阅读说明：本技术 一种荸荠壮苗培养基及其荸荠苗大田移栽的方法 (Water chestnut strong seedling culture medium and water chestnut seedling field transplanting method thereof ) 是由 马绍鋆 俞飞飞 严从生 董言香 王明霞 王艳 贾利 江海坤 于 2019-11-21 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种荸荠壮苗培养基及其荸荠苗大田移栽的方法,所述荸荠壮苗培养基,包括以下重量份的组分：MS培养基干粉4～5份、蔗糖30～40份、KNO<Sub>3</Sub>0.4～0.6份、(NH4)<Sub>2</Sub>SO<Sub>4</Sub>2～4份、去离子水800～1000份。荸荠苗大田移栽的方法,包括以下步骤：将利用荸荠壮苗培养基培养的健壮荸荠苗的组培瓶盖旋松,在培养室中进行环境适应性锻炼7d后去掉瓶盖,移至室内放置30d后将组培苗从培养瓶中取出,30d每5d换一次水,用清水将培养基冲洗干净,移栽至栽培基质中；将步骤(1)中假植成活的荸荠组培苗移栽至大田中。利用该培养基荸荠组培苗可以在壮苗过程中产生根系,不需要单独进行生根培养步骤,该大田移栽方法可以提高大田移栽成活率。(The invention discloses a water chestnut strong seedling culture medium and a water chestnut seedling field transplanting method thereof, wherein the water chestnut strong seedling culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-5 parts of MS culture medium dry powder, 30-40 parts of cane sugar and KNO 3 0.4 to 0.6 part, (NH4) 2 SO 4 2-4 parts of deionized water and 800-1000 parts of deionized water. The method for transplanting the water chestnut seedlings in the field comprises the following steps: loosening a tissue culture bottle cap of a strong water chestnut seedling cultured by using a water chestnut strong seedling culture medium, carrying out environmental adaptability exercise in a culture room for 7 days, removing the bottle cap, moving the water chestnut seedling to a room, placing the water chestnut seedling for 30 days, taking the tissue culture seedling out of the culture bottle, changing water every 5 days for 30 days, washing the culture medium clean by using clear water, and transplanting the culture medium into a culture medium; transplanting the water chestnut tissue culture seedlings which are temporarily planted to survive in the step (1) into a field. The water chestnut tissue culture seedling can be strong by using the culture mediumThe root system is generated in the seedling process, the rooting culture step is not needed to be independently carried out, and the field transplanting method can improve the field transplanting survival rate.)

1. The water chestnut strong seedling culture medium is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 4-5 parts of MS culture medium dry powder, 30-40 parts of cane sugar and KNO₃0.4 to 0.6 part of (NH)₄)₂SO₄2-4 parts of deionized water and 800-1000 parts of deionized water.

2. The preparation method of the water chestnut strong seedling culture medium according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: accurately weighing corresponding parts by weight of MS culture medium dry powder and sucrose respectively, heating the accurately weighed deionized water to boiling, sequentially adding the accurately weighed MS culture medium dry powder and sucrose into the deionized water, and respectively adding KNO (potassium permanganate) into the mixture after the MS culture medium dry powder and sucrose are completely dissolved₃And (NH)₄)₂SO₄Adjusting pH to 5.8, and sterilizing with high pressure steam at 116 deg.C for 30min to obtain corm Eleocharitis strong seedling culture medium.

3. The method for culturing the strong chufa seedlings by using the strong chufa seedling culture medium of claim 1, which comprises the following steps of: cutting the proliferated cluster buds into 2.5-3.0 cm, taking 3-4 leaf-shaped stems as a cluster, inoculating the cluster buds into a water chestnut strong seedling culture medium for strong seedling culture, setting the culture temperature at 23-27 ℃, and the illumination intensity at 30 mu mol/m^-2·s^-1The illumination time is 14 h.d^-1The relative humidity is 50-70%.

