Clutch, in particular for a motorcycle, and associated mounting method
阅读说明:本技术 离合器、特别是用于摩托车的离合器,以及相关的安装方法 (Clutch, in particular for a motorcycle, and associated mounting method ) 是由 阿飞欧·尔希利欧·摩荣 玛西米利安诺·福玛迦利 于 2018-03-15 设计创作,主要内容包括:本发明涉及一种离合器(100),包括:固定毂(101,1101),所述固定毂(101,1101)包括中心耦合孔(301),所述中心耦合孔(301)构造成耦合于旋转轴(1200);可移动毂(102,1102),所述可移动毂(102,1102)构造成沿轴向方向安装到所述所述固定毂(101,1101)上;多个盘(103),所述多个盘(103)被构造成插入在所述固定毂(101,1101)和所述可移动毂(102,1102)之间。所述固定毂(101,1101)和所述可移动毂(102,1102)成形为彼此共同旋转并且彼此轴向滑动,更加远离或者更加靠近,使得固定毂(101,1101)和所述可移动毂(102,1102)在所述多个盘(103)上施加可变的轴向载荷,从而传递扭矩。所述可移动毂(102,1102)包括中心接入孔(302),所述中心接入孔(302)被构造成允许内部地穿过插入的所述多个盘(103)而接入至所述中心耦合孔(301),以便操作锁定装置(1201),用于耦合于所述旋转轴(1200)。本发明还涉及一种安装离合器的方法。(The invention relates to a clutch (100) comprising: a stationary hub (101, 1101), the stationary hub (101, 1101) comprising a central coupling hole (301), the central coupling hole (301) being configured to be coupled to a rotating shaft (1200); a movable hub (102, 1102), the movable hub (102, 1102) being configured to be mounted to the stationary hub (101, 1101) in an axial direction; a plurality of discs (103), the plurality of discs (103) configured to be interposed between the stationary hub (101, 1101) and the movable hub (102, 1102). The fixed hub (101, 1101) and the movable hub (102, 1102) are shaped to rotate together and slide axially towards each other, further away or further towards each other, so that the fixed hub (101, 1101) and the movable hub (102, 1102) exert a variable axial load on the plurality of discs (103), thereby transmitting a torque. Said movable hub (102, 1102) comprises a central access hole (302), said central access hole (302) being configured to allow access to said central coupling hole (301) internally through said plurality of discs (103) inserted, in order to operate a locking device (1201) for coupling to said rotation shaft (1200). The invention also relates to a method for mounting a clutch.)
1. A clutch (100) comprising:
a stationary hub (101, 1101), the stationary hub (101, 1101) comprising a central coupling hole (301), the central coupling hole (301) being configured to be coupled to a rotating shaft (1200);
a movable hub (102, 1102), the movable hub (102, 1102) being configured to be mounted to the stationary hub (101, 1101) in an axial direction;
a plurality of discs (103), the plurality of discs (103) being configured to be interposed between the fixed hub (101, 1101) and the movable hub (102, 1102);
wherein the fixed hub (101, 1101) and the movable hub (102, 1102) are shaped to rotate together with each other and to slide axially towards each other, to be further away or closer together, so that the fixed hub (101, 1101) and the movable hub (102, 1102) exert a variable axial load on the plurality of discs (103) so as to transmit a torque,
and wherein said movable hub (102, 1102) comprises a central access hole (302), said central access hole (302) being configured to allow access to said central coupling hole (301) internally through said plurality of discs (103) inserted, in order to operate a locking device (1201) for coupling to said rotation shaft (1200).
2. The clutch according to claim 1, wherein the clutch is a clutch,
wherein the stationary hub (101, 1101) comprises a first sliding element (303, 1303), the first sliding element (303, 1303) comprising a first sliding surface (403, 403 b; 1403, 1403b, 1403c), respectively, inclined according to a spiral,
and wherein the movable hub (102, 1202) comprises a second sliding element (304; 1304, 1304b, 1034c), the second sliding element (304; 1304, 1304b, 1034c) comprising a second sliding surface (404, 404 b; 1404, 1404b, 1404c) respectively inclined according to the helix and configured for fitting to the first sliding surface (403, 403 b; 1403, 1403b, 1403c),
the first sliding surface (403, 403 b; 1403, 1403b, 1403c) and the second sliding surface (404, 404 b; 1404, 1404b, 1404c) are adapted such that when subjected to a torque, the movable hub (102, 1102) is moved further or closer relative to the fixed hub (101, 1101) in order to change the axial load onto the plurality of discs (103).
