阅读说明：本技术 一种液压式势能回收与利用系统 (Hydraulic potential energy recycling and utilizing system ) 是由 刘晋霞 焦志愿 咸方新 王宇 李庆烨 王莉 薛风先 于 2018-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种液压式势能回收与利用系统,包括驱动油缸、流量再生单元与平衡单元,其中,驱动油缸用于驱动升降装置；流量再生单元包括电动机、主泵、油箱、溢流阀、2个单向阀、2个节流阀、电磁换向阀；电动机与主泵同轴连接；溢流阀安装于主泵出油口,用于控制系统的工作压力；2个节流阀与2个单向阀安装于电磁换向阀与主泵之间,通过增加驱动油缸无杆腔的回油压力,实现流量再生；平衡单元包括平衡油缸、3个电磁换向阀、液压蓄能器、溢流阀,用于实现升降装置势能的回收、储存与利用。本发明中升降装置势能的回收与利用采用同一条油路,且升降装置下降时主泵无需提供油液,操作简单,运行安全可靠,能量利用率高。(The invention discloses a hydraulic potential energy recycling and utilizing system, which comprises a driving oil cylinder, a flow regeneration unit and a balance unit, wherein the driving oil cylinder is used for driving a lifting device; the flow regeneration unit comprises a motor, a main pump, an oil tank, an overflow valve, 2 one-way valves, 2 throttling valves and an electromagnetic directional valve; the motor is coaxially connected with the main pump; the overflow valve is arranged at the oil outlet of the main pump and is used for controlling the working pressure of the system; 2 throttle valves and 2 one-way valves are arranged between the electromagnetic directional valve and the main pump, and flow regeneration is realized by increasing the return oil pressure of a rodless cavity of the driving oil cylinder; the balance unit comprises a balance oil cylinder, 3 electromagnetic directional valves, a hydraulic accumulator and an overflow valve and is used for recovering, storing and utilizing potential energy of the lifting device. The potential energy of the lifting device is recycled and utilized by adopting the same oil way, and the main pump does not need to provide oil liquid when the lifting device descends, so that the lifting device is simple to operate, safe and reliable to operate and high in energy utilization rate.)

1. A hydraulic potential energy recycling and utilizing system comprises a driving oil cylinder (10), a flow regeneration unit and a balance unit; the driving oil cylinder is used for driving the lifting device; the flow regeneration unit comprises a motor (1), a main pump (2), an oil tank (3), an overflow valve 1 (4), a one-way valve 1 (5), a one-way valve 2 (6), a throttle valve 1 (7), a throttle valve 2 (8) and an electromagnetic directional valve 1 (9); the balancing unit comprises a balancing oil cylinder (11), an electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12), an electromagnetic directional valve 3 (13), an electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14), an overflow valve 2 (15) and a hydraulic accumulator (16).

2. The hydraulic potential energy recovery and utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that the main pump (2) is coaxially associated with the electric motor (1), and the main pump (2) is driven by the electric motor (1); the oil outlet (2 a) of the main pump is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the oil inlet (4 a) of the overflow valve 1, the second path is connected with the oil inlet (5 a) of the check valve 1, and the oil outlet (4 b) of the overflow valve 1 is connected with the oil tank (3); the oil outlet (5 b) of the one-way valve 1 is divided into three paths, the first path is connected with the oil outlet (6 b) of the one-way valve 2, the second path is connected with the oil inlet (7 a) of the throttle valve 1, and the third path is connected with the port P of the electromagnetic reversing valve 1 (9); an oil outlet (7 b) of the throttle valve 1 is connected with an oil tank (3); the port A of the electromagnetic directional valve 1 (9) is connected with a rod cavity (10 a) of the driving oil cylinder, the port B is connected with a rodless cavity (10B) of the driving oil cylinder, the port T is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with an oil inlet (6 a) of the one-way valve 2, and the second path is connected with an oil inlet (8 a) of the throttle valve 2; an oil outlet (8 b) of the throttle valve 2 is connected with the oil tank (3) to form a flow regeneration unit oil path.

