阅读说明：本技术 一种癸氧喹酯微囊及其制备方法 (Decoquinate microcapsule and preparation method thereof ) 是由 陈艺青 刘肖娟 王俊 谭志坚 黎剑坤 符德文 黄显会 于 2019-11-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于禽抗球虫药领域,公开了一种癸氧喹酯微囊,包括以下组分：癸氧喹酯、常山提取物、青蒿提取物和黄芪提取物。所述癸氧喹酯微囊,还包括以下组分：乳化剂和助悬剂。本发明的癸氧喹酯微囊具有配比合理、制备简单、操作方便、有效成分含量均匀度好、稳定性好、收率高、口感良好的优点,还具有缓释作用。本发明的癸氧喹酯微囊是广谱的抗球虫药,加入常山提取物和青蒿提取物,可以起协同作用,降低了癸氧喹酯的耐药性而增加了抗球虫效果。(The invention belongs to the field of avian anticoccidial drugs, and discloses a decoquinate microcapsule which comprises the following components: decoquinate, dichroa febrifuga extractive, sweet wormwood extractive and astragalus extractive. The decoquinate microcapsule also comprises the following components: emulsifying agents and suspending agents. The decoquinate microcapsule has the advantages of reasonable proportion, simple preparation, convenient operation, good content uniformity of active ingredients, good stability, high yield and good taste, and also has the slow release effect. The decoquinate microcapsule is a broad-spectrum anticoccidial drug, and the dichroa febrifuga extractive and the artemisia apiacea extractive are added to play a synergistic role, so that the drug resistance of the decoquinate is reduced, and the anticoccidial effect is improved.)

1. Decoquinate microcapsules are characterized by comprising the following components: decoquinate, dichroa febrifuga extractive, sweet wormwood extractive and astragalus extractive.

2. The decoquinate microcapsules of claim 1, further comprising the following components: emulsifying agents and suspending agents.

3. The decoquinate microcapsule as claimed in claim 2, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 6-10% of decoquinate, 2-7% of dichroa febrifuga extractive, 2-8% of sweet wormwood extractive, 2-8% of astragalus root extractive, 75-85% of emulsifying agent and 0.1-0.5% of suspending agent.

4. The decoquinate microcapsule according to claim 3, wherein the emulsifier is one or two selected from PEG4000 and PEG 6000.

5. Decoquinate microcapsules according to claim 3, characterized in that the suspending agent is chosen from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

6. A method for preparing decoquinate microcapsules according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

1) adding emulsifier into radix astragali extract, stirring, and heating;

2) cooling, adding decoquinate, radix Dichroae extract, herba Artemisiae Annuae extract and suspending agent, stirring, and emulsifying under heat preservation to obtain mixture;

3) and granulating the mixture, and sieving to obtain the decoquinate micro-capsule.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the heating of step (1) is at a temperature of 70 ℃ to 90 ℃; the stirring time is 15-30 min.

8. The method for preparing the nano-particles according to claim 6, wherein the temperature reduction in the step (2) is to reduce the temperature to 65-70 ℃.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the granulation equipment in step (3) is a spray condensation granulator, the rotation speed of the spray condensation granulator is 300-350r/min, and the decoquinate microcapsules with the particle size of 200-850 μm are obtained after the sieving.

10. Use of decoquinate microcapsules according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for the preparation of a medicament for the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis in chickens.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of avian anticoccidial drugs, in particular to a decoquinate microcapsule and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Coccidiosis in chickens is a parasitic protozoan disease of the intestinal tract that is extremely harmful. On one hand, huge economic loss is caused to the chicken industry; on the other hand, it affects the food source and health of humans. Therefore, the chicken coccidiosis is always highly valued by people, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are invested for research and prevention.

Coccidiosis is a globally distributed parasite. Almost all that can be said is that in the place where chickens are raised, there are coccidian chickens. No matter how advanced the chicken farm equipment and management technology is, how strict the epidemic prevention measures are, the coccidiosis of the chicken still happens as it is, and the facilities and the places behind the management are not to mention. The main causes of the widespread prevalence of coccidiosis in chickens are: 1. the development pattern of coccidiosis in chickens is direct, chickens are the only hosts, and thus the prevalence of coccidiosis is not limited by the distribution of intermediate hosts. 2. Coccidian oocysts are extremely resistant. None of the commonly used disinfectants can kill the coccidian oocysts, and the spreading of the coccidian oocysts cannot be prevented by the conventional sanitation and epidemic prevention system. 3. Intensive feeding of chickens creates favorable conditions for the outbreak of coccidiosis.

The decoquinate premix is suitable for preventing coccidiosis of chicken. The decoquinate premix has the characteristics that: 1. the anti-coccidiosis spectrum is wide, and the anti-coccidiosis composition has good effect on 6 coccidiosis harming the poultry; 2. the action begins to be exerted in the early stage of the life history of the coccidia and lasts for the longest time. However, the decoquinate can obviously inhibit the host organism from generating immunity to coccidian, so the decoquinate is continuously applied to the whole growth cycle of the broiler chicken. Coccidia is easy to generate drug resistance to decoquinate, and the drugs need to be applied alternately at regular intervals, so that the method is not only troublesome for chicken farms, but also is difficult to find out alternative drugs.

