阅读说明：本技术 一种基于石墨烯双稳态物理转换的加速度传感器 (Acceleration sensor based on bistable physical conversion of graphene ) 是由 颜建伟 童立红 丁海滨 雷祖祥 徐长节 于 2019-11-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种基于石墨烯双稳态物理转换的加速度传感器,包括石墨烯元件(6),阻尼基底(4),电路和信号灯(5)。所述阻尼基座上均布有单原子层石墨烯元件构成的点阵石墨烯组件；所述阻尼基底为中心高两端底的类三角体；所述电路和信号灯设置在单原子层石墨烯元件上。所述单原子层石墨烯元件由单原子层石墨烯(1)和支座(3)构成。单原子层石墨烯两端固定在支座上；支座为绝缘材料,倾角为5~10<Sup>o</Sup>,支座固定在阻尼基座上。本发明提供了一种基于石墨烯的双稳态物理转换的加速度传感器设计方法,实现记录结构全时间维度上受到的最大荷载,即最危险载荷。(An acceleration sensor based on graphene bistable physical conversion comprises a graphene element (6), a damping substrate (4), a circuit and a signal lamp (5). A dot matrix graphene assembly formed by single atomic layer graphene elements is uniformly distributed on the damping base; the damping base is a triangle-like body with a high center and two end bottoms; the circuit and signal lamp are disposed on a single atomic layer graphene element. The monoatomic layer graphene element is composed of monoatomic layer graphene (1) and a support (3). Two ends of the single atomic layer graphene are fixed on the support; the support is made of insulating material, and the inclination angle is 5-10 o And the support is fixed on the damping base. The invention provides a method for designing an acceleration sensor based on bistable physical conversion of graphene, which is used for recording the maximum load, namely the most dangerous load, applied to a structure in the full time dimension.)

1. An acceleration sensor based on graphene bistable physical conversion is characterized in that the sensor comprises a monoatomic layer graphene element, a damping substrate and a signal lamp; a dot matrix graphene assembly formed by single atomic layer graphene elements is uniformly distributed on the damping base; the damping base is a triangle-like body with a high middle part and two low ends; the signal lamp is disposed on the monatomic layer graphene element.

2. The acceleration sensor based on the multistable physical conversion of the graphene according to claim 1, wherein the single atomic layer graphene element is composed of single atomic layer graphene and a support, and two ends of the single atomic layer graphene are fixed on the support; the support is made of insulating materials, the inclination angle is 5-10 degrees, and the support is fixed on the damping base.

3. The acceleration sensor based on graphene multistable physical conversion according to claim 1, wherein the damping substrate is a triangle-like body with a high middle part and two low ends and is made of a material with a damping ratio of 0.01-0.2.

4. The acceleration sensor based on the multistable physical transformation of the graphene, according to the claim 1, is characterized in that in the lattice graphene assembly, the distance between single atomic layer graphene elements is smaller than the width of the graphene, and the narrower the distance, the higher the precision.

5. The acceleration sensor based on the multistable physical conversion of graphene according to claim 2, wherein the span of the single atomic layer graphene is 10⁰～10¹Micron, upward convex arch, when the external excitation reaches a certain critical acceleration value, the convex arch turns downwards to form a passage; the critical acceleration value decreases with increasing span.

6. The acceleration sensor based on the multi-stable physical conversion of graphene according to claim 1, wherein the signal lamp is fixed with the single atomic layer graphene through one end of the circuit and keeps linked with the single atomic layer graphene, and the other end of the signal lamp is placed on the damping substrate below the convex graphene.

7. A design method of an acceleration sensor based on graphene multistable physical conversion is characterized in that according to the characteristic that monoatomic layer graphene is pressed and unstably formed into a convex arch by controlling axial displacement of a support, monoatomic layer graphene elements are uniformly distributed on a damping substrate to form a dot matrix graphene assembly; the acceleration transducer for the graphene bistable physical conversion is formed, and a graphene assembly and a signal lamp circuit which are formed by arranging graphene elements are fixed on the upper part of a damping substrate of the acceleration transducer; external excitation load is transmitted to the dot array graphene assembly through the damping substrate, the graphene is overturned downwards due to energy generated by excitation, and due to the fact that the energy received by each graphene element is different, the external excitation size can be accurately calculated according to a transfer rate curve through the downwards overturning quantity of the graphene and the substrate damping coefficient.

8. The design method of the acceleration sensor based on the multistable physical conversion of the graphene according to claim 7, wherein the arch heights of the single atomic layer graphene are different due to different spans; the larger the span is, the smaller the formed arch height is, and the smaller the arch height is, the smaller the maximum acceleration value which can be borne becomes; the sensor identifies different acceleration values by controlling different spans of single atomic layer graphene.

