Wire drawing die inspection device, inspection method and trimming method
阅读说明：本技术 一种拉丝模具检验装置及检验方法和修整方法 (Wire drawing die inspection device, inspection method and trimming method ) 是由 陈飞 于 2019-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种拉丝模具检验装置及检验方法和修整方法,装置部分包括用于夹持丝材端部的夹持装置和用于牵引丝材在拉丝模具内匀速运动的拉拔装置；另外本发明还公开相应的检验方法和修整方法,本发明能够简单、直观、准确地检验拉丝模具的产品质量,并有利于对不合格拉丝模具产品进行修整,大大提高了检验效率和修整效率。(The invention discloses a wire-drawing die inspection device, an inspection method and a trimming method, wherein the device part comprises a clamping device for clamping the end part of a wire and a drawing device for drawing the wire to move at a constant speed in a wire-drawing die; in addition, the invention also discloses a corresponding inspection method and a corresponding trimming method, and the invention can simply, visually and accurately inspect the product quality of the wire-drawing die, is favorable for trimming unqualified wire-drawing die products and greatly improves the inspection efficiency and the trimming efficiency.)
1. The utility model provides a wire drawing mould verifying attachment which characterized in that: the wire drawing device comprises a clamping device (2) used for clamping the end part of a wire (1) and a drawing device (4) used for drawing the wire (1) to move at a constant speed in a wire drawing die (3).
2. A drawing die inspection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the drawing device (4) comprises a traction mechanism (4.1) and a force measuring mechanism (4.2), wherein the traction mechanism (4.1) is connected with the clamping device (2) through the force measuring mechanism (4.2).
3. A drawing die inspection device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: traction mechanism (4.1) is including carry over pinch rolls (4.1.1), be carved with wire casing (4.1.2) that are used for twining acting as go-between (4.1.4) on carry over pinch rolls (4.1.1), carry over pinch rolls (4.1.1) input and servo motor (4.1.3) output are connected.
4. A drawing die inspection device as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the force measuring mechanism (4.2) is of a tension meter structure.
5. A method for inspecting a wire drawing die is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:
step 1): firstly, fixing a standard product of a wire drawing die (3), then enabling a wire (1) to pass through the wire drawing die (3) and be connected with one end of a clamping device (2), and connecting the other end of the clamping device (2) with a drawing device (4);
step 2): a traction mechanism (4.1) of the drawing device (4) drives the wire (1) to move at a constant speed in the wire drawing die (3), and a force measuring mechanism (4.2) of the drawing device (4) measures the traction force;
step 3): repeating the step 2) for a plurality of times to obtain a plurality of traction force values measured by the force measuring mechanism (4.2), wherein the minimum value is D1Maximum value of D2；
Step 4): fixing the product of the wire drawing die (3), and then enabling the wire (1) to pass through the wire drawing die (3) and be connected with a drawing device (4);
step 5): a traction mechanism (4.1) of the drawing device (4) drives the wire (1) to move at a constant speed in the wire drawing die (3), and a force measuring mechanism (4.2) of the drawing device (4) measures the traction force;
step 6): obtaining the traction force value measured by the force measuring mechanism (4.2) as n, if D1≤n≤D2If n is not within the above range, the drawing die (3) is judged to have a non-acceptable product quality.
6. A trimming method of a wire drawing die is characterized by comprising the following steps: it comprises the following steps:
step 1): firstly, fixing a standard product of a wire drawing die (3), then enabling a wire (1) to pass through the wire drawing die (3) and be connected with one end of a clamping device (2), and connecting the other end of the clamping device (2) with a drawing device (4);
step 2): a traction mechanism (4.1) of the drawing device (4) drives the wire (1) to move at a constant speed in the wire drawing die (3), and a force measuring mechanism (4.2) of the drawing device (4) measures the traction force;
step 3): repeating the step 2) for a plurality of times to obtain a plurality of traction force values measured by the force measuring mechanism (4.2), wherein the minimum value is D1Maximum value of D2；
Step 4): fixing the product of the wire drawing die (3), and then enabling the wire (1) to pass through the wire drawing die (3) and be connected with a drawing device (4);
step 5): a traction mechanism (4.1) of the drawing device (4) drives the wire (1) to move at a constant speed in the wire drawing die (3), and a force measuring mechanism (4.2) of the drawing device (4) measures the traction force;
step 6): the measured traction force value of the force measuring mechanism (4.2) is n, if n is less than D1Or n > D2If the product quality of the wire drawing die (3) is not qualified, returning the wire drawing die (3) to a production workshop, and re-grinding to change the angle theta of the working area (5) or the length L of the bearing belt (6) so that the traction force value n of the re-trimmed wire drawing die (3) falls into D1≤n≤D2Within the range of (1).
