阅读说明：本技术 一种大梁空中加长方法及大梁、起重机 (Girder air lengthening method, girder and crane ) 是由 王芝斌 熊丁根 黄宾 于 2020-05-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种大梁空中加长方法及大梁、起重机,其中大梁的空中加长方法包括如下步骤：S1,切割大梁,将大梁沿切割线进行切割,切割成大梁前段和悬臂段；S2,形成加长悬臂段,将加长段与所述悬臂段焊接成加长悬臂段；S3,安装加长悬臂段,将加长悬臂段安装在大梁前段,形成加长大梁；S4,安装加长大梁,更换大梁的前排拉杆,将加长大梁装在起重机上。本发明还公开了一种大梁和起重机,其中大梁为上述方法形成的加长大梁,起重机为包括上述加长大梁的起重机。本发明的大梁空中加长方法及大梁、起重机,在大梁加长过程中,无需使用大型履带吊及拆卸大梁、钢丝绳等,解决了改造费用高、耗费时间长及占用场地大的问题。(The invention discloses a girder air lengthening method, a girder and a crane, wherein the girder air lengthening method comprises the following steps: s1, cutting the girder, and cutting the girder along a cutting line to obtain a girder front section and a cantilever section; s2, forming a lengthened cantilever section, and welding the lengthened cantilever section and the cantilever section into the lengthened cantilever section; s3, mounting the lengthened cantilever section, and mounting the lengthened cantilever section on the front section of the girder to form the lengthened girder; and S4, installing the lengthened girder, replacing a front row pull rod of the girder, and installing the lengthened girder on the crane. The invention also discloses a girder and a crane, wherein the girder is the lengthened girder formed by the method, and the crane is the crane comprising the lengthened girder. According to the girder air lengthening method, the girder and the crane, a large crawler crane is not needed to be used and the girder, the steel wire rope and the like are not needed to be disassembled in the girder lengthening process, and the problems of high reconstruction cost, long consumed time and large occupied space are solved.)

1. A girder air lengthening method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, cutting the girder, and cutting the girder along a cutting line to obtain a girder front section and a cantilever section;

s2, forming a lengthened cantilever section, and welding the lengthened cantilever section and the cantilever section into the lengthened cantilever section;

s3, mounting the lengthened cantilever section, and mounting the lengthened cantilever section on the front section of the girder to form the lengthened girder;

and S4, installing the lengthened girder, replacing the front row of pull rods, and installing the lengthened girder on the crane.

2. A girder air-lengthening method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the extension section is a box body formed by an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate, an inner web plate and an outer web plate;

the upper flange plate is welded with the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the lower flange plate is welded with the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate are arranged in parallel;

the inner web plate is a bent plate; the outer side of the inner web plate is provided with a T-shaped rail bearing beam; a front pull rod ear plate is arranged on one side above the inner web plate; the front pull rod ear plate is provided with a shaft hole; a triangular rib plate is arranged between the front pull rod ear plate and the upper flange plate;

a plurality of transverse partition plates are arranged in the box body, the transverse partition plates are perpendicular to the upper flange plate/the lower flange plate, and long holes are formed in the transverse partition plates; the box is internally provided with a plurality of longitudinal ribs which are used for enhancing the stability of the box.

3. A girder air lengthening method according to claim 2, wherein a first connecting lug plate is provided on a land side of the front tie rod lug plate;

a second connecting small lug plate is arranged above the outer web plate and corresponds to the first connecting small lug plate; the first connecting small lug plate and the second connecting small lug plate are provided with shaft holes;

the top seats are symmetrically arranged on one side of the bottom of the lower flange plate and correspond to the first connecting small lug plate/the second connecting small lug plate;

and a small partition plate is arranged in the box body, a rib plate is arranged on the small partition plate, and the rib plate is aligned with the top seat.

4. A longeron air extension method of claim 3, wherein the front tie ear plate is spaced apart from the cantilevered section when the extension section is welded to the cantilevered section.

