阅读说明：本技术 一种温度可调车厢板及其制备方法 (Temperature-adjustable carriage plate and preparation method thereof ) 是由 谭志均 杨剑波 杨宇 谭自成 于 2021-07-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于复合板材的制备领域,公开一种温度可调车厢板及其制备方法。包括第一面板层、第二面板层以及位于两者之间的夹芯层,所述夹心层为一层泡沫层或由两层以上泡沫层叠加而成,每层泡沫层由若干个泡沫块相互拼接而成；所述第一面板层、第二面板层为纤维增强树脂基复合材料；所述泡沫块为聚氨酯泡沫块、PVC泡沫块或酚醛泡沫块；所述泡沫块自其一侧表面中间部位向内开设有凹槽,凹槽内部填充有相变材料。本发明车厢板将泡沫块与相变材料组合作为夹心层,泡沫块采用中空结构,其内部填充相变材料,相变材料的加入可以吸收过热能量,维持温度恒定,从而在不影响板材整体厚度的情况下,使夹心层整体具备优良的保温性能。(The invention belongs to the field of preparation of composite boards, and discloses a temperature-adjustable carriage board and a preparation method thereof. The sandwich layer is a foam layer or is formed by laminating more than two layers of foams, and each foam layer is formed by mutually splicing a plurality of foam blocks; the first panel layer and the second panel layer are made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials; the foam block is a polyurethane foam block, a PVC foam block or a phenolic foam block; the foam block is provided with a groove inwards from the middle part of one side surface of the foam block, and the phase-change material is filled in the groove. The carriage board combines the foam block and the phase-change material to form the sandwich layer, the foam block adopts a hollow structure, the phase-change material is filled in the foam block, and the phase-change material can absorb overheating energy and maintain constant temperature, so that the sandwich layer has excellent heat insulation performance on the whole under the condition of not influencing the whole thickness of the board.)

1. A temperature-adjustable carriage plate comprises a first panel layer, a second panel layer and a sandwich layer positioned between the first panel layer and the second panel layer, wherein the sandwich layer is a foam layer or is formed by laminating more than two layers of foams, and each foam layer is formed by mutually splicing a plurality of foam blocks; the first panel layer and the second panel layer are made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials; the foam block is a polyurethane foam block, a PVC foam block or a phenolic foam block; the method is characterized in that: the foam block is provided with a groove inwards from the middle part of one side surface of the foam block, and the phase-change material is filled in the groove.

2. The temperature adjustable compartment panel of claim 1, wherein: the phase-change material is n-tetradecane, bromohexadecane, n-hexadecane, paraffin, organic polyoxyethylene ether, caprylic acid/lauric acid mixture or inorganic phase-change material.

3. The temperature adjustable compartment panel of claim 1, wherein: and a buffer material or a reinforcing rib is arranged in the splicing seam of the adjacent foam blocks, and the material of the reinforcing rib is the same as that of the first panel layer and the second panel layer.

4. The temperature adjustable bed plate as recited in claim 3, wherein: the buffer material is a rubber block.

5. The temperature adjustable compartment panel of claim 4, wherein: the rubber in the rubber block is styrene butadiene rubber, natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, butadiene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, polyisoprene rubber, fluororubber or silicone rubber.

6. A method for manufacturing a temperature-adjustable car body panel according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized by the steps of:

(1) firstly, cutting a plurality of foam blocks for sandwich layers according to the size of the whole carriage plate, processing a groove inwards from the middle part of one side surface of each foam block, and then spraying gel coat resin on the inner surface of each groove to form a film; the machined side surface is one surface of the upper end surface facing the thickness direction of the whole plate;

(2) filling the phase change material in the groove;

(3) paving: splicing the foam blocks obtained in the step (2) to form a spliced layer with the same number of layers as the foam layer, wherein when the spliced layer is one layer, the spliced layer is directly used as a spliced body, and when the spliced layer is more than two layers, all the spliced layers are superposed to be used as the spliced body; layering the release film, the first demolding cloth, the first fiber cloth, the splicing body, the second fiber cloth, the second demolding cloth and the flow guide piece from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the flow guide piece is connected with the glue injection piece, and thus a laminated body is obtained; the fibers in the first fiber cloth and the second fiber cloth correspond to the fibers in the fiber reinforced resin composite material;

