阅读说明：本技术 一种收缩旋转式缓冲装置及护栏 (Shrink rotation type buffer and guardrail ) 是由 王晓东 田磊 丁连树 胡家琦 彭星 张铭政 于 2019-09-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种收缩旋转式缓冲装置及护栏,收缩旋转式缓冲装置包括主轴、旋转套筒、两个滑环、两个高强度拉伸弹簧、多个连接臂、多块刚性承压板以及底座,所述主轴下端固定安装在底座上,旋转套筒通过轴承安装在主轴中部,两个滑环分别设于旋转套筒两端主轴的收腰型滑槽内,滑环与旋转套筒之间通过高强度拉伸弹簧固定连接,多个刚性承压板呈环形阵列分布在主轴四周,每个刚性承压板分别通过两个连接臂交叉式与两个滑环铰接相连,多个收缩旋转式缓冲装置通过支护系统相连组成护栏,所述支护系统包括横向支撑臂和纵向支护装置,纵向支护装置为安装单个装置的支撑柱和蹄脚。本发明结构简单,缓冲效果好,并且能同时适用于直道护栏和弯道护栏。(The invention discloses a contraction rotary type buffer device and a guardrail, the contraction rotary type buffer device comprises a main shaft, a rotary sleeve, two slip rings, two high-strength tension springs, a plurality of connecting arms, a plurality of rigid bearing plates and a base, the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly arranged on the base, the rotating sleeve is arranged in the middle of the main shaft through a bearing, the two sliding rings are respectively arranged in the waist-contracting type sliding grooves of the main shaft at the two ends of the rotating sleeve, the sliding rings are fixedly connected with the rotating sleeve through high-strength tension springs, a plurality of rigid bearing plates are distributed around the main shaft in an annular array, each rigid bearing plate is hinged and connected with the two sliding rings in a crossed manner through two connecting arms, a plurality of contracting rotary type buffering devices are connected through a supporting system to form a guardrail, the support system comprises a transverse support arm and a longitudinal support device, wherein the longitudinal support device is a support column and a hoof foot for mounting a single device. The invention has simple structure and good buffering effect, and can be simultaneously suitable for straight guardrails and curve guardrails.)

1. A contraction rotation type buffer device is characterized in that: the sliding ring type rigid bearing plate comprises a main shaft, a rotating sleeve, two sliding rings, two high-strength tension springs, a plurality of connecting arms, a plurality of rigid bearing plates and a base, wherein the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly arranged on the base, the main shaft is a stepped shaft with waist-shaped sliding grooves at two ends, the rotating sleeve is arranged in the middle of the main shaft through a bearing, the two sliding rings are respectively arranged in the waist-shaped sliding grooves of the main shaft at two ends of the rotating sleeve, so that the sliding rings can axially slide and rotate along the main shaft in the sliding grooves, the sliding rings and the rotating sleeve are fixedly connected through the high-strength tension springs, the plurality of rigid bearing plates are distributed around the main shaft in an annular array manner, a hinge is respectively arranged above and below each rigid bearing plate, one connecting arm is arranged on each hinge, the other end of each connecting arm is hinged on the sliding ring at the opposite side, the two, the whole body forms a cylindrical structure.

2. The retracting rotary damper apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: and each rigid bearing plate is provided with a flexible buffer layer on the outer layer.

3. The retracting rotary damper apparatus of claim 2, further comprising: the flexible buffer layer is made of polyurethane rubber composite materials, and the outer layer is in a raised line shape and is wavy.

4. The retracting rotary damper apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the outer portion of the slip ring is in a regular polygon shape, and each side of the regular polygon is provided with a hinge connected with the connecting arm.

5. The retracting rotary damper apparatus of claim 4, further comprising: the number of the edges outside the slip ring is 5-10.

6. The retracting rotary damper apparatus of claim 4, further comprising: the hinge positions on the rigid bearing plate are respectively arranged at about one quarter and three quarters of the height of the rigid bearing plate, two hinges on the rigid bearing plate are arranged at two sides of the vertical center line of the rigid bearing plate in parallel, and the hinge positions on the slip ring are correspondingly deviated.