3. The hydraulic potential energy recovery and utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the rodless cavity (11B) of the balance oil cylinder is connected with a port P of an electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12), a port A of the electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12) is connected with a port P of an electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14), and a port B of the electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12) is connected with an oil tank (3); the port A of the electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14) is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with an oil inlet (16 a) of the hydraulic accumulator, and the second path is connected with an oil inlet (15 a) of the overflow valve 2; an oil outlet (15 b) of the overflow valve (2) is connected with an oil tank (3); a rod cavity (11 a) of the balance oil cylinder is connected with a port P of an electromagnetic directional valve 3 (13), a port A of the electromagnetic directional valve 3 (13) is connected with a port P of an electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14), and a port B of the electromagnetic directional valve 3 (13) is connected with an oil tank (3) to form a balance unit oil path, so that potential energy of the lifting device is recovered, stored and utilized.

4. The hydraulic potential energy recovery and utilization system of claim 3, wherein the hydraulic accumulator (16) is used to store high pressure oil in the rodless chamber (11 b) of the balancing cylinder.

5. A hydraulic potential energy recovery and utilization system according to claim 3, characterized in that the relief valve 2 (15) is used to control the maximum working pressure of the hydraulic accumulator (16).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic transmission, and particularly relates to a hydraulic potential energy recycling and utilizing system.

Background

In order to reduce the labor intensity of workers, various machines such as hydraulic excavators and hydraulic forklifts have employed hydraulic cylinders to drive lifting devices to perform operations such as special lifting. The lifting devices frequently move up and down under the driving of the hydraulic cylinders, and potential energy of the lifting devices is dissipated at a throttle valve port in the descending process in the form of heat energy, so that the problems of system heating, vibration, component service life reduction and the like are easily caused. If the potential energy of the lifting device is recycled and utilized, the energy consumption of the system is effectively reduced, and the purpose of energy conservation is achieved.

At present, some solutions for potential energy recovery and utilization of lifting devices exist. The system can be divided into an electric type potential energy recovery and utilization system and a hydraulic type potential energy recovery and utilization system according to different energy storage elements. In the electric potential energy recovery and utilization system, an energy recovery unit consisting of a hydraulic motor, a generator, a storage battery or a super capacitor and other elements is added in an oil return path of a driving oil cylinder, so that the potential energy of a lifting device is stored in the storage battery or the super capacitor in an electric energy mode, as disclosed in patents 201620537294.6 and 200820166582.0; however, two different oil ways are adopted for recovering and utilizing potential energy in the system, and when the lifting device descends, the main pump still needs to provide oil, so that the energy conversion links are more. In the hydraulic potential energy recovery and utilization system, an energy recovery unit consisting of a hydraulic energy accumulator, a hydraulic motor, a reversing valve, a throttle valve and other elements is added in an oil return path of a driving oil cylinder, so that the potential energy of a lifting device is stored in the hydraulic energy accumulator in a liquid energy form, for example, patents 201310103144.5 and 201210080014. X; but it does not solve the problem that the potential energy of the lifting device is recovered and utilized by adopting two different oil ways and the main pump still needs to provide oil when the lifting device descends.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the technology, the invention provides a hydraulic potential energy recycling and utilizing system.

In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention is realized by the following modes: a hydraulic potential energy recycling and utilizing system comprises a driving oil cylinder, a flow regeneration unit and a balance unit; the driving oil cylinder is used for driving the lifting device; the flow regeneration unit comprises a motor, a main pump, an oil tank, an overflow valve 1, a one-way valve 2, a throttle valve 1, a throttle valve 2 and an electromagnetic directional valve 1; the balancing unit comprises a balancing oil cylinder, an electromagnetic directional valve 2, an electromagnetic directional valve 3, an electromagnetic directional valve 4, an overflow valve 2 and a hydraulic accumulator.

Preferably, the main pump is coaxially associated with the electric motor, and the main pump is driven by the electric motor to provide oil required by the system.

Preferably, the oil outlet of the main pump is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the oil inlet of the overflow valve 1, the second path is connected with the oil inlet of the one-way valve 1, and the oil outlet of the overflow valve 1 is connected with the oil tank; the oil outlet of the one-way valve 1 is divided into three paths, the first path is connected with the oil outlet of the one-way valve 2, the second path is connected with the oil inlet of the throttle valve 1, and the third path is connected with the port P of the electromagnetic reversing valve 1; an oil outlet of the throttle valve 1 is connected with an oil tank; the port A of the electromagnetic directional valve 1 is connected with a rod cavity of the driving oil cylinder, the port B is connected with a rodless cavity of the driving oil cylinder, the port T is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with an oil inlet of the one-way valve 2, and the second path is connected with an oil inlet of the throttle valve 2; the oil outlet of the throttle valve 2 is connected with an oil tank to form a flow regeneration unit oil path.

