阅读说明：本技术 一种减速机和旋挖钻机 (Speed reducer and rotary drilling rig ) 是由 张涛 吴天成 贾广利 于 2020-05-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及工程机械领域,具体而言,涉及一种减速机和旋挖钻机。一种减速机,包括壳体、输入轴、减速组件及输出轴,输入轴、减速组件及输出轴均可转动地与壳体配合。减速组件包括离合器、第一行星机构、第二行星机构及第三行星机构；第一行星机构及第二行星机构均与输入轴传动连接,第三行星机构与第二行星机构传动连接,第三行星机构与输出轴传动连接。减速机具备第二行星机构驱动第三行星机构工作,以使得输出轴以第一速度转动的第一工作状态；以及第一行星机构及第二行星机构工作且共同驱动第三行星机构工作,以使得输出轴以第二速度转动的第二工作状态。该减速机能够根据需要合理匹配速比,从而避免钻具出现卸土困难的问题。(The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a speed reducer and a rotary drilling rig. A speed reducer comprises a shell, an input shaft, a speed reducing assembly and an output shaft, wherein the input shaft, the speed reducing assembly and the output shaft are rotatably matched with the shell. The speed reducing assembly comprises a clutch, a first planetary mechanism, a second planetary mechanism and a third planetary mechanism; the first planetary mechanism and the second planetary mechanism are in transmission connection with the input shaft, the third planetary mechanism is in transmission connection with the second planetary mechanism, and the third planetary mechanism is in transmission connection with the output shaft. The speed reducer is provided with a first working state that the second planetary mechanism drives the third planetary mechanism to work so that the output shaft rotates at a first speed; and the first planetary mechanism and the second planetary mechanism work and jointly drive the third planetary mechanism to work so as to enable the output shaft to rotate at a second speed. The speed reducer can reasonably match the speed ratio as required, so that the problem that the soil unloading of the drilling tool is difficult is avoided.)

1. A speed reducer, characterized in that:

the speed reducer comprises a shell, an input shaft, a speed reduction assembly and an output shaft, wherein the input shaft, the speed reduction assembly and the output shaft are rotatably matched with the shell;

the speed reduction assembly comprises a clutch, a first planetary mechanism, a second planetary mechanism and a third planetary mechanism; the first planetary mechanism and the second planetary mechanism are in transmission connection with the input shaft, the third planetary mechanism is in transmission connection with the second planetary mechanism, and the third planetary mechanism is in transmission connection with the output shaft;

the speed reducer is provided with a first working state that the second planetary mechanism drives the third planetary mechanism to work so that the output shaft rotates at a first speed; and the first planetary mechanism and the second planetary mechanism work and jointly drive the third planetary mechanism to work so that the output shaft rotates at a second speed.

2. The speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein:

the first planetary mechanism comprises a first planet wheel, a first planet support, a first gear ring and a first sun gear; the second planetary mechanism comprises a second planet wheel, a second planet carrier, a second gear ring and a second sun wheel; the third planetary mechanism comprises a third planet wheel, a third planet support, a third gear ring and a third sun gear;

the central axis of the input shaft, the central axis of the first sun gear, the central axis of the second sun gear, the central axis of the third sun gear and the central axis of the output shaft are coincident; the input shaft is in transmission connection with the first sun gear, the first sun gear is in transmission connection with the second sun gear, the first planet carrier is connected with the second ring gear, the second planet carrier is in transmission connection with the third sun gear, and the third planet carrier is in transmission connection with the output shaft;

when the speed reducer is in a first working state, the rotation of the first planet carrier and the second gear ring is limited, the input shaft drives the first sun gear and the second sun gear to synchronously rotate, the first sun gear drives the first gear ring to rotate, and the second sun gear drives the second planet carrier to rotate; the second planet carrier drives the third planet carrier to rotate, and the third planet carrier drives the output shaft to rotate at the first speed;

when the speed reducer is in a second working state, the rotation of the first gear ring is limited, the input shaft drives the first sun gear and the second sun gear to synchronously rotate, the first sun gear drives the first planet carrier to rotate, the first planet carrier drives the second gear ring to rotate, and the second gear ring and the second sun gear simultaneously drive the second planet carrier to rotate; the second planet carrier drives the third planet carrier to rotate, and the third planet carrier drives the output shaft to rotate at the second speed.