7. A guardrail using the retracting rotary buffering means of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: including a plurality of shrink rotation type buffer and with the support system of a plurality of shrink rotation type buffer connection installations, the base of a plurality of shrink rotation type buffer passes through the earth anchor and installs subaerial on road both sides, support system includes horizontal support device, vertical support device and connecting piece, connecting piece fixed mounting is at the top of every shrink rotation type buffer's main shaft, horizontal support device is for passing through the connecting piece with a plurality of shrink rotation type buffer on horizontal continuous horizontal support arm, vertical support device support column and hoof foot, the hoof foot supports subaerial, the support column lower extreme is installed on the hoof foot, and the support column upper end leans forward the back and is fixed continuous with shrink rotation type buffer's connecting piece.

8. The guardrail of claim 7, wherein: the connecting piece is a cubic column or a triangular column, and the plurality of the shrinkage rotary type buffer devices are fixedly connected through the plurality of transverse supporting arms to form a linear guardrail or a curve guardrail.

9. The guardrail of claim 8, wherein: the transverse supporting arm is connected with one surface of the connecting piece through a flange, and the top of the supporting column is connected with the other surface of the connecting piece through a flange.

10. The guardrail of claim 8, wherein: the support column lower extreme is the screw rod section, be equipped with on the hoof foot with screw rod complex screw hole and the handle of being convenient for twist.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of road traffic safety, relates to a multidirectional buffering guardrail, and particularly relates to a retractable rotary buffering device and a guardrail.

Background

Nowadays, vehicles are increasing, and traffic accidents are just the most frequent accident types, and in the traffic accidents, the vehicle impacts the guard rail, and according to the statistics of relevant data, about more than 250 accidents impacting the guard rail occur on every 200 meters of roads every year, and the occurrence rate of the accidents is more than 3 times of other traffic accident types on high-speed roads.

The guardrail currently in use cannot well achieve the expected effect of safety protection. The existing guardrails can be roughly divided into three types, namely rigid concrete guardrails and semi-rigid corrugated steel structure guardrails, and flexible cable guardrails exist under few conditions. However, the above three kinds of guardrails cannot absorb the energy of vehicle impact or have small energy absorption effect, so that the guardrails can damage the vehicle body and personnel in the vehicle body when the vehicle impacts the guardrails, when the impact load is large, because the existing guardrails do not adopt support measures, particularly the semi-rigid waveform steel structure guardrails and the flexible cable guardrails, the vehicle can possibly rush out of the guardrails to cause vehicle damage and death, such as a 10.28 Chongqing bus falling accident, the vehicle breaks the guardrails and falls into the river, and no one in the vehicle survives the accident; meanwhile, the existing guardrail can be permanently deformed after being impacted, cannot be maintained and only can be replaced, and the maintenance cost is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a contraction rotary type buffer device and a guardrail, which are arranged at a section with higher danger degree, namely a section which is easy to generate an accident of colliding the guardrail and a section which can cause serious consequences once a vehicle rushes out of the guardrail, such as places at a bend, two sides of a bridge and the like, and aims to solve the problems of poor buffer effect, poor stability and the like of the buffer guardrail in the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

in the description of the invention regarding the azimuth, it should be noted that "lateral" refers to a direction along the road; "longitudinal" means perpendicular to the direction of road extension;

a contraction rotation type buffer device is characterized in that: the sliding ring type rigid bearing plate comprises a main shaft, a rotating sleeve, two sliding rings, two high-strength tension springs, a plurality of connecting arms, a plurality of rigid bearing plates and a base, wherein the lower end of the main shaft is fixedly arranged on the base, the main shaft is a stepped shaft with waist-shaped sliding grooves at two ends, the rotating sleeve is arranged in the middle of the main shaft through a bearing, the two sliding rings are respectively arranged in the waist-shaped sliding grooves of the main shaft at two ends of the rotating sleeve, so that the sliding rings can axially slide and rotate along the main shaft in the sliding grooves, the sliding rings and the rotating sleeve are fixedly connected through the high-strength tension springs, the plurality of rigid bearing plates are distributed around the main shaft in an annular array manner, a hinge is respectively arranged above and below each rigid bearing plate, one connecting arm is arranged on each hinge, the other end of each connecting arm is hinged on the sliding ring at the opposite side, the two, the whole body forms a cylindrical structure.

As an improvement, the outer layer of each rigid bearing plate is provided with a flexible buffer layer.

As an improvement, the flexible buffer layer is made of a polyurethane rubber composite material, and the outer layer is in a raised line shape and is in a wave shape.

