阅读说明：本技术 无线低功耗崩塌计及其使用方法 (Wireless low-power consumption collapse meter and using method thereof ) 是由 姚鸿梁 徐辉 宋爽 于 2019-10-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及响应灾难事件的报警器领域,具体为一种无线低功耗崩塌计及其使用方法。一种无线低功耗崩塌计,包括机壳(1),其特征是：还包括崩塌监控器(2),崩塌监控器(2)设于机壳(1)内,崩塌监控器(2)包括加速度传感器(201)、低功耗可配置比较器(202)、模数转换器(203)、微控制单元(204)、实时时钟(205)、低功耗蓝牙元件(206)、LoRa/NB-IoT远程通讯模块(207)、金属氧化物半导体场效应管(208)、电源管理系统(209)、电池(210)和开关(211)。一种无线低功耗崩塌计的使用方法,其特征是：包括如下步骤：安装、待机、监控、报警。本发明低功耗,适应性强,监测可靠。(The invention relates to the field of alarms responding to disaster events, in particular to a wireless low-power collapse meter and a using method thereof. A wireless low-power consumption collapse meter comprises a machine shell (1), and is characterized in that: the intelligent anti-collapse system is characterized by further comprising a collapse monitor (2), wherein the collapse monitor (2) is arranged in the machine shell (1), and the collapse monitor (2) comprises an acceleration sensor (201), a low-power-consumption configurable comparator (202), an analog-to-digital converter (203), a micro-control unit (204), a real-time clock (205), a low-power-consumption Bluetooth element (206), a LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module (207), a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (208), a power management system (209), a battery (210) and a switch (211). A use method of a wireless low-power collapse meter is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: installation, standby, monitoring and alarming. The invention has low power consumption, strong adaptability and reliable monitoring.)

1. The utility model provides a wireless low-power consumption collapse meter, includes casing (1), and casing (1) is fixed on being surveyed the rock through the mounting hole of both sides, characterized by: also comprises a collapse monitor (2), the collapse monitor (2) is arranged in the shell (1),

the collapse monitor (2) comprises an acceleration sensor (201), a low-power consumption configurable comparator (202), an analog-to-digital converter (203), a micro-control unit (204), real-time clocks (205) and (206), a LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module (207), a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (208), a power management system (209), a battery (210) and a switch (211),

an analog signal output end of the acceleration sensor (201) is connected with a signal input end of the low-power configurable comparator (202) and an analog signal input end of the analog-to-digital converter (203) through signal lines respectively, a digital signal output end of the analog-to-digital converter (203) is connected with the micro control unit (204) through signal lines, the micro control unit (204) is further connected with the low-power configurable comparator (202), a real-time clock (205), a low-power Bluetooth element (206) and a LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module (207) through signal lines respectively, one metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (208) is connected with the analog-to-digital converter (203) through signal lines, the other metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (208) is connected with the LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module (207) through signal lines respectively, and the power management system (209) is connected with the, The low-power consumption configurable comparator (202), the micro-control unit (204) and the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (208), and the battery (210) is connected with the power management system (209) through a wire which is connected with the switch (211) in series.

2. The wireless low-power collapse meter of claim 1, wherein: the casing (1) comprises a cavity (11) and an upper cover (12), the bottom outside the cavity (11) is a groove with a downward opening, mounting holes are formed in the bottoms of two sides of the cavity (11), a transparent observation window is arranged on one side surface of the cavity (11), and the switch (211) is arranged on the cavity (11); the upper cover (12) covers the opening of the cavity (11), a sealing ring is lined between the upper cover (12) and the cavity (11), and the upper cover (12) is a cover plate or a cover shell; the battery (210) is a lithium-thionyl chloride battery.

3. The method for using the wireless low-power collapse meter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the method is implemented in sequence according to the following steps:

i. finding a relatively flat mounting surface on the rock to be tested, wherein the size of the mounting surface is not less than 120mm multiplied by 55 mm;

placing the machine shell (1) on the installation surface, enabling the bottom of the outer part of the machine shell (1) to be attached to the installation surface, penetrating the installation holes in the two sides of the machine shell (1) by using a marking pen, and making a marking mark on the tested rock;

drilling a hole in the rock to be tested to a depth of not less than 40mm using an 8mm drill bit;

using two M5 expansion screws to fix the casing (1) on the rock to be detected;

v, opening the machine shell (1), closing the switch (211), turning off an indicator lamp of the power management system (209) after 10 seconds, and enabling the collapse monitor (2) to enter a standby state;

vi, using the intelligent mobile terminal, awakening the collapse monitor (2) through the low-power-consumption Bluetooth element (206), and enabling an indicator lamp of the power management system (209) to be normally on to enter a to-be-configured state;

reading acceleration data of the collapse monitor (2) in three directions by using the intelligent mobile terminal, and observing data stability;

after the data are stabilized, recording an initial value, automatically judging the stability of the acceleration in three directions by the micro control unit (204), if the fluctuation in 1 minute is smaller than a preset threshold value, automatically recording the average value of the acceleration in three directions in 1 minute as an initial value a by the micro control unit (204)₀；

