阅读说明：本技术 一种可实现小半径转向的汽车及其转向方法 (automobile capable of realizing small-radius steering and steering method thereof ) 是由 许金星 于 2019-11-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种可实现小半径转向的汽车及其转向方法,它涉及汽车领域,具体涉及一种可实现小半径转向的汽车及其转向方法。它包含：转向系统、驱动系统、制动系统,转向系统包含左前轮、右前轮、方向盘、转向轴、转向器,方向盘与转向器通过转向轴连接,驱动系统包含发动机、变速器、左驱动半轴、右驱动半轴,变速器与发动机的输出端相连,制动系统包含左后轮、右后轮、后桥、油壶、模式选择开关、油泵、ECU(电子控制单元)、液压控制单元、左后轮制动器、右后轮制动器。本发明有益效果为：该汽车在传统单转向桥的四轮汽车的基础上,在转向过程中通过加上内侧非转向轮的制动操作来实现汽车更小的转向半径,使驾驶员可以在狭小作业空间通过更少的倒车和前进次数来改变汽车方位。(automobiles capable of realizing small radius steering and a steering method thereof, relating to the field of automobiles, in particular to automobiles capable of realizing small radius steering and a steering method thereof, wherein the steering system comprises a left front wheel, a right front wheel, a steering shaft and a steering gear, the steering wheel is connected with the steering gear through the steering shaft, the driving system comprises an engine, a transmission, a left driving half shaft and a right driving half shaft, the transmission is connected with the output end of the engine, the braking system comprises a left rear wheel, a right rear wheel, a rear axle, an oil can, a mode selection switch, an oil pump, an ECU (electronic control unit), a hydraulic control unit, a left rear wheel brake and a right rear wheel brake.)

The automobile capable of realizing small-radius steering is characterized by comprising a steering system (1), a driving system (2) and a braking system (3), wherein the steering system (1) comprises a left front wheel (11), a right front wheel (12), a steering wheel (13), a steering shaft (14) and a steering gear (15), the steering wheel (13) is connected with the steering gear (15) through the steering shaft (14), the steering gear (15) is connected with the left front wheel (11) and the right front wheel (12) through tie rods on the steering gear, the driving system (2) comprises an engine (21), a transmission (22), a left driving half shaft (23) and a right driving half shaft (24), the transmission (22) is connected with an output end of the engine (21), the left driving half shaft (23) and the right driving half shaft (24) are respectively connected with an output end of the transmission (22), the left front wheel (11) and the right front wheel (12), the braking system (3) comprises a left rear wheel (31), a right rear wheel (32), a rear axle (33), an oil pot (34), a mode selection switch (35), a brake (36), a left rear wheel control unit (31) and a right rear wheel (31) and a left rear wheel control unit (31) and a right rear wheel control unit (310).

2, method for turning car with small radius, which is characterized by the following:

step , the mode selection switch (35) is turned on;

step two: the ECU (37) receives the switch signals, the steering wheel angle signals and the vehicle speed signals transmitted by the angle sensor (16) and the vehicle speed sensor (25);

step three: the ECU electronic control unit (37) judges whether the vehicle speed is in a safe and reasonable range;

step four: when the vehicle speed exceeds a safe and reasonable range, the ECU (37) reminds a driver to reduce the vehicle speed and then carry out steering operation by alarming, otherwise, the vehicle steering enters a small-radius steering mode;

step five: the ECU controls and realizes the brake locking of the non-steering wheel at the inner side through (37) a steering wheel corner signal;

step six: finally, the automobile realizes the steering forward motion by taking the non-steering wheel at the inner side as the steering circle center.

3. type car capable of realizing small radius steering according to claim 1, wherein the steering shaft (14) is provided with a rotation angle sensor (16).

4. type car capable of achieving small radius turning according to claim 1, wherein the transmission (22) is provided with a speed sensor (25).

5. type of automobiles with small radius steering according to claim 1, wherein the ECU (37) is provided with a mode selection switch (35).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of automobiles, in particular to automobiles capable of realizing small-radius steering and a steering method thereof.

