阅读说明：本技术 一种有机储氢材料加氢与脱氢催化剂及其制备方法 (Organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst and preparation method thereof ) 是由 陈新庆 薛文杰 丘明煌 唐志永 孙予罕 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于催化剂领域,具体涉及一种有机储氢材料加氢与脱氢催化剂及其制备方法。所述有机储氢材料加氢与脱氢催化剂包括活性组分和载体,所述活性组分选自铂、铅、铑、钌、金中的一种或多种的组合,所述载体选自金属氧化物、分子筛、多孔材料中的一种或多种的组合；所述活性组分负载在所述载体上,所述活性组分在载体上的负载量以活性组分的质量计为载体质量的为1～5wt％。所述有机储氢材料加氢与脱氢催化剂的制备方法包括：1)提供活性组分的可溶性盐的水溶液,将载体浸渍在所述水溶液中；2)将所述步骤1)中的溶液干燥、焙烧；3)将所述步骤2)中的焙烧后的产物还原后制得。本发明催化剂选择性高,可以实现有机储氢材料的加氢与脱氢。(The invention belongs to the field of catalysts, and particularly relates to a hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst for an organic hydrogen storage material and a preparation method thereof. The organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst comprises an active component and a carrier, wherein the active component is selected from one or more of platinum, lead, rhodium, ruthenium and gold, and the carrier is selected from one or more of metal oxide, molecular sieve and porous material; the active component is loaded on the carrier, and the loading amount of the active component on the carrier is 1-5 wt% of the mass of the carrier based on the mass of the active component. The preparation method of the organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst comprises the following steps: 1) providing an aqueous solution of a soluble salt of the active component, impregnating the support in said aqueous solution; 2) drying and roasting the solution in the step 1); 3) reducing the roasted product in the step 2) to obtain the catalyst. The catalyst has high selectivity, and can realize hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of the organic hydrogen storage material.)

1. An organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst comprises an active component and a carrier, wherein the active component is selected from one or more of platinum, lead, rhodium, ruthenium and gold, and the carrier is selected from one or more of metal oxide, molecular sieve and porous material; the active component is loaded on the carrier, and the loading amount of the active component on the carrier is 1-5 wt% of the mass of the carrier based on the mass of the active component.

2. The organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst of claim 1, wherein the metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, titania, ceria, and combinations of one or more of ceria.

3. The organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst of claim 1, wherein the molecular sieve is selected from MCM-41 and/or SBA-15.

4. The organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst of claim 1, wherein the porous material is selected from the group consisting of graphene, activated carbon, carbon nitride, and combinations of one or more thereof.

5. The method for preparing a hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst for organic hydrogen storage materials as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:

1) providing an aqueous solution of a soluble salt of the active component, impregnating the support in said aqueous solution;

2) drying and roasting the solution in the step 1);

3) reducing the roasted product in the step 2) to obtain the catalyst.

6. The method for preparing the organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst according to claim 5, wherein the volume ratio of the aqueous solution of the soluble salt of the active component to the carrier in the step 1) is 1-1.5: 0.5 to 1.

7. The method for preparing a hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst for organic hydrogen storage materials according to claim 5, wherein the soluble salt of the active component in step 1) is selected from one or more of platinum nitrate, lead nitrate, rhodium nitrate, ruthenium nitrate, platinum chloride, lead chloride, rhodium chloride, ruthenium chloride, and gold chloride.

8. The method for preparing an organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst according to claim 5, wherein the concentration of the metal component in the aqueous solution of the soluble salt in step 1) is 0.66 to 5 wt%.

9. The method for preparing a hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst for organic hydrogen storage materials according to claim 5, wherein the drying temperature in step 2) is 70-110 ℃ and the drying time is 2-6 h; the roasting temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the roasting time is 2-6 h.

10. The method of claim 5, wherein the calcined product of step 3) is reduced with a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of sodium borohydride, sodium citrate, and ascorbic acid.

11. The method of preparing an organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst according to claim 5, wherein the reducing the calcined product in step 3) is by calcining in a hydrogen atmosphere.

