阅读说明：本技术 单极板、双极板及燃料电池 (Unipolar plate, bipolar plate and fuel cell ) 是由 魏宇鸿 张永 肖彪 于 2020-04-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种单极板、双极板及燃料电池,单极板包括：板体,板体上设有流场区；流道口,流道口包括端部流道口、中间流道口,端部流道口设置在流场区的端部,中间流道口设置在流场区的内部,中间流道口能够与端部流道口形成气体流通通道。本发明的单极板,在流场区的中部开设中间流道口,中间流道口与端部流道口之间的形成分段式流通通道,保证流场区两段的气体供应更加均匀,提高了流场区的反应效率,从而提高了单极板的性能。(The invention provides a unipolar plate, a bipolar plate and a fuel cell, the unipolar plate includes: the plate body is provided with a flow field area; the flow channel openings comprise end flow channel openings and middle flow channel openings, the end flow channel openings are arranged at the ends of the flow field area, the middle flow channel openings are arranged inside the flow field area, and the middle flow channel openings and the end flow channel openings can form a gas circulation channel. The middle runner port is arranged in the middle of the flow field area, and the sectional type flow channel is formed between the middle runner port and the end runner port, so that the gas supply of the two sections of the flow field area is more uniform, the reaction efficiency of the flow field area is improved, and the performance of the unipolar plate is improved.)

1. A unipolar plate, comprising:

the plate body (1), the plate body (1) is provided with a flow field area (2);

the runner port, the runner port includes tip runner port, middle runner port (5), the tip runner port sets up the tip of flow field area (2), middle runner port (5) set up the inside of flow field area (2), middle runner port (5) can with the tip runner port forms gaseous circulation passageway.

2. The unipolar plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the end port openings comprise a first end port opening (3) and a second end port opening (4), the first end port opening (3) and the second end port opening (4) being arranged at the two ends of the flow field region (2), respectively, the intermediate port opening (5) being able to form two gas flow channels with the first end port opening (3) and the second end port opening (4), respectively.

3. The unipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate flow openings (5) are gas flow inlets and the end flow openings are gas flow outlets.

4. The unipolar plate according to claim 2, wherein the first end port opening (3) and the second end port opening (4) are respectively disposed at two ends of the flow field region (2) along the length direction, the intermediate port opening (5) is disposed at a port symmetry line of the flow field region (2) along the length direction, a flow path of a gas flow channel between the intermediate port opening (5) and the first end port opening (3) is S1, and a flow path of a gas flow channel between the intermediate port opening (5) and the second end port opening (4) is S2, and S1 is S2.

5. The unipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the end-stream openings comprise oxidant end-stream openings, fuel end-stream openings, and/or wherein the intermediate-stream openings (5) comprise oxidant intermediate-stream openings (5), fuel intermediate-stream openings (5).

6. The unipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein the plate body (1) is further provided with coolant flow channel openings (6), the coolant flow channel openings (6) being provided at the ends of the flow field region (2) in the width direction.

7. Unipolar plate according to claim 1, characterised in that the plate body (1) is provided with positioning steps for positioning of the unipolar plates when stacked and/or the flow field region (2) is provided with corrugated flow channels (9) and/or the plate body (1) is provided with positioning holes (7) for assembly positioning.

8. Unipolar plate according to claim 1, characterised in that around the flow opening a reinforcing structure (8) is provided.

9. Unipolar plate according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the plate body (1) is stamped from a metal sheet with a thickness of 0.1mm to 0.2mm, with a stamping depth of 0.2mm to 0.7mm and a width of the corrugated flow channels (9) of 1mm to 2 mm.

10. A bipolar plate comprising two unipolar plates according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A bipolar plate according to claim 10, wherein the two unipolar plates are assembled back to back, the corrugated flow channels (9) of the outwardly facing flow field region (2) of the two unipolar plates forming primary flow channels for the flow of the reaction gases, and the space between the two unipolar plates forming flow channels for a cooling liquid.

12. A fuel cell comprising a unipolar plate according to any one of claims 1 to 9, or a bipolar plate according to claim 10 or 11.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a metal single plate, a bipolar plate and a fuel cell.