Background

At present, four-wheeled automobiles in the market are mostly steered by two wheels, so the turning process of the four-wheeled automobiles is driven by steering wheels to steer, only two wheels can steer, and the other two wheels have no steering function, and finally, the automobiles do circular motion along larger virtual circular tracks, while the turning radius is usually larger than the size of the automobiles, the minimum steering radius of household automobiles is 4-8 meters, the turning radius of large automobiles can even reach 10-20 meters, when road conditions with smaller working space, such as parking lots or narrow road surfaces, the defect of poor maneuverability of the automobiles is often revealed due to overlarge steering radius, a driver needs to carry out multiple backing and advancing operations to achieve the purpose of changing the orientation of the automobiles, the process is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the execution of special automobiles, such as fire fighting vehicles, can even influence the execution of important tasks.

In addition to multi-wheel steering automobiles, the mainstream automobiles have the defect of overlarge steering radius under many road conditions, which finally brings great inconvenience to drivers and road traffic and even social safety.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provide automobiles capable of realizing small-radius steering and a steering method thereof, wherein the automobiles realize smaller steering radius by adding braking operation of inner non-steering wheels in the steering process on the basis of the traditional four-wheel automobile with a single steering axle, so that a driver can change the orientation of the automobiles in a narrow working space by fewer backing and advancing times.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the steering system 1 comprises a left front wheel 11, a right front wheel 12, a steering wheel 13, a steering shaft 14 and a steering gear 15, wherein the steering wheel 13 is connected with the steering gear 15 through the steering shaft 14, and the steering gear 15 is connected with the left front wheel 11 and the right front wheel 12 through tie rods on the steering gear; the driving system 2 comprises an engine 21, a transmission 22, a left driving half shaft 23 and a right driving half shaft 24, the transmission 22 is connected with the output end of the engine 21, and the left driving half shaft 23 and the right driving half shaft 24 are respectively connected with the output end of the transmission 22, the left front wheel 11 and the right front wheel 12; the brake system 3 includes a left rear wheel 31, a right rear wheel 32, a rear axle 33, an oil can 34, a mode selection switch 35, an oil pump 36, an ECU electronic control unit 37, a hydraulic control unit 38, a left rear wheel brake 39, and a right rear wheel brake 310, the left rear wheel 31 and the right rear wheel 32 are connected through the rear axle 33, and the left rear wheel 31 and the right rear wheel 32 are respectively provided with the left rear wheel brake 39 and the right rear wheel brake 310.

The small-radius steering method specifically comprises the following steps:

step , mode select switch 35 is turned on;

step two: the ECU 37 receives the switch signals, the steering wheel angle signals and the vehicle speed signals transmitted by the angle sensor 16 and the vehicle speed sensor 25;

step three: the ECU electronic control unit 37 judges whether the vehicle speed is within a safe and reasonable range;

step four: when the vehicle speed exceeds the safe and reasonable range, the ECU 37 reminds the driver to reduce the vehicle speed and then carry out steering operation by alarming, otherwise, the vehicle steering enters a small-radius steering mode;

step five: the ECU 37 controls and realizes the brake locking of the non-steering wheel at the inner side through a steering wheel angle signal;

step six: finally, the automobile realizes the steering forward motion by taking the non-steering wheel at the inner side as the steering circle center.

The steering shaft 14 is provided with a rotation angle sensor 16. The function of which is to collect the rotation angle signal of the steering wheel 5 in real time.

The transmission 22 is provided with a vehicle speed sensor 25. Its function is to collect in real time a vehicle speed signal provided by the transmission 22.

The ECU electronic control unit 37 is provided with a mode selection switch 35. The function of the steering control system is to realize the switching between the traditional steering mode and the small-radius steering mode of the automobile.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that: on the basis of a traditional four-wheel automobile with a single steering axle, the automobile realizes smaller steering radius by adding the brake operation of the inner non-steering wheel in the steering process, so that a driver can change the automobile direction by fewer backing and advancing times in a narrow working space.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional steering mode operation in the background of the invention;

