i is 1,2, … … and tau; w_eIs the daily power consumption set of the electrolytic hydrogen production, and m is the capacity of the seawater electrolytic hydrogen production, and the unit is kilowatt-hour/kilogram.

7. The method for regulating and controlling the hydrogen storage system of the underground oil-gas reservoir for producing hydrogen by offshore wind power according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: daily energy consumption w of the compression gas storage process in the step (5)_c,iThe calculation process is as follows:

in the formula: w is a_c,iCompressing gas storage energy consumption on day i, wherein the unit is coke/day; gamma is the specific heat capacity ratio of hydrogen, gamma is 1.41 and is dimensionless; f. of₀Is the pressure of the hydrogen at the inlet of the compression system in mpa; rho₀Is the density of the hydrogen at the inlet of the compression system, in units ofKilogram per cubic meter; f. of_whThe pressure of an outlet of a compression system and the pressure of a wellhead of an injection and production well are respectively expressed in megapascals;

daily energy consumption w of gas production purification process_p,iThe calculation process is as follows:

in the formula: w is a_p,iThe energy consumption of gas collection and purification on the ith day is kilojoule/hour; t is₀Is the gas production temperature with the unit of cracking, R is the general gas constant, R is 8.314 kilojoules/(kilogram-cracking), β₁、β₂、β_FThe mass fractions of hydrogen in the feed gas, the analysis gas and the product gas in the hydrogen purification and separation process are respectively.

8. The regulation and control calculation method of the underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system for hydrogen production by offshore wind power according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the judgment value of iteration termination in the step (5) is set according to the actual situation;

the average hydrogen storage ratio zeta of the system is calculated as follows:

in the formula: y is_sdIs the daily hydrogen productivity of the system, and the unit is kilogram/day; y is_i-y_sdThe daily gas storage capacity or gas production capacity of the ith day of the system is in units of kilogram/day; zeta is the average hydrogen storage ratio of the system, and is dimensionless.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind energy utilization, in particular to an underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system for producing hydrogen by utilizing offshore wind power and a regulation and control calculation method.

Background

In the process of offshore wind energy utilization and hydrogen energy development, as offshore wind energy has the characteristics of chronogenesis and instability, electric energy generated by offshore wind energy has obvious peak-valley characteristics in the time dimension, and the method is not suitable for grid-connected power supply and is easier to cause the energy waste phenomenon of wind and electricity abandonment. The method for storing and peak shaving the electric energy produced by offshore wind power is an effective method for solving the problems. In addition, hydrogen energy is not only a clean and pollution-free energy source with high energy density, but also a good energy storage carrier, stores offshore wind power in a hydrogen energy form, and can realize efficient utilization and stable output of energy and effective environmental protection. Compared with the traditional gas storage mode of a gas storage tank and the existing offshore hydrogen storage mode by means of organic liquid, the underground gas storage tank has large gas storage space and can meet the large storage requirement of offshore wind power hydrogen production. Particularly, the gas storage of the submarine oil-gas reservoir is high in safety, a large amount of gas storage materials can be saved, and the submarine oil-gas reservoir is an ideal underground hydrogen storage mode. In addition, compared with pumped storage and hydrogen liquefaction storage, the seabed abandoned oil and gas reservoir hydrogen storage can save a large amount of engineering construction and economic cost expenditure.

The efficiency or capacity of a conventional energy system can be calculated directly from known initial values. However, for the offshore wind power hydrogen production underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system, the electric energy produced by the generator set is supplied to a gas injection compression (gas production and purification) device in addition to the seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device. The problem of power utilization distribution ratio exists, and the distribution ratio is unknown, which means that the capacity and the gas storage (gas production) amount of the system cannot be directly calculated and solved, and the calculation and the solution need to be carried out through an iterative loop process. The iterative solution method is a process of continuously recurrently using the old value of the variable to recur a new value, and finally obtaining a solution meeting the actual condition. By using an iterative solution and taking days as the minimum time step, the method can solve the calculation difficulty caused by unknown distribution percentage of the electricity consumption of the system, and is beneficial to conveniently, quickly and accurately regulating and controlling the daily hydrogen productivity and daily storage (gas production) quantity of the offshore wind power hydrogen production underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system.