3. The speed reducer according to claim 2, wherein:

the input shaft with a pot head that first sun gear is connected is established the periphery of first sun gear, just the input shaft with first sun gear key-type connection.

4. The speed reducer according to claim 2, wherein:

the first sun gear and the second sun gear are integrally formed.

5. The speed reducer according to claim 2, wherein:

the speed reduction assembly further comprises a flange plate, and the flange plate is connected with the first planet carrier and the second gear ring.

6. The speed reducer of claim 5, wherein:

the clutch comprises a piston, a first friction piece, a second friction piece, a first oil port and a second oil port;

when the first oil port is in an oil inlet state and the second oil port is in an oil outlet state, the piston moves towards the direction close to the first friction piece under the action of hydraulic pressure, and the first friction piece works and limits the rotation of the flange, so that the speed reducer is in the first working state;

when the first oil port is in an oil outlet state and the second oil port is in an oil inlet state, the piston moves towards the direction close to the second friction piece under the action of hydraulic pressure, and the second friction piece works and limits the rotation of the first gear ring, so that the speed reducer is in the second working state.

7. The speed reducer of claim 6, wherein:

the first friction piece comprises a first outer friction piece and a first inner friction piece, the first outer friction piece and the first inner friction piece are arranged in a staggered mode, the first outer friction piece is connected with the shell, and the first inner friction piece is connected with the flange; when the speed reducer is in the first working state, the first outer friction plate and the first inner friction plate are abutted tightly;

the second friction piece comprises a second outer friction piece and a second inner friction piece, the second outer friction piece and the second inner friction piece are arranged in a staggered mode, the second outer friction piece is connected with the shell, and the second inner friction piece is connected with the first gear ring; when the speed reducer is in the second working state, the second outer friction plate and the second inner friction plate are abutted tightly.

8. The speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein:

along the central axis direction of input shaft, the casing has set gradually oil spout, oil return opening and oil inlet.

9. A reducer according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein:

the first speed is less than the second speed.

10. A rotary drilling rig is characterized in that:

the rotary drilling rig comprises a speed reducer according to any one of claims 1-9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to a speed reducer and a rotary drilling rig.

Background

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a speed reducer and a rotary drilling rig, which can reasonably match the speed ratio according to needs, so that the problem that a drilling tool is difficult to unload soil is solved.

The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:

in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a speed reducer, where the speed reducer includes a housing, an input shaft, a speed reduction assembly, and an output shaft, where the input shaft, the speed reduction assembly, and the output shaft are all rotatably engaged with the housing;

the speed reducing assembly comprises a clutch, a first planetary mechanism, a second planetary mechanism and a third planetary mechanism; the first planetary mechanism and the second planetary mechanism are in transmission connection with the input shaft, the third planetary mechanism is in transmission connection with the second planetary mechanism, and the third planetary mechanism is in transmission connection with the output shaft;

the speed reducer is provided with a first working state that the second planetary mechanism drives the third planetary mechanism to work so that the output shaft rotates at a first speed; and the first planetary mechanism and the second planetary mechanism work and jointly drive the third planetary mechanism to work so as to enable the output shaft to rotate at a second speed.