4. A method for transplanting water chestnut seedlings in a field is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) temporary planting of the water chestnut seedlings: loosening the tissue culture bottle cap of the strong water chestnut seedling cultured by the strong seedling culture method of claim 3, carrying out environmental adaptability exercise in a culture room for 7 days, removing the bottle cap, moving the tissue culture seedling to the room, placing the tissue culture seedling for 30 days, taking the tissue culture seedling out of the culture bottle, changing water every 5 days for 30 days, washing the culture medium with clear water, and transplanting the culture medium into a culture medium;

(2) transplanting the water chestnut tissue culture seedlings which are temporarily planted to survive in the step (1) into a field.

5. The method for field transplantation of water chestnut seedlings according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the culture medium is selected from two of garden soil, commodity medium and rice husk.

6. The method for field transplantation of water chestnut seedlings according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cultivation substrate consists of garden soil and a commodity substrate, and the volume ratio of the garden soil to the commodity substrate is 1: 1.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a water chestnut strong seedling culture medium, in particular to a water chestnut strong seedling culture medium and a water chestnut seedling field transplanting method thereof.

Background

Water chestnut [ Eelocharis tuberosa (Roxb.) Roem. et Schult.) is a perennial shallow water plant of Cyperaceae (Cyperaceae) water chestnut (Eleocharis R Br.), also called as water chestnut, Chinese chestnut, Ting pack, black taro and the like, is originally produced in south China and India, has more than 2000 years of cultivation history in China, has fresh, sweet and rich juice, crisp meat quality and refreshing taste, eliminates dregs, is one of important aquatic vegetables which are both medicine and food and vegetable, has rich nutrition and health care values, also has the effects of clearing heat, reducing phlegm and eliminating stagnation, can be processed into products such as starch, can, maltose and the like, can also be used as a wine making raw material, can be used as a feed, and is also used in China as a large country for producing water chestnuts and a large country for exporting water chestnuts. At present, the research of water chestnut at home and abroad mainly comprises sequencing analysis of a water chestnut bulb development process transcriptome, identification and characteristic research of novel viruses, high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation, new variety breeding, storage physiology, processing, flower organ observation, pollen activity detection, tissue culture, in-vitro rapid propagation and the like. The tissue culture and in vitro rapid propagation mainly focus on the aspects of callus induction, stem tip tissue culture, efficient propagation of tissue culture seedlings in TIBs, obtaining of test-tube tissue culture seedlings, corm induction of water chestnuts in test tubes, efficient propagation of the tissue culture seedlings, field transplanting effect research of the water chestnut tissue culture seedlings and the like.

The water chestnuts are also one of the main aquatic vegetables in Anhui province, the cultivation area is about 10 ten thousand mu, the local germplasm resources are rich, and part of the water chestnuts are local famous products, such as the poplar and willow water chestnuts, none of the water chestnuts, Shucheng water chestnuts and the like, wherein the poplar and willow water chestnuts belong to national geographical sign protection products. In the main production area of water chestnut in Anhui province, the phenomena of petiole fineness, small nodulite and even no nodulite occur due to long-term adoption of water chestnut corms for breeding seedlings and virus infection, so that some water chestnut germplasm resources with excellent properties have the problems of sexual degeneration, reduced disease resistance and stress resistance, reduced quality and yield, plant growth dwarfing and no nodulization caused by the appearance of male water chestnut in production and the like, and the stem tip culture provides an effective solution for the problem of sexual degeneration of asexual propagation crops. The problems of low multiplication coefficient, low multiplication speed, serious browning of cut materials, low field transplanting survival rate of tissue culture seedlings, high production cost and the like exist in the conventional rapid propagation process of the water chestnuts, and the large-scale production of the water chestnut tissue culture seedlings is restricted. In the tissue culture process, strong seedling culture is an indispensable step for the production of high-quality seedlings, and has certain influence on the later-stage transplanting survival rate. Therefore, through researching the water chestnut strong seedling culture medium, the technical support can be provided for the production of high-quality seedlings, the reduction of the production cost and the industrial production of the water chestnut tissue culture seedlings, and meanwhile, the temporary planting of the tissue culture seedlings is carried out before the transplanting, so that the field transplanting survival rate is favorably improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a water chestnut strong seedling culture medium and a water chestnut seedling field transplanting method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the water chestnut strong seedling culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-5 parts of MS culture medium dry powder, 30-40 parts of cane sugar and KNO₃0.4 to 0.6 part of (NH)₄)₂SO₄2-4 parts of deionized water and 800-1000 parts of deionized water.

