阅读说明：本技术 彩色皮感凸面仿大理石瓷砖及其制备方法 (Colored leather-feeling convex marble-imitated ceramic tile and preparation method thereof ) 是由 张松竹 尧高辉 吴文武 尹伟 陈琴云 于 2020-05-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种彩色皮感凸面仿大理石瓷砖及其制备方法。所述制备方法包括以下步骤：(1)在坯体上施底釉；(2)在施底釉后的坯体上施彩色皮感凸面釉；所述彩色皮感凸面釉包括彩色皮感凸面基础釉和色料；所述底釉的熔融温度高于所述彩色皮感凸面基础釉50-85℃,所述底釉的熔融温度为1130-1215℃,所述彩色皮感凸面基础釉的熔融温度为1100-1140℃；(3)将施彩色皮感凸面釉后的坯体烧成,得到所述彩色皮感凸面仿大理石瓷砖。(The invention discloses a colored leather-feeling convex marble-imitated ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) applying a base coat on the green body; (2) applying a colored skin-feel convex glaze on the blank body after the base glaze is applied; the colored leather-feeling convex glaze comprises colored leather-feeling convex base glaze and pigment; the melting temperature of the ground glaze is higher than 50-85 ℃ of the color skin-feel convex base glaze, the melting temperature of the ground glaze is 1130-1215 ℃, and the melting temperature of the color skin-feel convex base glaze is 1100-1140 ℃; (3) and firing the blank body after applying the colored skin-feel convex glaze to obtain the colored skin-feel convex marble-imitated ceramic tile.)

1. A preparation method of a colored leather-feeling convex marble-imitated ceramic tile is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) applying a base coat on the green body;

(2) applying a colored skin-feel convex glaze on the blank body after the base glaze is applied; the colored leather-feeling convex glaze comprises colored leather-feeling convex base glaze and pigment; the melting temperature of the ground glaze is higher than 50-85 ℃ of the color skin-feel convex base glaze, the melting temperature of the ground glaze is 1130-1215 ℃, and the melting temperature of the color skin-feel convex base glaze is 1100-1140 ℃;

(3) and firing the blank body after applying the colored skin-feel convex glaze to obtain the colored skin-feel convex marble-imitated ceramic tile.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the color skin-feel convex base glaze has a high temperature viscosity of 7500-9000 Pa-s at 1130-1170 ℃.

3. The production method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the colored skin-feel convex base glaze is a Si-saturated Ka-Na-Ba-Ca-Si-Al system in which the Si content is 55 to 60 wt%.

4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the chemical composition of the colored leather-feel convex base glaze comprises: 3.5 to 6.3 weight percent of potassium oxide, 3.3 to 6.1 weight percent of sodium oxide, 15.5 to 18.3 weight percent of barium oxide, 5.2 to 8.5 weight percent of calcium oxide, 55 to 60 weight percent of silicon dioxide, 7.2 to 9.6 weight percent of aluminum oxide and 0.5 to 0.7 weight percent of loss on ignition.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the colored leather-sense raised glaze is applied by screen printing; preferably, the specific gravity of the colored skin-feel raised glaze is 1.55-1.65, and the application amount is 500-600g/m²。

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the chemical composition of the under-glaze comprises: 17.5 to 19.3 weight percent of potassium oxide, 13.3 to 16.1 weight percent of sodium oxide, 9.2 to 10.3 weight percent of zirconium oxide, 34 to 45 weight percent of silicon dioxide, 20 to 23.5 weight percent of aluminum oxide and 0.6 to 0.8 weight percent of loss on ignition.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the ground coat is applied by means of spray coating; preferably, the specific gravity of the ground coat is 1.42-1.44, and the application amount is 670-²。

8. The method for preparing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the coefficient of expansion of the coloured leather-like raised glaze is higher than that of the ground glaze 3.6 × 10^-6-6.1×10^-6Preferably, the expansion coefficient of the colored skin-feel raised glaze is 10.1 × 10^-6-11.3×10^-6The expansion coefficient of the ground coat is 5.2 × 10/DEG C^-6-6.5×10^-6/℃。

9. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the maximum firing temperature is 1185-1230 ℃ and the firing period is 50-55 minutes.

10. The colored leather-feeling convex marble-imitated tile obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of architectural ceramics, in particular to a colored skin-feel convex marble-imitated ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof.

