阅读说明：本技术 薄壁圆环截面合金铸件原位离心铸造设备及离心铸造方法 (In-situ centrifugal casting equipment and method for alloy casting with thin-wall circular section ) 是由 苏彦庆 罗磊 骆良顺 王斌斌 李志文 王亮 郭景杰 刘振军 李志平 吕琦 曹丙谦 于 2019-11-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：薄壁圆环截面合金铸件原位离心铸造设备及离心铸造方法,本发明涉及一种合金铸件的离心铸造设备及离心铸造方法,目的是优化传统离心铸造的繁琐工艺,消除熔体转移及浇注时的安全隐患,降低铸件冷隔、夹杂、气孔等缺陷,避免浇道中合金的浪费,提高生产效率,降低成本。本发明原位离心铸造设备中合金原材料装入被固定在底盘上的石墨加热器内,加热器外侧放置保温筒,再外侧设置感应加热线圈,铸型置于加热器和保温筒的顶部,底盘圆心处固定一根限位导柱,通过旋拧轴向限位螺母使上压板下移与底盘一起固定中间各部件。本发明原位离心铸造方法是使合金原材料在离心装置中熔化并在离心力的作用下充满铸型型腔凝固成形,实现原位熔炼和原位离心的耦合。(The invention discloses in-situ centrifugal casting equipment and a centrifugal casting method for alloy castings with thin-wall circular sections, and relates to centrifugal casting equipment and a centrifugal casting method for alloy castings, aiming at optimizing the complex process of the traditional centrifugal casting, eliminating potential safety hazards during melt transfer and pouring, reducing the defects of cold shut, impurities, air holes and the like of the castings, avoiding the waste of alloy in a pouring gate, improving the production efficiency and reducing the cost. According to the in-situ centrifugal casting device, alloy raw materials are loaded into a graphite heater fixed on a chassis, a heat preservation cylinder is arranged on the outer side of the heater, an induction heating coil is arranged on the outer side of the heater, a casting mold is arranged on the tops of the heater and the heat preservation cylinder, a limiting guide pillar is fixed at the circle center of the chassis, and an axial limiting nut is screwed to enable an upper pressing plate to move downwards to fix middle parts together with the chassis. The in-situ centrifugal casting method of the invention is to melt the alloy raw material in a centrifugal device and fill a casting mold cavity with the alloy raw material under the action of centrifugal force for solidification and forming, thereby realizing the coupling of in-situ melting and in-situ centrifugation.)

1. Thin wall ring cross-section alloy casting normal position centrifugal casting equipment, its characterized in that this thin wall ring cross-section alloy casting normal position centrifugal casting equipment includes: the device comprises an in-situ smelting system, a casting system, a limiting and fixing system and a centrifugal rotating system; the in-situ smelting system comprises a graphite heater, an induction heating coil (3) and a heat-insulating cylinder (4); the casting mould system is a casting mould (7); the limiting and fixing system comprises an upper pressure plate (8), a limiting guide post (9), an axial limiting nut (10) and a chassis (2); the centrifugal rotating system comprises a motor (21), a driving wheel (19), a driven wheel (16) and a transmission belt (17); the graphite heater is composed of a graphite bottom ring (1), a graphite outer cylinder (5) and a graphite inner cylinder (6), the graphite inner cylinder (6) is positioned in the graphite outer cylinder (5), the graphite outer cylinder (5) and the graphite inner cylinder (6) are arranged on the graphite bottom ring (1) to form a circular cylindrical cavity, an alloy raw material (15) is filled into the circular cylindrical cavity, the graphite heater is fixedly arranged on a chassis (2), a heat-insulating cylinder (4) is sleeved on the graphite outer cylinder (5) of the graphite heater, an induction heating coil (3) is arranged outside the graphite outer cylinder (5), a casting mold (7) is fixed at the tops of the graphite heater and the heat-insulating cylinder (4), and a cavity (14) of the casting mold (7) is communicated with the circular cylindrical cavity of the graphite heater;

a limiting guide post (9) is vertically fixed at the circle center of the chassis (2), the limiting guide post (9) penetrates through the center hole of the upper pressure plate (8), an axial limiting nut (10) is further arranged on the thread section at the upper part of the limiting guide post (9), the upper pressure plate (8) is pressed downwards to restrain the casting mold (7) by screwing the axial limiting nut (10), and a rubber ring (11) is padded between the casting mold (7) and the upper pressure plate (8);

the chassis (2) is supported by the middle support column (20), the driven wheel (16) is sleeved on the middle support column (20) through a bearing, the driven wheel (16) is connected with the chassis (2), the driving wheel (19) is arranged on a rotating shaft of the motor (21), and the driven wheel (16) is connected with the driving wheel (19) through the transmission belt (17).

2. The in-situ centrifugal casting equipment for the alloy casting with the thin-wall circular section as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat-insulating cylinder (4) is made of zirconia.

3. In-situ centrifugal casting equipment for alloy castings with thin-walled circular sections according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity (14) of the casting mold (7) is a cylindrical cavity or a conical cavity, the casting mold (7) is two halves connected by a fixing bolt (12), and the upper part of the casting mold (7) is provided with an air leakage hole (13).

