阅读说明：本技术 一种异型铜排的生产方法 (Production method of special-shaped copper bar ) 是由 刘云峰 胡景奕 励明 丁克健 王希臣 李丹丹 李涛 何志强 于 2020-05-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种异型铜排的生产方法,其工艺流程为上引连铸→无氧铜杆→挤压→拉拔→调直→检测,所述拉拔过程对于挤压铜杆的冷加工率为5-35％；所述调直过程是首先将经冷拉机拉拔后的铜排进行锯切,锯切长度为1-5米,然后将锯切后的铜排用调直机进行调直,调直行程为20mm-120mm。由于采用上述技术方案,本发明解决了异型铜排生产过程中的平直度不良问题,采用本发明的生产方法生产的异型铜排产品平直度较高,可装配性好,减少或杜绝了装配困难、以及由于装配不良导致的产品使用寿命短等问题；提升了产品合格率,降低了生产成本。(The invention provides a production method of a special-shaped copper bar, which comprises the following process flows of upward continuous casting → an oxygen-free copper rod → extrusion → drawing → straightening → detection, wherein the cold processing rate of the drawing process to the extruded copper rod is 5-35%; the straightening process comprises the steps of firstly sawing the copper bar drawn by the cold drawing machine, wherein the sawing length is 1-5 m, and then straightening the sawed copper bar by using a straightening machine, wherein the straightening stroke is 20-120 mm. By adopting the technical scheme, the problem of poor flatness in the production process of the special-shaped copper bar is solved, the special-shaped copper bar product produced by adopting the production method disclosed by the invention is high in flatness and good in assembly performance, and the problems of difficult assembly, short service life of the product caused by poor assembly and the like are reduced or eliminated; the product percent of pass is improved, and the production cost is reduced.)

1. The production method of the special-shaped copper bar comprises the following process flows of upward continuous casting → oxygen-free copper rod → extrusion → drawing → straightening → detection, and is characterized in that: the cold processing rate of the extruded copper rod in the drawing process is 5-35%; the straightening process comprises the steps of firstly sawing the copper bar drawn by the cold drawing machine, wherein the sawing length is 1-5 m, and then straightening the sawed copper bar by using a straightening machine, wherein the straightening stroke is 20-120 mm.

2. The production method of the special-shaped copper bar as claimed in claim 1, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: the straightening stroke in the straightening procedure corresponds to the cold working rate and the saw cutting length of the copper bar in the following steps:

for copper bars with the saw cutting length of 1-2m, the straightening stroke is 30-50mm when the cold processing rate is 5-10%, the straightening stroke is 25-40mm when the cold processing rate is 10-20%, and the straightening stroke is 20-35mm when the cold processing rate is 20-35%;

for copper bars with the saw cutting length of 2-3m, the straightening stroke is 50-80mm when the cold processing rate is 5% -10%, the straightening stroke is 40-75mm when the cold processing rate is 10% -20%, and the straightening stroke is 35-60mm when the cold processing rate is 20% -35%;

for copper bars with the saw cutting length of 3-5 m, the straightening stroke is 80-120mm when the cold processing rate is 5% -10%, the straightening stroke is 75-110mm when the cold processing rate is 10% -20%, and the straightening stroke is 60-90mm when the cold processing rate is 20% -35%.

3. The production method of the special-shaped copper bar as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: the straightness of the special-shaped copper bar is less than or equal to 5 mm/m.

4. The production method of the special-shaped copper bar as claimed in claim 3, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: the straightness of the special-shaped copper bar is less than or equal to 2 mm/m.

5. The production method of the special-shaped copper bar as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the production method comprises the following steps: the processing rate of the drawing process to the extruded copper rod is 15-25%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for processing and forming a material, in particular to a method for producing a special-shaped copper bar with high flatness.

Background

The continuous growth of water conservancy demand leads the continuous forward development of hydroelectric generator trade, and along with the continuous promotion of generator manufacturing technology, generator power is bigger and bigger, and the whole technical level of generator constantly improves, and the requirement to the heterotypic copper bar of rotor straight line portion copper line is higher and higher. The special-shaped copper bars of the copper wires on the linear part of the rotor are a key part of the rotor of the hydroelectric generator, and the two special-shaped copper bars are riveted through the middle rotor copper wire fixing block to jointly play a role in water cooling.