Background

At present, marble and marble-imitated glazed tiles are popular in the market, have the advantages of rich patterns, distinct layers and the like, particularly, the characteristics of the marble-imitated glazed tiles are better than those of natural marble materials, and can meet various requirements in daily decoration, but the marble-imitated glazed tiles have some defects, such as easy breakage and non-renewable sources of the marble materials, and the marble-imitated glazed tiles have renewability and become very smooth once contacting water when being used for household floor coverings, so that potential safety hazards are generated.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a colored leather-feeling convex marble-imitated tile and a preparation method thereof, wherein the colored leather-feeling convex marble-imitated tile has the characteristics of both marble and marble-imitated glazed tile, and can solve the non-skid disadvantage of glazed tile.

In a first aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of a colored leather-feeling convex marble-imitated tile, which comprises the following steps: (1) applying a base coat on the green body;

(2) applying a colored skin-feel convex glaze on the blank body after the base glaze is applied; the colored leather-feeling convex glaze comprises colored leather-feeling convex base glaze and pigment; the melting temperature of the ground glaze is higher than 50-85 ℃ of the color skin-feel convex base glaze, the melting temperature of the ground glaze is 1130-1215 ℃, and the melting temperature of the color skin-feel convex base glaze is 1100-1140 ℃;

(3) and firing the blank body after applying the colored skin-feel convex glaze to obtain the colored skin-feel convex marble-imitated ceramic tile.

The melting temperature of the ground glaze is higher than that of the colored skin-feel convex base glaze, so that the colored skin-feel convex base glaze enters a molten state in preference to the ground glaze, the loss-of-ignition components in the glaze are decomposed in advance, and the colored skin-feel convex base glaze is promoted to form a good skin-feel convex effect after being fired. If the melting temperature of the ground glaze is lower than that of the colored skin-feel convex base glaze, closed small glaze bubbles are easy to appear in the glaze layer formed by the colored skin-feel convex base glaze.

Preferably, the high-temperature viscosity of the color skin-feel convex base glaze at the temperature of 1130-1170 ℃ is 7500-9000Pa & s. The high-temperature viscosity of the color leather-feeling convex base glaze is within the range, the glaze material has low fluidity due to high viscosity in a high-temperature molten state, and the convex effect of the color leather-feeling convex base glaze in printing can be well maintained.

Preferably, the color skin-feel convex base glaze is a Ka-Na-Ba-Ca-Si-Al system with high Si content. Wherein the Si content is controlled between 55 and 60 wt%. The Si component has the main functions of improving the melting temperature and high-temperature viscosity of the glaze, reducing the fluidity and expansion coefficient of the glaze, reacting Si with Al to generate a mullite crystal phase, increasing the hardness of the glaze and enhancing the wear resistance of the glaze. And Ka, Ba and Na components are used as main fusing agents, so that the melting temperature of the basic glaze is reduced, and the transparency of the basic glaze is ensured. The melting temperature of the color skin-feel convex base glaze is between 1100-1140 ℃ by controlling the components.

Preferably, the chemical composition of the colored leather-feeling convex base glaze comprises: 3.5 to 6.3 weight percent of potassium oxide, 3.3 to 6.1 weight percent of sodium oxide, 15.5 to 18.3 weight percent of barium oxide, 5.2 to 8.5 weight percent of calcium oxide, 55 to 60 weight percent of silicon dioxide, 7.2 to 9.6 weight percent of aluminum oxide and 0.5 to 0.7 weight percent of loss on ignition.

Preferably, the application mode of the colored leather-feeling convex glaze is screen printing. The mesh number of the silk-screen printing is 40-80 meshes.

Preferably, the specific gravity of the colored skin-feel raised glaze is 1.55-1.65, and the application amount is 500-600g/m²。

Preferably, the chemical composition of the ground glaze comprises: 17.5 to 19.3 weight percent of potassium oxide, 13.3 to 16.1 weight percent of sodium oxide, 9.2 to 10.3 weight percent of zirconium oxide, 34 to 45 weight percent of silicon dioxide, 20 to 23.5 weight percent of aluminum oxide and 0.6 to 0.8 weight percent of loss on ignition.

Preferably, the base coat is applied by spraying glaze. In some embodiments, the ground coat has a specific gravity of 1.42-1.44 and is applied in an amount of 670-²。

Preferably, the color leather feelThe raised glaze has an expansion coefficient of 10.1 × 10^-6-11.3×10^-6The expansion coefficient of the ground coat is 5.2 × 10/DEG C^-6-6.5×10^-6In some embodiments, the colored skin-feel raised glaze has a higher coefficient of expansion than the base glaze by 3.6 × 10^-6-6.1×10^-6V. C. The expansion coefficient of the colored skin-feel convex glaze is kept higher than that of the ground glaze, so that the shrinkage strength of the glaze in a cooling zone of a kiln is ensured to be higher than that of the ground glaze, and the grain distance between convex glaze particles formed by the colored skin-feel convex glaze after firing is kept within a certain range. If the expansion coefficient of the colored skin-feel raised glaze is lower than that of the ground glaze, the particle distance between the original raised glaze particles during printing is easily shortened, and the raised glaze particles are extruded and deformed seriously. In some embodiments, the distance between adjacent raised glaze particles formed after firing of the colored leather-feel raised glaze is 0.3 to 0.8 mm.