7. The method of trimming a drawing die as set forth in claim 6, wherein: in the step 6), if n is less than D1When grinding is carried out in a production workshop, the length L of the bearing belt (6) is ground to be longer, if n is more than D1When the bearing is ground in a production workshop, the length L of the bearing belt (6) is ground to be shortened.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal wire production, in particular to a wire-drawing die inspection device, an inspection method and a trimming method.
Background
Drawing is one of metal pressure processing methods, and the drawing processing is characterized in that: under the action of tension, the metal material with larger sectional area passes through the wire drawing die hole to obtain the required sectional shape and size. Compared with other pressure processing methods, the drawing method has the characteristics of high precision of finished products, simple equipment, convenient operation, strong adaptability, capability of changing varieties and specifications at any time and the like. Drawing can be divided into wire drawing, tube drawing and section drawing according to different cross-sectional shapes of finished products. For wire drawing, the metal wire is mostly circular in cross-section, but also non-circular, such as square, rectangular and hexagonal, oval, i-shaped, etc. All non-circular cross-section wire materials are commonly referred to as profile wires, while circular cross-section wire materials are commonly referred to as round wires, or wire materials.
Plasticity is the basic property of metal materials, and when the external force borne by the metal materials exceeds a certain limit, plastic deformation occurs, and the starting point and the depth of the plastic deformation depend on the external force condition and the organization structure of the metal. Generally, the deformability of a metallic material under compressive stress is greater than that under tensile stress. If the wire is put on a tensile testing machine to be stretched, the wire bears unidirectional tensile stress and is pulled to a certain degree to be broken. The wire material is drawn through a wire drawing die, the wire material bears one-way tensile stress and two-way compressive stress, the cross section of the wire material is uniformly reduced under the action of the compressive stress, the wire material continuously extends in the length direction under the action of the tensile stress, cold machining plastic deformation is realized, and the drawing stress and the strain state of the wire material are shown in figure 1. The external force born by the wire in the die hole deformation area during drawing is three types:
(1) pullout force (Positive force, denoted by P)
The drawing force is the axial tension applied to the wire outlet end by the wire drawing machine, which generates a tensile stress in the wire and causes the wire to pass through the die hole along the axial direction, thereby completing the drawing process.
(2) Positive pressure (reaction force of the walls of the mould hole, denoted by N)
When the wire moves forward under the action of a drawing force (P), the die hole wall generates a reaction force (N) which hinders the movement of the wire, because the direction of the reaction force is vertical to the die hole wall, the reaction force is called positive pressure, wherein one component direction generated by the positive pressure forms an angle of 180 degrees with the drawing force direction, and the integral movement of the wire in the wire drawing die is hindered. The positive pressure generates a main pressure stress inside the wire, and the numerical value of the main pressure stress depends on the size of the surface reduction rate of the wire, the geometric shape and the size of a die hole and the like.
(3) Friction force (additional shear stress, denoted by T)
During drawing, friction is generated between the wall of the die hole and the surface of the wire, and the friction force is generated due to the action of positive pressure. The direction of the friction force is always opposite to the moving direction of the wire and is tangential to the wall of the die hole. The frictional force generates additional shear stress in the wire, and the magnitude of the additional shear stress is related to the surface conditions of the wire and the die hole, lubrication conditions, drawing speed and the like.
The three influencing factors (drawing force, positive pressure and friction force) have the most direct relation with the working area angle of the drawing die and the length of the bearing belt; the excessive working area angle of the wire drawing die can cause the excessive positive pressure and the too small contact area of the wire and the wire drawing die, and the excessive working area angle can cause the too small positive pressure and the too large contact area of the wire and the wire drawing die; the too long contact area that can make silk material and wire drawing mould of sizing zone length of wire drawing mould is too big, can lead to frictional force too big, and the too small contact area undersize that can make silk material and wire drawing mould of sizing zone length of wire drawing mould can lead to frictional force undersize.
