阅读说明：本技术 一种硼燃料电池及制造方法 (Boron fuel cell and manufacturing method thereof ) 是由 温术来 李向红 孙亮 赵寰宇 范家斌 诺力格尔 李鹏斐 于 2018-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种硼燃料电池及制造方法,硼燃料电池包括依次层叠连接的多孔阴极板(2)、阴极催化剂层(3)、固态氧化物电解质层(4)、阳极催化剂层(5)和多孔阳极板(6),所述的固态氧化物电解质层(4)为硼酸盐和固态氧化物混合的双电解质层。与现有技术相比,本发明采用高能量密度的硼单质为燃料,结合燃料电池的高转化率,可达到较高的能量输出；采用硼酸盐和固态氧化物结合的双电解质,可提高电解质和燃料硼粉的有效结合面积,提高转化效率。(The invention relates to a boron fuel cell and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the boron fuel cell comprises a porous cathode plate (2), a cathode catalyst layer (3), a solid oxide electrolyte layer (4), an anode catalyst layer (5) and a porous anode plate (6) which are sequentially connected in a stacked mode, and the solid oxide electrolyte layer (4) is a double electrolyte layer formed by mixing borate and solid oxide. Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts the boron simple substance with high energy density as the fuel, and can achieve higher energy output by combining with the high conversion rate of the fuel cell; the double electrolytes formed by combining borate and solid oxide can improve the effective combining area of the electrolytes and fuel boron powder and improve the conversion efficiency.)

1. The boron fuel cell is characterized by comprising a porous cathode plate (2), a cathode catalyst layer (3), a solid oxide electrolyte layer (4), an anode catalyst layer (5) and a porous anode plate (6) which are sequentially connected in a stacked mode, wherein the solid oxide electrolyte layer (4) is a double-electrolyte layer formed by mixing borate and solid oxide.

2. A boron fuel cell according to claim 1, further comprising a cathode current collector mesh (1) outside the porous cathode plate (2) and an anode current collector mesh (7) outside the porous anode plate (6).

3. A boron fuel cell according to claim 1, further comprising a ceramic tube (11), wherein the porous cathode plate (2), cathode catalyst layer (3), solid oxide electrolyte layer (4), anode catalyst layer (5) and porous anode plate (6) are located inside the ceramic tube (11).

4. The boron fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the porous anode plate (6) is a porous NiO-YSZ plate.

5. A boron fuel cell according to claim 1, characterized in that the porous cathode plate (2) is porous La_0.85Sr_0.15MnO₃And (4) flat plate.

6. A boron fuel cell according to claim 1, further comprising a cathode lead (12) connected to the porous cathode plate (2) and an anode lead (8) connected to the porous anode plate (6).

7. The boron fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein YSZ is deposited on the porous anode plate (6) by ion beam vapor deposition or electron beam vapor deposition to form an electrolyte layer, and the structure of the electrolyte layer is columnar.

8. The boron fuel cell of claim 1, wherein said borate comprises sodium borate, potassium borate and aluminum oxide.

9. A boron fuel cell according to claim 8, wherein said borate composition is as follows: 46-62 wt% of sodium borate, 18-32 wt% of potassium borate and 6-36 wt% of aluminum oxide.

10. A method of manufacturing a boron fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:

1) sequentially stacking a porous cathode plate (2), a cathode catalyst layer (3), a solid oxide electrolyte layer (4), an anode catalyst layer (5) and a porous anode plate (6) in a ceramic tube (11), respectively placing a pole current collecting net (1) and an anode current collecting net (7) at the outer sides of the porous cathode plate (2) and the porous anode plate (6), and leading out a cathode lead (12) and an anode lead (8);

2) a boron powder layer is arranged on the outer side of the anode current collecting net (7), and a borate layer is arranged outside the boron powder layer to finish the assembly of the fuel cell;

3) and (2) putting the assembled boron fuel cell into a heating furnace, heating and preserving heat to melt a boron salt layer and infiltrate the boron powder layer, the boron salt layer reaches the solid oxide electrolyte layer (4) through the holes of the porous anode plate (6), the boron simple substance loses electrons under the action of the anode catalyst layer (5) to form boron ions, the lost electrons reach the porous cathode plate (2) from an external circuit, oxygen in the air passes through the porous cathode plate (2) at the moment and receives the electrons after being catalyzed by the cathode catalyst layer to form oxygen ions, and the oxygen ions penetrate through the solid oxide electrolyte layer (4) to reach the porous anode plate (6) to react with the boron ions to generate boron oxide.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a fuel cell, and more particularly, to a boron fuel cell and a method of manufacturing the same.