3. The clutch according to claim 2, wherein the clutch is a clutch,
wherein the movable hub (102, 1102) further comprises a cylindrical tensile element (701), the cylindrical tensile element (701) comprising an outer tensile surface (702),
the plurality of discs (103) being assembled onto the tensile element (701) of the movable hub (102, 1102),
the stretching surface (702) is shaped to couple to internal teeth of a driven disc (202), preferably all of the driven discs (202), of the plurality of discs (103).
4. A clutch as set forth in claim 3,
wherein the second sliding element (304; 1304, 1304b, 1034c) of the movable hub (102, 1102) is close, preferably adjacent, to an inner surface (801) of the tensile element (701).
5. Clutch according to claim 4, wherein the second sliding surface (404, 404 b; 1404, 1404b, 1404c) is contiguous to the inner surface (801) of the tensile element (701).
6. A clutch according to any one of claims 2 to 5, comprising:
at least two of said first sliding elements (303, 1303) and respectively at least two of said second sliding elements (304, 1304) arranged radially along respective peripheries of said fixed hub (101, 1101) and said movable hub (102, 1102).
7. A clutch according to any one of claims 2 to 6,
wherein each of the first sliding elements (303) comprises at least one first sliding surface (403, 403b) occupying the entire side of each of the first sliding elements (303),
and wherein each of said second sliding elements (304) comprises at least one second sliding surface (404, 404b) occupying the entire side of said each of said second sliding elements (304).
8. Clutch according to one of claims 2 to 7,
wherein each of the first slide elements (1303) comprises a respective plurality of first slide surfaces (1403, 1403b, 1403c),
and wherein each of the second sliding elements (1304, 1304b, 1034c) comprises a respective plurality of second sliding surfaces (1404, 1404b, 1404 c).
9. The clutch according to any one of claims 2 to 8, further comprising:
a plurality of closing springs (104), the plurality of closing springs (104) configured to apply an axial closing load between the stationary hub (101, 1101) and the movable hub (102, 1102),
wherein the movable hub (102, 1102) further comprises a respective plurality of housing receptacles (502) for a plurality of closing springs (104), the plurality of housing receptacles (502) comprising a respective plurality of abutting apertured end surfaces (503),
and wherein the fixation hub (101, 1101) further comprises a corresponding plurality of cylindrical fixation elements (501), the plurality of cylindrical fixation elements (501) being configured to be inserted into the housing socket (502) through the abutting perforated end surface (503) so as to pass internally through the closing spring (104),
the clutch (100) further comprises an annular retaining element (105), the annular retaining element (105) being configured to be constrained to the cylindrical fixing element (501) for retaining the closing spring (104) within the housing socket (502).
10. The clutch of claim 9 wherein the clutch is a single clutch,
wherein the annular retaining element (105) is close to a free face of a flange of the movable hub (102, 1102) and comprises a central shaping dimensioned so as not to obstruct access to the central access aperture (302) of the movable hub (102, 1102).
11. Clutch according to claim 9 or 10,
wherein the second sliding elements (304) of the movable hub (102) respectively comprise the housing sockets (502) for the closing springs (104), the housing sockets (502) preferably comprising at least one portion having an elongated shape along a direction tangential to the movable hub (102) so as to allow the passage of the cylindrical fixing element (501) when the movable hub (102) is mounted and/or operated onto the fixed hub (101).
12. The clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 11, further comprising:
a pusher (106), the pusher (106) having a diameter such that it can be inserted into the central access hole (302) of the movable hub (102) and retained therein by a retaining means (1202),
the pusher (106) is configured to command disengagement of the clutch (100) by spacing the movable hub (102, 1102) relative to the stationary hub (101, 1101).
13. A clutch according to any of claims 1-12, wherein at least the stationary hub (101, 1101), at least the movable hub (102, 1102) and at least the plurality of discs (103) are provided as a pre-mounted clutch unit.
