阅读说明：本技术 一种太阳能吸热材料 (Solar heat-absorbing material ) 是由 梅宝军 台德亮 姚峰 管德恩 于 2019-10-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种太阳能吸热材料,属于吸热材料领域。本发明的太阳能吸热材料由40～60份树脂,5～10份炭黑,2～12份邻苯二甲酸二酯,3～6份四氧化三铁,10～16份乙酸,15～20份沥青,1～2份氧化镍,10～12份硅溶胶,3～6份氧化铜制成。本发明的太阳能吸热材料所制成的涂层空气环境中250℃退火处理300h后的吸收率α均高于93％,辐射率ε均低于10％,因而本发明的太阳能吸热材料具有较强的抗氧化性能,且无需充惰性气体的条件下直接与空气接触也不会氧化失效,且本发明的太阳能吸热材料吸收率较高,具有较好的抗疲劳性能,且具有较好的耐候性。(The invention discloses a solar heat absorbing material, which belongs to the field of heat absorbing materials and is prepared from 40-60 parts of resin, 5-10 parts of carbon black, 2-12 parts of phthalic diester, 3-6 parts of ferroferric oxide, 10-16 parts of acetic acid, 15-20 parts of asphalt, 1-2 parts of nickel oxide, 10-12 parts of silica sol and 3-6 parts of copper oxide.)

1. A solar heat absorbing material, characterized by: the coating is mainly prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 40-60 parts of resin, 5-10 parts of carbon black, 2-12 parts of phthalic diester, 3-6 parts of ferroferric oxide, 10-16 parts of acetic acid, 15-20 parts of asphalt, 1-2 parts of nickel oxide, 10-12 parts of silica sol and 3-6 parts of copper oxide.

2. A solar heat absorber material according to claim 1, wherein: the raw materials also comprise 3-5 parts of graphite powder.

3. A solar heat absorber material according to claim 1, wherein: and replacing 3-6 parts of copper oxide in the raw materials with 3-5 parts of graphite powder.

4. A method for producing a solar heat absorbing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

putting 40-60 parts of resin, 5-10 parts of carbon black and 10-16 parts of acetic acid into a stirring device, controlling the heating power to keep the temperature of the stirring device at 180-220 ℃, and continuously stirring for 10-20 min to obtain a material A;

step two, putting 3-6 parts of powdered ferroferric oxide, 15-20 parts of asphalt and 1-2 parts of powdered nickel oxide into a stirring device, controlling the heating power to keep the temperature of the stirring device at 100-150 ℃, and continuously stirring for 10-20 min to obtain a material B;

step three, uniformly mixing the material A obtained in the step one and the material B obtained in the step two, and preparing a precursor of the solar heat-absorbing material,

s1, adding the material B into the material A, uniformly mixing, and then putting the mixture of the material A and the material B into a stirring device;

s2, adding 2-12 parts of phthalic diester, 10-12 parts of silica sol and 3-6 parts of copper oxide into a stirring device;

s3, sealing the stirring device, controlling the heating power to keep the temperature of the stirring device at 180-220 ℃, and continuously stirring for 10-20 min to obtain a precursor;

and step four, opening the stirring device, keeping the heating power in the step three, continuously stirring for 30-40 min, stopping stirring, and naturally cooling to obtain the solar heat absorbing material.

5. The method for preparing a solar heat absorbing material according to claim 4, wherein: in the step S2, 3-5 parts of graphite powder, 2-12 parts of phthalic diester, 10-12 parts of silica sol and 3-6 parts of copper oxide are added into a stirring device together.

6. The method for preparing a solar heat absorbing material according to claim 4, wherein: the third step is that the first step is,

s1, adding the material B into the material A, uniformly mixing, and then putting the mixture of the material A and the material B into a stirring device;

s2, adding 2-12 parts of phthalic diester and 10-12 parts of silica sol into a stirring device;

s3, mixing water accounting for 5-10% of the total mass of the heat absorbing material and 3-5 parts of graphite powder, then sealing the stirring device, controlling the heating power to keep the temperature of the stirring device at 180-220 ℃, and continuously stirring for 10-20 min to obtain the precursor.

7. A method of producing a solar heat absorber material according to any one of claims 4, 5 or 6, wherein: in the fourth step, after the stirring device is opened, 2-5 parts of the film assistant are added, and then stirring is carried out.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the solar heat absorber comprises: the membrane auxiliary agent is diethanol monoethyl ether, or diethylene glycol, or a mixture of the diethanol monoethyl ether and the diethylene glycol.