As an improvement, the outer part of the slip ring is a regular polygon, and each side of the regular polygon is provided with a hinge connected with the connecting arm.

As an improvement, the number of the edges outside the slip ring is 5-10.

As an improvement, the hinge positions on the rigid bearing plate are respectively arranged at about one quarter and three quarters of the height of the rigid bearing plate, two hinges on the rigid bearing plate are arranged at two sides of the vertical center line of the rigid bearing plate in parallel, and the hinge positions on the slip ring are correspondingly offset.

The utility model provides an utilize above-mentioned shrink rotation type buffer's guardrail which characterized in that: including a plurality of shrink rotation type buffer and with the support system of a plurality of shrink rotation type buffer connection installations, the base of a plurality of shrink rotation type buffer passes through the earth anchor and installs subaerial on road both sides, support system includes horizontal support device, vertical support device and connecting piece, connecting piece fixed mounting is at the top of every shrink rotation type buffer's main shaft, horizontal support device is for passing through the connecting piece with a plurality of shrink rotation type buffer on horizontal continuous horizontal support arm, vertical support device support column and hoof foot, the hoof foot supports subaerial, the support column lower extreme is installed on the hoof foot, and the support column upper end leans forward the back and is fixed continuous with shrink rotation type buffer's connecting piece.

As an improvement, the connecting piece is a cubic column or a triangular column, and the plurality of the shrinkage rotary type buffer devices are fixedly connected through the plurality of transverse supporting arms to form a linear guardrail or a curve guardrail.

As an improvement, the transverse supporting arm is connected with one surface of the connecting piece through a flange, and the top of the supporting column is connected with the other surface of the connecting piece through a flange.

As an improvement, the lower end of the supporting column is a screw rod section, and the hoof foot is provided with a threaded hole matched with the screw rod and a handle convenient to screw.

As an improvement, the connecting arms are mutually staggered and hinged with the rigid bearing plate and the sliding ring respectively to form a scissor type mechanism, hinge positions on the rigid bearing plate are respectively arranged at about one quarter and three quarters of the height of the rigid bearing plate and are arranged on two sides of the vertical central line of the rigid bearing plate in parallel, and hinge positions of the sliding ring are correspondingly offset.

As an improvement, under the condition that the material usage amount is certain and the production process allows, the inertia moment of the transverse supporting arm should be increased as much as possible, and I-shaped section steel or groove section steel is preferably used.

As an improvement, the supporting column is produced by adopting a precise stamping and integral forming technology, the supporting column is bent, and the bending angle is larger than 90 degrees and is preferably about 130 degrees. The hoof feet only need to be placed on the road surface, and do not need to be fixedly connected with the ground.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention has the characteristics of multiple buffering and multidirectional supporting and has extremely high safety.

1. The multiple buffering characteristics are that the outer flexible buffer layer is a convex strip-shaped flexible buffer layer made of polyurethane composite materials, and the outer flexible buffer layer has high mechanical strength, high oxidation stability and high resilience, so that the vehicle body can be flexibly buffered without being damaged and can be in a natural environment for a long time; the inner layer main buffer body can partially convert a large radial impact force into an upward force along the main shaft and a downward force along the main shaft, and the upward force and the downward force are mutually offset. The barrel can also freely rotate around the main shaft, and when a vehicle collides the barrel, the barrel also has a certain circumferential buffering and guiding effect, so that the vehicle can be gradually guided to return to a normal running route. The guardrail provided by the invention can be used for the second time, namely, after a vehicle impacts the guardrail and leaves the guardrail, the cylinder body can be restored to the original state, the guardrail is used for the second time, and the maintenance cost is low.

2. The multi-directional support is characterized by a longitudinal support device and transverse support arms positioned on two sides of the barrel. The longitudinal supporting device can provide longitudinal supporting force, and the larger the longitudinal impact component of the vehicle is, the larger the pressure on the hoof foot is, the larger the friction force is, and the larger the longitudinal supporting force is. The lateral support arms on both sides of the barrel provide lateral support forces, and since there are multiple lateral support arms on the left and right of the barrel, each lateral support arm being supported by a respective spindle, the total lateral support force experienced is sufficiently large for a single barrel to be the sum of the support forces of the respective lateral support arms. The force applied to the main shaft by the vehicle impacting the cylinder can be always decomposed into transverse force and longitudinal force, so that the guardrail provided by the invention can not be toppled and damaged as long as the impact force after being buffered is not higher than the damage limit of the main shaft material, no matter which direction the vehicle impacts the cylinder.