The system capacity and the stored (produced) gas quantity are two important parameters concerned by the project side. However, the current computing method for the energy system basically only focuses on one of the indexes, and cannot comprehensively reflect the regulation and control capability and the output capability of the system. A set of calculation method comprehensively considering the daily hydrogen productivity and daily gas storage (collection) capacity of the system can provide reference indexes for judging the quality of the regulation and control capacity and the output capacity of the system for a project party.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system for producing hydrogen by utilizing offshore wind power and a regulation and control calculation method.

The system comprises an offshore wind turbine generator set, a seawater electrolysis device, a hydrogen compression device, a hydrogen decompression device, a hydrogen purification device, an injection/production well, an oil and gas reservoir and a hydrogen output device, wherein the hydrogen output device comprises a hydrogen transportation ship and a hydrogen pipe network, the offshore wind turbine generator set is connected with the seawater electrolysis device through a seabed cable, the hydrogen compression device is connected with the hydrogen purification device, the seawater electrolysis device, the hydrogen compression device, the hydrogen decompression device and the hydrogen purification device are arranged at the bottom of the sea, the seawater electrolysis device is connected with the hydrogen compression device through a hydrogen pipeline, the hydrogen compression device is connected with a buffer tank through the hydrogen pipeline, a three-way valve is arranged between the buffer tank and the hydrogen decompression device, the hydrogen decompression device is connected with the hydrogen purification device through the hydrogen pipeline, the hydrogen purification device is connected with the hydrogen pipe network, and the three-way valve is arranged at the well inlet of, the gas injection/production well is opened on the seabed, the bottom of the seabed is provided with an oil and gas reservoir which is communicated with the gas injection/production well, the upper part of the oil and gas reservoir is provided with a hydrogen reservoir upper cover rock, and the lower part of the oil and gas reservoir is provided with a hydrogen reservoir bottom rock for maintaining the pressure and the good gas tightness of the reservoir.

The offshore wind turbine generator set is arranged in a rectangular or circular mode and is influenced by the length of blades of the wind turbine generator and the wake effect, the radius distance between the wind turbine generators is 800-1000 meters, and the types of the wind turbine generators are the same.

The seawater electrolysis device comprises a seawater desalination pretreatment device and an electrolytic bath for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water, and the seawater electrolysis device inputs electric energy from an offshore wind turbine generator set through a submarine cable.

The regulation and control calculation method of the system comprises the following steps:

(1) acquiring continuous tau daily average wind speed data of h meters away from the sea level from historical data of a selected sea area to form a daily average wind speed data set V, then obtaining a daily output electric power set P of a single wind driven generator in the sea area according to a wind speed-output power function of the offshore wind driven generator, and obtaining a daily generated power set W of the wind driven generator field according to the daily output electric power set P of the wind driven generator, the number of the wind driven generators and the working time;

(2) the distribution percentage set I of the daily electricity of the system is introduced, and the daily electricity ratio for electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen is set to η_iAnd i represents the daily power consumption ratio of compressed gas storage or gas collection and purification of day i is 1- η_iAnd is η_iGiving an initial value of 0<η_i<1, percentage set of daily electricity distribution I ═ η₁,η₂,......,η_τ]；

(3) According to the daily generated electricity quantity set W of the wind driven generator and the electricity distribution percentage set I of the hydrogen production by electrolyzing the seawater, the daily generated electricity quantity set W of the hydrogen production by electrolysis is obtained by multiplying corresponding elements of the two_eAnd solving a system daily electrolysis hydrogen production set Y by combining Faraday's law;

