阅读说明：本技术 一种娃娃鱼饲料及其制备方法 (giant salamander feed and preparation method thereof ) 是由 阳新平 于 2019-11-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种娃娃鱼饲料,按重量份计,包括以下组分：包括蟹粉10-20份、鱼骨粉20-25份、复合氨基酸5-15份、车前草5-10份、马鞭草5-10份、余甘果果肉10-15份、紫球藻5-10份、月桂酸酯5-10份、豆粕10-20份、复合维生素5-15份。本发明还公开了该饲料的制备方法,包括以下步骤：1)余甘果处理；2)复合氨基酸制备；3)复合维生素制备；4)原料预处理；5)造粒,即得娃娃鱼饲料。本发明的娃娃鱼饲料的配方易得,无毒害作用且价格便宜,且该饲料的制备方法简繁、可操作性强,其制作成本低廉,适于广泛推广使用；可提高机体免疫力等生理功效,避免鱼受到病毒的感染,具有的水果香味能增加娃娃鱼的食欲,促进鱼的快速生长。(The invention discloses giant salamander feeds which comprise, by weight, 10-20 parts of crab meal, 20-25 parts of fishbone meal, 5-15 parts of compound amino acid, 5-10 parts of plantain herb, 5-10 parts of verbena, 10-15 parts of emblic leafflower fruit pulp, 5-10 parts of porphyridium officinale, 5-10 parts of laurate, 10-20 parts of bean pulp and 5-15 parts of compound vitamin.)

The giant salamander feed is characterized by comprising, by weight, 10-20 parts of crab meal, 20-25 parts of fishbone meal, 5-15 parts of compound amino acid, 5-10 parts of plantain herb, 5-10 parts of verbena, 10-15 parts of emblic leafflower fruit pulp, 5-10 parts of porphyridium, 5-10 parts of laurate, 10-20 parts of bean pulp and 5-15 parts of compound vitamin.

2. The giant salamander feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feed comprises 12-15 parts of crab meal, 22-25 parts of fishbone meal, 5-10 parts of compound amino acid, 8-10 parts of plantain herb, 8-10 parts of verbena, 12-15 parts of emblic leafflower fruit pulp, 8-10 parts of porphyridium, 8-10 parts of laurate, 15-20 parts of bean pulp and 5-10 parts of compound vitamin.

3. The giant salamander feed as claimed in claim 2, wherein the feed comprises 15 parts of crab meal, 25 parts of fishbone meal, 10 parts of compound amino acid, 10 parts of plantain herb, 10 parts of verbena, 15 parts of emblic leafflower fruit pulp, 10 parts of porphyridium, 10 parts of laurate, 15 parts of soybean meal and 10 parts of compound vitamin.

4. The giant salamander feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite amino acid is composed of methionine, arginine, lysine and phenylalanine at a ratio of 1: 1: 2: 1.

5. The giant salamander feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vitamin complex comprises vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E at a ratio of 1: 1: 1: 1: 1.

6, A process for preparing the feed for giant salamanders according to any of claims 1 to 5 or , comprising the steps of:

1) treating phyllanthus emblica: selecting fresh fruits, cleaning, removing water from the surface, and performing astringency removal treatment to obtain pulp of fructus Phyllanthi for use;

2) preparing compound amino acid: the components in proportion are 1: 1: 2: 1, weighing methionine, arginine, lysine and phenylalanine, crushing and uniformly mixing to obtain compound amino acid for later use;

3) preparing the compound vitamin: the components in proportion are 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 weighing vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E, crushing and mixing uniformly to obtain compound vitamin for later use;

4) pretreatment of raw materials: freeze-drying herba plantaginis, herba Verbenae, porphyridium, bean cake, and fructus Phyllanthi pulp, mixing, pulverizing, microwave treating the powder for 2-3h, and cooling to obtain a pretreated raw material;

5) and (3) granulation: mixing the compound amino acid prepared in the step 2), the compound vitamin prepared in the step 3), the pretreated raw material prepared in the step 4), crab meal, fishbone meal and laurate, uniformly stirring, placing in a granulator, granulating, sterilizing and subpackaging to obtain the giant salamander feed.

7. The method for preparing giant salamander feeds according to claim 6, wherein the deastringency treatment comprises cutting fructus Phyllanthi into halves, adding glycerol-water extractive solution with material-to-liquid ratio of 1: 30-50, extracting at 40-60 deg.C for 30-60min, wherein the volume ratio of glycerol to water in the glycerol-water extractive solution is 1: 2-5.

8. The method for preparing feeds for giant salamanders according to claim 6, wherein the freeze-drying temperature in the step 4) is-40 to 50 ℃, and the drying time is 2 to 3 hours.

9. The method for preparing feeds for giant salamanders according to claim 6, wherein the stirring speed in step 5) is 600-700rpm, the stirring temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the stirring time is 15-20 min.

10. The process for preparing giant salamander feeds according to claim 6, wherein the sterilization method in step 5) is ultraviolet sterilization.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation, in particular to giant salamander feeds and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The rapid development of aquaculture industry promotes the development of Chinese aquaculture feed industry, the Chinese aquaculture yield reaches 4305 ten thousand tons in 2012, the aquatic feed yield reaches 1885 ten thousand tons, giant salamander is animals with high edible value, the meat quality is tender, the taste is delicious, the high-quality protein, abundant amino acid and microelement, the nutritive value is extremely high, known as 'ginseng in water', 'giant salamander muscle protein is high-quality protein, the essential amino acid content is high, the composition proportion is good, completely accord with the human body demand mode, the nutritive value is far superior to that of abalone, bird's nest, shark fin and turtle, the giant salamander muscle protein is rich in 18 amino acids, wherein 8 human body essential amino acids account for 40.72% of the total amount of amino acids, the ratio of essential amino acid to non-essential amino acid is 68.68%, and the giant salamander can be reasonably matched with staple food to eat, so as to play a role of protein complementation.