Preferably, the preparation method of the water chestnut strong seedling culture medium comprises the following steps: accurately weighing corresponding parts by weight of MS culture medium dry powder and sucrose respectively, heating the accurately weighed deionized water to boiling, sequentially adding the accurately weighed MS culture medium dry powder and sucrose into the deionized water, and respectively adding KNO (potassium permanganate) into the mixture after the MS culture medium dry powder and sucrose are completely dissolved₃And (NH)₄)₂SO₄Regulating the flow ofAdjusting pH to 5.8, and sterilizing with high pressure steam at 116 deg.C for 30min to obtain corm Eleocharitis strong seedling culture medium.

Preferably, the method for culturing the strong chufa seedlings by using the strong chufa seedling culture medium comprises the following steps: cutting the proliferated cluster buds into 2.5-3.0 cm, taking 3-4 leaf-shaped stems as a cluster, inoculating the cluster buds into a water chestnut strong seedling culture medium for strong seedling culture, setting the culture temperature at 23-27 ℃, and the illumination intensity at 30 mu mol/m^-2·s^-1The illumination time is 14 h.d^-1The relative humidity is 50-70%.

Preferably, the method for field transplantation of the water chestnut seedlings comprises the following steps:

(1) temporary planting of the water chestnut seedlings: loosening the tissue culture bottle cap of the strong water chestnut seedling cultured by the strong seedling culture method of claim 3, carrying out environmental adaptability exercise in a culture room for 7 days, removing the bottle cap, moving the tissue culture seedling to the room, placing the tissue culture seedling for 30 days, taking the tissue culture seedling out of the culture bottle, changing water every 5 days for 30 days, washing the culture medium with clear water, and transplanting the culture medium into a culture medium;

(2) transplanting the water chestnut tissue culture seedlings which are temporarily planted to survive in the step (1) into a field.

Preferably, the culture medium is selected from two of garden soil, commodity medium and rice husk.

Preferably, the cultivation substrate consists of garden soil and commodity substrate, and the volume ratio of the garden soil to the commodity substrate is 1: 1.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) compared with the existing water chestnut seedling strengthening method, the water chestnut seedling strengthening method has the following advantages: firstly, the water chestnut strong seedling culture medium can ensure that the water chestnut leaf-shaped stems are thick and strong, the thickness is increased by 27.74 percent compared with a contrast, the uniformity is high, and the growth of the water chestnut strong seedling culture medium can be accelerated; secondly, in the process of strong seedlings, the tissue culture seedlings of the water chestnuts can generate root systems without independently carrying out a rooting culture step, the average number of generated roots is 15.11, which is 23.35 percent more than that of the reference, the culture period is shortened by about 20d, and the time cost is saved; thirdly, the seedling strengthening method does not need to use plant hormone, is safer to produce and apply the tissue culture seedlings, and saves a part of production cost; fourthly, the method for strengthening the seedling is usedKNO₃And (NH)₄)₂SO₄The total cost is lower than the price of the conventionally used paclobutrazol (PP333), the operation is relatively simple, the large-scale application in production is easy, and the improper use of the paclobutrazol (PP333) can cause harm to the environment.

2) The cultivation medium can improve the survival rate of the temporary planting of the water chestnut tissue culture seedlings, and after the commodity medium is added, the air permeability and the water retention of the cultivation medium are improved, so that the growth of root systems is facilitated. When the cultivation medium consists of garden soil and commodity medium in the volume ratio of 1:1, the survival rate of the temporarily planted water chestnut tissue culture seedlings is the highest and reaches 100%, and the leaf-shaped stems are thick and strong and are respectively 11.11% and 36.37% higher than the survival rate of the temporarily planted water chestnut seedlings in other two cultivation media.

3) By adopting the field transplanting method, the water chestnut tissue culture seedlings which are temporarily planted to survive are transplanted to the field, the survival rate reaches 100 percent and is 53.07 percent higher than the survival rate of the transplanting without temporary planting.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.