Therefore, there is a need to develop decoquinate microcapsules with high efficiency, long-acting effect and low drug resistance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide decoquinate microcapsules and a preparation method thereof, and the decoquinate microcapsules have the advantages of high efficiency, long acting and low drug resistance in treating chicken coccidiosis.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

decoquinate microcapsules, comprising the following components: decoquinate, dichroa febrifuga extractive, sweet wormwood extractive and astragalus extractive.

Preferably, the decoquinate microcapsule further comprises the following components: emulsifying agents and suspending agents.

Preferably, the decoquinate microcapsule is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 6-10% of decoquinate, 2-7% of dichroa febrifuga extractive, 2-8% of sweet wormwood extractive, 2-8% of astragalus root extractive, 75-85% of emulsifying agent and 0.1-0.5% of suspending agent.

Preferably, the emulsifier is selected from one or two of PEG4000 and PEG 6000.

Preferably, the suspending agent is selected from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

Herba Artemisiae Annuae, also called herba Artemisiae Annuae, is the whole plant of herba Artemisiae Annuae of Compositae, and has bitter and cold properties, and has antimalarial, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antipyretic, and immunity enhancing effects. The main medicinal component of the sweet wormwood herb is artemisinin, and in 1971, scientific researchers in China take the lead to extract an effective anti-malarial chemical component from the sweet wormwood herb. The research shows that: the Artemisia apiacea and the extract thereof can effectively inhibit coccidian oocyst sporulation in vitro, and the anticoccidial index of the Artemisia apiacea extract is 164.69.

Dichroa febrifuga contains effective components of dichroine, which is abbreviated as dichroine and mainly comprises dichroine A, dichroine B and dichroine C, and the effective components, namely dichroine A, dichroine B and dichroine C are tautomers. Also contains radix Polygoni Ciliinerve, 4-quinazolinone, and umbelliferone. Is cold in nature, pungent and bitter in flavor, and has antimalarial and insecticidal effects. The research shows that: the antifebrile dichroa has good anticoccidial effect, mainly contains quinazolinone alkaloid, and the antifebrile dichroa extract has good treatment effect on chicken infected with coccidiosis, and has anticoccidial index of above 160.

The dichroa febrifuga and the sweet wormwood are used as single anticoccidial traditional Chinese medicines and can be directly used for killing insects, and the anticoccidial effect is better by compounding the dichroa febrifuga and the sweet wormwood or combining the dichroa febrifuga and the sweet wormwood with other traditional Chinese medicines. The addition of the dichroa febrifuga extractive and the sweet wormwood extractive into the decoquinate microcapsules reduces the drug resistance of the decoquinate and increases the anticoccidial index of the decoquinate, namely the anticoccidial effect is increased.

Astragalus extract: the astragalus polysaccharide is an extract of Chinese herbal medicine astragalus, is one of the most typical bioactive polysaccharides, is a typical representative of Chinese herbal medicine immunopotentiators, has the effects of enhancing body immunity, resisting viruses, tumors, delaying senescence, resisting oxidation, resisting stress, regulating blood sugar and the like, and can improve the taste, cover the unpleasant odor of the medicine, increase the appetite of animals and improve the immunity of the animals by adding the astragalus polysaccharide into a microcapsule preparation.

A preparation method of decoquinate microcapsules comprises the following steps:

1) adding emulsifier into radix astragali extract, stirring, and heating;

2) cooling, adding decoquinate, radix Dichroae extract, herba Artemisiae Annuae extract and suspending agent, stirring, and emulsifying under heat preservation to obtain mixture;

3) and granulating the mixture, and sieving to obtain the decoquinate micro-capsule.

Preferably, the temperature of the heating in step (1) is 70 ℃ to 90 ℃.

Preferably, the stirring time of step (1) is 15-30 min.

Preferably, said temperature reduction of step (2) is to reduce the temperature to 65-70 ℃.

Preferably, the granulation device in the step (3) is a spray condensation granulator, and the rotation speed of the spray condensation granulator is 300-350 r/min.

Preferably, the decoquinate microcapsules with the particle size of 200-850 mu m are obtained after the sieving in the step (3).

An application of decoquinate microcapsule in preparing medicine for preventing and treating chicken coccidiosis is provided.

The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:

the decoquinate microcapsule has the advantages of reasonable proportion, simple preparation, convenient operation, good content uniformity of active ingredients, good stability, high yield and good taste, and also has the slow release effect.

1) The decoquinate microcapsule is a broad-spectrum anticoccidial drug, and the dichroa febrifuga extractive and the artemisia apiacea extractive are added to play a synergistic role, so that the drug resistance of the decoquinate is reduced, and the anticoccidial effect is improved.

2) The astragalus extract is added into the microcapsule preparation, so that the taste can be improved, the unpleasant smell of the medicine can be covered, the appetite of animals can be increased, and the immunity of the animals can be improved.

3) According to the invention, the decoquinate microcapsule is added with the hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, so that the decoquinate is better mixed in water to prepare the coccidiostat.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail by examples below. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is only intended to illustrate the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.