In an alternative embodiment, the first planetary mechanism includes a first planet gear, a first planet carrier, a first ring gear, and a first sun gear; the second planetary mechanism comprises a second planet wheel, a second planet carrier, a second gear ring and a second sun gear; the third planetary mechanism comprises a third planet wheel, a third planet support, a third gear ring and a third sun gear;

the central axis of the input shaft, the central axis of the first sun gear, the central axis of the second sun gear, the central axis of the third sun gear and the central axis of the output shaft are overlapped; the input shaft is in transmission connection with the first sun gear, the first sun gear is in transmission connection with the second sun gear, the first planet carrier is connected with the second ring gear, the second planet carrier is in transmission connection with the third sun gear, and the third planet carrier is in transmission connection with the output shaft;

when the speed reducer is in a first working state, the rotation of the first planet carrier and the second gear ring is limited, the input shaft drives the first sun gear and the second sun gear to synchronously rotate, the first sun gear drives the first gear ring to rotate, and the second sun gear drives the second planet carrier to rotate; the second planet carrier drives the third planet carrier to rotate, and the third planet carrier drives the output shaft to rotate at a first speed;

when the speed reducer is in a second working state, the rotation of the first gear ring is limited, the input shaft drives the first sun gear and the second sun gear to synchronously rotate, the first sun gear drives the first planet support to rotate, the first planet support drives the second gear ring to rotate, and the second gear ring and the second sun gear simultaneously drive the second planet support to rotate; the second planet carrier rotates the third planet carrier, which rotates the output shaft at a second speed.

In an optional embodiment, one end of the input shaft connected with the first sun gear is sleeved on the periphery of the first sun gear, and the input shaft is connected with the first sun gear in a key mode.

In an alternative embodiment, the first sun gear is made integral with the second sun gear.

In an alternative embodiment, the reduction assembly further comprises a flange plate connected to the first planet carrier and the second ring gear.

In an alternative embodiment, the clutch includes a piston, a first friction member, a second friction member, a first oil port, and a second oil port;

when the first oil port is in an oil inlet state and the second oil port is in an oil outlet state, the piston moves towards the direction close to the first friction piece under the action of hydraulic pressure, and the first friction piece works and limits the rotation of the flange, so that the speed reducer is in a first working state;

when the first oil port is in an oil outlet state and the second oil port is in an oil inlet state, the piston moves towards the direction close to the second friction piece under the action of hydraulic pressure, and the second friction piece works and limits the rotation of the first gear ring, so that the speed reducer is in a second working state.

In an optional embodiment, the first friction member comprises a first outer friction plate and a first inner friction plate, the first outer friction plate and the first inner friction plate are arranged in a staggered manner, the first outer friction plate is connected with the shell, and the first inner friction plate is connected with the flange; when the speed reducer is in a first working state, the first outer friction plate is tightly propped against the first inner friction plate;

the second friction piece comprises a second outer friction piece and a second inner friction piece, the second outer friction piece and the second inner friction piece are arranged in a staggered mode, the second outer friction piece is connected with the shell, and the second inner friction piece is connected with the first gear ring; when the speed reducer is in a second working state, the second outer friction plate is tightly propped against the second inner friction plate.

In an optional embodiment, along the central axis direction of the input shaft, the housing is provided with an oil injection port, an oil return port and an oil inlet in sequence.

In an alternative embodiment, the first speed is less than the second speed.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rotary drilling rig, which includes a speed reducer according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.

The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the speed reduction assembly of the speed reducer comprises a clutch, a first planetary mechanism, a second planetary mechanism and a third planetary mechanism. The first planetary mechanism and the second planetary mechanism are in transmission connection with the input shaft, the third planetary mechanism is in transmission connection with the second planetary mechanism, and the third planetary mechanism is in transmission connection with the output shaft. The speed reducer is provided with a first working state that the second planetary mechanism drives the third planetary mechanism to work so that the output shaft rotates at a first speed; and the first planetary mechanism and the second planetary mechanism work and jointly drive the third planetary mechanism to work so as to enable the output shaft to rotate at a second speed.

Therefore, the speed reducer can be switched between the first working state and the second working state through the clutch, so that the speed reducer has different speed ratios, the speed ratios are reasonably matched according to needs under different conditions, and the problem of difficulty in soil unloading of the drilling tool is avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the installation of a first planetary mechanism in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the second planetary mechanism and the third planetary mechanism installed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the section IV in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the section V in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of an oil injection port, an oil return port and an oil inlet in the embodiment of the present invention.