4. In-situ centrifugal casting equipment for alloy castings with thin-walled circular sections according to claim 1, characterized in that the central hole of the upper pressure plate (8) is in clearance fit with a limiting guide post (9), and the position of the upper pressure plate (8) is adjusted by screwing an axial limiting nut (10).

5. The in-situ centrifugal casting equipment for the alloy casting with the thin-wall circular section as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that a plurality of groups of bolt holes are formed along the circumferential direction of the base plate (2), a plurality of bolt holes are distributed in each group of bolt holes along the radial direction of the base plate (2) at intervals, the radial limiting seats (18) are fixed at the bolt holes through bolts, and the heat-insulating cylinders (4) are clamped between the radial limiting seats (18).

6. The in-situ centrifugal casting equipment for the alloy casting with the thin-wall circular-ring section as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the inner ring and the outer ring of the graphite bottom ring (1) are respectively provided with a clamping groove (1-1), and the graphite outer cylinder (5) and the graphite inner cylinder (6) are arranged in the clamping grooves (1-1).

7. The in-situ centrifugal casting device for the alloy casting with the thin-wall circular section as claimed in claim 1, wherein the in-situ centrifugal casting device for the alloy casting with the thin-wall circular section is arranged in the box body (23).

8. The in-situ centrifugation method for the alloy casting with the thin-wall circular ring section is characterized by being realized according to the following steps:

firstly, a casting mold (7) is arranged at the top of a graphite heater and a heat preservation cylinder (4), and a cavity (14) of the casting mold (7) is communicated with a circular cylindrical cavity of the graphite heater;

secondly, a rubber ring (11) is padded on the top surface of the casting mold (7), an upper pressure plate (8) is placed above the rubber ring (11), a central hole of the upper pressure plate (8) penetrates through the limiting guide post (9) and is in clearance fit with the limiting guide post, and the upper pressure plate (8) is pressed on the casting mold (7) by screwing a limiting nut (10) on the limiting guide post (9);

thirdly, an induction heating coil (3) is started to heat the alloy raw material (15) in the graphite heater, after the alloy raw material (15) is completely melted, a motor (21) is started to drive a driving wheel (19) to rotate, then a driven wheel (16) and a chassis (2) are further driven to rotate together through a transmission belt (17), molten metal in the graphite heater is filled in a cylindrical cavity of the casting mold (7) under the action of centrifugal force to be solidified and formed, and in-situ centrifugal casting is completed;

and fourthly, screwing down the limiting nut (10) on the limiting guide post (9), taking down the upper pressure plate (8), then taking down the casting mold (7), opening the casting mold (7), and taking out the centrifugally cast casting.

9. The in-situ centrifugal method for the alloy casting with the thin-wall circular section according to claim 8, characterized in that in the third step, the induction heating coil (3) is controlled by a medium-frequency power supply with the maximum power of 30KW, the casting process adopts a constant current mode, and the used current range is 5-20A.

10. The in-situ centrifugal method for the alloy casting with the thin-wall circular section as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the third step, the rotating speed of the chassis (2) is adjusted and controlled by using the motor (21), namely the rotating speed of centrifugal casting is 50-1500 r/min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to centrifugal casting equipment and a centrifugal casting method for an alloy casting.

Background

At present, for the forming of thin-wall cylindrical alloy castings, a centrifugal casting technology is generally adopted because of the characteristics of high molten metal filling speed, high feeding pressure and the like.

However, the traditional centrifugal casting process is completed by using separated melting equipment and centrifugal casting equipment step by step, generally, melting is performed in the melting equipment, and then the melt is transferred to the centrifugal casting equipment for casting, so that the process not only increases the complexity of the process, but also has potential safety hazards to users in the processes of transferring the melt and casting; meanwhile, if the time for transferring the melt is long, the direct contact between the high-temperature melt and air is too long, so that a large amount of gas enters and is partially oxidized; in addition, due to the unstable pouring speed in the pouring process, cold shut and air entrainment are easy to generate; secondly, because the smelting equipment is separated, the possibility of generating inclusions in the alloy is greatly improved; moreover, the pouring process needs to be additionally provided with corresponding pouring channels, so that more materials are wasted in the pouring channels, the material utilization rate is low, further machining is needed after forming, and the cost is increased.

In summary, in order to solve the problems of potential safety hazards existing in the melt transfer and pouring processes in the traditional centrifugal casting, cold shut, inclusion, air holes, high cost and the like, a brand new centrifugal casting device and method are needed to be provided to improve the centrifugal casting process, eliminate the potential safety hazards of the melt transfer and pouring processes to human bodies, prevent the alloy defects from being generated, increase the material utilization rate, reduce the production cost and improve the production efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to eliminate the potential safety hazard to human bodies in the processes of melt transfer and pouring in the traditional centrifugal casting process, reduce the defects of cold shut, inclusion and air holes in the alloy, increase the material utilization rate, reduce the production cost and improve the production efficiency; thereby providing in-situ centrifugal casting equipment and a centrifugal casting method for the alloy casting with the thin-wall circular section.