5. A girder air-lengthening method according to claim 4, wherein a step S30 is further provided before the step S3, wherein a support is installed at a cut line of a front section of the girder;

the support comprises an upper wing support and a lower wing support; the upper wing support is provided with a support ear plate, the support ear plate is provided with a shaft hole, the support ear plate corresponds to the first connecting small ear plate/the second connecting small ear plate, and the lower wing support corresponds to the top seat.

6. A longeron air lengthening method according to claim 5, wherein the step S3 includes the steps of:

s31, initially fixing, and hoisting the lengthened cantilever section to the cutting line of the front section of the girder; fixing a support lug plate of the front section of the crossbeam and a connecting small lug plate of the lengthened cantilever section through a pin shaft/bolt, and connecting a lower wing support of the front section of the crossbeam and a top seat of the lengthened cantilever section to complete the initial fixation of the front section of the crossbeam and the lengthened cantilever section;

s32, welding, namely welding the front section of the crossbeam and the lengthened cantilever section to form a lengthened crossbeam;

and S33, performing postweld treatment, performing nondestructive inspection on the welded lengthened girder, and removing the first connecting lug plate, the second connecting lug plate, the top seat and the support on the lengthened girder.

7. A longeron air lengthening method according to claim 6, wherein the step S4 includes the steps of:

s41, the lengthened girder is lifted through a pitching system of the crane, anchoring is carried out by using an anchoring device, and the connecting plate of the front row pull rod/the middle pull rod is detached;

s42, flattening the lengthened girder, and replacing the front-row tie rods to form new front-row tie rods; fixing a new front row of pull rods on front pull rod lug plates of the lengthened girder;

and S43, raising the lengthened girder again, anchoring by using an anchoring device, and installing the connecting plate on the new front row pull rod/middle pull rod.

8. A girder formed by an air-lengthening method of a girder according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A longeron of claim 8, wherein the elongated longeron includes a longeron forward section and an elongated cantilevered section; the front section of the crossbeam is welded with the lengthened cantilever section;

the lengthened cantilever section comprises a lengthened section and a cantilever section; the lengthening section is welded with the cantilever section;

the lengthened section is a box body formed by an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate, an inner web plate and an outer web plate;

the upper flange plate is welded with the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the lower flange plate is welded with the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the upper flange plate is parallel to the lower flange plate;

the inner web plate is a bent plate; the outer side of the inner web plate is provided with a T-shaped rail bearing beam; a front pull rod ear plate is arranged on one side, far away from the cantilever section, above the inner web plate; the front pull rod ear plate is provided with a shaft hole; a triangular rib plate is arranged between the front pull rod ear plate and the upper flange plate;

a plurality of transverse partition plates are arranged in the box body, the transverse partition plates are perpendicular to the upper flange plate/the lower flange plate/the inner web plate/the outer web plate, and long holes are formed in the transverse partition plates; a plurality of longitudinal ribs are arranged in the box body; a small partition plate is arranged in the box body, and a rib plate is arranged on the small partition plate.

10. A crane comprising a girder according to claim 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a girder lengthening technology of a crane, in particular to a girder air lengthening method, a girder and a crane.

Background

At present, with the continuous appearance of large container ships, the reach of a container crane on the bank in service increasingly cannot meet the loading and unloading requirements of the ships, and a front girder of the crane needs to be lengthened; when the girder needs to be lengthened more, the girder lengthening section needs to be added between the front row pull rod and the middle pull rod, so that the cantilever length of the front girder is reduced, and the structural strength is ensured. At present, when the girder lengthening section is arranged between the front row of pull rods and the rear row of pull rods of the front girder, the girder is usually lifted to the ground by a crane for lengthening, or the crane is pulled back to a rear field from the front edge of a wharf, then the front girder is disassembled to the ground by a large-tonnage truck crane or crawler crane, the front girder is cut off and lengthened on the ground, and after the lengthening is finished, the front girder is arranged back to the crane by the crane, and the crane is pulled back to the front edge of the wharf and arranged on a crane track; the girder lengthening process is simple, safe and reliable, but some problems exist in the installation process: 1. the cost is high, the total weight of the front girder is more than 170t and is positioned at the high altitude of more than 40m, if the front girder is hoisted to the ground, the difficulty is very high, an extra-large crawler crane is needed for operation, the resources of the crane are very tight, the crane is difficult to trace in foreign markets, particularly in the middle east, Africa, south America and other foundations, the renting cost is very high even if the crane is found, and according to the process flow, the old front girder is disassembled, the front girder after being installed and modified needs to be hoisted twice, and the required cost is doubled; 2. the occupied site is large, the front girder is generally 60-70 m long, and the front girder is hoisted to the ground for construction, so that the normal operation of the wharf with the original site resource shortage can be influenced; 3. the workload is large, before the girder is disassembled, the hinge point of the girder, the front row of pull rods and the middle pull rod need to be disassembled, then the girder is hoisted to the ground, and the pitching steel wire rope is disassembled; after the longerons are lengthened, the work needs to be repeated, resulting in a longer work period and a larger workload.