(4) the tau elements of the daily electrolytic hydrogen production quantity in the daily electrolytic hydrogen production quantity set Y are averaged to obtain the daily hydrogen productivity Y of the system_sdThen collecting the daily electrolytic hydrogen production quantity as element Y in Y_iReduce the daily hydrogen productivity y_sdAnd judging: if the result is not negative, compressing the gas storage flow at the ith dayIf the result is negative, the gas production and purification process is carried out on the ith day;

(5) according to the actual flow, calculating the daily energy consumption w of the compressed gas storage flow_c,iOr daily energy consumption w of gas production purification process_p,iAnd judging: if the total energy consumption value w_e,i+w_c,iOr w_e,i+w_p,iThe daily generated energy w of the wind turbine_iIf the difference is smaller than the preset value, the current electricity distribution ratio meets the requirement, and the daily hydrogen productivity y is output_sdAnd daily gas storage or daily gas production y_i-y_sdAnd calculating the average hydrogen storage-production ratio zeta of the system, namely the coupling index representing the hydrogen production capacity and the regulation capacity of the system, wherein w_e,iThe daily electricity consumption set for the electrolytic hydrogen production on the ith day; if the total energy consumption value w_e,i+w_c,iOr w_e,i+w_p,iThe daily generated energy w of the wind turbine_iIf the phase difference is not less than the preset value, entering the step (6) for further judgment;

(6) if the total energy consumption value w_e,i+w_c,iOr w_e,i+w_p,iMore than or equal to daily generated energy w of wind turbine_iIf the current power distribution ratio is reduced to 50%, the total energy consumption value w is_e,i+w_c,iOr w_e,i+w_p,iLess than daily generated energy w of wind generator_iAnd if so, increasing the current power consumption distribution ratio to 150% of the original power consumption distribution ratio, and returning to the step (4) to perform iterative calculation after the power consumption distribution ratio is adjusted.

The method for calculating the daily generated electricity quantity set W of the wind power plant in the step (1) is as follows:

W＝n×T*P＝[w₁,w₂,......,w_τ]

wherein n is the number of wind motors contained in the wind power plant, the unit is a station, T is a daily working time set of the wind motors, and w_iThe unit of the daily power generation amount of the ith day of the single wind turbine is kilowatt-hour, wherein i is 1,2, … … and tau.

The method for calculating the daily electrolytic hydrogen production set Y of the system in the step (3) is as follows:

wherein, y_iThe unit of the daily hydrogen production by electrolysis on the ith day of the sea area is kilogram/day, i is 1,2, … … and tau; w_eIs the daily power consumption set of the electrolytic hydrogen production, and m is the capacity of the seawater electrolytic hydrogen production, and the unit is kilowatt-hour/kilogram.

The daily hydrogen production of the system will vary with the wind speed of the day, however the daily market demand for hydrogen is stable. In order to keep the daily hydrogen productivity of the system stable, the average daily electrolytic hydrogen production is obtained according to the tau daily electrolytic hydrogen production in the step (4) and is used as the daily hydrogen productivity. It should be noted that, in step (4), the daily hydrogen production capacity is only the intermediate value of the iterative cycle process, not the final value. If the hydrogen production amount by electrolysis is larger than the daily hydrogen capacity, the surplus yield is compressed and stored; if the electrolytic hydrogen production amount is less than the daily hydrogen productivity, the insufficient yield is used for gas production purification supplement.

And (5) adjusting the power distribution percentage of the system through an iterative process to finally obtain the optimal power distribution percentage of the system, namely, under the distribution percentage, the difference between the sum of the electrolytic hydrogen production energy consumption and the gas injection compression (gas production purification) energy consumption and the input electric energy of the wind turbine is smaller than.