12. Use of the organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of organic hydrogen storage materials.

13. A method for hydrogenating an organic hydrogen storage material, which comprises the steps of mixing the organic hydrogen storage material with the catalyst as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, and reacting at the reaction temperature of 130-180 ℃ and the hydrogen pressure of 5-8 Mpa.

14. A method for dehydrogenating an organic hydrogen storage material, comprising mixing the organic hydrogen storage material with the catalyst of any one of claims 1 to 4, and reacting at a reaction temperature of 180 ℃ and 290 ℃ and a hydrogen pressure of 1 bar.

15. A method of hydrogenating an organic hydrogen storage material according to claim 13 and a method of dehydrogenating an organic hydrogen storage material according to claim 14, wherein the mass ratio of the organic hydrogen storage material to the catalyst is 5:1-20: 1; the organic hydrogen storage material is selected from one of ethylene glycol, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, decalin, quinoline, carbazole, methylcarbazole and ethylcarbazole.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of catalysts, and particularly relates to a hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst for an organic hydrogen storage material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the development of society and economy, energy shortage and environmental pollution caused by the combustion of fossil fuels become two major problems facing human beings in the century. The hydrogen energy has the advantages of environmental friendliness, abundant resources, high heat value, good combustion performance, high potential economic benefit and the like, so the hydrogen energy is considered as an energy carrier with the most development potential in future energy structures and is also an important green energy in the century. Hydrogen storage materials are novel functional materials that have been developed in the last two or three decades along with hydrogen energy and environmental protection. At present, there are two main storage technologies for hydrogen: the first is the traditional hydrogen storage method, which comprises high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage; the second is the oxygen storage of novel hydrogen storage materials, including oxygen storage alloy, coordination oxide, carbonaceous material, organic liquid oxide, porous material, and the like. The novel oxygen storage material has high energy density and good safety, and is considered to be one of the most promising hydrogen storage modes. Research in this field has resulted in several staged results, and although various materials developed at present have disadvantages that are not easily overcome, the hydrogen storage materials have a wide prospect.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst for organic hydrogen storage material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the organic liquid hydrogen storage material can be dehydrogenated to form a dehydrogenation product under the action of the catalyst of the present invention, and then the dehydrogenation product can also be hydrogenated to form the hydrogen storage material under the action of the catalyst of the present invention.

In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention provides, in one aspect, an organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst comprising an active component selected from the group consisting of platinum, lead, rhodium, ruthenium, and gold in combination, and a support selected from the group consisting of metal oxides, molecular sieves, and porous materials in combination; the active component is loaded on the carrier, and the loading amount of the active component on the carrier is 1-5 wt% of the mass of the carrier based on the mass of the active component.

In some embodiments of the invention, the metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, titania, ceria, and combinations of one or more of the oxides of ceria.

In some embodiments of the invention, the molecular sieve is selected from MCM-41 and/or SBA-15.

In some embodiments of the invention, the porous material is selected from a combination of one or more of graphene, activated carbon, carbon nitride.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst for an organic hydrogen storage material, comprising the following steps:

1) providing an aqueous solution of a soluble salt of the active component, impregnating the support in said aqueous solution;

2) drying and roasting the solution in the step 1);

3) reducing the roasted product in the step 2) to obtain the catalyst.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the volume ratio of the aqueous solution of the soluble salt of the active component to the carrier in the step 1) is 1 to 1.5: 0.5 to 1.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the soluble salt of the active component in step 1) is selected from one or more of platinum nitrate, lead nitrate, rhodium nitrate, ruthenium nitrate, platinum chloride, lead chloride, rhodium chloride, ruthenium chloride, and gold chloride.

In some embodiments of the invention, the concentration of the metal component in the aqueous solution of the soluble salt in step 1) is from 0.66 to 5 wt%.

In some embodiments of the invention, the drying temperature in the step 2) is 70-110 ℃, and the drying time is 2-6 h; the roasting temperature is 300-400 ℃, and the roasting time is 2-6 h.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the calcined product in step 3) is reduced with a reducing agent selected from one or more of sodium borohydride, sodium citrate, and ascorbic acid.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the reducing the calcined product in the step 3) is reducing by calcining under a hydrogen atmosphere.

In another aspect, the invention provides the use of the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst for organic hydrogen storage materials in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of organic hydrogen storage materials.

