阅读说明：本技术 一种石墨负极材料碳化新工艺 (Novel carbonization process for graphite negative electrode material ) 是由 吴建云 谢时杰 朱亚锋 吴乐云 侯汉江 于 2019-11-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种石墨负极材料碳化新工艺,所述石墨负极材料为放置于圆形坩埚内的包覆料,新工艺采用艾奇逊石墨化炉进行,该艾奇逊石墨化炉呈长方体状,左右两端设有电极并与整流变压器正负极相连,其包括炉底以及四周的炉墙；所述炉底上部、炉墙内侧以及炉顶均设有保温料并形成一个长方体空间；所述圆形坩埚分若干层放置于该长方体空间内；每一层圆形坩埚与保温料之间、各层圆形坩埚之间以及每一层的各圆形坩埚间隔之间均填充有电阻料；所述炉顶的保温料上均匀开设有若干排烟口并填充有石油焦。本发明能有效解决传统工艺中存在的需要使用专用的窑炉,耗费大量天然气及需用氮气进行实时保护,且易造成跑料的问题,耗能少,成本低,产量高。(The invention discloses a new carbonization process of a graphite cathode material, wherein the graphite cathode material is a coating material placed in a circular crucible, the new process is carried out by adopting an Acheson graphitizing furnace, the Acheson graphitizing furnace is cuboid, electrodes are arranged at the left end and the right end and are connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a rectifier transformer, and the Acheson graphitizing furnace comprises a furnace bottom and furnace walls at the periphery; the upper part of the furnace bottom, the inner side of the furnace wall and the furnace top are all provided with heat insulation materials to form a cuboid space; the circular crucible is arranged in the cuboid space in a plurality of layers; resistance materials are filled between each layer of circular crucible and the heat preservation material, between each layer of circular crucible and between each layer of circular crucible interval; a plurality of smoke outlets are uniformly formed in the heat insulation material on the furnace top, and petroleum coke is filled in the smoke outlets. The invention can effectively solve the problems that a special kiln is needed in the traditional process, a large amount of natural gas is consumed, nitrogen is needed for real-time protection, and material leakage is easy to cause, and has the advantages of low energy consumption, low cost and high yield.)

1. A new carbonization process of a graphite cathode material is characterized in that the graphite cathode material is a coating material, namely a layer of asphalt is coated on the outer side of the cathode material, and the coating material is placed in a circular crucible; the novel process for carbonizing the graphite cathode material is carried out by adopting an Acheson graphitizing furnace; the Acheson graphitization furnace is in a cuboid shape, the left end and the right end of the Acheson graphitization furnace are respectively provided with electrodes and are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the rectifier transformer, the Acheson graphitization furnace comprises a furnace bottom and a furnace wall around the furnace bottom, and the furnace bottom and the furnace wall are both built by refractory bricks; the upper part of the furnace bottom, the inner side of the furnace wall and the furnace top are all provided with heat insulation materials which form a cuboid space; the round crucible containing the coating material is placed in a cuboid space formed by the heat insulation material in a plurality of layers; resistance materials are filled between each layer of circular crucible and the heat preservation material, between each layer of circular crucible and between each layer of circular crucible interval gap; a plurality of smoke outlets are uniformly formed in the heat insulation material on the furnace top, and petroleum coke is filled in each smoke outlet.

2. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the Acheson graphitizing furnace is controlled to be uniformly and slowly increased after the power is supplied to the Acheson graphitizing furnace, and the final carbonization temperature is controlled to be 900-1100 ℃.

3. The new carbonization process of graphite cathode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the thermal insulation material arranged on the upper part of the furnace bottom and the inner side of the furnace wall is 190mm to 210mm, and the thickness of the thermal insulation material covered on the furnace top is more than or equal to 500 mm; the thickness of the resistance material arranged between each layer of the circular crucible and the heat preservation material and between each layer of the circular crucible is 90-110 mm.

4. The new carbonization process of graphite cathode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the furnace top is provided with a circular smoke outlet with a diameter of 500mm, and the smoke outlets are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the Acheson graphitization furnace at intervals of 2 m.

5. The novel carbonization process of the graphite cathode material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grain size of the petroleum coke filled in the smoke outlet is between 5 and 30 mm.

6. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the circular crucibles in each layer are arranged in several rows, the circular crucibles in each row are arranged next to each other or are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the intervals formed between the circular crucibles are filled with the electrical resistance material.

7. The new process for carbonizing a graphite negative electrode material of claim 6, wherein each row of the circular crucibles in each layer forms an angle of 60 ° with the length direction of the Acheson graphitizing furnace.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon industry, and particularly relates to a novel process for carbonizing a graphite cathode material.