(4) and sealing: sealing the laminated body obtained in the step (3) by using a vacuum bag film and ensuring that a glue injection opening of a glue injection piece is exposed out of the vacuum bag film, and then vacuumizing and maintaining pressure;

(5) preparing a glue solution: uniformly mixing the resin, the curing agent and the accelerator according to the mass ratio of 100 to (0-50) to (0-2) to obtain glue solution; the resin is corresponding resin in the fiber reinforced resin composite material;

(6) and injecting glue: injecting the glue solution obtained in the step (5) into the completely sealed laminated body obtained in the step (4) through a glue injection port, and ensuring that the glue solution can be used for impregnating the whole first fiber cloth and the whole second fiber cloth until the first fiber cloth and the second fiber cloth are saturated in absorption;

(7) and curing: after the glue injection is finished, sealing the glue injection port, and finishing the curing in a vacuum state;

(8) and demolding: and (5) demolding after curing is finished to obtain the carriage plate.

7. The method of manufacturing a temperature adjustable compartment panel of claim 6, wherein: in the step (3), when the foam blocks are spliced, splicing a third fiber cloth between two adjacent foam blocks, wherein fibers in the third fiber cloth correspond to fibers in the fiber reinforced resin composite material; when the number of the foam layers is more than two, the third fiber cloth between the adjacent layers is arranged in a staggered manner.

8. The method of manufacturing a temperature adjustable compartment panel of claim 6, wherein: in the step (1), cutting the foam block and simultaneously cutting the rubber block, wherein the rubber block is 2-5 mm higher than the foam block; correspondingly, in the step (3), when the foam blocks are spliced, a rubber block is spliced between two adjacent foam blocks.

9. The method of manufacturing a temperature adjustable compartment panel of claim 6, wherein: in the step (5), the curing agent is methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, dicyandiamide and derivatives thereof, diaminodiphenyl sulfone, a polyether diamine type curing agent, isophthalic acid hydrazide, isocyanate modified imidazole, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide or benzoyl peroxide, and the accelerator is organic urea UR300, organic urea UR500, DMP-30, pyridine, liquid imidazole, benzoperoxide amide, triethylamine, a cobalt accelerator system or N, N-dimethylaniline.

10. The method of manufacturing a temperature adjustable compartment panel of claim 6, wherein: in the step (7), the curing conditions are as follows: the curing temperature is 50-120 ℃ and the curing time is 2-8 h.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of preparation of composite boards, and particularly relates to a temperature-adjustable carriage board and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The light, heat-insulating and heat-insulating performance is always an important functional attribute in the application of the plate and is also a hotspot direction for research in the field of the plate.

At present, the light heat-insulating composite board mostly consists of a heat-insulating sandwich layer and a panel, the panel mostly adopts high-strength fiber boards, stone slabs and the like, the heat-insulating sandwich layer is mostly made of common organic foams such as polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam and the like, but in order to further improve the heat-insulating performance, the thickness of the sandwich layer is inevitably increased, which is in contradiction with the thickness of the board required by the current light-weight composite material, so in order to meet the requirement of higher heat-insulating performance, the improvement of the heat-insulating performance of the board is still one of the problems to be considered in the current research process while the thinner application requirement of the composite board is kept.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and disadvantages of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a temperature-adjustable compartment panel and a method for manufacturing the same.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a temperature-adjustable carriage plate comprises a first panel layer, a second panel layer and a sandwich layer positioned between the first panel layer and the second panel layer, wherein the sandwich layer is a foam layer or is formed by laminating more than two layers of foams, and each foam layer is formed by mutually splicing a plurality of foam blocks; the first panel layer and the second panel layer are made of fiber reinforced resin matrix composite materials; the foam block is a polyurethane foam block, a PVC foam block or a phenolic foam block; the foam block is provided with a groove inwards from the middle part of one side surface of the foam block, and the phase-change material is filled in the groove.

Preferably, the phase-change material is n-tetradecane, bromohexadecane, n-hexadecane, paraffin, organic polyoxyethylene ether, caprylic acid/lauric acid mixture or inorganic phase-change material.

Preferably, the splicing seams of the adjacent foam blocks are internally provided with buffer materials or reinforcing ribs, and the material of the reinforcing ribs is the same as that of the first panel layer and the second panel layer.

Preferably, the cushioning material is a rubber block.