The invention also provides a method for hydrogenating an organic hydrogen storage material, which comprises the steps of mixing the organic hydrogen storage material with the catalyst as described in any one of claims 1-4, and reacting at the reaction temperature of 130-180 ℃ and the hydrogen pressure of 5-8 Mpa.

In some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the organic hydrogen storage material to the catalyst is from 5:1 to 20: 1; the organic hydrogen storage material is selected from one of ethylene glycol, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, decalin, quinoline, carbazole, methylcarbazole and ethylcarbazole.

The invention also provides a method for dehydrogenating an organic hydrogen storage material, which comprises the steps of mixing the organic hydrogen storage material with the catalyst as described in any one of claims 1-4, and reacting at the reaction temperature of 180-290 ℃ and the hydrogen pressure of 1 bar.

In some embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the organic hydrogen storage material to the catalyst is from 5:1 to 20: 1; the organic hydrogen storage material is selected from one of ethylene glycol, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, decalin, quinoline, carbazole, methylcarbazole and ethylcarbazole.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a GC-MS graph of ethylcarbazole in examples 1 to 11 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a GC-MS graph of dodecahydroethylcarbazole in examples 1 to 11 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst of the present invention, and the preparation method and application thereof are described in detail below.

The invention provides an organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst, which comprises an active component and a carrier, wherein the active component is selected from one or more of platinum, lead, rhodium, ruthenium, gold and palladium, and the carrier is selected from one or more of metal oxide, molecular sieve and porous material; the active component is supported on the carrier.

In the organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst provided by the invention, the loading capacity of the active component on the carrier is 1-5 wt%, 1-3 wt%, 3-5 wt%, 1-2 wt%, 2-3 wt%, 3-4 wt%, or 4-5 wt% of the mass of the carrier based on the mass of the active component. Within the above loading range, the active component can be well loaded on the carrier.

In the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst of the organic hydrogen storage material provided by the invention, the active component is preferably selected from one or more of rhodium, ruthenium and palladium.

In the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst of the organic hydrogen storage material provided by the invention, the carrier is preferably selected from alumina and/or MCM-41.

In the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst of the organic hydrogen storage material, the metal oxide is selected from one or more of alumina, silica, titanium oxide, cerium oxide and cerium oxide. As a preferred embodiment, the metal oxide is selected from alumina.

In the organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst provided by the invention, the molecular sieve is selected from MCM-41 and/or SBA-15. As a preferred embodiment, the molecular sieve is selected from MCM-41.

In the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst for the organic hydrogen storage material, the porous material is selected from one or more of graphene, activated carbon and carbon nitride.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the steps of:

1) providing an aqueous solution of a soluble salt of the active component, impregnating the support in said aqueous solution;

2) drying and roasting the solution in the step 1);

3) reducing the roasted product in the step 2) to obtain the catalyst.

In the preparation method of the organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst, step 1) is to provide an aqueous solution of soluble salts of active components and to immerse the carrier in the aqueous solution. Specifically, the volume ratio of the aqueous solution of the soluble salt of the active component to the carrier in the step 1) is 1-1.5: 0.5 to 1. Further, the aqueous solution of the soluble salt of the active ingredient is selected from nitrate and/or chloride salts of the active ingredient. Still further, the soluble salt of the active component in step 1) is selected from one or more of platinum nitrate, lead nitrate, rhodium nitrate, ruthenium nitrate, platinum chloride, lead chloride, rhodium chloride, ruthenium chloride and gold chloride. The concentration of the metal component in the aqueous solution of the soluble salt in the step 1) may be 0.66 to 5 wt%, 0.66 to 2 wt%, 2 to 3 wt%, 3 to 4 wt%, or 4 to 5 wt%.

In the preparation method of the organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst, the step 2) is to dry and calcine the solution in the step 1). Specifically, in the drying process, the drying may be carried out in an oven in a usual case, and the drying temperature may be 70 to 110 ℃, 70 to 90 ℃, 90 to 110 ℃, 70 to 80 ℃, 80 to 90 ℃, 90 to 100 ℃, or 100-110 ℃. The drying time is 2-6 h. And roasting after drying, wherein in the roasting process, the roasting is usually carried out in a muffle furnace and the like, the roasting temperature can be 300-.