Background

With the rise of new energy automobiles, the demand of the cathode material of the power battery is increasing day by day, and the demand of the cathode material at the high end is also increasing. The negative electrode material needing to be coated (a layer of asphalt is coated outside the negative electrode powder, namely the coating material) needs to be carbonized, so that the stacking density is increased, and the graphitized charging amount is increased. The traditional negative electrode material carbonization process is shown in figure 1, a small square sagger filled with negative electrode powder is placed on a roller way of a kiln, the roller way moves at a slow speed (the moving speed is several centimeters per hour), gas is introduced into the kiln, nitrogen is used for real-time protection to prevent air from entering the negative electrode powder in the oxidation sagger, the small square sagger filled with the negative electrode powder completes high-temperature calcination in the roller way kiln, the small square sagger is output after passing through a cooling section, and then the negative electrode powder in the small square sagger is packaged. The traditional process needs a special kiln, a matched natural gas station and a matched nitrogen station, and the kiln has high manufacturing cost, high carbonization cost and limited yield. In addition, the volatile content of the general traditional negative electrode material is within 1%, the volatile content of the coated negative electrode material is much higher than that of the traditional negative electrode material, and can reach 8% or more, if the coated negative electrode material is carbonized by using the traditional process (such as a traditional roller kiln carbonization mode), the material leakage (so-called material leakage means that negative electrode fine powder slides away along with smoke) is usually caused due to the high volatile content of the coating material, and further loss is caused, the yield is influenced, and the cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems that the traditional carbonization process of the coated negative electrode material in the background art needs a special kiln, consumes a large amount of natural gas, needs nitrogen for real-time protection and is easy to cause material leakage, the invention provides a novel carbonization process of the graphite negative electrode material.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problem of the invention is as follows:

the invention relates to a novel process for carbonizing a graphite cathode material, wherein the graphite cathode material is a coating material, namely a layer of asphalt is coated on the outer side of the cathode material. In the technical scheme, the coating material is placed in a circular crucible; the novel process for carbonizing the graphite cathode material is carried out by adopting an Acheson graphitizing furnace; the Acheson graphitization furnace is in a cuboid shape, the left end and the right end of the Acheson graphitization furnace are respectively provided with electrodes and are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the rectifier transformer, the Acheson graphitization furnace comprises a furnace bottom and a furnace wall around the furnace bottom, and the furnace bottom and the furnace wall are both built by refractory bricks; the upper part of the furnace bottom, the inner side of the furnace wall and the furnace top are all provided with heat insulation materials which form a cuboid space; the round crucible containing the coating material is placed in a cuboid space formed by the heat insulation material in a plurality of layers; resistance materials are filled between each layer of circular crucible and the heat preservation material, between each layer of circular crucible and between each layer of circular crucible interval gap; a plurality of smoke outlets are uniformly formed in the heat insulation material on the furnace top, and petroleum coke is filled in each smoke outlet.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved, the thickness of the heat preservation material arranged at the upper part of the furnace bottom and the inner side of the furnace wall is 190-210 mm, and the thickness of the heat preservation material covered on the furnace top is more than or equal to 500 mm; the thickness of the resistance material arranged between each layer of the circular crucible and the heat preservation material and between each layer of the circular crucible is 90-110 mm.

According to the further improvement of the technical scheme, the furnace top is provided with a circular smoke outlet provided with the heat insulation material, the smoke outlet has the diameter of 500mm, and is uniformly arranged along the length direction of the Acheson graphitizing furnace at intervals of 2 m.

According to the technical scheme, the particle size of petroleum coke filled in the smoke outlet is 5-30 mm.

According to the technical scheme, the improved round crucible pot structure is further improved, the round crucibles in each layer are arranged in a plurality of rows, the round crucibles in each row are arranged close to each other or are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the intervals formed among the round crucibles are filled with resistance materials.

According to the further improvement of the technical scheme, each row of circular crucibles in each layer forms an angle of 60 degrees with the length direction of the Acheson graphitizing furnace.

According to the further improvement of the technical scheme, after the Acheson graphitization furnace is electrified, the Acheson graphitization furnace is controlled to uniformly and slowly heat up, and the final carbonization temperature is controlled to be 900-1100 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the traditional cathode material carbonization process needs a special kiln, consumes a large amount of natural gas, needs nitrogen for real-time protection in the carbonization process, and has very high energy consumption, while the traditional Acheson graphitization furnace only consumes electric energy in the whole carbonization process; (2) the furnace used in the traditional cathode material carbonization process uses a small square sagger for charging, the yield is low, and the cost is high; (3) the traditional negative electrode material carbonization process is easy to cause the phenomenon of material leakage of the coated negative electrode material, and the technical scheme of the invention can reduce the material leakage and the loss.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional roller kiln process for carbonizing a negative electrode material;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an Acheson graphitizing furnace according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the charging of the Acheson graphitizing furnace in a left side view in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a charging furnace of the Acheson graphitizing furnace of the present invention

FIG. 5 is a first arrangement of the circular crucible in the Acheson graphitization furnace of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a second arrangement of the circular crucible in the Acheson graphitization furnace of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a first arrangement of the inclined arrangement of the circular crucible in the Acheson graphitization furnace in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a second arrangement of the inclined arrangement of the circular crucible in the Acheson graphitization furnace in the present invention

In the figure: 1. the furnace comprises an Acheson graphitization furnace, 11 furnace bottoms, 12 furnace walls, 13 heat preservation materials, 14 resistance materials, 15 circular crucibles, 16 smoke outlets and 17 petroleum coke.

Detailed Description