Preferably, the maximum firing temperature of the firing is 1185-1230 ℃, and the firing period is 50-55 minutes.

Preferably, before the colored skin-feel convex glaze is applied, the base glaze is applied, and then the blank is subjected to ink-jet printing to form a pattern.

The colored leather-feeling convex marble-imitated ceramic tile obtained by the invention has the advantages of skid resistance on the surface, excellent colored raised glaze performance, capability of carrying marble texture printed patterns, capability of being comparable to the aesthetic feeling of texture and color of marble, far stronger skid resistance than a glazed marble ceramic tile and wide market prospect.

In a second aspect, the invention also provides the colored leather-feeling convex marble-imitated tile obtained by any one of the preparation methods. The antiskid friction coefficient of the color leather-feeling convex marble-imitated ceramic tile is not less than 0.70.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the surface effect of the colored skin-feel raised-glaze marble-imitated tile of example 2;

fig. 2 is a side perspective view of the colored skin-feel raised glaze marble-imitated tile of example 2.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are to be understood as merely illustrative and not restrictive. Herein, the ceramic body may also be referred to as a green brick or a green body. The skin feel refers to a feeling of having fine and uniform lines close to the skin and being soft and plump.

The colored leather-feeling convex overglaze can comprise colored leather-feeling convex base glaze and pigment. The color skin-feel convex base glaze takes Ka-Na-Ba-Ca-Si-Al as a formula system, and the color skin-feel convex base glaze has the advantages of moderate convex effect, fine and soft glaze surface, good elasticity, 22-25 degrees of glossiness, good visual effect and difficult generation of light pollution by controlling the content of silicon dioxide to be 55-60wt%, the content of barium oxide to be 15.5-18.3wt% and the content of calcium oxide to be 5.2-8.5 wt%. Wherein, the elasticity of the glaze is controlled by the barium oxide component, the glossiness of the glaze is controlled by the calcium oxide component, and the calcium oxide component interacts with small convex particles with glass texture formed by the silicon dioxide component to form an elastic skin feeling effect with low glossiness. If the content of silicon dioxide is less than 55%, the content of barium oxide is less than 10% and the content of calcium oxide is less than 5%, the raised skin effect is not strong, mainly because the content of silicon dioxide cannot form more vitreous components, and under the condition that the content of barium oxide and the content of calcium oxide are simultaneously low, the glossiness of the formed glaze effect is higher, and even possibly higher than 35 ℃; if the content of the silicon dioxide is higher than 60%, part of silicon dioxide components can not be completely melted to form a quartz crystal phase, the glaze surface is easy to be hardened due to too much quartz crystal phase, the protrusion effect is too strong, and the formed small particles are not fine and soft enough.

The action principle of the color leather-feeling convex base glaze formula system is as follows: ka, Na, Ba and Ca are used as fusing agents to reduce the melting temperature of the glaze; ba. Ca can be used as a flatting agent at the same time to control the glossiness of glaze; the effect of high-temperature viscosity of Si component is utilized, and the raising effect of glaze is controlled by means of controlling the content of Si component; the Al component and the Si component react to generate a part of mullite crystal phase structure, and the hardness of the main body structure of the glaze layer is ensured to reach the standard by depending on the stability of the mullite crystal phase structure.

In an alternative embodiment, the chemical composition of the colored leather-feeling convex base glaze comprises: 3.5 to 6.3 weight percent of potassium oxide, 3.3 to 6.1 weight percent of sodium oxide, 15.5 to 18.3 weight percent of barium oxide, 5.2 to 8.5 weight percent of calcium oxide, 55 to 60 weight percent of silicon dioxide, 7.2 to 9.6 weight percent of aluminum oxide and 0.5 to 0.7 weight percent of loss on ignition.

In some embodiments, the raw material composition of the colored leather-sense convex glaze can comprise: 5-10 wt% of potassium feldspar, 5-10 wt% of albite, 10-15 wt% of barium carbonate, 3-5 wt% of wollastonite, 70-75 wt% of quartz and 2-6 wt% of kaolin.