In view of the above, it is desirable to develop a new crane girder and a lengthening method thereof, which do not need to use a large crawler crane and disassemble a girder and a steel wire rope during installation, thereby solving the problems of high reconstruction cost, long time consumption and large occupied space.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a girder air lengthening method, a girder and a crane, wherein a large crawler crane is not required to be used and the girder, a steel wire rope and the like are not required to be disassembled in the girder lengthening process, so that the problems of high reconstruction cost, long consumed time and large occupied space are solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a girder air lengthening method, which comprises the following steps: s1, cutting the girder, and cutting the girder along a cutting line to obtain a girder front section and a cantilever section; s2, lengthening the cantilever section, and welding the lengthened cantilever section and the cantilever section into a lengthened cantilever section; s3, mounting the lengthened cantilever section, and mounting the lengthened cantilever section on the front section of the girder to form the lengthened girder; and S4, installing the lengthened girder, replacing the front row of pull rods, and installing the lengthened girder on the crane.

Preferably, in step S2, the extension section is a box body formed by an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate, an inner web plate and an outer web plate; the upper flange plate is welded with the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the lower flange plate is welded with the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate are arranged in parallel; the inner web plate is a bent plate; the outer side of the inner web plate is provided with a T-shaped rail bearing beam; a front pull rod ear plate is arranged on one side above the inner web plate; the front pull rod ear plate is provided with a shaft hole; a triangular rib plate is arranged between the front pull rod ear plate and the upper flange plate; a plurality of transverse partition plates are arranged in the box body, the transverse partition plates are perpendicular to the upper flange plate/the lower flange plate, and long holes are formed in the transverse partition plates; the box is internally provided with a plurality of longitudinal ribs which are used for enhancing the stability of the box.

Preferably, the land side of the ear plate of the front pull rod is provided with a first connecting small ear plate; a second connecting small lug plate is arranged above the outer web plate and corresponds to the first connecting small lug plate; the first connecting small lug plate and the second connecting small lug plate are provided with shaft holes; the top seats are symmetrically arranged on one side of the bottom of the lower flange plate and correspond to the first connecting small lug plate/the second connecting small lug plate; and a small partition plate is arranged in the box body, a rib plate is arranged on the small partition plate, and the rib plate is aligned with the top seat.

Preferably, when the extension section is welded to the cantilever section, the front pull rod ear plate is far away from the cantilever section.

Preferably, a step S30 is further provided before the step S3, and a support is installed at the cutting line of the front section of the girder; the support comprises an upper wing support and a lower wing support; the upper wing support is provided with a support ear plate, the support ear plate is provided with a shaft hole, the support ear plate corresponds to the first connecting small ear plate/the second connecting small ear plate, and the lower wing support corresponds to the top seat.

Preferably, the step S3 includes the steps of: s31, initially fixing, and hoisting the lengthened cantilever section to the cutting line of the front section of the girder; fixing a support lug plate of the front section of the crossbeam and a connecting small lug plate of the lengthened cantilever section through a pin shaft/bolt, and connecting a lower wing support of the front section of the crossbeam and a top seat of the lengthened cantilever section to complete the initial fixation of the front section of the crossbeam and the lengthened cantilever section; s32, welding, namely welding the front section of the crossbeam and the lengthened cantilever section to form a lengthened crossbeam; and S33, performing postweld treatment, performing nondestructive inspection on the welded lengthened girder, and removing the first connecting lug plate, the second connecting lug plate, the top seat and the support on the lengthened girder.