The icon is 200-speed reducer; 201-a housing; 202-an input shaft; 203-a speed reduction assembly; 204-an output shaft; 210-a clutch; 220-a first planetary mechanism; 230-a second planetary mechanism; 240-third planetary mechanism; 221-a first planet; 222-a first planet carrier; 223-a first ring gear; 224-a first sun gear; 231-second planet; 232-a second planet carrier; 233-a second gear ring; 234-a second sun gear; 241-a third planet; 242-a third planet carrier; 243-third ring gear; 244-a third sun gear; 250-a flange plate; 211-a piston; 212-a first friction member; 213-a second friction member; 214-a first oil port; 215-a second oil port; 2121-first outer friction plate; 2122-first inner friction plate; 2131-a second outer friction plate; 2132-a second inner friction plate; 205-oil injection port; 206-oil return port; 207-oil inlet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 to 3 show a structure of a speed reducer according to an embodiment of the present invention; the present embodiment provides a speed reducer 200, the speed reducer 200 includes a housing 201, an input shaft 202, a speed reduction assembly 203 and an output shaft 204, and the input shaft 202, the speed reduction assembly 203 and the output shaft 204 are all rotatably engaged with the housing 201.

The speed reduction assembly 203 includes a clutch 210, a first planetary mechanism 220, a second planetary mechanism 230, and a third planetary mechanism 240; the first planetary mechanism 220 and the second planetary mechanism 230 are in transmission connection with the input shaft 202, the third planetary mechanism 240 is in transmission connection with the second planetary mechanism 230, and the third planetary mechanism 240 is in transmission connection with the output shaft 204.

The reduction gear 200 has a first operation state in which the second planetary mechanism 230 drives the third planetary mechanism 240 to operate so that the output shaft 204 rotates at a first speed; and a second operating state in which the first planetary mechanism 220 and the second planetary mechanism 230 operate and drive the third planetary mechanism 240 together to rotate the output shaft 204 at a second speed.

It should be noted that the first speed is different from the second speed, which means that when the input speed of the input shaft 202 is the same, the output speed of the output shaft 204 is different due to different operating states of the speed reducer 200, that is, when the speed reducer 200 is in the first operating state or the second operating state, the speed ratios in the two states are different. And under the condition that the input speed of the input shaft 202 is the same, the first speed is lower than the second speed, that is, the speed ratio of the speed reducer 200 in the first working state is higher than that in the second working state.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the operation principle of the speed reducer 200 is as follows:

the reduction gear unit 203 of the reduction gear unit 200 includes a clutch 210, a first planetary mechanism 220, a second planetary mechanism 230, and a third planetary mechanism 240. The first planetary mechanism 220 and the second planetary mechanism 230 are in transmission connection with the input shaft 202, the third planetary mechanism 240 is in transmission connection with the second planetary mechanism 230, and the third planetary mechanism 240 is in transmission connection with the output shaft 204. The reducer 200 has a first operating state in which the second planetary mechanism 230 drives the third planetary mechanism 240 to operate so that the output shaft 204 rotates at a first speed; and a second operating state in which the first planetary mechanism 220 and the second planetary mechanism 230 operate and drive the third planetary mechanism 240 together to rotate the output shaft 204 at a second speed.

Therefore, the speed reducer 200 can be switched between the first working state and the second working state through the clutch 210, so that the speed reducer 200 has different speed ratios, the speed ratios can be reasonably matched according to needs under different conditions, the speed reducer 200 can be in the first working state in the soil unloading process, the output shaft 204 is in the working state with high speed, and the problem that the soil unloading of a drilling tool is difficult is avoided.