Daily energy consumption w of the process of compressing gas storage in the step (5)_c,iThe calculation process is as follows:

in the formula: w is a_c,iCompressing gas storage energy consumption on day i, wherein the unit is coke/day; gamma is the specific heat capacity ratio of hydrogen, gamma is 1.41 and is dimensionless; f. of₀Is the pressure of the hydrogen at the inlet of the compression system in mpa; rho₀Is the density of the hydrogen at the inlet of the compression system, and the unit is kilogram/cubic meter; f. of_whThe pressure of an outlet of a compression system and the pressure of a wellhead of an injection and production well are respectively expressed in megapascals;

daily energy consumption w of gas production purification process_p,iThe calculation process is as follows:

in the formula: w is a_p,iThe energy consumption of gas collection and purification on the ith day is kilojoule/hour; t is₀Is the gas production temperature with the unit of cracking, R is the general gas constant, R is 8.314 kilojoules/(kilogram-cracking), β₁、β₂、β_FThe mass fractions of hydrogen in the feed gas, the analysis gas and the product gas in the hydrogen purification and separation process are respectively.

The judgment value of iteration termination in the step (5) is set according to the actual situation;

the average hydrogen storage ratio zeta of the system is calculated as follows:

in the formula: y is_sdIs the daily hydrogen productivity of the system, and the unit is kilogram/day; y is_i-y_sdThe daily gas storage capacity or gas production capacity of the ith day of the system is in units of kilogram/day; zeta is the average hydrogen storage ratio of the system, and is dimensionless.

If the average hydrogen storage-production ratio zeta of the obtained system in the step (5) is larger than 1, the regulation and control capability of the system is more prominent, and the larger the zeta value is, the stronger the regulation and control capability of the system is; if ζ < 1, it means that the system is more productive, and the closer the ζ value is to 0, the more productive the system is.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

in the above scheme, the problem that the current offshore wind power output is unstable and serious, the energy storage cost is high, and the storage capacity is low can be effectively solved, underground space resources are fully utilized, the high-energy-density hydrogen energy source without environmental pollution is popularized and applied, the efficient utilization and stable output of energy sources are realized, and the environment is effectively protected.

In the method, an iterative solution is utilized, the minimum time step is day, the difficulty that the direct calculation cannot be carried out due to the fact that the power distribution percentage of the system is unknown in the calculation process is effectively avoided, and the stable output quantity of the daily hydrogen and the daily hydrogen storage (gas production) quantity of the offshore wind power hydrogen production underground hydrogen storage system can be conveniently, quickly and accurately regulated.

In addition, aiming at key indexes concerned by the two project parties of the system productivity and the gas storage (gas production) amount, the invention combines the daily stable productivity and the daily hydrogen gas storage (gas production) amount of the system to solve the average hydrogen gas storage-production ratio of the system so as to comprehensively reflect the output capacity and the regulation and control capacity of the system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system for producing hydrogen by offshore wind power according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a regulation and control calculation method of the hydrogen storage system of the underground oil-gas reservoir for hydrogen production by offshore wind power.

Wherein: 1-an offshore wind turbine; 2-a submarine cable; 3-seawater electrolysis device; 4-a hydrogen conveying pipeline; 5-a hydrogen compression device; 6-a buffer tank; 7-a three-way valve; 8-a hydrogen pressure relief device; 9-hydrogen purification equipment; 10-a hydrogen transport vessel; 11-land; 12-a hydrogen pipe network; 13-the sea; 14-the sea bed; 15-overburden rock on the hydrogen reservoir; 16-reservoir; 17-gas injection/production wells; 18-hydrogen reservoir basement rock.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention provides an underground oil-gas reservoir hydrogen storage system for producing hydrogen by utilizing offshore wind power and a regulation and control calculation method.