Preferably, the rubber in the rubber block is styrene-butadiene rubber, natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, butadiene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, polyisoprene rubber, fluororubber or silicone rubber.

The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) firstly, cutting a plurality of foam blocks for sandwich layers according to the size of the whole carriage plate, processing a groove inwards from the middle part of one side surface of each foam block, and then spraying gel coat resin on the inner surface of each groove to form a film; the machined side surface is one surface of the upper end surface facing the thickness direction of the whole plate;

(2) filling the phase change material in the groove;

(3) paving: splicing the foam blocks obtained in the step (2) to form a spliced layer with the same number of layers as the foam layer, wherein when the spliced layer is one layer, the spliced layer is directly used as a spliced body, and when the spliced layer is more than two layers, all the spliced layers are superposed to be used as the spliced body; layering the release film, the first demolding cloth, the first fiber cloth, the splicing body, the second fiber cloth, the second demolding cloth and the flow guide piece from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the flow guide piece is connected with the glue injection piece, and thus a laminated body is obtained; the fibers in the first fiber cloth and the second fiber cloth correspond to the fibers in the fiber reinforced resin composite material;

(4) and sealing: sealing the laminated body obtained in the step (3) by using a vacuum bag film and ensuring that a glue injection opening of a glue injection piece is exposed out of the vacuum bag film, and then vacuumizing and maintaining pressure;

(5) preparing a glue solution: uniformly mixing the resin, the curing agent and the accelerator according to the mass ratio of 100 to (0-50) to (0-2) to obtain glue solution; the resin is corresponding resin in the fiber reinforced resin composite material;

(6) and injecting glue: injecting the glue solution obtained in the step (5) into the completely sealed laminated body obtained in the step (4) through a glue injection port, and ensuring that the glue solution can be used for impregnating the whole first fiber cloth and the whole second fiber cloth until the first fiber cloth and the second fiber cloth are saturated in absorption;

(7) and curing: after the glue injection is finished, sealing the glue injection port, and finishing the curing in a vacuum state;

(8) and demolding: and (5) demolding after curing is finished to obtain the carriage plate.

Preferably, in the step (3), when the foam blocks are spliced, a third fiber cloth is spliced between two adjacent foam blocks, and fibers in the third fiber cloth correspond to fibers in the fiber reinforced resin composite material; when the number of the foam layers is more than two, the third fiber cloth between the adjacent layers is arranged in a staggered manner.

Preferably, in the step (1), the rubber block is cut while the foam block is cut, and the height of the rubber block is 2-5 mm higher than that of the foam block; correspondingly, in the step (3), when the foam blocks are spliced, a rubber block is spliced between two adjacent foam blocks.

Preferably, in step (5), the curing agent is methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, dicyandiamide and derivatives thereof, diamino diphenyl sulfone, polyether diamine type curing agent, isophthalic acid hydrazide, isocyanate modified imidazole, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide or benzoyl peroxide, and the accelerator is organic urea UR300, organic urea UR500, DMP-30, pyridine, liquid imidazole, benzoyl peroxide, triethylamine, cobalt accelerator system or N, N-dimethylaniline

Preferably, in the step (7), the curing conditions are as follows: the curing temperature is 50-120 ℃ and the curing time is 2-8 h.

The "fiber-reinforced resin composite" in the present invention may be prepared according to the prior art or may be obtained commercially. The structure of the flow guide piece and the glue injection piece is disclosed in patent CN 2020102591745.

Has the advantages that: the carriage board combines the foam block and the phase-change material to form the sandwich layer, the foam block adopts a hollow structure, the phase-change material is filled in the foam block, the phase-change material can absorb overheating energy and maintain constant temperature, so that the whole sandwich layer has excellent heat insulation performance under the condition of not influencing the whole thickness of the board, meanwhile, the phase-change material is packaged in the foam block, and when the heat absorption liquefied phase-change material is subjected to high temperature, the heat absorption liquefied phase-change material cannot overflow to pollute the board, so that the service life of the board is prolonged.

Detailed Description

In order to make the invention clearer and clearer, the invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

A temperature-adjustable carriage plate comprises a first panel layer, a second panel layer and a sandwich layer positioned between the first panel layer and the second panel layer, wherein the sandwich layer is a foam layer, and the foam layer is formed by mutually splicing a plurality of foam blocks; the first panel layer and the second panel layer are made of glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyester-based composite materials; the foam block is a polyurethane foam block; the foam block is internally provided with a groove from the middle part of one side surface, and the phase-change material is filled in the groove; the phase-change material is paraffin; the thickness of the first panel layer is 1 mm, and the thickness of the second panel layer is 2 mm; the thickness of the sandwich layer is 10 mm.

The preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) firstly, preparing a plurality of foam blocks for sandwich layers according to the size of the whole carriage plate, processing a groove inwards from the middle part of one side surface of each foam block, and then spraying gel coat resin on the inner surface of the groove to form a film; the machined side surface is one surface of the upper end surface facing the thickness direction of the whole plate;

(2) filling a phase-change material into the grooves formed in the step (1), processing the cut foam blocks into foam sheets, and bonding the foam sheets with the peripheries of the grooves by using a resin adhesive, wherein the upper surfaces of the foam sheets are flush with the surfaces of the foam blocks around the grooves;

(3) paving: firstly, splicing the foam blocks in the step (2) to form a splicing layer, wherein the splicing layer is directly used as a splicing body; layering the release film, the first demolding cloth, the first fiber cloth, the splicing body, the second fiber cloth, the second demolding cloth and the flow guide piece from bottom to top in sequence, wherein the flow guide piece is connected with the glue injection piece, and thus a laminated body is obtained; the first fiber cloth and the second fiber cloth are glass fiber cloth; the release film is a PET film; the first demolding cloth and the second demolding cloth are the same and are polytetrafluoroethylene demolding cloth;

(4) and sealing: sealing the laminated body obtained in the step (3) by using a vacuum bag film and ensuring that a glue injection opening of a glue injection piece is exposed out of the vacuum bag film, and then vacuumizing and maintaining pressure;

(5) preparing a glue solution: uniformly mixing unsaturated polyester, a curing agent and an accelerator according to the mass ratio of 100: 2: 0.3 to obtain a glue solution, wherein the curing agent is epoxidized methyl ethyl ketone, and the accelerator is a cobalt accelerator;

(6) and injecting glue: injecting the glue solution obtained in the step (5) into the completely sealed laminated body obtained in the step (3) through a glue injection port, and ensuring that the glue solution can be used for impregnating the whole first fiber cloth and the whole second fiber cloth until the first fiber cloth and the second fiber cloth are saturated in absorption;

(7) and curing: after the glue injection is finished, sealing the glue injection port, and curing for 8 hours at 90 ℃ in a vacuum state;

(8) and demolding: and (5) demolding after curing is finished to obtain the carriage plate.

The thermal conductivity coefficient of the carriage plate prepared by the embodiment is 0.027W/m.K, and the compressive strength is 5.0 MPa.

Example 2

A temperature-adjustable carriage plate is structurally different from the carriage plate in the embodiment 1: the sandwich layer is formed by laminating two layers of foam; reinforcing ribs are arranged in the splicing seams of the adjacent foam blocks; the first panel layer, the second panel layer and the reinforcing ribs are made of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix composite materials, and the foam blocks are polystyrene foam blocks; correspondingly, the preparation process differs from example 1 in that: and (3) splicing a third fiber cloth between two adjacent foam blocks, wherein the third fiber cloth is glass fiber cloth, the foam blocks and the third fiber cloth are spliced to form two splicing layers, the third fiber cloth between the adjacent layers is arranged in a staggered manner, and the two splicing layers are superposed up and down to form a spliced body.

The thermal conductivity coefficient of the carriage plate prepared by the embodiment is 0.027W/m.K, and the compressive strength is 5.3 MPa.

Example 3

A temperature-adjustable carriage plate is structurally different from the carriage plate in the embodiment 1: styrene butadiene rubber blocks are arranged in the splicing seams of the adjacent foam blocks; the thickness of the first panel layer is 2 mm, and the thickness of the second panel layer is 2 mm; the thickness of the sandwich layer is 20 mm; correspondingly, the preparation process differs from example 1 in that: in the step (1), preparing a rubber block while preparing the foam block, wherein the rubber block is 5 mm higher than the foam block; and (3) splicing a rubber block between two adjacent foam blocks, splicing the foam blocks and the rubber block to form a spliced layer, and directly using the spliced layer as a spliced body.

The thermal conductivity coefficient of the carriage plate prepared by the embodiment is 0.027W/m.K, and the compressive strength is 5.8 MPa.