Further, referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, based on the above manner, in the present embodiment, when the first planetary mechanism 220 is disposed, the first planetary mechanism 220 includes a first planet wheel 221, a first planet carrier 222, a first ring gear 223, and a first sun gear 224; the transmission connection manner among the first planet wheel 221, the first planet carrier 222, the first ring gear 223 and the first sun gear 224 is the same as that of the prior art;

when the second planetary mechanism 230 is provided, the second planetary mechanism 230 includes a second planetary gear 231, a second planetary carrier 232, a second ring gear 233, and a second sun gear 234; the transmission connection mode among the second planet wheel 231, the second planet carrier 232, the second ring gear 233 and the second sun gear 234 is the same as that of the prior art;

when the third planetary mechanism 240 is provided, the third planetary mechanism 240 includes a third planetary gear 241, a third planetary carrier 242, a third ring gear 243, and a third sun gear 244; the transmission connection mode among the third planet wheel 241, the third planet carrier 242, the third ring gear 243 and the third sun gear 244 is the same as that of the prior art;

and the center axis of the input shaft 202, the center axis of the first sun gear 224, the center axis of the second sun gear 234, the center axis of the third sun gear 244, and the center axis of the output shaft 204 coincide.

The input shaft 202 is in transmission connection with the first sun gear 224, and the first sun gear 224 is in transmission connection with the second sun gear 234, so that the first sun gear 224 and the second sun gear 234 can be driven to rotate synchronously during the rotation of the input shaft 202. Secondly, the first planet carrier 222 is connected with the second ring gear 233 to drive the second ring gear 233 to rotate during the rotation of the first planet carrier 222, or to limit the rotation of the second ring gear 233 when the rotation of the first planet carrier 222 is limited; in addition, the second planet carrier 232 is drivingly connected to the third sun gear 244 for driving rotation of the third sun gear 244 when the second planet carrier 232 rotates; the third planet carrier 242 is drivingly connected to the output shaft 204 to drive the output shaft 204 in rotation when the third planet carrier 242 rotates.

Therefore, when the speed reducer 200 is in the first operating state in which the second planetary mechanism 230 drives the third planetary mechanism 240 to operate, since the output shaft 204 rotates synchronously with the first sun gear 224 and the second sun gear 234, in order to prevent the first planetary mechanism 220 from rotating during movement, the rotation of the first carrier 222 drives the second ring gear 233 to rotate, so that the rotation of the first carrier 222 and the second ring gear 233 can be limited; thus, when the input shaft 202 drives the first sun gear 224 and the second sun gear 234 to rotate synchronously, the rotation of the first sun gear 224 drives the first ring gear 223 to rotate, while the rotation of the second sun gear 234 drives the second planet carrier 232 to rotate, so that the third planet carrier 242 can be driven to rotate by the rotation of the second planet carrier 232, and the output shaft 204 can be driven to rotate at the first speed by the third planet carrier 242.

When the reducer 200 is in the second operating state in which the first planetary mechanism 220 and the second planetary mechanism 230 operate and drive the third planetary mechanism 240 to operate together, the output shaft 204 rotates synchronously with the first sun gear 224 and the second sun gear 234, so that the first planetary mechanism 220 can drive the second ring gear 233 to rotate during the movement, and the rotation of the first ring gear can be limited; at this time, since the rotation of the first ring gear 223 is restricted, the input shaft 202 drives the first sun gear 224 and the second sun gear 234 to rotate synchronously, the first sun gear 224 drives the first planet carrier 222 to rotate, and since the first planet carrier 222 is connected to the second ring gear 233, the rotation of the first planet carrier 222 can drive the second ring gear 233 to rotate; at the same time, the rotation of the second sun gear 234 can drive the second planet gears 231 to rotate, and the rotation of the second sun gear 234 can drive the second planet carrier to rotate; that is, at this time, the second ring gear 233 and the second sun gear 234 simultaneously drive the second planet carrier 232 to rotate, so that the output shaft 204 can be driven to rotate at the second speed by the third planet carrier 242 after the second planet carrier 232 drives the third planet carrier 242 to rotate.

Further, in the present embodiment, in the transmission process, in order to enable the power of the input shaft 202 to be transmitted to the first sun gear 224, an end of the input shaft 202 connected to the first sun gear 224 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the first sun gear 224, and the input shaft 202 is connected to the first sun gear 224 in a key manner. Next, in order to enable the first sun gear 224 and the second sun gear 234 to rotate synchronously, the first sun gear 224 and the second sun gear 234 are integrally formed.