As shown in fig. 1, the system comprises an offshore wind turbine generator set 1, a seawater electrolysis device 3, a hydrogen compression device 5, a hydrogen decompression device 8, a hydrogen purification device 9, an injection/production well 17, an oil and gas reservoir 16 and a hydrogen output device, wherein the hydrogen output device comprises a hydrogen transport ship 10 and a hydrogen pipe network 12, the hydrogen pipe network 12 is arranged on land 11, the offshore wind turbine generator set 1 is connected with the seawater electrolysis device 3, the hydrogen compression device 5 and the hydrogen purification device 9 through a submarine cable 2, the seawater electrolysis device 3, the hydrogen compression device 5, the hydrogen decompression device 8 and the hydrogen purification device 9 are arranged at the bottom of sea 13, the seawater electrolysis device 3 is connected with the hydrogen compression device 5 through a hydrogen pipeline 4, the hydrogen compression device 5 is connected with a buffer tank 6 through the hydrogen pipeline 4, a three-way valve 7 is arranged between the buffer tank 6 and the hydrogen decompression device 8, the hydrogen decompression device 8 is connected with the hydrogen purification device 9 through the hydrogen pipeline 4, the hydrogen purification equipment 9 is connected with a hydrogen pipe network 12, the three-way valve 7 is arranged at the well inlet of the injection/production well 17, the injection/production well 17 is arranged on the seabed 14, the bottom of the seabed 14 is provided with an oil and gas reservoir 16, the oil and gas reservoir 16 is communicated with the injection/production well 17, the upper part of the oil and gas reservoir 16 is provided with a hydrogen reservoir upper cover rock 15, and the lower part of the oil and gas reservoir 16 is provided with a hydrogen reservoir bottom rock 18.

As shown in fig. 2, the method for regulating and controlling the calculation by the system includes the following steps:

(1) acquiring continuous tau daily average wind speed data of h meters away from the sea level from historical data of a selected sea area to form a daily average wind speed data set V, then obtaining a daily output electric power set P of a single wind driven generator in the sea area according to a wind speed-output power function of the offshore wind driven generator, and obtaining a daily generated power set W of the wind driven generator field according to the daily output electric power set P of the wind driven generator, the number of the wind driven generators and the working time;

(2) the distribution percentage set I of the daily electricity of the system is introduced, and the daily electricity ratio for electrolyzing seawater to prepare hydrogen is set to η_iAnd i represents the daily power consumption ratio of compressed gas storage or gas collection and purification of day i is 1- η_iAnd is η_iGiving an initial value of 0<η_i<1, percentage set of daily electricity distribution I ═ η₁,η₂,......,η_τ]；

(3) According to the daily generated electricity quantity set W of the wind driven generator and the electricity distribution percentage set I of the hydrogen production by electrolyzing the seawater, the daily generated electricity quantity set W of the hydrogen production by electrolysis is obtained by multiplying corresponding elements of the two_eAnd solving a system daily electrolysis hydrogen production set Y by combining Faraday's law;

(4) the tau elements of the daily electrolytic hydrogen production quantity in the daily electrolytic hydrogen production quantity set Y are averaged to obtain the daily hydrogen productivity Y of the system_sdThen collecting the daily electrolytic hydrogen production quantity as element Y in Y_iReduce the daily hydrogen productivity y_sdAnd judging: if the result is negative, the compression gas storage process is carried out in the ith day, and if the result is negative, the gas production and purification process is carried out in the ith day;

(5) according to the actual flow, calculating the daily energy consumption w of the compressed gas storage flow_c,iOr daily energy consumption w of gas production purification process_p,iAnd judging: if the total energy consumption value w_e,i+w_c,iOr w_e,i+w_p,iThe daily generated energy w of the wind turbine_iIf the difference is smaller than the preset value, the current electricity distribution ratio meets the requirement, and the daily hydrogen productivity y is output_sdAnd daily gas storage or daily gas production y_i-y_sdAnd calculating the average hydrogen storage-production ratio zeta of the system, namely the coupling index representing the hydrogen production capacity and the regulation capacity of the system, wherein w_e,iThe daily electricity consumption set for the electrolytic hydrogen production on the ith day; if the total energy consumption value w_e,i+w_c,iOr w_e,i+w_p,iThe daily generated energy w of the wind turbine_iIf the phase difference is not less than the preset value, entering the step (6) for further judgment;

(6) if the total energy consumption value w_e,i+w_c,iOr w_e,i+w_p,iMore than or equal to daily generated energy w of wind turbine_iIf the current power distribution ratio is reduced to 50%, the total energy consumption value w is_e,i+w_c,iOr w_e,i+w_p,iLess than daily generated energy w of wind generator_iAnd if so, increasing the current power consumption distribution ratio to 150% of the original power consumption distribution ratio, and returning to the step (4) to perform iterative calculation after the power consumption distribution ratio is adjusted.