In addition, the invention strives for simple structure, the reliability is guaranteed, the shear fork type buffer mechanism enables the rigid bearing plate to bear force at multiple points, and the stress distribution is uniform.

It should be noted that, although the present invention is simple to construct and install on site, the parts themselves are complex to assemble, and the production cost is high, so the present invention is not suitable for large-area use, and should be used in places with high risk, such as places at bends, two sides of bridges, etc.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a retracting rotary cushioning device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a retractable rotary damper device according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the retractable rotary damper of the present invention before impact;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the contracting rotary impact device of the present invention after impact;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the buffering guardrail installed on the straight road according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the buffering guardrail installed at a bend according to the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1-a flexible buffer layer, 2-a rigid bearing plate, 3-a hoof foot, 4-a support column and 5-a base; 6-handle, 7-screw rod, 8-main shaft, 9-extension spring, 10-slip ring, 11-hinge, 12-connecting arm, 13-rotating sleeve, 14-transverse supporting arm, 15-mounting column, 16-mounting flange, 17-waist-shaped chute, 18-column section, 19-truncated cone-shaped and 20-contracting rotary type buffer device.

Detailed Description

The following describes the straight guard rail of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a shrinkage rotary type buffering guardrail comprises a plurality of shrinkage rotary type buffering devices 20 and a supporting system connecting the plurality of shrinkage rotary type buffering devices 20, wherein each shrinkage rotary type buffering device 20 comprises a main shaft 8, an installation column 15 for installing a longitudinal supporting device is arranged at the upper end of each main shaft 8, a base 5 fixedly installed with the ground is arranged at the lower end of each main shaft 8, each base 5 is fixed on the road surface through a ground anchor, a convex stepped shaft is arranged in the middle of each main shaft 8, a rotary sleeve 13 is matched with the section and can rotate freely and cannot move up and down, and each main shaft 8 is a stepped shaft provided with a waist-shaped sliding groove 17 at two ends. The both ends of rotating sleeve 13 are fixed with high strength extension spring 9 respectively, at extension spring 9 other end fixedly connected with sliding ring 10, two sliding rings 10 are located respectively in the type spout 17 of bowing of rotating sleeve 13 both ends main shaft 8, the sliding ring 10 hole slightly is greater than the external diameter of type spout 17 department of bowing of main shaft 8, make sliding ring 10 can slide from top to bottom along main shaft 8 and rotate round the axle center of main shaft 8, the sliding ring 10 outside is made into the regular hexagon body shape, the side is equipped with 6 hinges, for the installation of linking arm 12, for the installation linking arm 12, the asymmetric setting of hinge on the upper and lower sliding ring 10, there is certain skew along same direction (clockwise or anticlockwise), the skew distance is linking arm 12 thickness. The telescopic outer barrel body is composed of a plurality of flexible buffer layers 1 and rigid bearing plates 2, the flexible buffer layers 1 are made of polyurethane rubber composite materials, the outer layers of the flexible buffer layers are in a convex strip shape and are fixedly installed on the outer sides of the rigid bearing plates 2, the rigid bearing plates 2 are made of steel plates, hinges 11 are arranged at 1/4 and 3/4 in the vertical direction of the inner sides of the rigid bearing plates 2, the same hinges are not on the same vertical line, the horizontal distance is the thickness of the supporting arms, and the hinges of the rigid bearing plates 2 and the hinges of the sliding rings 10 are connected through the supporting arms. The modules formed by the flexible buffer layer 1, the rigid bearing plate 2 and the supporting arms are all distributed uniformly in an annular array by taking the main shaft 8 as the center to form an outer cylinder structure with variable diameter.