Preferably, the relief valve 1 is used to control the pressure of the main pump.

Preferably, the rodless cavity of the balance oil cylinder is connected with a port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 2, a port A of the electromagnetic directional valve 2 is connected with a port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 4, and a port B of the electromagnetic directional valve 2 is connected with an oil tank; the port A of the electromagnetic directional valve 4 is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with an oil inlet of the hydraulic accumulator, and the second path is connected with an oil inlet of the overflow valve 2; the oil outlet of the overflow valve 2 is connected with an oil tank; a rod cavity of the balance oil cylinder is connected with a port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 3, a port A of the electromagnetic directional valve 3 is connected with a port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 4, and a port B of the electromagnetic directional valve 3 is connected with an oil tank to form a balance unit oil way, so that potential energy of the lifting device is recovered, stored and utilized.

Preferably, the overflow valve 2 is used to control the maximum operating pressure of the hydraulic accumulator.

Through the mode, when the lifting device descends, the throttle valve 1 is opened to the opening corresponding to the descending speed of the lifting device, the valve port of the throttle valve 2 is closed, the electromagnetic directional valve 1 and the electromagnetic directional valve 2 work in the right position, namely, the port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 1 is connected with the port A, the port T is connected with the port B, and the port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 2 is connected with the port A. The electromagnetic directional valve 3 and the electromagnetic directional valve 4 work on the left, namely the P port of the electromagnetic directional valve 3 is connected with the B port, and the P port of the electromagnetic directional valve 4 is connected with the A port. The oil liquid in the rodless cavity of the balance oil cylinder is introduced into a hydraulic accumulator through an electromagnetic reversing valve 2 and an electromagnetic reversing valve 4, so that potential energy is recovered and stored; meanwhile, oil in a rodless cavity of the driving oil cylinder is introduced into the oil tank through the electromagnetic directional valve 1, the one-way valve 2 and the throttle valve 1, so that the oil return pressure is increased, part of the oil preferentially flows into a rod cavity of the driving oil cylinder, and the flow regeneration is realized; at the moment, the main pump does not provide oil, and all the oil in the rod cavity of the driving oil cylinder comes from the rodless cavity of the driving oil cylinder. When the pressure of the hydraulic accumulator is higher than the maximum working pressure, in order to ensure the service life of the hydraulic accumulator, the electromagnetic directional valve 2 works at the left position, the electromagnetic directional valve 4 works at the right position, and the hydraulic accumulator stops storing energy.