The following description is given with reference to specific examples.

In practical design, the energy input of the system is from offshore wind energy, and in order to realize compact system structure and efficient energy transmission and embody the design principle of an energy system for taking energy and using energy on site, an offshore wind turbine, a seawater electrolysis device, a hydrogen compression device, a hydrogen decompression device and a hydrogen purification device are required to be installed on the sea, and particularly, are installed on the sea bed level. Similarly, a reservoir-type underground hydrogen storage is a reservoir located underground in the seabed, and an injection (production) gas well is a gas well drilled and constructed above the seabed underground reservoir.

The offshore wind turbine generators are arranged in a rectangular or circular shape; the radial distance between the wind turbines is usually 800 to 1000 meters, which is influenced by the length of the wind turbine blades and the wake effect.

The seawater electrolysis device also comprises a seawater desalination pretreatment device and an electrolysis bath for electrolyzing water to produce hydrogen. The seawater electrolysis device is connected with the offshore wind turbine generator system through a submarine cable, and electric energy is input from the offshore wind turbine generator system through the submarine cable.

The hydrogen compression apparatus further includes a buffer tank for stabilizing the gas pressure. Wherein the hydrogen compression equipment inputs electric energy from an offshore wind turbine generator through a submarine cable. Wherein, the inlet of the hydrogen compression equipment is connected with the outlet of the seawater electrolysis device.

The gas injection/production well also comprises a three-way valve for regulating and guiding the flow direction of hydrogen; three ports of the three-way valve are respectively connected with an outlet of the hydrogen compression equipment, a wellhead of the gas injection/production well and an inlet of the hydrogen decompression equipment.

Wherein, the hydrogen purification equipment inputs electric energy from an offshore wind turbine generator set through a submarine cable; wherein the inlet of the hydrogen purification device is connected with the outlet of the hydrogen decompression device.

The oil-gas reservoir type underground hydrogen storage also comprises an upper covering rock and a bottom rock which are used for sealing so as to maintain the pressure and good air tightness of the storage; wherein, the gas storage area of the gas storage is connected with the bottom of the gas injection/production well.

The hydrogen output equipment also comprises a hydrogen transport ship for hydrogen marine transportation and a hydrogen pipe network for hydrogen land transportation; wherein, the hydrogen output equipment is connected with the outlet of the hydrogen purification equipment.

In a specific application, the system operates as follows:

(1) firstly, the offshore wind flows through the blades of the offshore wind turbine generator set 1 to rotate, and drives the turbine in the wind turbine generator to cut the magnetic field to generate power.

(2) The electric energy produced by the offshore wind turbine 1 is output to the seawater electrolysis device 3, the hydrogen compression equipment 5 and the hydrogen purification equipment 9 through the submarine cable 2 to supply power for the devices.

(3) In the seawater electrolysis device 3, seawater undergoes desalination pretreatment and then undergoes electrolysis reaction to generate hydrogen.

(4) The rated hydrogen output of the current day sequentially passes through the hydrogen compression device 5, the three-way valve 7, the hydrogen decompression device 8 and the hydrogen purification device 9, and finally enters the hydrogen output device to be output to a user.

(5) The surplus hydrogen output in the day sequentially passes through the hydrogen compression equipment 5, the three-way valve 7 and the injection/gas production well 17 to enter the oil-gas reservoir 16 for storage.