9. The design method of the acceleration sensor based on the graphene multistable physical conversion is characterized in that the sensor is used for quantitatively displaying the external load amplitude value according to the downward turning quantity of the convex arch graphene, namely the lighting quantity of radial signal lamps, so that the maximum load, namely the most dangerous load, on the structure in the full time dimension can be recorded.

Technical Field

The invention relates to an acceleration sensor based on graphene bistable physical conversion, and belongs to the technical field of sensors.

Background

The sensor is a monitoring device, can identify information to be detected (such as force, acceleration, temperature, concentration and the like), and converts the detected information into electric signals and other forms for transmission and output through an electrical device so as to meet the requirements of information transmission, storage, display, control and the like.

The graphene is a single-atomic-layer low-dimensional material composed of carbon atoms, and researches show that different from the traditional material that tensile and compression deformation is generated on a cross section when the material is bent and deformed, all atoms of the structure of the single-atomic-layer are positioned on a central axis plane, and external bending moment is resisted only by means of bond angle change. Therefore, the characteristic endows the graphene with superelasticity, and the graphene can be elastically restored to the initial state after the load of large bending deformation is removed.

The working mechanism of the existing electrical sensor is as follows: the sensor is deformed under the action of external force, a channel is formed through the designed electrical device, and deformation information is converted into an electrical signal to be output. The external force variations cause corresponding deformations of the sensor and ultimately appear on the output electrical signal.

The above sensor has three limitations:

1) the deformation information of the sensor is instantaneous, and an external electrical device is required to form a passage to be converted into an electric signal to be output, recorded and displayed in real time; 2) in the range of the sensor, the monitoring precision is influenced by the fatigue damage of the structure caused by the repeated deformation of the structure; when the external load exceeds the measuring range, the sensor deforms to enter plastic deformation and leave residual strain, and the accuracy of monitoring data is influenced. 3) The sensitivity and stability of the sensor are influenced by the piezoelectric constant, Curie point temperature, mechanical coupling coefficient and the like of the piezoelectric material, so that the process cost is high and the market price is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of sensitivity and stability of the existing sensor and realize recording of the maximum load applied to the structure in the full time dimension, and provides an acceleration sensor based on graphene bistable physical conversion.

The technical scheme includes that the acceleration sensor based on the graphene bistable physical conversion comprises a single atomic layer graphene element, a damping substrate and a signal lamp. A dot matrix graphene assembly formed by single atomic layer graphene elements is uniformly distributed on the damping base; the damping substrate is directly connected with an object to be measured; the signal lamp is disposed on the monatomic layer graphene element.

The single atomic layer graphene element is composed of single atomic layer graphene and a support, and two ends of the single atomic layer graphene are fixed on the support; the support is made of insulating materials, the inclination angle is 5-10 degrees, and the support is fixed on the damping base so as to ensure that the graphene convex arch contacts with the graphene convex arch to form a passage when the graphene convex arch is turned over downwards.

The single atomic layer graphene is uniformly distributed on two sides of the damping substrate.

The damping substrate is a triangle-like body with a high middle part and two low ends and is made of a material with a damping ratio of 0.01-0.2.

In the lattice graphene component, the distance between single atomic layer graphene elements is smaller than the width of graphene, and the narrower the distance, the higher the precision.

The span of the single atomic layer graphene is 100-10¹And when the external excitation reaches a certain critical acceleration value, the convex arch turns downwards, and the turned single atomic layer graphene is contacted with the electrode to connect the circuit to form a passage.

The critical acceleration value decreases with increasing span. For example, when the graphene span is 10 micrometers, the axial displacement is controlled to be 0.05-1.2 micrometers, the arch camber range can be formed to be 0.5-2.0 micrometers, the identified acceleration range is 300-1800 g, and the approximate linear expression y is 828x-84, wherein x represents the arch camber, and y is the identified acceleration. And one end of the signal lamp is fixed with the monoatomic layer graphene through a circuit and is kept connected with the monoatomic layer graphene, and the other end of the signal lamp is arranged in the middle of the damping substrate right below the convex graphene.

A design method of an acceleration sensor based on graphene multistable physical conversion is characterized in that a support is pressed and unstably formed into a convex arch according to the characteristic that monoatomic layer graphene is axially displaced by controlling the support, and monoatomic layer graphene elements are uniformly distributed on a damping substrate to form a dot matrix graphene assembly; the acceleration sensor for the bistable physical conversion of the graphene is formed, a damping substrate of the acceleration sensor is a triangle-like body with a high middle part and two low ends, a dot matrix graphene assembly and a signal lamp circuit are fixedly arranged at the upper part of the substrate, and the lower part of the substrate is directly connected with a body to be detected; external excitation load is propagated energy from bottom to top to the graphene element through the damping substrate, causing the graphene to turn over downwards. The triangular damping substrate controls the dissipation of excitation propagation, and the energy received by the graphene lattice elements decreases progressively along with the increase of the height, so that the external excitation size borne by an object to be detected can be accurately determined according to the height of the element where graphene overturns, and the graphene elements symmetrically distributed on two sides can perform self-checking on the measured data.