When the lifting device ascends, the throttle valve 2 is opened to an opening corresponding to the ascending speed of the lifting device, the valve port of the throttle valve 1 is closed, and the electromagnetic directional valve 2 works at the right position, namely the port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 2 is connected with the port A. The electromagnetic directional valve 1, the electromagnetic directional valve 3 and the electromagnetic directional valve 4 work in the left position, namely, a port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 1 is connected with a port B, a port T is connected with a port A, a port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 3 is connected with a port B, and a port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 4 is connected with a port A. Oil stored in the hydraulic accumulator is introduced into a rodless cavity of the balance oil cylinder through the electromagnetic reversing valve 4 and the electromagnetic reversing valve 2, and oil in a rod cavity of the balance oil cylinder is introduced into an oil tank through the electromagnetic reversing valve 3; meanwhile, oil output by the main pump is introduced into a rodless cavity of the driving oil cylinder through the check valve 1 and the electromagnetic reversing valve 1, and the lifting device rises under the combined action of the main pump and the hydraulic accumulator, so that the potential energy of the lifting device is utilized. When the pressure of the hydraulic accumulator is lower than the minimum working pressure, in order to ensure the service life of the hydraulic accumulator, the electromagnetic directional valve 2 works at the left position, the electromagnetic directional valve 4 works at the right position, and the hydraulic accumulator stops discharging. Because the hydraulic energy provided by the hydraulic accumulator can balance part of the gravity of the lifting device, the hydraulic energy provided by the hydraulic accumulator can also be equivalent to the hydraulic energy provided by the main pump to balance the other part of the gravity of the lifting device, the output power of the main pump is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a descending process of the lifting device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the ascending process of the lifting device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. an electric motor; 2. a main pump; 2a, a main pump oil outlet; 3. an oil tank; 4. an overflow valve 1; 4a, an oil inlet of the overflow valve 1; 4b, an oil outlet of the overflow valve 1; 5. a check valve 1; 5a, an oil inlet of the one-way valve 1; 5b, an oil outlet of the one-way valve 1; 6. a check valve 2; 6a, an oil inlet of the one-way valve 2; 6b, an oil outlet of the one-way valve 2; 7. a throttle valve 1; 7a, an oil inlet of the throttle valve 1; 7b, an oil outlet of the throttle valve 1; 8. a throttle valve 2; 8a, an oil inlet of the throttle valve 2; 8b, an oil outlet of the throttle valve 2; 9. an electromagnetic directional valve 1; 10. a driving oil cylinder; 10a, driving an oil cylinder rod cavity; 10b, driving the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder; 11. a balancing oil cylinder; 11a, a rod cavity of the balance oil cylinder; 11b, balancing the rodless cavity of the oil cylinder; 12. an electromagnetic directional valve 2; 13. an electromagnetic directional valve 3; 14. an electromagnetic directional valve 4; 15. an overflow valve 2; 15a, an oil inlet of an overflow valve 2; 15b, an oil outlet of the overflow valve 2; 16. a hydraulic accumulator; 16a and a hydraulic accumulator oil inlet.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

As shown in fig. 1, a hydraulic potential energy recycling and utilizing system includes a driving cylinder (10), a flow regeneration unit and a balance unit; the driving oil cylinder is used for driving the lifting device; the flow regeneration unit comprises a motor (1), a main pump (2), an oil tank (3), an overflow valve 1 (4), a one-way valve 1 (5), a one-way valve 2 (6), a throttle valve 1 (7), a throttle valve 2 (8) and an electromagnetic directional valve 1 (9); the balancing unit comprises a balancing oil cylinder (11), an electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12), an electromagnetic directional valve 3 (13), an electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14), an overflow valve 2 (15) and a hydraulic accumulator (16).

As shown in figure 1, the main pump (2) is coaxially connected with the electric motor (1), and the main pump (2) is driven by the electric motor (1) to provide oil required by the system.

As shown in fig. 1, the oil outlet (2 a) of the main pump is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with the oil inlet (4 a) of the overflow valve 1, the second path is connected with the oil inlet (5 a) of the check valve 1, and the oil outlet (4 b) of the overflow valve 1 is connected with the oil tank (3); the oil outlet (5 b) of the one-way valve 1 is divided into three paths, the first path is connected with the oil outlet (6 b) of the one-way valve 2, the second path is connected with the oil inlet (7 a) of the throttle valve 1, and the third path is connected with the port P of the electromagnetic reversing valve 1 (9); an oil outlet (7 b) of the throttle valve 1 is connected with an oil tank (3); the port A of the electromagnetic directional valve 1 (9) is connected with a rod cavity (10 a) of the driving oil cylinder, the port B is connected with a rodless cavity (10B) of the driving oil cylinder, the port T is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with an oil inlet (6 a) of the one-way valve 2, and the second path is connected with an oil inlet (8 a) of the throttle valve 2; an oil outlet (8 b) of the throttle valve 2 is connected with the oil tank (3) to form a flow regeneration unit oil path.

As shown in fig. 1, the relief valve 1 (4) is used for controlling the pressure of the system.

As shown in fig. 1, the rodless cavity (11B) of the balance oil cylinder is connected with a port P of an electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12), a port a of the electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12) is connected with a port P of an electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14), and a port B of the electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12) is connected with an oil tank (3); the port A of the electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14) is divided into two paths, the first path is connected with an oil inlet (16 a) of the hydraulic accumulator, and the second path is connected with an oil inlet (15 a) of the overflow valve 2; an oil outlet (15 b) of the overflow valve (2) is connected with an oil tank (3); a rod cavity (11 a) of the balance oil cylinder is connected with a port P of an electromagnetic directional valve 3 (13), a port A of the electromagnetic directional valve 3 (13) is connected with a port P of an electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14), and a port B of the electromagnetic directional valve 3 (13) is connected with an oil tank (3) to form a balance unit oil path, so that potential energy of the lifting device is recovered, stored and utilized.