The giant salamander has high edible and medicinal values, so the giant salamander is caught and killed by a large number of lawless migrants, along with the severe development of the environment, the habitat of the giant salamander is greatly damaged, the self reproductive capacity is continuously reduced, and the giant salamander is in an endangered state.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing giant salamander feeds which are balanced in nutrition and can improve the disease resistance of the giant salamander and a preparation method thereof, and overcoming the defects of the prior art.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is that giant salamander feeds comprise, by weight, 10-20 parts of crab meal, 20-25 parts of fishbone meal, 5-15 parts of compound amino acid, 5-10 parts of plantain herb, 5-10 parts of verbena, 10-15 parts of emblic leafflower fruit pulp, 5-10 parts of porphyridium, 5-10 parts of laurate, 10-20 parts of bean pulp and 5-15 parts of compound vitamin.

Preferably, the crab meal is 12-15 parts, the fishbone meal is 22-25 parts, the compound amino acid is 5-10 parts, the plantain is 8-10 parts, the verbena is 8-10 parts, the emblic leafflower fruit pulp is 12-15 parts, the porphyridium is 8-10 parts, the laurate is 8-10 parts, the bean pulp is 15-20 parts, and the compound vitamin is 5-10 parts.

Preferably, the crab meal is 15 parts, the fishbone meal is 25 parts, the compound amino acid is 10 parts, the plantain is 10 parts, the verbena is 10 parts, the emblic leafflower fruit pulp is 15 parts, the porphyridium is 10 parts, the laurate is 10 parts, the bean pulp is 15 parts, and the compound vitamin is 10 parts.

, the compound amino acid consists of methionine, arginine, lysine and phenylalanine in the ratio of 1: 1: 2: 1.

, the compound vitamin comprises vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E, and the ratio of the components is 1: 1: 1: 1: 1.

The invention also provides a preparation method of giant salamander feeds, which comprises the following steps:

1) treating phyllanthus emblica: selecting fresh fruits, cleaning, removing water from the surface, and performing astringency removal treatment to obtain pulp of fructus Phyllanthi for use;

2) preparing compound amino acid: the components in proportion are 1: 1: 2: 1, weighing methionine, arginine, lysine and phenylalanine, crushing and uniformly mixing to obtain compound amino acid for later use;

3) preparing the compound vitamin: the components in proportion are 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 weighing vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D and vitamin E, crushing and mixing uniformly to obtain compound vitamin for later use;

4) pretreatment of raw materials: freeze-drying herba plantaginis, herba Verbenae, porphyridium, bean cake, and fructus Phyllanthi pulp, mixing, pulverizing, microwave treating the powder for 2-3h, and cooling to obtain a pretreated raw material;

5) and (3) granulation: mixing the compound amino acid prepared in the step 2), the compound vitamin prepared in the step 3), the pretreated raw material prepared in the step 4), crab meal, fishbone meal and laurate, uniformly stirring, placing in a granulator, granulating, sterilizing and subpackaging to obtain the giant salamander feed.

, cutting fructus Phyllanthi into halves, adding glycerol-water extractive solution with material-liquid ratio of 1: 30-50, extracting at 40-60 deg.C for 30-60min, wherein the volume ratio of glycerol to water in the glycerol-water extractive solution is 1: 2-5.

And , wherein the temperature of the freeze drying in the step 4) is-40 to 50 ℃, and the drying time is 2 to 3 hours.

And , wherein the stirring speed in the step 5) is 600-700rpm, the stirring temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the stirring time is 15-20 min.

And , the sterilization method in the step 5) is ultraviolet sterilization.

The giant salamander feed and the preparation method thereof have the beneficial effects that:

(1) the giant salamander feed disclosed by the invention adopts crab meal, fishbone meal, compound amino acid, plantain, verbena, emblic leafflower fruit pulp, porphyridium, laurate, bean pulp and compound vitamin as raw materials, the formula is easy to obtain, the feed has no toxic or side effect and is low in price, and the preparation method of the feed is simple and complex, strong in operability and low in manufacturing cost, and is suitable for pan-pushing ;

(2) the feed of the invention is added with a plurality of vitamins and essential amino acids, which meets the supply requirements of essential vitamins and essential amino acid nutrient components in the growth process of the giant salamander;

(3) the plantain herb and the verbena are added into the feed, so that the risk of enteritis of the giant salamanders can be avoided; the risk of red skin disease of the giant salamander can be reduced by adding the porphyridium, the disease resistance of the giant salamander is improved, and the feeding cost is reduced;

(4) the laurate added in the feed can be used as an emulsifier to promote the fat digestion and absorption of the giant salamander, so that the meat quality of the giant salamander is delicious and has low content of saturated fatty acid, and the fat digestion rate and the weight of the giant salamander are improved;

(5) the phyllanthus emblica added in the feed has antibacterial and antiviral effects, can improve physiological effects such as immunity of organisms and the like, and prevents fish from being infected by viruses; the fructus Phyllanthi is processed without astringent taste, and has fruit fragrance for stimulating appetite of giant salamander and promoting rapid growth of giant salamander.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.