As shown in fig. 5, the supporting system of the present invention comprises a transverse supporting arm 14 for transversely two adjacent contracting rotary buffering devices 20, a longitudinal supporting device for reinforcing and supporting a single contracting rotary buffering device 20, and a mounting column 15 mounted on the top of each main shaft 8, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, the mounting column 15 is a cubic column, and has four joint surfaces at the front, rear, left and right sides, the transverse supporting arm 14 is made of i-section steel, and is fixedly connected with the mounting columns 15 of the adjacent two contracting rotary buffering devices 20 through mounting flanges 16 at the two ends, so that the guardrail is in a straight shape as a whole; the longitudinal supporting device comprises a supporting column 4, a shoe 3 and an adjusting handle 6, the supporting column 4 is precisely stamped, the integrated forming technology is made into a 130-degree bent shape, a mounting flange 16 is welded at the top end, a connecting surface of the mounting flange 16 and a mounting column 15 is fixedly connected, a screw rod 7 is arranged at the lower end, a circular truncated cone-shaped part 19 is made at the lower end of the shoe 3, the mounting flange is placed on the road surface, the upper end of the mounting flange is a columnar section 18, a threaded hole matched with the end of the screw rod 7 is formed in the columnar section 18, the shoe 3 can be screwed around the screw rod 7 to rotate through the handle 6 fixedly connected to the columnar section 18, the mounting height of the longitudinal supporting device is adjusted, the shoe 3 can be moved up and down.

The invention also provides a guardrail for a curve, which is similar to the straight guardrail in the straight shape, and is characterized in that the mounting columns 15 are triangular columns, the mounting columns have three connecting surfaces in total, two ends of the transverse supporting arms 14 are connected to the mounting columns 15 of the two adjacent shrinkage rotary type buffer devices 20 through flanges, the curvature of the formed guardrail for the curve is adjusted by selecting different vertex angles of the triangular sections of the mounting columns 15, and other structures are the same, so that the description is omitted.

The buffering and supporting principle of the invention is as follows:

when the vehicle body impacts an outer cylinder with a variable diameter, namely impacts the flexible buffer layer 1, for radial component force of vehicle body impact force, the vehicle body is firstly subjected to the elastic buffer action of the flexible buffer layer 1, residual impact force (energy) after being buffered by the flexible buffer layer 1 acts on the rigid bearing plate 2, the impact force acting on the sliding ring 10 can be decomposed into an axial force along the vertical direction and a radial force horizontally pointing to the main shaft 8 by transmitting the impact force acting on the sliding ring 10 through the scissor-type connecting arm 12 connected with the rigid bearing plate 2, the axial component force on the two sliding rings 10 respectively stretches the two high-strength stretching springs 9 between the sliding rings 10 and the rotating sleeve 13 to act along the opposite directions, if the gravity of the cylinder body is neglected, the resultant force in the vertical direction is zero no matter how large the impact force is, and the buffer effect can be achieved under the elastic force of the extension spring 9. When the vehicle body leaves the outer cylinder body, the outer cylinder body can return to the initial position under the action of the extension spring 9, so that the accident that the rear vehicle deviates from the driving position and impacts the guardrail due to the accident of the front vehicle is prevented. The radial force horizontally directed to the main shaft 8 can be further decomposed into a longitudinal force and a transverse force acting on the main shaft 8, the longitudinal force is provided with a supporting force by a longitudinal supporting device, and as mentioned in the beneficial effects, the larger the longitudinal force is, the larger the pressure of the hoof feet 3 acting on the ground is, and further the larger the frictional resistance between the ground and the hoof feet 3 is, namely, the larger the longitudinal supporting force is; the lateral force is provided by the lateral support arms 14, and as also mentioned in the advantageous effect, the bracing force acting on the struck spindle 8 is made sufficiently large by the combined support forces of these guardrails (spindles 8) due to the presence of a plurality of guardrails on both the left and right sides of the struck guardrail. Therefore, as long as the impact force after buffering is not greater than the damage limit of the material of the main shaft 8, the main shaft 8 cannot be toppled and damaged. For the circumferential component force of the impact force of the vehicle body, namely the component force tangent to the outer surface of the cylinder body, the cylinder body can rotate freely, the contraction of the cylinder body is not the contraction of the combination of the single flexible buffer layer 1 and the rigid bearing plate 2, but six combination bodies contract simultaneously, so the vehicle can move forwards along the cylinder body under the action of the circumferential component force, and the vehicle body gradually returns to the normal running position under the action of the reaction force of the cylinder body to the vehicle body, obviously, the vehicle body can return to the normal running position only by the reaction force of a plurality of buffer guardrails. Specifically, the bumper guard provided by the invention before impact is shown in fig. 3, and the bumper guard provided by the invention after impact is shown in fig. 4.