Background

The bipolar plate is one of the core components of the fuel cell and has the functions of collecting current, supporting a membrane electrode and uniformly distributing reaction gas. The metal bipolar plate is generally formed by processing two metal single plates through a welding process, a flow channel for flowing reaction gas is arranged on the surface of each single plate, and a space between the two plates is used as a flowing channel of cooling liquid. When the polar plate is designed, considering the difficulty of production and processing, the metal single plate is generally designed into a long and narrow type and the polar plate structure is completely the same, that is, each metal single plate can be obtained by stamping through a synonymous die. For the long and narrow polar plate, the problems of insufficient fluid supply and uneven gas distribution caused by unreasonable design of a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet are easy to occur.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the unipolar plate is prone to fluid supply insufficiency and gas distribution unevenness caused by unreasonable fluid inlet and outlet designs, thereby providing a metal single plate, a bipolar plate and a fuel cell.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a unipolar plate including:

the plate body is provided with a flow field area;

the flow channel openings comprise end flow channel openings and middle flow channel openings, the end flow channel openings are arranged at the ends of the flow field area, the middle flow channel openings are arranged inside the flow field area, and the middle flow channel openings and the end flow channel openings can form a gas circulation channel.

The object of the present invention and the technical problems solved thereby can be further achieved by the following technical measures.

Preferably, the end flow port comprises a first end flow port and a second end flow port, the first end flow port and the second end flow port are respectively arranged at two ends of the flow field area, and the middle flow port can respectively form two gas circulation channels with the first end flow port and the second end flow port.

Preferably, the intermediate flow opening is a gas inlet and the end flow openings are gas outlets.

Preferably, the first end port and the second end port are respectively arranged at two ends of the flow field region along the length direction, the middle port is arranged at the midpoint of the flow field region along the length direction, the flow of the gas flow channel between the middle port and the first end port is S1, and the flow of the gas flow channel between the middle port and the second end port is S2, and S1 is S2.

Preferably, the end stream openings comprise oxidant end stream openings, fuel end stream openings, and/or the intermediate stream openings comprise oxidant intermediate stream openings, fuel intermediate stream openings.

Preferably, the plate body is further provided with a coolant flow port, and the coolant flow port is provided at an end of the flow field region in the width direction.

Preferably, the plate body is provided with a positioning step for positioning when the unipolar plates are stacked, and/or the flow field area is provided with a corrugated flow channel, and/or the plate body is provided with a positioning hole for assembling and positioning.

Preferably, a reinforcing structure is arranged around the runner port.

Preferably, the plate body is formed by punching a metal sheet with the thickness of 0.1mm-0.2mm, the punching depth is 0.2mm-0.7mm, and the width of the corrugated flow channel is 1mm-2 mm.

A bipolar plate includes two unipolar plates.

The object of the present invention and the technical problems solved thereby can be further achieved by the following technical measures.

Preferably, the two unipolar plates are assembled back to back, the corrugated flow channel of the flow field region facing the outside of the two unipolar plates forms a main flow channel for the reaction gas to flow through, and the space between the two unipolar plates forms a flow channel for the coolant.

A fuel cell comprising the above-described unipolar plate, or the above-described bipolar plate.

The unipolar plate, the bipolar plate and the fuel cell provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:

the middle runner port is arranged in the middle of the flow field area, and the sectional type flow channel is formed between the middle runner port and the end runner port, so that the gas supply of the two sections of the flow field area is more uniform, the reaction efficiency of the flow field area is improved, and the performance of the unipolar plate is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a unipolar plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The reference numerals are represented as:

1. a plate body; 2. a flow field region; 3. a first end runner port; 31. an oxidant first end runner port; 32. a fuel first end runner port; 4. a second end runner port; 41. an oxidant second end runner port; 42. a fuel second end port; 5. a middle runner port; 51. a fuel intermediate runner port; 52. an oxidant intermediate runner port; 6. a coolant flow port; 7. positioning holes; 8. a reinforcing structure; 9. a corrugated flow channel.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a unipolar plate, including: the plate body 1 is provided with a flow field area 2; the runner port comprises an end runner port and a middle runner port 5, wherein the end runner port is arranged at the end part of the flow field area 2, the middle runner port 5 is arranged inside the flow field area 2, and the middle runner port 5 and the end runner port can form a gas circulation channel.

The unipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention solves the problem of uneven air flow supply caused by unreasonable arrangement of the fluid inlet and outlet in the prior art, and particularly aims at a long and narrow unipolar plate, the flow field area of the unipolar plate has an obvious rectangular layout, the length of the unipolar plate is larger than the width of the unipolar plate, reaction gas flows in from the inlet of one section and can reach the outlet only through a longer flow path, and the gas supply in the first half-flow path is obviously higher than that in the second half-flow path in the long-flow-path flow process, so that the performance of the unipolar plate is influenced. Therefore, for the special unipolar plate, the middle runner port 5 is arranged in the middle of the flow field area 2, and a sectional type flow channel is formed between the middle runner port 5 and the end runner port, so that the gas supply of two sections of the flow field area 2 is more uniform, the reaction efficiency of the flow field area 2 is improved, and the performance of the unipolar plate is improved.