Compared with the common copper bar, the special-shaped copper bar has the advantages that the cross section is not square or rectangular, the shapes are various, and the special-shaped copper bar is L-shaped, Z-shaped, trapezoidal or polygonal and is different according to the design requirements of specific products of manufacturers. At present, most of the special-shaped copper bars for large hydraulic generators are formed by cold drawing of oxygen-free copper bars by a cold drawing machine after being extruded by a continuous extruder, and finally, the cold drawn products are straightened. The longer copper bar is higher to the straightness requirement, because the straightness is higher, the assembly nature is better, otherwise can appear assembling difficulty, life weak point scheduling problem. But because the drawing process rate of abnormal shape copper bar production is different to and saw cut the length difference, lead to follow-up alignment effect unsatisfactory, consequently need conditions such as comprehensive processing rate and saw cut length to match alignment technological parameter, the straightness of gained product is optimal.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to optimize the straightening process of a cold-drawn copper bar product aiming at the problem that the straightness of a special-shaped copper bar for a large hydraulic generator is difficult to ensure in the production process, and provides a production method of the special-shaped copper bar, which comprises the process flows of upward continuous casting → an oxygen-free copper bar → extrusion → drawing → straightening → detection, wherein the cold processing rate of the extrusion copper bar in the drawing process is 5-35%; the straightening process comprises the steps of firstly sawing the copper bar drawn by the cold drawing machine, wherein the sawing length is 1-5 m, and then straightening the sawed copper bar by using a straightening machine, wherein the straightening stroke is 20-120 mm.

Further, the corresponding relation between the straightening stroke and the cold machining rate in the straightening procedure and the sawing length of the copper bar is as follows:

for copper bars with the saw cutting length of 1-2m, the straightening stroke is 30-50mm when the cold processing rate is 5-10%, the straightening stroke is 25-40mm when the cold processing rate is 10-20%, and the straightening stroke is 20-35mm when the cold processing rate is 20-35%;

for copper bars with the saw cutting length of 2-3m, the straightening stroke is 50-80mm when the cold processing rate is 5% -10%, the straightening stroke is 40-75mm when the cold processing rate is 10% -20%, and the straightening stroke is 35-60mm when the cold processing rate is 20% -35%;

for copper bars with the saw cutting length of 3-5 m, the straightening stroke is 80-120mm when the cold processing rate is 5% -10%, the straightening stroke is 75-110mm when the cold processing rate is 10% -20%, and the straightening stroke is 60-90mm when the cold processing rate is 20% -35%.

Furthermore, the straightness of the special-shaped copper bar is less than or equal to 5 mm/m.

Furthermore, the straightness of the special-shaped copper bar is less than or equal to 2 mm/m.

Further, the drawing process has a working rate of 15 to 25% for the extruded copper rod.

The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the problem of poor flatness in the production process of the special-shaped copper bar is solved, and compared with the flatness of the special-shaped copper bar product which is drawn in the production process of the special-shaped copper bar in the prior art and can reach less than or equal to 12mm/m, the flatness of the product which is straightened by adopting the parameters disclosed by the invention can usually reach less than or equal to 5mm/m, and the flatness of the product in the best embodiment can reach about 2 mm/m. The special-shaped copper bar product produced by the production method has high flatness and good assembly performance, and reduces or avoids the problems of difficult assembly, short service life of the product caused by poor assembly and the like; the product percent of pass is improved, and the production cost is reduced.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following and detailed description.

The special-shaped copper bar for the large-scale hydraulic generator is extruded by an oxygen-free copper rod through a continuous extruder in the production process, then is formed by cold drawing through a cold drawing machine, and finally, the cold drawn product is straightened. Large-scale hydroelectric set generally is used for hydroelectric power generation, and long service life requires highly to each item index of product, especially heterotypic copper bar straightness, because single copper bar length is great and is greater than 4 meters usually, the difficult assurance of product straightness. The invention relates to a production method of a special-shaped copper bar, which mainly solves the problem of poor flatness of the special-shaped copper bar, and the process flow is upward continuous casting → an oxygen-free copper bar → extrusion → drawing → straightening → detection, wherein the cold processing rate of the drawing process to the extruded copper bar is 5-35%; the straightening process comprises the steps of firstly sawing the copper bar drawn by the cold drawing machine, wherein the sawing length is 1-5 m, and then straightening the sawed copper bar by using a straightening machine, wherein the straightening stroke is 20-120 mm.

Wherein, the straightening stroke in the straightening procedure corresponds to the cold working rate and the saw cutting length of the copper bar in the following relation:

in addition, the drawing process has the machining rate of 15-25% for extruded copper bars, because the machining rate is insufficient, the surface quality problem is caused, the machining rate is too high, the machining hardening degree of the copper bars tends to be saturated, and the subsequent straightening effect is poor.