The invention discloses an in-situ centrifugal casting device for alloy castings with thin-wall circular ring sections, which comprises: the device comprises an in-situ smelting system, a casting system, a limiting and fixing system and a centrifugal rotating system; the in-situ smelting system comprises a graphite heater, an induction heating coil and a heat-insulating cylinder; the casting system is a casting mold; the limiting and fixing system comprises an upper pressure plate, a limiting guide pillar, an axial limiting nut and a chassis; the centrifugal rotating system comprises a motor, a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a transmission belt; the graphite heater comprises a graphite bottom ring, a graphite outer cylinder and a graphite inner cylinder, wherein the graphite inner cylinder is positioned in the graphite outer cylinder, the graphite outer cylinder and the graphite inner cylinder are arranged on the graphite bottom ring to form a circular cylindrical cavity, alloy raw materials are loaded into the circular cylindrical cavity, the graphite heater is fixedly arranged on a chassis, a heat-insulating cylinder is sleeved on the graphite outer cylinder of the graphite heater, an induction heating coil is arranged outside the graphite outer cylinder, a casting mold is fixedly arranged at the tops of the graphite heater and the heat-insulating cylinder, and the cavity of the casting mold is communicated with the circular cylindrical cavity of the graphite heater;

a limiting guide pillar is vertically fixed at the circle center of the chassis, an upper pressure plate falls on a rubber ring above the casting mold, a central hole of the upper pressure plate penetrates through the limiting guide pillar and is in clearance fit with the limiting guide pillar, an axial limiting nut is further arranged on a thread section on the upper portion of the limiting guide pillar, and the upper pressure plate is pressed downwards to fasten the casting mold by screwing the axial limiting nut;

the chassis is supported through middle pillar, overlaps through the bearing housing on middle pillar to be equipped with from the driving wheel, is connected with the chassis from the driving wheel, is provided with the action wheel in the pivot of motor, passes through the drive belt from the driving wheel and links to each other with the action wheel.

The in-situ centrifugation method for the alloy casting with the thin-wall circular ring section is realized according to the following steps:

firstly, placing a casting mold at the tops of a graphite heater and a heat preservation cylinder, wherein a cavity of the casting mold is communicated with a circular cylindrical cavity of the graphite heater;

secondly, a rubber ring is padded on the top surface of the casting mold, an upper pressure plate falls on the rubber ring above the casting mold, a central hole of the upper pressure plate penetrates through the limiting guide pillar and is in clearance fit with the limiting guide pillar, and the upper pressure plate is fastened to the casting mold by screwing a limiting nut on the limiting guide pillar;

thirdly, starting an induction heating coil to heat the alloy raw material in the graphite heater, starting a motor to drive a driving wheel to rotate after the alloy raw material is completely melted, then further driving a driven wheel and a chassis to rotate together through a transmission belt, and simultaneously filling molten metal in the graphite heater into a cylindrical cavity of a casting mold under the action of centrifugal force to be solidified and formed so as to complete in-situ centrifugal casting;

and fourthly, screwing down the limiting nut on the limiting guide post, taking down the upper pressing plate, then taking down the casting mold, opening the casting mold, and taking out the centrifugally cast casting.

The in-situ centrifugal casting equipment and the casting method for the alloy casting with the thin-wall circular ring section can mainly realize the coupling effect of in-situ smelting and in-situ centrifugation, wherein the in-situ smelting effect is mainly completed through an induction heating coil, a graphite heater and a heat-insulating cylinder, alloy raw materials are positioned in a cavity formed by the graphite heater for heating and melting, and the transfer and pouring processes of the alloy do not exist; in the in-situ centrifugal action, a motor driving wheel is driven to rotate by a motor, then a chassis driving wheel is further driven by a driving belt, then the chassis is driven to rotate, molten metal is filled in a cylindrical cavity of a casting mold under the action of centrifugal force to be solidified and formed, and therefore the centrifugal casting process is completed.

The in-situ centrifugal casting equipment for the alloy casting with the thin-wall circular ring section does not need melt transfer and pouring processes, eliminates the potential safety hazard to human bodies in the processes of melt transfer and pouring in the traditional centrifugal casting process, reduces the defects of cold shut, inclusion and air holes in the alloy, and improves the production efficiency; meanwhile, a separable casting mold is adopted, so that the mold is easy to open and take a part, coating is not needed, and the mold can be repeatedly used; in addition, the invention does not need to add a pouring channel, can realize the near-net forming of the material, can save subsequent mechanical processing, and simultaneously reduces the consumption of the material and saves the cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cylindrical mold in the in-situ centrifugal casting equipment for thin-wall circular-section alloy castings according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conical cylinder type casting mold in the thin-wall circular section alloy casting in-situ centrifugal casting device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a chassis;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a clamping groove on the graphite bottom ring according to a sixth embodiment;

fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the graphite bottom ring of fig. 4.

Detailed Description