At present, when the product quality of a wire drawing die is inspected, the product quality is mainly judged from the working area angle and the length of a sizing belt, a worker needs to measure the working area angle and the length of the sizing belt and judges whether the wire drawing die falls into a normal range or not, however, the inspection method has the following defects that because friction force generates additional shear stress in a wire, the numerical value of the additional shear stress is related to the surface conditions of the wire and a die hole, the lubricating condition, the drawing speed and other factors and is closely related to the material composition factors of the wire, the qualified working area angle and the length of the sizing belt corresponding to each factor are different, the wire drawing die produced each time needs to manually repeatedly measure the working area angle and the length of the sizing belt, and in addition, if the product is found to be unqualified after measurement, the wire drawing die needs to be trimmed again, finishing once just need remeasure workspace angle and sizing zone length, the working strength of above-mentioned process is big to the flow of measuring workspace angle and sizing zone length is comparatively loaded down with trivial details, and the degree of accuracy of measurement is lower simultaneously, can not satisfy the production requirement of enterprise to high accuracy wire drawing mould (workspace angle and sizing zone length all need high degree of accuracy).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides the device and the method for inspecting the wire-drawing die and the method for trimming the wire-drawing die, so that the product quality of the wire-drawing die can be simply, visually and accurately inspected, unqualified wire-drawing die products can be trimmed, and the inspection efficiency and the trimming efficiency are improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a wire drawing die inspection device comprises a clamping device used for clamping the end part of a wire material and a drawing device used for drawing the wire material to move at a constant speed in a wire drawing die.
Preferably, the drawing device comprises a traction mechanism and a force measuring mechanism, and the traction mechanism is connected with the clamping device through the force measuring mechanism.
More preferably, the traction mechanism comprises a traction roller, a wire groove for winding the pull wire is carved on the traction roller, and the input end of the traction roller is connected with the output end of the servo motor.
More preferably, the force measuring mechanism is a tensiometer structure.
The invention also provides a method for inspecting the wire drawing die, which comprises the following steps:
step 1): firstly, fixing a standard product of a wire drawing die, then leading a wire to pass through the wire drawing die and be connected with one end of a clamping device, and connecting the other end of the clamping device with a drawing device;
step 2): a traction mechanism of the drawing device drives the wire to move at a constant speed in the wire drawing die, and a force measuring mechanism of the drawing device measures the traction force;
step 3): repeating the step 2) for multiple times to obtain multiple traction force values measured by the force measuring mechanism, wherein the minimum value is D1Maximum value of D2；
Step 4): fixing the product of the wire drawing die, and then enabling the wire to pass through the wire drawing die and be connected with a drawing device;
step 5): a traction mechanism of the drawing device drives the wire to move at a constant speed in the wire drawing die, and a force measuring mechanism of the drawing device measures the traction force;
step 6): measured by a force-measuring mechanismThe traction value is n, if D1≤n≤D2If n is not within the above range, the drawing die is judged to have a non-satisfactory product quality.
In addition, the invention also discloses a trimming method of the wire drawing die, which comprises the following steps:
step 1): firstly, fixing a standard product of a wire drawing die, then leading a wire to pass through the wire drawing die and be connected with one end of a clamping device, and connecting the other end of the clamping device with a drawing device;
step 2): a traction mechanism of the drawing device drives the wire to move at a constant speed in the wire drawing die, and a force measuring mechanism of the drawing device measures the traction force;
step 3): repeating the step 2) for multiple times to obtain multiple traction force values measured by the force measuring mechanism, wherein the minimum value is D1Maximum value of D2；
Step 4): fixing the product of the wire drawing die, and then enabling the wire to pass through the wire drawing die and be connected with a drawing device;
step 5): a traction mechanism of the drawing device drives the wire to move at a constant speed in the wire drawing die, and a force measuring mechanism of the drawing device measures the traction force;
step 6): the traction force value measured by the force measuring mechanism is n, if n is less than D1Or n > D2If the product quality of the wire drawing die is not qualified, returning the wire drawing die to a production workshop, and re-polishing to change the angle theta of the working area or the length L of the bearing belt, so that the traction force value n of the re-trimmed wire drawing die falls into D1≤n≤D2Within the range of (1).