(6) The insufficient hydrogen output in the day passes through an oil-gas reservoir storage 16, an injection/gas production well 17, a three-way valve 7, a hydrogen decompression device 8 and a hydrogen purification device 9 in sequence, finally enters a hydrogen output device to be output to a user, and gas production replenishment is realized.

In specific application, the system is regulated and controlled according to the following processes:

(1) and acquiring continuous tau daily average wind speed data sets V which are h meters away from the sea level from historical data of the selected sea area. Wherein V is listed below:

V＝[v₁,v₂,......,v_τ](1)

wherein v is_i(i ═ 1,2, … …, τ) is the h meters daily mean wind speed, meters per second, from the sea level on day i in the historical data for the selected sea area;

(2) and obtaining a daily output electric power set P of the single wind driven generator in the sea area according to the wind speed-output power function of the offshore wind driven generator. Wherein, the daily output electric power set P of the single wind driven generator is listed as the following:

P＝[p₁,p₂,......,p_τ](2)

wherein p is_i(i ═ 1,2, … …, τ) is the daily output electrical power, kilowatts, of the single wind generator on day i;

wherein the wind speed-output power function is listed below:

wherein v is_cut-inIs the wind motor cut-in wind speed, v_cut-outIs the wind turbine cuts out the wind speed v_rIs rated wind speed, meter/second, p of wind motor_rRated output power of the wind turbine is kilowatt.

The type of the wind motor can be selected according to the lowest daily average wind speed of the sea area, and the selection principle is that the lowest daily average wind speed of the sea area is not less than the cut-in wind speed of the wind motor.

(3) And obtaining a daily generated power set W of the wind power plant according to the daily output electric power, the quantity and the working time of the wind power generator. Wherein W is listed below:

W＝n×T*P＝[w₁,w₂,......,w_τ](4)

wherein n is the number of wind motors in the wind farm, T is the daily working time set of the wind motors, and w_i(i ═ 1,2, … …, τ) is the daily power generation on the ith day of a single wind turbine, in kilowatt-hours, where T is listed below:

T＝[t₁,t₂,......,t_τ](5)

wherein, t_i(i ═ 1,2, … …, τ) is the daily operating time, hours, of the ith day of a single wind turbine, "+" indicates the multiplication of the corresponding elements between two equal-dimensional vectors;

(4) introducing power utilization distribution percentage, wherein the power utilization distribution percentage of the seawater electrolytic cell is η, correspondingly the power utilization distribution percentage of the compressed injected hydrogen (extracted purified hydrogen) on the day is 1- η, and setting the power utilization ratio of the seawater electrolysis hydrogen production and the initial power utilization distribution ratio of the compressed injected hydrogen/extracted purified hydrogen to be 50% respectively, wherein the daily power utilization distribution percentage set I of the seawater electrolysis is listed as the following:

I＝[η₁,η₂,……,η_τ](6)

wherein, the electricity distribution percentage set [1] -I of the compressed injected hydrogen/extracted purified hydrogen is listed as the following:

[1]-I＝[(1-η₁),(1-η₂),……,(1-η_τ)](7)

wherein [1] represents a matrix in which all the elements in dimensions I and the like are 1.

(5) And (4) obtaining a daily electrolytic hydrogen production set Y according to the daily generated energy of the wind driven generator and the power distribution ratio of the hydrogen produced by electrolyzing the seawater and combining Faraday's law. Wherein, the expression of the capacity of the seawater electrolytic hydrogen production is shown in the following:

wherein F is the Faraday constant, and F is 9.65 × 10⁴Coulomb per mole; n is the sum of the absolute values of the valences of the elements contained in the hydrogen, and n is 2; m_molIs the molar mass of hydrogen, M_mol2 g/mole; u is the input voltage, V, which is typically 2.0 volts in engineering; considering the energy consumption coefficient counted by the energy consumption of the seawater pretreatment,>1; m is the capacity of hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis, and kilowatt-hour/kilogram.

