阅读说明：本技术 基于铁基材料感应加热的快速钎焊复合工艺 (Rapid brazing compounding process based on iron-based material induction heating ) 是由 徐礼庆 谢峰 聂刚 于 2019-10-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种基于铁基材料感应加热的快速钎焊复合工艺,涉及钎焊技术领域,通过添加铁基材料来优化钎料的钎焊性能,并添加无机硅胶来起到增粘作用,从而实现泡沫铝材料与铝板的快速钎焊复合,同时保证钎焊质量；解决了泡沫铝与铝板的大面积钎焊复合问题,设备、辅料成本低,易于批量生产全金属钎焊复合板,尤其适用于军工、航天、舰船等对复合板性能、稳定性要求高的应用领域。(The invention discloses a rapid brazing compounding process based on iron-based material induction heating, which relates to the technical field of brazing, wherein the brazing performance of brazing filler metal is optimized by adding an iron-based material, and inorganic silica gel is added to play a role in tackifying, so that the rapid brazing compounding of a foamed aluminum material and an aluminum plate is realized, and the brazing quality is ensured; the method solves the problem of large-area brazing compounding of the foamed aluminum and the aluminum plate, has low equipment and auxiliary material cost, is easy to produce all-metal brazing composite plates in batches, and is particularly suitable for application fields of military industry, aerospace, ships and warships and the like with high requirements on the performance and stability of the composite plates.)

1. The rapid brazing compounding process based on the induction heating of the iron-based material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

(1) mixing a brazing flux with an iron-based material, and adding inorganic silica gel for tackifying to obtain a brazing filler metal;

(2) bonding the foamed aluminum material with an aluminum plate to be compounded by using the brazing filler metal;

(3) using induction heating outside the plate to heat the brazing flux to a melting temperature;

(4) and (5) rapidly cooling to finish the brazing forming.

2. The rapid brazing compounding process based on induction heating of an iron-based material according to claim 1, wherein: the dosage of the iron-based material accounts for 10-30% of the mass of the brazing flux, and the dosage of the inorganic silica gel accounts for 2-4% of the mass of the brazing flux.

3. The rapid brazing compounding process based on induction heating of an iron-based material according to claim 1, wherein: the iron-based material is iron powder or an iron-nickel-based material.

4. The rapid brazing compounding process based on induction heating of an iron-based material according to claim 3, wherein: the iron-nickel-based material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 30-50% of Ni, 1-5% of Al, 0.2-1% of Mn, 0.1-0.5% of Ti0.1, and the balance of Fe.

5. The rapid brazing compounding process based on induction heating of an iron-based material according to claim 1, wherein: the brazing flux consists of the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of Al, 1-5% of Cu, 0.5-3% of Mg, 0.1-0.5% of Y, 0.1-0.5% of V and the balance of Zn.

6. The rapid brazing compounding process based on induction heating of an iron-based material according to claim 1, wherein: the heating frequency of the induction heating is 1500-2000Hz, and the heating temperature is 500-800 ℃.

7. The rapid brazing compounding process based on induction heating of an iron-based material according to claim 1, wherein: forced water cooling is adopted for rapid cooling, and the water cooling speed is more than 100 ℃/min.

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the technical field of brazing, in particular to a rapid brazing compounding process based on iron-based material induction heating.

Background art:

the foamed aluminum is a novel aluminum-based metal material which is prepared by adding an additive into pure aluminum or aluminum alloy and foaming or other processes, has the characteristics of metal and bubbles, and has the characteristics of low density, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, sound insulation, noise reduction, low thermal conductivity, strong impact absorption capacity, strong fire resistance, strong weather resistance and the like.

Brazing, which is a welding method that after brazing filler metal lower than the melting point of a weldment and the weldment are heated to the melting temperature of the brazing filler metal at the same time, the liquid brazing filler metal is used for filling the gaps of solid workpieces to connect the metals. The brazing filler metal, also known as brazing flux, can ensure that the brazing process is smoothly carried out and a firm brazing joint is obtained.