14. A method for installing a clutch (100), comprising:
providing a stationary hub (101, 1101) comprising a central coupling aperture (301);
providing a movable hub (102, 1102) including a central access bore (302);
providing a plurality of discs (103), said plurality of discs (103) preferably being mounted on said movable hub (102, 1102);
-providing said movable hub (102, 1102) mounted to said fixed hub (101, 1101) in an axial direction, said discs (103) being interposed between said fixed hub (101, 1101) and said movable hub (102, 1102), said fixed hub (101, 1101) and said movable hub (102, 1102) being shaped to rotate together with each other and to slide axially towards each other, to be further away or closer together, so that said fixed hub (101, 1101) and said movable hub (102, 1102) exert a variable axial load on said plurality of discs (103) so as to transmit a torque;
coupling the central coupling hole (301) to a rotation shaft (1200);
-accessing said central engagement hole (301), passing through said central access hole (302) and internally through said plurality of inserted discs (103);
operating a locking means (1201) so as to restrain the central coupling hole (301) on the rotation axis (1200).
15. Method for mounting according to claim 14, wherein at least said movable hub (102, 1202), at least said plurality of discs (103) and at least said fixed hub (101, 1101) are pre-assembled to each other.
Technical Field
The invention relates to a clutch, in particular a preassembled clutch, and a method for mounting a clutch
In particular, the invention relates to a clutch comprising a fixed hub and a movable hub, between which a plurality of clutch discs are interposed, which allow the transmission of torque when they are pushed axially towards each other.
The present invention relates generally to a clutch for commanding the engagement of a rotary motion between rotating shafts, in particular in a land vehicle, more particularly in a motorcycle.
Background
A mechanical element known as a "clutch" is known for connecting two shafts to each other in a controlled manner with a rotary motion.
Known clutches, depending on their function, use a plurality of circular crown plates or discs, called "driving" or "driven" discs. The driving disk is constrained to a shaft connected to the engine, while the driven disk is constrained to a driven shaft of the user transmission.
Document EP1058018(a2) to Adler s.p.a relates to a clutch comprising a stationary hub, a movable hub, a plurality of discs and a pressure plate, which is axially movable, allowing engagement and disengagement of the clutch.
Known clutches employ complex constructions involving the presence of a plurality of differently shaped elements to be assembled with one another.
Furthermore, in general, known clutches employ mounting solutions, making their installation on the vehicle complex and laborious, since each disc must generally be installed separately.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to solve some of the prior art problems
A particular object of the present invention is to provide a clutch whose components have an optimized operation, reducing the number and complexity thereof.
Another particular object of the invention is to provide a clutch whose components can be assembled to one another in a rational manner, thus simplifying its installation.
It is a further general object of the present invention to provide a clutch with proper modulation and smooth command while effectively transmitting drive torque and providing proper reliability and resistance to the clutch during use.
These and other objects are achieved by a clutch and a method for mounting a clutch according to the appended claims, which form an integral part of the present disclosure.
The solution idea of the invention is to provide a clutch comprising: a fixed hub having a central coupling hole configured to be coupled to the rotation shaft; a movable hub configured to be axially mounted on the stationary hub; a plurality of discs configured to be interposed between the fixed hub and the movable hub. The fixed hub and the movable hub are shaped to rotate together and slide axially toward each other, further away or closer together, such that the fixed hub and the movable hub exert a variable axial load on the plurality of discs, thereby transferring torque.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the movable hub of the clutch includes a central access hole configured to allow access to the central coupling hole of the stationary hub, internally through the inserted plurality of discs, so as to operate the locking means and provide coupling of the clutch with the rotating shaft.
In particular, the clutch structure including the fixed hub and the movable hub thus configured is advantageous in terms of assembly because it has a more rational structure that does not require a pressure plate separate from the movable hub.
By using the fixed hub and the movable hub thus configured, it is possible to provide a clutch having a structure substantially consisting of two hubs, thereby preserving all the functional characteristics and reducing the complexity of the assembly.
Furthermore, advantageously, the central access hole simplifies the mounting and loading of the clutch, allowing the locking means (for example a nut) to reach and lock the central coupling hole of the fixed hub on the rotating shaft.
Generally, advantageously, the clutch according to the invention can be preassembled and also allows to reduce the number and complexity of the constituent elements, thus achieving the following advantages: i.e. to optimize operation and simplify maintenance of the vehicle in which the clutch is installed.
Preferably, by providing a plurality of discs mounted on a movable hub, a clutch with better modulation and command smoothness can be provided, transmitting drive torque on all driven discs even during engagement, to achieve the advantage of better modulation.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for installing a clutch, comprising: providing a stationary hub including a central coupling aperture; providing a movable hub including a central access aperture; providing a plurality of discs, in particular mounted on a movable hub; providing a movable hub mounted axially on a fixed hub, wherein the disc is interposed between the fixed hub and the movable hub, and wherein the fixed hub and the movable hub are shaped to rotate together and slide axially toward each other, either farther away or closer together, such that the fixed hub and the movable hub exert a variable axial load on the plurality of discs, thereby transferring torque; coupling the central coupling hole to the rotation shaft; an access central coupling hole through the central access hole and internally through the plurality of inserted disks; the locking means is operated to restrain the central coupling hole on the rotational shaft.