In order to enhance the decorative effect, pigments for common glaze and/or bright and stable coating pigments such as cobalt blue, coating red and coating golden yellow can be added into the colored skin-feel convex base glaze. Preferably, the addition proportion of the pigment in the colored leather-feeling convex base glaze is 0.1-0.5 wt%. By adjusting the adding proportion of the coating pigments, the colored skin-feel raised glaze with different color systems similar to rainbow colors can be prepared. The encapsulated colorants include, but are not limited to, encapsulated red. Wherein, the first colored glaze is prepared by adding 0.15 wt% of wrapping red and 0.15 wt% of cobalt blue pigment into a colored skin-feel convex base glaze; adding 0.25 wt% of coating red and 0.25 wt% of coating golden yellow into the colored skin-feel convex base glaze; and the third colored glaze is prepared by adding 0.35 wt% of cobalt blue pigment and 0.35 wt% of coating golden yellow into the colored skin-feel convex base glaze.

The colored skin-feel convex glaze can be obtained through the following preparation process: water and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are added into the raw materials of the colored skin-feel convex glaze, and then ball milling is carried out. The moisture content of glaze is controlled between 22.3 and 24.5 weight percent in the ball milling process. The proportion of the ball-milling auxiliary material low-viscosity sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is required to be higher than the using amount in the preparation of common glaze, the mass proportion is 0.5-0.7%, so that the flow rate of the glaze slurry after ball discharging is controlled for 80-120 seconds, and the convex effect can be better maintained after printing. If the flow rate of the glaze slip is lower than 80 seconds, the prepared glaze slip has poor viscosity and thin performance, is easy to be flattened by printing frictioning during printing, and has poor convex effect after printing; if the flow rate of the glaze slip is higher than 120 seconds, the viscosity of the glaze slip is too strong, the glaze slip is easy to adhere to a net during printing, the batch printing is difficult, and the phenomena of uneven printed particles, falling of particles and the like are caused.

The colored leather-feeling convex glaze provided by the invention adopts the glaze with single characteristic, so that the convex leather-feeling effect can be realized, and the defect caused by mutual mixing after screen sticking when the protrusions are formed by printing with various compositions of glaze is avoided.

The colored leather-feel convex glaze disclosed herein can be used for preparing colored leather-feel convex marble-imitated tiles. In one embodiment, the marble-like tile comprises a ceramic body layer, a ground glaze layer, an ink-jet decorative layer and a colored raised glaze layer from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the colored raised glaze layer is formed by the colored skin-feel raised glaze disclosed by the disclosure.

The colored leather-feeling convex marble-imitated ceramic tile has excellent surface anti-skid colored raised glaze performance, can be used for carrying marble texture printed patterns, can be comparable to the aesthetic feeling of texture and color of marble, has far stronger anti-skid performance than a glazed marble ceramic tile, and has wide market prospect.

The process flow of the colored leather-feeling convex marble-imitated ceramic tile can be as follows: pressing a blank, drying, spraying base glaze, carrying out ink-jet decoration, carrying out screen printing on colorful raised glaze and firing.

Hereinafter, a method for preparing the colored leather-feeling convex marble-imitated tile of the present invention will be described in an exemplary manner.

And preparing a ceramic body. The ceramic body can be obtained by pressing common ceramic base materials. For example, the raw material formula of the ceramic body comprises: by mass percentage, 15-17 wt% of high potassium sand, 14-16 wt% of green sand, 1-1.5 wt% of water coal slurry slag, 5-6 wt% of edging slag, 15-18 wt% of Nanhang sand, 13-15 wt% of sodium Wenyujin sand, 18-19 wt% of high sodium sand, 10-13 wt% of primary stone powder, 1-2 wt% of bentonite, 7-9 wt% of black mud, 1-2 wt% of calcined bauxite, 1-2 wt% of white talcum powder, 0.4 wt% of debonder and 0.4 wt% of water glass.

The green body may be dried, for example in a drying kiln. The drying time can be 1-1.2h, and the moisture of the dried blank is controlled within 6.8-7.2%. In some embodiments, the thickness of the green layer may be 10-10.5 mm.

And applying a base coat on the blank body for covering the base color of the blank and simultaneously facilitating the color development of ink for ink-jet printing. The chemical composition of the ground coat can comprise 17.8 wt% of potassium oxide, 15.3 wt% of sodium oxide, 9.8 wt% of zirconium oxide, 34 wt% of silicon dioxide, 22.5 wt% of aluminum oxide and 0.6 wt% of loss on ignition. Wherein the content of the aluminum oxide cannot be lower than 20 wt%, so that the body can exhaust sufficiently in the oxidation stage, and the defects of pores and the like are avoided.