In the preparation method of the organic hydrogen storage material hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst provided by the invention, the calcined product in the step 2) is reduced in the step 3), and specifically, the calcined product can be reduced by a reducing agent selected from one or more of sodium borohydride, sodium citrate and ascorbic acid. The roasted product can be reduced by roasting in a hydrogen atmosphere. Further, a certain amount of nitrogen is mixed in the hydrogen atmosphere, wherein the ratio of hydrogen to nitrogen is 5-10: 90-95. The reduction process can be carried out in a tubular furnace, the flow rate of the introduced hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas is 60-120 ml/min, the temperature is raised to 300-500 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 2-6h, and then the temperature is reduced to obtain the catalyst.

In a third aspect, the invention provides the use of the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation catalyst for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of an organic hydrogen storage material according to the first aspect of the invention.

The fourth aspect of the invention provides a method for hydrogenating an organic hydrogen storage material, which comprises the steps of mixing the organic hydrogen storage material with a catalyst, and reacting at the reaction temperature of 130-180 ℃ and the hydrogen pressure of 5-8 Mpa.

In the method for hydrogenating the organic hydrogen storage material, the organic hydrogen storage material and the catalyst are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1-20:1, and the mass ratio of the organic hydrogen storage material to the catalyst can be 5:1-8:1, 8:1-10:1, 10:1-15:1, or 15:1-20: 1. Then adjusting the hydrogen pressure to 5-8Mpa, wherein the hydrogen pressure can be 5-6Mpa, 6-7Mpa or 7-8Mpa, the reaction temperature is increased to 130-; and reacting for 1-8 h. Then, the reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature, and if the reaction mixture is carried out in a pressure vessel such as an autoclave, the pressure change value of the autoclave is read, and the hydrogen absorption amount of the organic hydrogen storage material is further converted. Wherein the organic hydrogen storage material is selected from one of ethylene glycol, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, decalin, quinoline, carbazole, methylcarbazole, and ethylcarbazole.

The fifth aspect of the invention provides a method for dehydrogenating an organic hydrogen storage material, which comprises mixing the organic hydrogen storage material with a catalyst, and reacting at a reaction temperature of 180-290 ℃.

In the method for dehydrogenating the organic hydrogen storage material, the organic hydrogen storage material and the catalyst are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1-20:1, and the mass ratio of the organic hydrogen storage material to the catalyst can be 5:1-8:1, 8:1-10:1, 10:1-15:1, or 15:1-20: 1. The dehydrogenation reaction is carried out at the temperature of 180 ℃ and 290 ℃. Wherein the organic hydrogen storage material is selected from one of ethylene glycol, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, decalin, quinoline, carbazole, methylcarbazole, and ethylcarbazole.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the organic hydrogen storage material hydrogen storage dehydrogenation catalyst prepared by the invention has higher selectivity when being applied to hydrogen storage dehydrogenation reaction of organic matters, organic liquid is obtained by hydrogenating the hydrogen storage material under the action of the catalyst, and then the hydrogen storage material is obtained by dehydrogenating the organic liquid. In the hydrogenation reaction of the organic hydrogen storage material, the conversion rate of the catalyst on ethyl carbazole can reach 98%, the selectivity on dodecahydroethyl carbazole can reach 98%, in the dehydrogenation reaction of the organic hydrogen storage material, the conversion rate on dodecahydroethyl carbazole can reach 91%, and the selectivity on ethyl carbazole can reach 89%.

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

It is to be understood that the processing equipment or apparatus not specifically identified in the following examples is conventional in the art.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that one or more method steps mentioned in the present invention does not exclude that other method steps may also be present before or after the combined steps or that other method steps may also be inserted between these explicitly mentioned steps, unless otherwise indicated; it is also to be understood that a combined connection between one or more devices/apparatus as referred to in the present application does not exclude that further devices/apparatus may be present before or after the combined device/apparatus or that further devices/apparatus may be interposed between two devices/apparatus explicitly referred to, unless otherwise indicated. Moreover, unless otherwise indicated, the numbering of the various method steps is merely a convenient tool for identifying the various method steps, and is not intended to limit the order in which the method steps are arranged or the scope of the invention in which the invention may be practiced, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantially changing the technical content.