阅读说明：本技术 一种从均相废液中提取贵金属的工艺方法 (Process method for extracting noble metal from homogeneous phase waste liquid ) 是由 刘炳安 于 2019-09-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种从均相废液中提取贵金属的工艺方法,首先将均相废液加热至80-300℃,向加热后的均相废液中加入吸附剂,不断搅拌吸附,然后经过滤分离得到含有贵金属的吸附固相和贫相废液,并分别将其冷却至室温；将所获得的贫相废液经过适当的蒸馏分离,收得三苯基膦和轻质有机相；将所获得的含有贵金属的吸附固相进行高温灼烧处理以去除有机物,即得含有贵金属的固体渣；将得到的含有贵金属的固体渣经酸液溶解,再经提纯得到纯贵金属。本发明中的从均相废液中提取贵金属的工艺方法,具有低成本、回收率高、操作简便、环境友好等特点。(The invention discloses a process method for extracting noble metal from homogeneous phase waste liquid, which comprises the steps of heating the homogeneous phase waste liquid to 80-300 ℃, adding an adsorbent into the heated homogeneous phase waste liquid, continuously stirring and adsorbing, then filtering and separating to obtain an adsorption solid phase containing noble metal and a lean phase waste liquid, and respectively cooling the adsorption solid phase and the lean phase waste liquid to room temperature; carrying out appropriate distillation separation on the obtained lean phase waste liquid to obtain triphenylphosphine and a light organic phase; carrying out high-temperature firing treatment on the obtained adsorption solid phase containing the noble metal to remove organic matters, thus obtaining solid slag containing the noble metal; dissolving the obtained solid residue containing the noble metal by acid liquor, and purifying to obtain pure noble metal. The process method for extracting the noble metal from the homogeneous phase waste liquid has the characteristics of low cost, high recovery rate, simple and convenient operation, environmental friendliness and the like.)

1. A process method for extracting noble metal from homogeneous phase waste liquid is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, heating the homogeneous phase waste liquid to 80-300 ℃, adding an adsorbent into the heated homogeneous phase waste liquid, continuously stirring and adsorbing, then filtering and separating to obtain an adsorption solid phase containing noble metals and a lean phase waste liquid, and respectively cooling the adsorption solid phase and the lean phase waste liquid to room temperature;

s2, distilling and crystallizing the lean phase waste liquid obtained in the step S1 to obtain triphenylphosphine and a light organic phase;

s3, performing high-temperature burning treatment on the adsorption solid phase containing the noble metal obtained in the step S1 to remove organic matters, and obtaining solid slag containing the noble metal;

s4, dissolving the solid slag containing the precious metals obtained in the step S3 with acid liquor, and purifying to obtain pure precious metals.

2. The process of claim 1, wherein the adsorbent in step S1 is one or more selected from the group consisting of resin, silica gel, activated carbon, and diatomaceous earth.

3. The process of claim 2, wherein the adsorbent added in step S1 is 10-30% of the volume of the homogeneous waste liquid.

4. The process of claim 3, wherein the distillation and crystallization temperature in step S2 is 80-300 ℃.

5. The process of claim 4, wherein the high temperature ignition temperature in step S3 is 600-900 ℃.

6. The process method for extracting noble metals from homogeneous waste liquid according to claim 5, wherein the acid solution for dissolving the solid residue containing noble metals in step S4 is aqua regia, a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid/sodium chlorate or a mixed solution of hydrochloric acid/hydrogen peroxide.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of precious metal recovery, in particular to a process method for extracting precious metals from homogeneous-phase waste liquid.

Background

The noble metals mainly refer to gold, silver and platinum group metals, the platinum group metals comprise ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum, most of the metals have beautiful colors and high resistance to chemicals, and chemical reactions are not easily caused under common conditions, so the noble metals have high values and are widely applied to various fields. In recent years, the consumption of noble metals is increased year by year, but the abundance of the noble metals in the earth crust is low, the distribution is scattered, and the separation and the purification are difficult. In order to solve the contradiction between the shortage of resources and the increase in demand, one of the most important solutions is to recover and reuse precious metals from industrial waste liquid containing precious metals.