Background

The fuel cell is a device for converting chemical energy in fuel into electric energy, has the main advantage of high conversion efficiency which can reach 50-80 percent and theoretically can reach 100 percent, is mainly used in the fields of traffic, fixed power stations and portable power sources, and has been developed for automobiles taking the fuel cell as a core power source at present. The energy output of a fuel cell depends, in addition to its conversion efficiency, on the energy density of the fuel chosen. For a fuel cell of the same conversion efficiency, the greater the energy density of the fuel, the greater its energy output. The fuel source of the fuel cell is very wide, mainly comprises carbon, alcohol, hydrogen and the like, wherein the energy density of the hydrogen is the largest and can reach 142MJ/kg, but the combustible range of the hydrogen is 4-75%, the explosion range is 18-59%, the safety and reliability are poor, and no widely acceptable solution is found at present, so that the application of the high-energy-density fuel is limited. The carbon fuel mainly comprises graphite, carbon black, coal and the like, and the fuel has high safety and reliability, but has low energy density, for example, the energy density of the coal is only about 16.8 MJ/kg. The energy density of the alcohol substances is slightly higher than that of coal, for example, the energy density of methanol is about 21.6MJ/kg, and the energy density of ethanol is about 29.7 MJ/kg. The energy density of boron is 58.28MJ/kg, the boron is a non-metal simple substance with the energy density second to that of hydrogen, is one of the most promising high-energy metal fuel components in the research field of solid oxygen-poor propellants, is a main energy source of boron-containing oxygen-poor propellants, but is not applied to the field of fuel cells as fuel.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to overcoming the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and providing a boron fuel cell and a method for manufacturing the same, which fully utilize the high conversion efficiency of the fuel cell to obtain high power output.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a boron fuel cell comprises a porous cathode plate, a cathode catalyst layer, a solid oxide electrolyte layer, an anode catalyst layer and a porous anode plate which are sequentially connected in a stacked mode, wherein the solid oxide electrolyte layer is a double-electrolyte layer formed by mixing borate and solid oxide.

The cathode collector net is arranged on the outer side of the porous cathode plate, and the anode collector net is arranged on the outer side of the porous anode plate.

The porous cathode plate, the cathode catalyst layer, the solid oxide electrolyte layer, the anode catalyst layer and the porous anode plate are positioned in the ceramic tube.

The porous anode plate is a porous NiO-YSZ flat plate.

The porous cathode plate is porous La_0.85Sr_0.15MnO₃And (4) flat plate.

And the cathode lead is connected with the porous cathode plate, and the anode lead is connected with the porous anode plate.

And depositing YSZ on the porous anode plate by adopting an ion beam vapor deposition or electron beam vapor deposition method to form an electrolyte layer, wherein the structure of the electrolyte layer is columnar.

The borate contains sodium borate, potassium borate and aluminum oxide.

The borate composition is as follows: 46-62 wt% of sodium borate, 18-32 wt% of potassium borate and 6-36 wt% of aluminum oxide.

The manufacturing method of the boron fuel cell comprises the following steps:

1) sequentially stacking a porous cathode plate, a cathode catalyst layer, a solid oxide electrolyte layer, an anode catalyst layer and a porous anode plate in a ceramic tube, respectively placing a pole current collecting net and an anode current collecting net at the outer sides of the porous cathode plate and the porous anode plate, and leading out a cathode lead and an anode lead;

2) placing a boron powder layer outside the anode current collecting net, and placing a borate layer outside the boron powder layer to finish the assembly of the fuel cell;

3) and (2) putting the assembled boron fuel cell into a heating furnace, heating and preserving heat to enable a boron salt layer to be molten and to infiltrate into a boron powder layer, the boron salt layer reaches a solid oxide electrolyte layer through holes of a porous anode plate, a boron simple substance loses electrons under the action of an anode catalyst layer to form boron ions, the lost electrons reach a porous cathode plate from an external circuit, oxygen in the air passes through the porous cathode plate at the moment, the oxygen is catalyzed by a cathode catalyst layer and then receives the electrons to form oxygen ions, and the oxygen ions penetrate through the solid oxide electrolyte layer to reach the porous anode plate to react with the boron ions to generate boron oxide.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the boron simple substance with high energy density is used as fuel, and high energy output can be achieved by combining with the high conversion rate of the fuel cell.

(2) The double electrolytes formed by combining borate and solid oxide can improve the effective combining area of the electrolytes and fuel boron powder and improve the conversion efficiency.

(3) YSZ is deposited on the porous anode plate by adopting a plasma beam vapor deposition or electron beam vapor deposition method to form an electrolyte layer, the organization structure of the electrolyte layer is columnar, a directional channel vertical to the pole plate is formed for oxygen ion transmission, the transmission time of oxygen ions can be shortened, and the working efficiency of the whole boron fuel cell is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

reference numerals:

1-a cathode current collector; 2-a porous cathode plate; 3-a cathode catalyst layer; 4-a solid oxide electrolyte layer; 5-anode catalyst layer; 6-a porous anode plate; 7-anode current collecting net; 8-anode lead; 9-borate layer; a 10-boron powder layer; 11-a ceramic tube; 12-cathode lead.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.