9. A method of producing a solar heat absorber material according to any one of claims 4, 5 or 6, wherein: and S3, sealing the stirring device, and vacuumizing the stirring device to enable the air pressure in the stirring device to be 0-10 KPa.

10. A method of producing a solar heat absorber material according to any one of claims 4, 5 or 6, wherein: in the first step to the fourth step, the stirring speed of the stirring device is 50r/min to 300 r/min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat absorption materials, in particular to a solar heat absorption material.

Background

The energy used by human beings is from solar energy fundamentally, petrochemical energy such as petroleum, coal, natural gas and the like is actually another form of solar energy, and the solar energy is the cleanest energy in all the energy at present, and the reasonable utilization of the solar energy is a preferred scheme for solving the environmental crisis.

Currently, various structures of solar selective coatings are disclosed in the related art. For example, the invention provides a chinese patent document named a solar heat absorbing material (application No. 2016107470596), in which a light absorbing agent, a film forming agent, a solvent and an auxiliary agent are uniformly dispersed by a ball milling method, and then are uniformly mixed with a film forming auxiliary agent to obtain the solar heat absorbing material; the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 50-100 parts of a film forming agent: 10-30 parts of a film-forming assistant: 35-55 parts of a light absorbent; 20-50 parts of a solvent: 10-30 parts of an auxiliary agent; the light absorbent is prepared into yellow and the like by using chromium oxide green nano powder and permanent bright red; the preparation method of the film forming agent comprises the following steps: silkworm protein is prepared by the following steps: gelatin is mixed at a ratio of 5-10:2-3, and then mixed with methyl acrylate: the modified silkworm protein-gelatin can be obtained by performing chemical denaturation on the mixed solution of polysiloxane quaternary ammonium potassium 1-2:1-3 and performing denaturation by a physical method of calcination.

As another example, the invention provides a chinese patent document entitled solar heat absorbing material (application No. 2016105887843), and the heat absorbing material of the application is made of the following raw materials: 35-60 parts of ethylene glycol isophthalate, 26-36 parts of glyceryl stearate, 24-30 parts of polyethylene, 15-20 parts of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 12-18 parts of acetic acid, 10-16 parts of phenethyl alcohol, 8-12 parts of silicon nitride, 8-12 parts of carbon black, 14-20 parts of brominated paraffin, 12-24 parts of silica sol, 10-15 parts of alkaline clay, 8-15 parts of a synthetic agent, 4-8 parts of a light absorbent, 2-4 parts of a light absorption promoter and 3-5 parts of a nucleating agent.

However, when the solar heat absorbing material is used as a coating material of a solar heater for heating a house, it is found that flowing air needs to be heated directly by the coating material, and the solar heat absorbing material needs to be in direct contact with the air, so that the solar heat absorbing material is easily oxidized by the air, thereby affecting the service life of the solar heater.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

The invention aims to overcome the defect of poor oxidation resistance of a solar heat-absorbing material in the prior art, and provides the solar heat-absorbing material. The heat absorbing material has strong oxidation resistance, and can not be oxidized and lose efficacy when being directly contacted with air under the condition of not filling inert gas.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the solar heat-absorbing material, which is used for preparing the solar material and has the advantages of simple method and short process, and the prepared heat-absorbing material has better oxidation resistance.

2. Technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

the invention relates to a solar heat-absorbing material which is prepared from the following raw materials, by weight, 40-60 parts of resin, 5-10 parts of carbon black, 2-12 parts of diester phthalate, 3-6 parts of ferroferric oxide, 10-16 parts of acetic acid, 15-20 parts of asphalt, 1-2 parts of nickel oxide, 10-12 parts of silica sol and 3-6 parts of copper oxide.

Further, the raw materials also comprise 3-5 parts of graphite powder.

Further, 3-5 parts of graphite powder is used for replacing 3-6 parts of copper oxide in the raw materials.