Due to different spans of the single atomic layer graphene, the formed arch heights are different; the larger the span is, the smaller the formed arch height is, and the smaller the arch height is, the smaller the maximum acceleration value which can be borne becomes; the sensor identifies different acceleration values by controlling different spans of single atomic layer graphene.

The number of downward overturns of the convex arch graphene of the sensor, namely the number of the radial signal lamps, is used for quantitatively displaying the external load amplitude, so that the maximum load, namely the most dangerous load, on the full-time dimension of the structure can be recorded.

The invention has the beneficial effects that the invention provides a design method of the acceleration sensor based on the bistable physical conversion of graphene so as to record the maximum load, namely the most dangerous load, on the full time dimension of the structure. According to the sensor, the self-calibration purpose of the lattice graphene assembly can be achieved according to the readings on the two sides of the damping substrate, and the misreading caused by the damage of individual elements is avoided. The invention can be used for anti-collision monitoring of military products (such as missiles) and precise instruments.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of a single atomic layer graphene element;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a single atomic layer graphene element;

FIG. 3 is an elevation view of a single atomic layer graphene assembly of the sensor;

FIG. 4 is a top view of a sensor single atomic layer graphene assembly;

in the figure, 1 is monoatomic layer graphene in a convex arch state; 2 is single atomic layer graphene flipped down; 3, a support; 4 is a damping base; 5 is a circuit and a signal lamp; 6 is a graphene element; and 7, external excitation.

Detailed Description

The specific embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 1 to 4.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the bistable physical conversion sensor of the present embodiment includes a graphene assembly composed of graphene elements, a damping substrate 4, a circuit and a signal lamp 5.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the graphene element includes a monoatomic layer graphene 1, a support 3; two ends of the graphene 1 are fixed on the support 3, and the support 3 is axially compressed to enable the graphene 1 to be unstable and protrude upwards, so that a graphene element is formed.

In this embodiment, a graphene assembly formed by arranging graphene elements and a signal lamp circuit 5 are fixed on the upper portion of the damping substrate 4.

External excitation load is propagated to the graphene element through damping basement 4, and when reaching the maximum load that the protruding arch graphene receives, protruding arch graphene overturns 2 downwards suddenly for signal lamp 5 lights. The input excitation magnitude can be calculated by combining the graphene overturning number and the damping coefficient of the damping substrate 5 with the transfer rate curve.

In this embodiment, the distance d between the graphene elements should be smaller than the graphene width, and the specific distance can be designed according to actual needs, and the narrower the distance, the higher the precision.

The single atomic layer graphene span of this example should be 10⁰～10¹Micron, different acceleration values are identifiable by controlling different spans, the critical acceleration value decreases as the span increases; when the graphene span is 10 microns, controlling the axial displacement to be 0.05-1.2 microns, forming a convex arch with the arch height ranging from 0.5-2.0 microns, and identifying the acceleration ranging from 300-1800 g.

The support 3 of this embodiment is made of an insulating material, so that the circuit is turned off when the graphene is in an upward convex state, and the circuit is turned on by touching the electrode after the convex arch is turned downward.

The contact surface of the support 3 and the graphene is an inclined surface, and the inclination angle is 5-10 degrees, so that the monoatomic layer graphene forms an upper convex arch when being axially compressed.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the damping substrate 4 of the present embodiment is a triangle-like structure with a high middle and two low ends, and is made of a material with a damping ratio of 0.01-0.2, so that the energy is dissipated during the energy transmission process.

In the graphene convex arch element in the embodiment, when the external excitation reaches a certain critical value, the convex arch is turned downwards to form a circuit path for indicating by a signal lamp. And the circuit is always connected on the turned single atomic layer graphene contact electrode.

The signal lamp in this embodiment passes through circuit one end and graphite alkene and support is fixed together to keep linking with graphite alkene, the other end is placed on protruding arched graphite alkene below and is hindered the substrate, with its contact formation route when guaranteeing that graphite alkene protruding arch overturns down.

The external excitation 7 is used for transferring energy to the graphene element through the damping substrate 4, and due to the fact that the damping material is adopted as the substrate material and the heights of all elements are different, the transfer dissipation of the energy can be accurately calculated according to a transmissibility curve. Therefore, the external load amplitude is quantitatively displayed according to the downward overturning quantity (or area) of the convex arch graphene of the sensor, namely the lighting quantity of radial signal lamps.

The dot matrix graphene element in the sensor can achieve the self-correcting purpose according to the readings on two sides of the damping substrate, and misreading caused by damage of individual elements is avoided.