Generally, a method for installing a clutch according to the present invention provides for installation according to aspects and details of the clutch.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting preferred embodiments thereof and from the dependent claims, which outline preferred and particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is disclosed by reference to the following drawings, given by way of non-limiting example, in which:
fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a clutch according to the invention.
Fig. 2 shows an exploded view of the clutch of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows an exploded view of the stationary hub, the movable hub and the impeller of the clutch of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 shows a top view of the stationary hub of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 shows a side view of the stationary hub of fig. 3.
Fig. 6 shows a top cross-sectional view of the stationary hub of fig. 3.
Fig. 7 shows a bottom perspective view of the movable hub of fig. 3.
Fig. 8 shows another view of the movable hub of fig. 7.
Fig. 9 shows a side view of the movable hub of fig. 7.
Fig. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of the movable hub of fig. 7.
Fig. 11 shows a perspective cross-sectional view of the stationary hub and the movable hub of the clutch of fig. 1.
Subfigures (a) to (h) of fig. 12 illustrate a method for installing the clutch of fig. 1.
FIG. 13 shows a side cross-sectional view of the clutch of FIG. 1 once assembled.
Fig. 14 shows another embodiment of a stationary hub of a clutch according to the present invention.
Fig. 15 shows another embodiment of a movable hub of a clutch according to the present invention.
Like elements in different figures will be represented by like reference numerals.
Detailed Description
Referring to the example of fig. 1, a preferred embodiment of a
Clutch 100 is two-piece, including a fixed hub and a movable hub, with no separate pressure plate acting on the movable hub.
In this embodiment, the
Fig. 2 shows an exploded view of the
The
Then, the
The
In particular, the plurality of
The plurality of
The
Furthermore, the
By suitable sliding elements, which will be described in more detail, the
Preferably, the
Preferably, the clutch 100 also comprises an
Furthermore, preferably, the clutch 100 comprises a
The clutch 100 is preferably a multiplate clutch, wherein the
Instead, the
The
Preferably, the
Advantageously, there is also a force that brings the fixed
The direction of the helix of the sliding element is such that, by acceleration, the
Conversely, when the motor torque is sufficiently greater than the driving torque (typically during the throttle release phase or during the braking phase on a motorcycle), the direction of the helix of the sliding element is such that the
In the clutch 100, the ramp of the sliding element, such as the
Thus, in addition to the slipping clutch function with the rear torque limiter, the clutch 100 also provides a torque stimulating (entralling) effect.
The torque stimulating effect allows to reduce (typically by more than half) the axial load that the
Fig. 3 shows an exploded view of the
In this view, it can be noted that the
In this view, it may also be noted that the
The
In this way, through the
In this way, a
Preferably, the locking means comprises a nut which is introduced during installation by passing through the
According to a possible variant of the locking device (not shown), a clip or elastic ring locking system may be provided, which may already be arranged inside the preassembled clutch and simply operated for locking by the access provided by the
The
In general, the particular structure of the
Fig. 4 shows a top view of the
The
In particular, the sliding
Preferably, the
In the preferred embodiment of fig. 3, each of the three sliding
Fig. 5 shows a side view of the fixing
Fig. 6 shows a top view of the
In this cross-section, it can be noted that the sliding
Fig. 7 shows a bottom perspective view of the
The
The
In other words, the second sliding
In other words, the first sliding
Preferably, the helix in which the sliding surfaces are arranged according to it has a predetermined pitch, preferably of a value between 250mm and 3000mm, in particular for clutches in an oil bath. The value of the helical pitch may be determined based on the desired operating characteristics of the clutch and based on the type and characteristics of the vehicle in which the clutch is installed.
In general, it has been established that: preferred values of the helix angle (considered as the angle at which the sliding surface is vertical with respect to the axial direction of the movable and fixed hubs) are comprised between 1 ° and 30 °, for dry clutches between 3 ° and 6 °, and for clutches in an oil bath ("wet" type) between 10 ° and 20 °. These values are illustrative and do not limit the helix angles that can be used.