As shown in fig. 1, the overflow valve 2 (15) is used to control the maximum working pressure of the hydraulic accumulator (16).

As shown in fig. 2, when the lifting device descends, the throttle valve 1 (7) is opened to an opening corresponding to the descending speed of the lifting device, the valve port of the throttle valve 2 (8) is closed, the electromagnetic directional valve 1 (9) and the electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12) work in the right position, namely, the port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 1 (9) is connected with the port a, the port T is connected with the port B, and the port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12) is connected with the port a. The electromagnetic directional valve 3 (13) and the electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14) work in the left position, namely the P port of the electromagnetic directional valve 3 (13) is connected with the B port, and the P port of the electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14) is connected with the A port. Oil liquid in a rodless cavity (11 b) of the balance oil cylinder is introduced into a hydraulic energy accumulator (16) through an electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12) and an electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14) to realize the recovery and storage of potential energy; meanwhile, as the oil in the rodless cavity (10 b) of the driving oil cylinder is introduced into the oil tank (3) through the electromagnetic directional valve 1 (9), the one-way valve 2 (6) and the throttle valve 1 (7), the oil return pressure is increased, so that part of the oil preferentially flows into the rod cavity (10 a) of the driving oil cylinder, and the flow regeneration is realized; at the moment, the main pump does not provide oil, and all oil in the rod cavity (10 a) of the driving oil cylinder comes from the rodless cavity (10 b) of the driving oil cylinder. When the pressure of the hydraulic accumulator (16) is higher than the maximum working pressure, in order to ensure the service life of the hydraulic accumulator (16), the electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12) works in the left position, the electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14) works in the right position, and the hydraulic accumulator (16) stops storing energy.

As shown in fig. 3, when the lifting device ascends, the throttle valve 2 (8) is opened to an opening degree corresponding to the lifting speed of the lifting device, the valve port of the throttle valve 1 (7) is closed, and the electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12) works in the right position, namely, the port P of the electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12) is connected with the port a. The electromagnetic directional valves 1 (9), 3 (13) and 4 (14) work in left position, that is, the P port of the electromagnetic directional valve 1 (9) is connected with the B port, the T port is connected with the A port, the P port of the electromagnetic directional valve 3 (13) is connected with the B port, and the P port of the electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14) is connected with the A port. Oil liquid stored in the hydraulic accumulator (16) is introduced into a rodless cavity (11 b) of the balance oil cylinder through the electromagnetic reversing valve 4 (14) and the electromagnetic reversing valve 2 (12), and the oil liquid in a rod cavity (11 a) of the balance oil cylinder is introduced into an oil tank (3) through the electromagnetic reversing valve 3 (13); meanwhile, oil liquid output by the main pump (2) is introduced into a rodless cavity (10 b) of the driving oil cylinder through the one-way valve 1 (5) and the electromagnetic directional valve 1 (9), and the lifting device rises under the combined action of the main pump (2) and the hydraulic accumulator (16), so that the potential energy of the lifting device is utilized. When the pressure of the hydraulic accumulator (16) is lower than the minimum working pressure, in order to ensure the service life of the hydraulic accumulator (16), the electromagnetic directional valve 2 (12) works in the left position, the electromagnetic directional valve 4 (14) works in the right position, and the hydraulic accumulator (16) stops discharging. Because the hydraulic energy provided by the hydraulic accumulator (16) can balance part of the gravity of the lifting device, the hydraulic energy provided by the hydraulic accumulator can also be equivalent to the hydraulic energy provided by the main pump (2) to balance the other part of the gravity of the lifting device, the output power of the main pump (2) is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the lifting device can effectively solve the problem that potential energy is recovered and utilized by adopting two different oil ways and the main pump still needs to provide oil when the lifting device descends, has less energy conversion links and high energy utilization rate, and can be widely applied to various lifting devices driven by hydraulic cylinders.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly and indirectly applied to other related arts, are included in the scope of the present invention.