fig. 3 is a diagram of the small radius steering mode operation of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: the steering system 1, the drive system 2, the brake system 3, the left front wheel 11, the right front wheel 12, the steering wheel 13, the steering shaft 14, the steering gear 15, the engine 21, the transmission 22, the left drive axle shaft 23, the right drive axle shaft 24, the left rear wheel 31, the right rear wheel 32, the rear axle 33, the oil can 34, the mode selection switch 35, the oil pump 36, the ECU (electronic control unit) 37, the hydraulic control unit 38, the left rear wheel brake 39, and the right rear wheel brake 310.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, the technical solution adopted by the present embodiment is: the steering system 1 comprises a left front wheel 11, a right front wheel 12, a steering wheel 13, a steering shaft 14 and a steering gear 15, wherein the steering wheel 13 is connected with the steering gear 15 through the steering shaft 14, and the steering gear 15 is connected with the left front wheel 11 and the right front wheel 12 through tie rods on the steering gear; the driving system 2 comprises an engine 21, a transmission 22, a left driving half shaft 23 and a right driving half shaft 24, the transmission 22 is connected with the output end of the engine 21, and the left driving half shaft 23 and the right driving half shaft 24 are respectively connected with the output end of the transmission 22, the left front wheel 11 and the right front wheel 12; the brake system 3 includes a left rear wheel 31, a right rear wheel 32, a rear axle 33, an oil can 34, a mode selection switch 35, an oil pump 36, an ECU electronic control unit 37, a hydraulic control unit 38, a left rear wheel brake 39, and a right rear wheel brake 310, the left rear wheel 31 and the right rear wheel 32 are connected through the rear axle 33, and the left rear wheel 31 and the right rear wheel 32 are respectively provided with the left rear wheel brake 39 and the right rear wheel brake 310.

The small-radius steering method specifically comprises the following steps:

step , mode select switch 35 is turned on;

step two: the ECU 37 receives the switch signals, the steering wheel angle signals and the vehicle speed signals transmitted by the angle sensor 16 and the vehicle speed sensor 25;

step three: the ECU electronic control unit 37 judges whether the vehicle speed is within a safe and reasonable range;

step four: when the vehicle speed exceeds the safe and reasonable range, the ECU 37 reminds the driver to reduce the vehicle speed and then carry out steering operation by alarming, otherwise, the vehicle steering enters a small-radius steering mode;

step five: the ECU 37 controls and realizes the brake locking of the non-steering wheel at the inner side through a steering wheel angle signal;

step six: finally, the automobile realizes the steering forward motion by taking the non-steering wheel at the inner side as the steering circle center.

The steering shaft 14 is provided with a rotation angle sensor 16. The function of which is to collect the rotation angle signal of the steering wheel 5 in real time.

The transmission 22 is provided with a vehicle speed sensor 25. Its function is to collect in real time a vehicle speed signal provided by the transmission 22.

The ECU electronic control unit 37 is provided with a mode selection switch 35. The function of the steering control system is to realize the switching between the traditional steering mode and the small-radius steering mode of the automobile.

The working principle of the invention (taking the left steering of the automobile as an example) is that when the mode selection switch 35 is turned off, the automobile steering adopts the traditional steering mode, the driver turns the steering wheel 13 to the left, the two front wheels turn to the left, and simultaneously the driver steps on the pedal, the two front wheels realize driving forward under the driving force of the engine 21, so as to drive the automobile to turn to the left, and simultaneously, the two rear wheels 31 and 32 realize steering forward under the driving force of the automobile body without active steering or driven rotation by the engine 24.

When the mode selection switch 35 is turned on, the ECU (electronic control unit) 37 receives a steering wheel steering angle signal and a vehicle speed signal transmitted by the steering angle sensor 16 and the vehicle speed sensor 25, and when the ECU (electronic control unit) 37 judges that the vehicle speed exceeds a safe and reasonable range, the ECU reminds the driver to reduce the vehicle speed and then perform steering operation by alarming, otherwise, the vehicle is steered to enter a small-radius steering mode: the driver turns the steering wheel 13 to the left, and the left and right front wheels 11 and 12 to the left, and the driving rotation is realized by the engine 21, the transmission 22, the left driving half shaft 23 and the right driving half shaft 24. At the same time, the ECU (electronic control unit) 37 transmits a command to the hydraulic control unit 38, the solenoid valve inside the hydraulic control unit 38 is turned on to the corresponding oil passage, and the oil is pumped out from the oil pot 34 by the oil pump 36, and reaches the brake 39 via the oil passage 313 and the oil passage 311, thereby braking the inner rear wheel 31. Under the action of the driving force of the left front wheel 1 and the right front wheel 2, the automobile realizes steering and advancing. Then the vehicle body drives the two rear wheels to realize steering and advancing, but the left rear wheel 31 is braked and cannot advance, and finally the vehicle realizes the movement of steering and advancing by taking the left front wheel 1, the right front wheel 2, the right rear wheel 4 and the vehicle body as the steering circle center by taking the left rear wheel 3 as the steering circle center, so that the small-radius steering is realized, and the steering process is shown in figure 3.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.