Once the
Preferably, the
Furthermore, the
The
The
In the preferred embodiment, all driven discs are coupled to an
Preferably, outer
Fig. 8 shows a bottom view of the
In the preferred embodiment of fig. 8, each sliding
Preferably, the
Preferably, the
In general, the second sliding
By the second sliding
Fig. 9 shows a side view of the movable hub, wherein the
Fig. 10 shows a bottom view of the
The
To facilitate passage of the cylindrical fixed
In this way, the
Fig. 11 shows a perspective cross-sectional view of the
In this view, the hubs are only partially detached from each other (in the exemplary, but not operational, configuration) making it easier to observe the interaction between the
In this way, the interaction of the first sliding surface with the second sliding surface involves a partial rotation, in particular a variation of the relative distance between the
Preferably, the
The annular retaining element 105 (not visible in fig. 11) is preferably constrained to the
In a variation of the clutch (not shown), the
Fig. 12 illustrates a method for installing the clutch 100.
In sub-figure 12(a), a
In fig. 12(b), a plurality of
In fig. 12(c), a
The
Thus, the embodiment of the clutch unit shown in fig. 12(c) essentially represents a clutch according to the invention when it is preassembled.
In fact, at least the
In fig. 12(d), a plurality of closing springs 104 are arranged in the respective housing sockets together with an
In fig. 12(e), a preferred embodiment of a preassembled clutch unit is shown. Since the clutch unit has a preassembled closing spring and annular retaining element, it allows easy access to the
In fact, the
In particular, the
Such a preassembled clutch unit is configured for insertion into a clutch housing (not shown), in particular a drive disk coupled between a plurality of
In sub-fig. 12(f), the
In sub-fig. 12(g), the
It is apparent that the mounting operation of the clutch according to the present invention is practical and convenient.
In sub-fig. 12(h), the
It should therefore be noted that the clutch according to the invention does not require a dedicated "push plate" element, but it actually makes it possible to save components, in comparison with a "three-piece" clutch, providing a suitable function by virtue of the characteristics of the components described herein.
Fig. 13 shows a side sectional view of the clutch 100, wherein the already described internal components can be noted.
Obviously, in the clutch 100, by simply removing the retaining
The clutch according to the invention can advantageously be preassembled, wherein a set of
The construction of the clutch according to the present invention allows for better modulation of the clutch by providing an
Furthermore, the clutch according to the invention is less affected by wear, since the torque on the discs is better transmitted, since it makes it possible to use discs with an optimal resistance portion.
Then, due to the structure of the clutch according to the invention, it is possible to select a helical pitch of the sliding surface with a greater degree of freedom in design. In particular, a higher value can be selected for the helical pitch of the sliding surface, with the advantage of less wear and a more modulatable response of the clutch command.
Advantageously, for the axial assembly of the
Fig. 14 shows another embodiment of a
The
It should be noted that the sliding
In other words, the sliding
In this way, the dimensions in the radial direction are reduced, although unchanged operation of the clutch with optimum modulation is ensured.
Fig. 15 shows another embodiment of a
The
The
The plurality of second sliding
It is clear that the sliding
It should also be noted that the sliding
The particular numbering of the elements used in fig. 14 and 15 should be considered illustrative and not restrictive, meaning that: i) not all sliding elements and sliding surfaces are shown so as not to detract from the clarity of the drawing; ii) as shown, there need not be a unique correspondence between the first and second sliding surfaces, but the skilled person will understand that the surfaces are configured to be arranged alongside one another and to slide over one another.
It is clear that the
Likewise, the sliding
Generally, the fixed hub and/or the movable hub of the clutch according to the invention can be advantageously configured to be obtained from a single piece of die-casting, avoiding undercut problems; this precaution improves the industrialization of the product.
Furthermore, in a further embodiment (not shown), sliding elements of opposite sliding surfaces may be provided, having different helix angles from each other, in order to give the clutch different operation when the fixed hub and the movable hub are close to or far from each other, since they correspond to the contact of some sliding surfaces or the contact of opposite sliding surfaces. In this way, different modulations and responses of the clutch can be given, which are optimized for the characteristics of the vehicle.
For example, with a certain helical pitch, for example 1200mm, a sliding surface may be provided for operation under "wide open throttle" conditions, while an opposite sliding surface may be provided for "motor" operation, wherein the helical pitch is smaller than the above-mentioned helical pitch, for example 900 mm.
In view of the disclosure of the above report, the skilled person will be able to conceive further variations and modifications to meet contingent and specific requirements. Thus, the embodiments described herein are provided by way of non-limiting examples of the present invention.
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