In some embodiments, the raw material composition for preparing the ground glaze may include: 27% of potassium feldspar, 23% of albite, 6% of kaolin, 17% of calcined kaolin, 5% of quartz powder, 10% of zirconium silicate, 12% of calcined alumina, 0.26% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.4% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 40% of water.

The method has no special requirements on the preparation process of the ground coat, and can be used for preparing the glaze slip by adopting the conventional method in the field. The preparation method of the ground glaze can be as follows: weighing various raw materials according to the proportion, putting the raw materials into a ball mill, carrying out ball milling and sieving to obtain the ground glaze. Wherein, the ball milling process of the ground glaze can be that the ball flow rate is 50-70 seconds, and the fineness is 0.3-0.5 wt% of the screen residue with 325 meshes. The specific gravity of the glaze slip of the ground glaze can be 1.85-1.90.

The ground coat may be applied by spraying. The thickness of the ground coat layer may be 0.3-0.6 mm. The glaze spraying can adopt a spray booth, the pump pressure of the spray booth can be 9-12MPa, and the swing arm speed is 28 cycles/time. In some embodiments, the ground glaze has a specific gravity of 1.42-1.44, the atomization effect is optimal in the specific gravity range, and the ground glaze can well cover the surface of a green brick. The glazing amount can be 670-²Within this range, excellent covering effect on the surface of the green body can be ensured.

Subsequently, marble-grain decoration is performed on the surface of the ground coat. The decoration can be performed, for example, using an inkjet printed pattern.

In some embodiments, a scanner is used to scan the natural marble stone and then carry the marble texture print. For example, eight-channel split mode printing may be used. The ceramic ink used may be blue, reddish brown, orange, golden yellow, lemon yellow, black, red, etc. The decorative pattern, texture and color effect of the marble texture decorative effect are determined according to the design requirements.

And then, applying the colored skin-feel convex glaze on the surface of the blank after ink-jet printing. The thickness of the formed colored raised glaze layer can be 2-3.5 mm.

The application of the colored leather-feel raised glaze may use a lithographic process. For example, according to the expected brick surface design effect, N kinds of raised glaze with the same or different colors are alternately and cooperatively printed on the ground glaze by using N patterns with specific texture printing positions and printing area ratio not more than N times of the whole brick surface. Wherein, the 'special texture printing position of the flower net' needs to correspond to the 'color design effect of the brick surface'; secondly, the area ratio of each flower net is controlled to be less than N times of the brick surface, so that the brick surface effect with different colors and texture effects can be formed through multiple times of printing. In some embodiments, five screen flat-bed printers are used, and five screens which are thickened by 60 meshes for three times, have specific texture printing positions and occupy less than one fifth of the glaze surface are matched, so that five convex glazes with different colors are respectively matched and printed on the base glaze at corresponding positions of the blank surface alternately, and a strong contrast visual effect and a color convex effect are formed.

In addition, the melting temperature of the ground glaze is higher than that of the color leather-feeling convex glaze, and the high-temperature viscosity of the color leather-feeling convex glaze is ensured, so that the flowability and the softening degree of the color leather-feeling convex glaze at high temperature are small, the convex effect during printing is not easy to melt, and the convex effect before firing is still well maintained after firing.

The specific gravity of the colored skin-feel raised glaze can be 1.55-1.65, the raised glaze can be ensured to have higher component content and less other ignition loss components in the specific gravity range, and the raised effect can still be ensured after melting. The glazing amount of the colored skin-feel convex glaze can be 500-600g/m². The amount of glazing can cover a large range of the marble grain pattern within this range.

Then, firing is carried out, for example, low-temperature quick firing in a roller kiln. The firing period can be 50-55 minutes, and the maximum firing temperature can be 1185-1230 ℃. The sintering process should avoid long-time high temperature to prevent the convex base glaze from having poor protruding effect due to too high fluidity in the melting process.

In some embodiments, the firing may be followed by polishing. The polishing may be half polishing. The surface of the semi-finished product can be polished by the elastic module in the polishing process, so that the surface texture with better softness is formed.

The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. It is also to be understood that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and that certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention by those skilled in the art may be made in light of the above teachings. The specific process parameters and the like of the following examples are also only one example of suitable ranges, i.e., those skilled in the art can select the appropriate ranges through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific values exemplified below.