A preparation method of a solar heat-absorbing material is used for preparing the solar heat-absorbing material and comprises the following steps,

putting 40-60 parts of resin, 5-10 parts of carbon black and 10-16 parts of acetic acid into a stirring device, controlling the heating power to keep the temperature of the stirring device at 180-220 ℃, continuously stirring for 10-20 min to obtain a material A, wherein the carbon black has high spectral absorption, the resin is in a liquid state at the temperature lower than 180 ℃, has a holding characteristic and is fully mixed with the carbon black, the acetic acid is a dispersing agent and can improve the solvent characteristic of the resin, so that the resin can be fully and uniformly mixed with the carbon black, the resin is a high polymer material, a porous and bulky structure is easily formed among the resins to form an optical trap, and the carbon black is filled in the bulky porous structure of the resin to enhance the spectral absorption rate;

step two, 3-6 parts of powdered ferroferric oxide, 15-20 parts of asphalt and 1-2 parts of powdered nickel oxide are placed in a stirring device, the heating power is controlled to keep the temperature of the stirring device at 100-150 ℃, the mixture is continuously stirred for 10-20 min to obtain a material B, ferroferric oxide powder and nickel oxide powder are used as light absorbers, the asphalt is used as an absorption material, the cost of the asphalt is low, the asphalt has high spectral absorption, and the surface characteristics of the whole material can be improved after the ferroferric oxide powder and the nickel oxide powder are mixed with the material A;

step three, uniformly mixing the material A obtained in the step one and the material B obtained in the step two, and preparing a precursor of the solar heat-absorbing material,

s1, adding the material B into the material A, uniformly mixing, and then putting the mixture of the material A and the material B into a stirring device;

s2, adding 2-12 parts of phthalic diester, 10-12 parts of silica sol and 3-6 parts of copper oxide into a stirring device;

s3, sealing the stirring device, controlling the heating power to keep the temperature of the stirring device at 180-220 ℃, continuously stirring for 10-20 min to obtain a precursor,

after dimethyl phthalate, silica sol and copper oxide are added into the whole material formula, the material has certain fluidity and plasticity, and the material is conveniently coated on the surface of a flat plate;

and step four, opening the stirring device, keeping the heating power in the step three, continuously stirring for 30-40 min, stopping stirring, and naturally cooling to obtain the solar heat absorbing material.

Further, in the step S2, 3 to 5 parts of graphite powder, 2 to 12 parts of phthalic diester, 10 to 12 parts of silica sol, and 3 to 6 parts of copper oxide are added to a stirring device.

Furthermore, in the third step, the step of,

s1, adding the material B into the material A, uniformly mixing, and then putting the mixture of the material A and the material B into a stirring device;

s2, adding 2-12 parts of phthalic diester and 10-12 parts of silica sol into a stirring device;

s3, mixing water accounting for 5-10% of the total mass of the heat absorbing material and 3-5 parts of graphite powder, then sealing the stirring device, controlling the heating power to keep the temperature of the stirring device at 180-220 ℃, and continuously stirring for 10-20 min to obtain the precursor.

Further, in the fourth step, after the stirring device is opened, 2-5 parts of the film assistant are added, and then stirring is performed.

Further, the membrane auxiliary agent is diethanol monoethyl ether, or diethylene glycol, or a mixture of diethanol monoethyl ether and diethylene glycol.

Further, after the stirring device is sealed in the step S3, the stirring device is vacuumized to make the air pressure in the stirring device be 0 to 10Kpa, and the components can be stirred more uniformly by stirring under a condition of low air pressure, and meanwhile, no bubble-shaped pores are formed in the heat absorbing material.

Further, in the first step to the fourth step, the stirring speed of the stirring device is 50r/min to 300 r/min.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the solar heat-absorbing material has strong oxidation resistance, can not be oxidized and lose efficacy when being directly contacted with air under the condition of not being filled with inert gas, has high absorptivity, good fatigue resistance and good weather resistance.

(2) The raw materials of the solar heat-absorbing material also comprise graphite powder, and the graphite powder has ultrahigh solar energy absorption efficiency and ultrahigh heat exchange coefficient, can increase optical traps on the surface of the material, enhances the photo-thermal conversion efficiency, enhances the heat conductivity coefficient of the material, reduces the density of the material, and enables the weight of the material in unit absorption area to be smaller, thereby greatly reducing the material cost.

(3) According to the preparation method of the solar heat-absorbing material, the material A and the material B are respectively prepared under the heating and stirring conditions, then the material A and the material B are mixed and then added with the phthalic diester, the silica sol and the copper oxide, then the heat-absorbing material precursor is prepared under the heating and stirring conditions, and finally the solar heat-absorbing material is prepared in a closed environment.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a solar heat absorbing material according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

The structure, proportion, size and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so that the person skilled in the art can understand and read the description, and the description is not used for limiting the limit condition of the implementation of the invention, so the method has no technical essence, and any structural modification, proportion relation change or size adjustment still falls within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the invention without affecting the effect and the achievable purpose of the invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and "middle" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the relative positions may be changed or adjusted without substantial technical changes.