Preferably, the end level openings include a first end level opening 3 and a second end level opening 4, the first end level opening 3 and the second end level opening 4 are respectively arranged at two ends of the flow field area 2, and the middle level opening 5 can respectively form two gas circulation channels with the first end level opening 3 and the second end level opening 4. More preferably, the middle channel opening 5 is a gas inlet, the first end channel opening 3 and the second end channel opening 4 are gas outlets, and the gas flows in from the middle channel opening 5, is divided into two flows, flows to the two ends of the flow field area 2, and finally flows out through the first end channel opening 3 and the second end channel opening 4 respectively. The reaction gas is supplied more smoothly, the reaction gas in the flow field area 2 is distributed evenly, and the reaction efficiency of the unipolar plate is high.

Preferably, in order to ensure the maximum possible uniform distribution of the gas in the two-stage flow field region 2, the first end flow port 3 and the second end flow port 4 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the flow field region 2 along the length direction, the middle flow port 5 is arranged at the middle point of the flow field region 2 along the length direction, the flow of the gas flow channel between the middle flow port 5 and the first end flow port 3 is S1, the flow of the gas flow channel between the middle flow port 5 and the second end flow port 4 is S2, and S1 is S2, so as to ensure that the flows of the gas flowing out from the middle flow port 5 to the outlets of the two stages are equal, and further ensure the uniform supply of the reaction gas.

Preferably, the end stream port(s) include oxidant end stream port(s), fuel end stream port(s), and the particular first end stream port(s) 3 include oxidant first end stream port(s) 31, fuel first end stream port(s) 32, second end stream port(s) 4 include oxidant second end stream port(s) 41, fuel second end stream port(s) 42, and/or intermediate stream port(s) 5 include fuel intermediate stream port(s) 51, oxidant intermediate stream port(s) 52. The inlets and outlets of the same kind of reaction gas are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the reaction gas is ensured to flow through the flow field region 2 along the diagonal direction, and the reaction time is prolonged. The flow channel opening for introducing the oxidant and the flow channel opening for introducing the fuel can be consistent in size and can also be adjusted according to a certain proportion.

The unipolar plate is obtained by stamping the unipolar plate by the same die, so that the processing difficulty of the bipolar plate and the fuel cell is reduced, and the time and the efficiency are saved. The unipolar plate is provided with an inlet and an outlet of an oxidant and an inlet and an outlet of fuel at the same time, so that the universality is strong, and after the bipolar plate is stacked and assembled, only the inlet and the outlet which do not need to be used need to be sealed by adopting a sealing strip.

Preferably, in order to improve the heat dissipation performance of the unipolar plate, the plate body 1 is further provided with a coolant flow port 6, and the coolant flow port 6 is arranged at the end of the flow field region 2 in the width direction. Due to the shape characteristics of the elongated unipolar plate, a plurality of cooling liquid flow channel ports 6 can be arranged at the end part of the flow field region 2 in parallel, and the cooling liquid flow channel ports 6 at the two ends of the width are symmetrically arranged, so that the flow rate of the cooling liquid and the heat exchange efficiency are improved.

Preferably, the plate body 1 is provided with a positioning step, the positioning step is used for positioning when the unipolar plates are stacked, and the positioning step can be concave in form, so that the stamping and manufacturing are facilitated. The flow field region 2 is provided with a corrugated flow channel 9. The plate body 1 is provided with a positioning hole 7 for assembling and positioning.

Preferably, the plate body is formed by punching a metal sheet with the thickness of 0.1mm-0.2mm, the punching depth is 0.2mm-0.7mm, and the width of the corrugated flow channel is 1mm-2 mm.

Preferably, to increase the structural strength of the unipolar plates, a reinforcing structure 8 is provided around the runner opening. The additional strengthening 8 can also play the effect of supporting the unipolar board, including the effective interval between the unipolar board, guarantee the evenly distributed of coolant liquid, avoid causing the deformation damage of unipolar board under the circumstances that the high pressure pile pressure compressed tightly.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a bipolar plate which comprises two unipolar plates. The two unipolar plates are assembled back to back, the corrugated flow channel 9 of the flow field area 2 facing the outside of the two unipolar plates forms a main flow channel for the circulation of reaction gas, and a space between the two unipolar plates forms a flow channel for cooling liquid.

The bipolar plate provided by the embodiment of the invention can improve the flow uniformity of reaction fluid and cooling fluid and improve the output performance of a fuel cell.

A fuel cell comprising the above-described unipolar plate, or the above-described bipolar plate.

It is readily understood by a person skilled in the art that the advantageous ways described above can be freely combined, superimposed without conflict.

The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.