Preferably, in the step 6), if n < D1When grinding is carried out in a production workshop, the length L of the bearing belt is ground to be longer, if n is more than D1And when the bearing is ground in a production workshop, the bearing length L of the bearing is ground to be shortened.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the prior art, a worker needs to measure the working area angle theta and the length L of the sizing belt to judge whether the wire drawing die falls into a normal range, and the method converts the measurement into a measurement process of measuring the traction force during constant-speed wire drawing so as to reflect the positive pressure and the friction force of the wire drawing die on the wire, and finally can reflect whether the working area angle and the length of the sizing belt of the wire drawing die are normal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a wire drawing die inspection device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a wire drawing die inspection device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the connection structure between the pulling roll and the servo motor in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the wire entering and exiting from the wire drawing die;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the area of the working zone of the drawing die of FIG. 4;
in the drawing, a
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in figures 1 to 5, the wire-drawing die inspection device comprises a
The embodiment provides a method for inspecting a wire-drawing die, which comprises the following steps:
step 1): firstly, fixing a standard product of a wire drawing die 3, then enabling a
step 2): a traction mechanism 4.1 of the drawing device 4 drives the
step 3): repeating the step 2) for a plurality of times to obtain a plurality of traction force values measured by the force measuring mechanism 4.2, wherein the minimum value is D1Maximum value of D2；
Step 4): fixing a product of the wire drawing die 3, and then enabling the
step 5): a traction mechanism 4.1 of the drawing device 4 drives the
step 6): obtaining the traction force value n measured by the force measuring mechanism 4.2, if D1≤n≤D2Then, thenThe drawing die 3 is qualified in product quality, and if n is not within the above range, the drawing die 3 is unqualified in product quality.
In addition, the embodiment also discloses a trimming method of the wire drawing die, which comprises the following steps:
step 1): firstly, fixing a standard product of a wire drawing die 3, then enabling a
step 2): a traction mechanism 4.1 of the drawing device 4 drives the
step 3): repeating the step 2) for a plurality of times to obtain a plurality of traction force values measured by the force measuring mechanism 4.2, wherein the minimum value is D1Maximum value of D2；
Step 4): fixing a product of the wire drawing die 3, and then enabling the
step 5): a traction mechanism 4.1 of the drawing device 4 drives the
step 6): the measured traction force value of the force measuring mechanism 4.2 is n, if n is less than D1Or n > D2If the product quality of the wire drawing die 3 is unqualified, returning the wire drawing die 3 to the production workshop, and re-polishing to change the angle theta of the working
Preferably, in the step 6), if n < D1When grinding is carried out in a production workshop, the length L of the bearing belt 6 is ground to be longer, if n is more than D1When the bearing is ground in a production workshop, the length L of the bearing belt 6 is ground to be shortened.
During the dressing process, an increase in the angle θ of the working area 5 of the drawing die 3 causes an increase in the positive pressure, but causes a decrease in the contact area of the wire 1 with the drawing die 3, resulting in a decrease in the wire 1 with the drawing die 3The friction between the wire dies 3 is reduced and therefore it is not clear whether the resultant force of the positive pressure and the friction is increased or decreased in combination, so that it is not known whether the working area 5 angle theta is increased or decreased during dressing, and therefore several times of dressing are required to make the traction value n of the wire die 3 after re-dressing fall within D1≤n≤D2Within the range of (1); also if the working area angle theta is reduced, the positive pressure is reduced, and at the same time the contact area of the wire with the drawing die is increased, so that it appears that the combined force of the positive pressure and the friction is increased or decreased, and it is not clear that it is unknown whether the working area 5 angle theta is increased or decreased during dressing, so that several dressing operations are required to make the traction value n of the drawing die 3 after re-dressing fall into D1≤n≤D2Within the range of (1).
The contact area between the wire material 1 and the wire drawing die 3 can be increased when the length L of the bearing belt 6 of the wire drawing die 3 is increased, the friction force can be increased, the contact area between the wire material 1 and the wire drawing die 3 can be reduced when the length L of the bearing belt 6 of the wire drawing die 3 is too small, the friction force can be reduced, and therefore the checked wire drawing die 3 is provided with n < D1If the friction force of the wire drawing die 3 to the wire 1 is too small, the friction force needs to be improved during trimming, and the length L of the bearing belt 6 is ground to be longer to increase the friction force when the trimming and grinding are carried out again in a production workshop; if n > D1If the friction force of the wire drawing die 3 to the wire 1 is too large, the friction force needs to be reduced during trimming, so that the length L of the bearing belt 6 is ground to be shortened during trimming and grinding in a production workshop so as to reduce the friction force; finally, the trimming process enables the traction force value n of the wire drawing die 3 after being trimmed to fall into D1≤n≤D2Within the range of (1), the product quality becomes acceptable.
In addition, in this embodiment, tensile testing machine can also be directly selected for use to draw gear 4, and tensile testing machine itself contains drive mechanism and dynamometer, also comparatively common, convenient to use.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.