The noble metals mainly contained in the homogeneous industrial waste liquid comprise gold, silver, platinum, palladium and rhodium, the process method for extracting the noble metals from the homogeneous waste liquid is based on the prior art, the main recovery process is that the noble metals are directly burnt or directly evaporated at the temperature of 600-700 ℃, the obtained burnt ash or distillation residues are burnt, the obtained burning enrichment materials containing the noble metals are subjected to subsequent acid dissolution and separation and purification, and finally the pure metals are obtained. However, the equipment adopting the process has large investment at one time, and the following problems exist in the actual industrial production: the process has the advantages of severe operating environment, ineffective treatment and recycling of a large amount of triphenylphosphine left in distillation residues, low recovery rate of noble metals, certain explosion risk in the operating process, high operation and maintenance cost and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention aims to provide a process method for extracting precious metals from homogeneous-phase waste liquid, which has the characteristics of low cost, high recovery rate, simple and convenient operation, environmental friendliness and the like.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a process method for extracting noble metal from homogeneous phase waste liquid, which comprises the following steps:

s1, heating the homogeneous phase waste liquid to 80-300 ℃, adding an adsorbent into the heated homogeneous phase waste liquid, continuously stirring and adsorbing, then filtering and separating to obtain an adsorption solid phase containing noble metals and a lean phase waste liquid, and respectively cooling the adsorption solid phase and the lean phase waste liquid to room temperature;

s2, distilling and crystallizing the lean phase waste liquid obtained in the step S1 to respectively obtain triphenylphosphine and a light organic phase;

s3, performing high-temperature burning treatment on the adsorption solid phase containing the noble metal obtained in the step S1 to remove organic matters, and obtaining solid slag containing the noble metal;

s4, dissolving the solid slag containing the precious metals obtained in the step S3 with acid liquor, and purifying to obtain pure precious metals.

Preferably, the adsorbent in step S1 is one or a mixture of several of resin, silica gel, activated carbon and diatomite.

Preferably, the addition amount of the adsorbent in the step S1 is 10-30% of the volume of the homogeneous waste liquid.

Preferably, the distillation treatment temperature in the step S2 is 80-300 ℃.

Preferably, the high-temperature ignition temperature in the step S3 is 600-900 ℃.

Preferably, the acid solution for dissolving the solid residue containing the precious metal in step S4 is aqua regia, a hydrochloric acid/sodium chlorate mixed solution, or a hydrochloric acid/hydrogen peroxide mixed solution.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention takes homogeneous waste liquid containing noble metal as raw material, and adopts the processes of adsorption, distillation, incineration, acid dissolution and the like to treat, the noble metal in the homogeneous waste liquid is adsorbed to a solid phase, the lean waste liquid is distilled, crystallized and separated to obtain triphenylphosphine by-product and light organic phase which can be used as fuel, and the adsorbed solid phase containing noble metal is incinerated, dissolved and purified to obtain pure metal. The process has the advantages that: the treatment cost is lower, the process operation is simple and easy to control, the normal pressure operation is realized, the explosion risk is avoided, and the operation and maintenance cost is lower.

According to the process method for extracting the noble metal from the homogeneous-phase waste liquid, the one-time acid extraction rate of the noble metal is higher than 75%, and the total recovery rate of the noble metal can reach more than 95%; the process equipment used in the extraction process can be completely made into a home, and the one-time investment cost is greatly reduced; the whole process flow is simple and convenient to operate, control and use, the treatment amount of the homogeneous-phase waste liquid can be increased or decreased according to the actual production condition, flexible control on production management is achieved, and the maintenance cost in the treatment process is low.

Detailed Description