Preferably, the step S4 includes the steps of: s41, the lengthened girder is lifted through a pitching system of the crane, anchoring is carried out by using an anchoring device, and the connecting plate of the front row pull rod/the middle pull rod is detached; s42, flattening the lengthened girder, and replacing the front-row tie rods to form new front-row tie rods; fixing a new front row of pull rods on front pull rod lug plates of the lengthened girder; and S43, raising the lengthened girder again, anchoring by using an anchoring device, and installing the connecting plate on the new front row pull rod/middle pull rod.

According to the girder provided by the invention, the girder is a lengthened girder formed in the girder air lengthening method.

Preferably, the lengthened girder comprises a girder front section and a lengthened cantilever section; the front section of the crossbeam is welded with the lengthened cantilever section; the lengthened cantilever section comprises a lengthened section and a cantilever section; the lengthening section is welded with the cantilever section; the lengthened section is a box body formed by an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate, an inner web plate and an outer web plate; the upper flange plate is welded with the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the lower flange plate is welded with the inner web plate and the outer web plate; the upper flange plate is parallel to the lower flange plate; the inner web plate is a bent plate; the outer side of the inner web plate is provided with a T-shaped rail bearing beam; a front pull rod ear plate is arranged on one side, far away from the cantilever section, above the inner web plate; the front pull rod ear plate is provided with a shaft hole; a triangular rib plate is arranged between the front pull rod ear plate and the upper flange plate; a plurality of transverse partition plates are arranged in the box body, the transverse partition plates are perpendicular to the upper flange plate/the lower flange plate/the inner web plate/the outer web plate, and long holes are formed in the transverse partition plates; a plurality of longitudinal ribs are arranged in the box body; a small partition plate is arranged in the box body, and a rib plate is arranged on the small partition plate.

According to the invention, the crane comprises the girder.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the girder air lengthening method, the process flow is improved, the operation of a large-scale crawler crane is not needed, so that the project which does not have the transformation condition originally can be implemented, the cost for renting the large-scale crawler crane is saved, and the problem of high transformation cost is solved;

2. according to the girder air lengthening method, in the girder lengthening process, the girder hinge point, the middle row pull rod, the pitching steel wire rope and the like do not need to be disassembled, so that the workload is low, the transformation time is saved, and the working efficiency is improved;

3. according to the girder air lengthening method, extra special wharf site resources are not needed in the girder lengthening process, and the influence on the normal operation of the wharf is small;

4. according to the lengthening section of the girder, the longitudinal ribs are arranged on the inner web plate, the outer web plate and the lower flange plate of the lengthening section, the transverse partition plate is arranged inside the box body of the lengthening section, so that the strength of the lengthening section is increased, and the strength structure of the girder is ensured by welding the front section/cantilever section of the girder with the lengthening section;

5. according to the girder and the crane, the lengthened section is assembled between the front row pull rod of the front girder of the crane (particularly the connection point of the front row pull rod of the front girder of the crane and the girder) and the cantilever section, so that the forward extension distance of the crane is increased, the structural strength of the front girder is ensured, and the loading and unloading requirements of large container ships can be met.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a longeron aerial lengthening method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a crane and a girder in the prior art (before lengthening);

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a crane and a girder according to the present invention (after being lengthened);

FIG. 4 is a front view of an elongated section of the present invention (without the front tie ear plate);

FIG. 5 is a front view of an elongated section of the present invention (with front tie ear panels);

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the elongated section of the present invention in the direction B;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the elongated cantilever segment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the bracket at the cut line of the front section of the girder of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of FIG. 8 taken along line A;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of an elongated girder according to the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of the enlarged girder being lifted in step S4 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the enlarged girder flattening in step S4 according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the present invention after the front row of tie bars have been replaced in step S4;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the installation of the enlarged long beam in step S4 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.