Wherein, Y is listed below:

wherein, y_i(i ═ 1,2, … …, τ) is the daily hydrogen production by electrolysis on day i of the sea area, kg/day, W_eIs a daily electrolysis hydrogen production power consumption set;

(6) tau elements of hydrogen production amount by daily electrolysis in hydrogen production amount set Y by daily electrolysis_iAveraging to obtain the daily hydrogen productivity y of the system_sd. Wherein, y_sdListed below:

y_sd＝Average(Y) (10)

wherein "Average" represents the arithmetic mean of all elements in the vector; y is_sdIs the daily hydrogen productivity of the system, namely kg/day;

(7) the daily electrolytic hydrogen production y_iReduce the daily hydrogen productivity y_sdAnd judging: if the result is negative, the surplus of the daily hydrogen capacity needs to be subjected to a compressed gas storage process, and if the result is negative, the shortage of the daily hydrogen capacity needs to be subjected to a gas production and purification process;

(8) calculating the energy consumption w of the daily compressed gas storage (gas production and purification) process on the ith day_c,i(w_p,i) And judging: if the system is always energy consuming w_e,i+w_c,i(w_p,i) And the distributed power consumption w_iIf the difference is smaller than the preset value, the current power utilization distribution ratio meets the requirement, the step (10) is carried out, and if not, the next judgment (9) is carried out. Wherein the wellhead pressure f_whEnergy consumption w for compressing gas storage_c,iEnergy consumption w for gas recovery and purification_p,iListed below:

wherein f is_wh＝(1-α)f_wf(12)

Wherein: w is a_c,iThe compression and gas storage energy consumption of the day of the ith day is coke/day; gamma is the specific heat capacity ratio of hydrogen, gamma is 1.41 and is dimensionless; f. of₀Is the pressure of the hydrogen at the inlet of the compression system, megapascals; rho₀Is the density of hydrogen at the inlet of the compression system, kilogram per cubic meter; f. of_whThe pressure of the outlet of the compression system and the pressure of the wellhead of the injection and production well in MPa, α the loss percentage of the gas injection and production, f_gIs the underground reservoir pressure, f_g,0Is the original pressure of underground reservoir in MPa, mu is the hydrogen viscosity of reservoir in Pass, L is the thickness of reservoir in m, K is the permeability of reservoir rock in millidarcy, A is the area of reservoir in square meter, Z is the compression factor of hydrogen under reservoir pressure, R is the general gas constant, R is 8.314 kilojoules/(kilogram-Kelvin), T is the pressure of reservoir in Kyowa, and_gis the reservoir temperature, open; v_gIs the reservoir volume, cubic meters;

wherein:

wherein: w is a_p,iThe energy consumption of gas collection and purification on the ith day is kilojoule/hour; t is₀Is the temperature of gas production, exploitation β₁、β₂、β_FThe mass fractions of hydrogen in the feed gas, the analysis gas and the product gas in the hydrogen purification and separation process are respectively;

(9) if the system is always energy consuming w_e,i+w_c,i(w_p,i) Greater than the allocated power w_iIf the total energy consumption w of the system is equal to the total energy consumption w, the current power consumption distribution ratio is reduced to 50 percent of the original power consumption distribution ratio_e,i+w_c,i(w_p,i) Less than the allocated power w_iIf so, increasing the current power consumption distribution ratio to 150% of the original power consumption distribution ratio, and returning to the step (5) to perform iterative calculation after the power consumption distribution ratio is adjusted;

(10) the iterative cycle calculation is finished, and the daily hydrogen productivity y of the system is output_sdNamely the daily hydrogen capacity of the system. Daily gas storage (production) amount y of output system_i-y_sd. Calculating the average hydrogen storage ratio zeta of the system:

wherein: y is_sdIs the daily hydrogen productivity of the system, namely kg/day; y is_i-y_sdIs the daily gas injection amount of the ith day of the system, kilogram/day; zeta is the average hydrogen storage ratio of the system, and is dimensionless.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.