Brazing is seen as one of the most practical possibilities for joining aluminum foams, but some problems still remain. Firstly, due to the existence of gaps, the brazing filler metal on one side of the foamed aluminum is not well wetted and filled during brazing, and further, the mechanical property of the whole brazed joint is poor. Secondly, Al-Si brazing filler metal is usually adopted for brazing the foamed aluminum and the aluminum, although the brazing filler metal has good wettability to the foamed aluminum, the brazing filler metal has high melting point, the base metal is easy to be overburnt or even melted, and the mechanical property of the finally obtained brazed joint is not high. Moreover, the production efficiency is low, which is not beneficial to industrialized mass production.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a rapid brazing compounding process based on iron-based material induction heating, which solves the problem of large-area brazing compounding of foamed aluminum and an aluminum plate, has low equipment and auxiliary material cost and is easy to produce all-metal brazing composite plates in batches.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

the rapid brazing compounding process based on the induction heating of the iron-based material comprises the following steps of:

(1) mixing a brazing flux with an iron-based material, and adding inorganic silica gel for tackifying to obtain a brazing filler metal;

(2) bonding the foamed aluminum material with an aluminum plate to be compounded by using the brazing filler metal;

(3) using induction heating outside the plate to heat the brazing flux to a melting temperature;

(4) and (5) rapidly cooling to finish the brazing forming.

The dosage of the iron-based material accounts for 10-30% of the mass of the brazing flux, and the dosage of the inorganic silica gel accounts for 2-4% of the mass of the brazing flux.

The iron-based material is iron powder or an iron-nickel-based material.

The iron-nickel-based material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 30-50% of Ni, 1-5% of Al, 0.2-1% of Mn0.1-0.5% of Ti and the balance of Fe.

The brazing flux consists of the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of Al, 1-5% of Cu, 0.5-3% of Mg, 0.1-0.5% of Y, 0.1-0.5% of V and the balance of Zn. According to the invention, metal elements Y and V are added into the brazing flux to improve the mechanical property of the brazing joint.

The heating frequency of the induction heating is 1500-2000Hz, and the heating temperature is 500-800 ℃.

Forced water cooling is adopted for rapid cooling, and the water cooling speed is more than 100 ℃/min.

In order to optimize the mechanical property of a soldered joint by strengthening the soldering performance of the solder, the invention also replaces the preparation steps of the solder in the step (1) of the technical scheme with the following steps: and mixing the brazing flux, the iron-based material and the antimony powder, and adding the inorganic silica gel for tackifying to obtain the brazing filler metal.

The dosage of the antimony powder accounts for 0.1-1% of the mass of the brazing flux.

In order to stabilize the cellular structure of the foamed aluminum and improve the wettability of the brazing filler metal to the foamed aluminum, the invention also adopts an ultrasonic freezing treatment technology to pretreat the foamed aluminum, and replaces the step (2) in the technical scheme with 'using the brazing filler metal and bonding the foamed aluminum material subjected to ultrasonic freezing treatment with an aluminum plate needing to be compounded'.

The ultrasonic freezing treatment conditions comprise ultrasonic frequency of 40KHz, ultrasonic power of 1000W and freezing temperature of-15 ℃.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention optimizes the brazing performance of the brazing filler metal by adding the iron-based material, and plays a role in tackifying by adding the inorganic silica gel, thereby realizing the rapid brazing compounding of the foamed aluminum material and the aluminum plate and simultaneously ensuring the brazing quality.

(2) The invention solves the problem of large-area brazing compounding of foamed aluminum and an aluminum plate, has low equipment and auxiliary material cost, is easy to produce all-metal brazing composite plates in batches, and is particularly suitable for application fields of military industry, aerospace, ships and warships and the like with high requirements on the performance and stability of the composite plates.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

The inorganic silica gels in the following examples and comparative examples were obtained from Qingdao oceanic plants as inorganic silica gels having a particle size of 4 mm.