In addition, since the reduction gear 200 restricts the rotation of the first carrier and the second ring gear 233 when it is in the first operating state, in the present embodiment, in order to restrict the rotation of the first carrier and the second ring gear 233 at the same time by the operation of the clutch 210, the reduction gear 203 further includes the flange 250, and the flange 250 is connected to the first carrier 222 and the second ring gear 233, so that the rotation of the first carrier and the second ring gear 233 can be restricted by restricting the rotation of the flange 250.

Further, referring to fig. 1-3, in the present embodiment, when the clutch 210 is disposed, the clutch 210 may include a piston 211, a first friction member 212, a second friction member 213, a first oil port 214, and a second oil port 215.

It should be noted that the motion state of the piston 211 can be adjusted by adjusting the oil inlet/outlet states of the first oil port 214 and the second oil port 215, so that the piston 211 drives the first friction element 212 or the second friction element 213 to move, thereby adjusting the working state of the speed reducer 200.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4 and 5 in conjunction with fig. 1-3, fig. 4 and 5 respectively show the structures of the first friction member and the second friction member in the embodiment of the present invention; in this embodiment, when the first friction member 212 and the second friction member 213 are disposed, the first friction member 212 includes a first outer friction plate 2121 and a first inner friction plate 2122, the first outer friction plate 2121 and the first inner friction plate 2122 are disposed in a staggered manner, the first outer friction plate 2121 is connected to the housing 201, and the first inner friction plate 2122 is connected to the flange; the second friction member 213 includes a second outer friction plate 2131 and a second inner friction plate 2132, the second outer friction plate 2131 and the second inner friction plate 2132 are disposed alternately, the second outer friction plate 2131 is connected with the casing 201, and the second inner friction plate 2132 is connected with the first ring gear 223.

Therefore, when the first oil port 214 is in an oil inlet state and the second oil port 215 is in an oil outlet state, the piston 211 moves towards the direction close to the first friction piece 212 under the action of hydraulic pressure, and the first outer friction plate 2121 and the first inner friction plate 2122 abut against each other and limit the rotation of the flange, so that the speed reducer 200 is in a first working state;

when the first oil port 214 is in an oil outlet state and the second oil port 215 is in an oil inlet state, the piston 211 moves towards the direction close to the second friction member 213 under the action of hydraulic pressure, and the second outer friction plate 2131 and the second inner friction plate 2132 abut against each other and limit the rotation of the first gear ring 223, so that the speed reducer 200 is in a second working state.

Further, please refer to fig. 6, fig. 6 shows the structure of the oil injection port, the oil return port and the oil inlet in the embodiment of the present invention; the speed reducer 200 adopts a gear oil spraying and soaking mixed circulation lubrication mode, and specifically, along the central axis direction of the input shaft 202, the shell 201 is sequentially provided with an oil injection port 205, an oil return port 206 and an oil inlet 207. In addition, along the central axis direction of the input shaft 202, the oil injection port 205 and the oil inlet 207 are respectively located at two ends of the housing 201, the oil injection port 205 is close to the input shaft 202, the oil inlet 207 is close to the output shaft 204, and the oil return port 206 is located at the middle position of the housing 201; the oil is kept balanced in a circulating mode, the rotating resistance of the high-speed input end is reduced, the oil temperature of the whole machine is reduced, and the use reliability is improved.

Based on the speed reducer 200, the embodiment of the invention provides a rotary drilling rig, which comprises the speed reducer 200.

The speed reducer 200 has a first operating state and a second operating state, and the first operating state has a larger speed ratio and a larger torque than the second operating state; therefore, when the drilling rig is in a rotary digging state, the speed reducer 200 is in a first working state with a large speed ratio and a large torque; when the rotary drilling rig is in the unloading state, the speed reducer 200 is in a second working state with a smaller speed.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.