And ix, setting three-direction acceleration fluctuation alarm threshold values a by the user through the intelligent mobile terminal_tThe LoRa gateway number or the server address, the normal uploading time interval and the encrypted uploading time interval;

x. the micro control unit (204) converts to absolute voltage amount according to the set threshold and configures the low power consumption configurable comparator (202); configuring the interrupt setting of the real-time clock (205) according to the periodic upload time;

xi, after the mobile intelligent terminal finishes the operation, an indicator lamp of the power management system (209) is turned off, and the collapse monitor (2) enters a standby mode;

in the case that the measured rock acceleration does not exceed the threshold value, the micro-control unit (204) is in a standby mode, and the power supply of the analog-to-digital converter (203) and the LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module (207) is cut off, at the moment, only the acceleration sensor (201), the low-power configurable comparator (202) and the real-time clock (205) of the collapse monitor (2) are in an operating mode, and the total power consumption of the collapse monitor (2) is less than 50 muA;

when the time is uploaded periodically, the real-time clock (205) generates an interrupt signal to wake up the micro control unit (204), after receiving the interrupt signal, the micro control unit (204) controls the power management system (209) to power on the analog-to-digital converter (203) to acquire an acceleration value for one time, then controls the power management system (209) to power on the LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module (207), sends data of the acceleration value to the base station and finally collects the data to the monitoring cloud platform;

xiv. if the collapse monitor (2) is on standby, the acceleration value a occurs in one of the following two conditions, a>a₀+a_tOr a<a₀–a_tThe low-power-consumption configurable comparator (202) sends an interrupt signal, the micro-control unit (204) is awakened, and the collapse monitor (2) starts the LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module (207) to encrypt the period of the uploading time interval and continuously report the monitored acceleration data;

xv., monitoring the acceleration data after the cloud platform receives the encryption, and then sending out corresponding early warning information.

4. The method for using the wireless low-power collapse meter according to claim 3, wherein:

in step viii, the preset threshold is set to 50 μ g, and g is gravity acceleration;

in the step ix, an acceleration fluctuation alarm threshold value a_tSet to 1mg, g refers to acceleration of gravity;

the normal upload interval is set to 1 hour once, and the encrypted upload time interval is set to 1 minute and 1 time.

5. The method for using the wireless low-power collapse meter according to claim 4, wherein:

and step ix, the user remotely resets the initial value or modifies the threshold value by taking the current value as the initial value, or the system remotely resets the initial value after the user manually alarms on the platform.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of alarms responding to disaster events, in particular to a wireless low-power collapse meter and a using method thereof.

Background

When geological disasters occur on the rocky hillside, rock mass collapse is often accompanied, and the falling rocks often cause house damage and personnel safety accidents. Therefore, the rock mass state is monitored in real time, and early warning information of collapse is issued, so that the method has important significance for disaster prevention and reduction. The existing collapse early warning method mainly comprises two modes of manual site survey and automatic monitoring. The manual monitoring method has low real-time performance and high accuracy limited by the experience of personnel; a common mode in automatic monitoring is that an acceleration sensor is arranged on a rock body to monitor the micromotion of the rock body. Generally, in order to realize real-time monitoring, the sensor needs to work continuously, and therefore a solar power supply system needs to be equipped for realizing long-term work. However, when a ground disaster occurs and a long time of rainfall goes forward, the solar system is easily fed and the system is disabled. Another mode is the non-rechargeable battery who adopts the large capacity, and the chinese utility model that the bulletin number of authorizing 204332058U specially does benefit to 2015 year 05 month 13 and discloses an intelligence early warning monitoring devices that collapses, include: a plurality of monitoring terminals and a wireless network coordinator; each monitoring terminal is connected to the wireless network coordinator, but a specific collapse monitoring method and a low-power-consumption design are explicitly embodied in the patent, so that the contradiction between high-frequency monitoring and low power consumption is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides monitoring equipment which is low in power consumption, strong in adaptability and reliable in monitoring, and discloses a wireless low-power collapse meter and a using method thereof.

The invention achieves the purpose by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a wireless low-power consumption collapse meter, includes the casing, and the casing passes through the mounting hole of both sides to be fixed on being surveyed the rock, characterized by: also comprises a collapse monitor which is arranged in the shell,

the collapse monitor comprises an acceleration sensor, a low-power-consumption configurable comparator, an analog-to-digital converter, a micro control unit, a real-time clock, a low-power-consumption Bluetooth element, a LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module, a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, a power management system, a battery and a switch,

the analog signal output end of the acceleration sensor is respectively connected with the signal input end of the low-power configurable comparator and the analog signal input end of the analog-to-digital converter through signal lines, the digital signal output end of the analog-to-digital converter is connected with the micro control unit through signal lines, the micro control unit is also respectively connected with the low-power configurable comparator, the real-time clock, the low-power Bluetooth element and the LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module through signal lines, one metal oxide semiconductor field effect tube is connected with the analog-to-digital converter through signal lines, the other metal oxide semiconductor field effect tube is connected with the LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module through signal lines, the power management system is respectively connected with the acceleration sensor through, the low-power consumption configurable comparator, the micro control unit and the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, and the battery is connected with the power management system through a wire which is connected with the switch in series.

The wireless low-power consumption collapse meter is characterized in that: the casing comprises a cavity and an upper cover, the bottom outside the cavity is a groove with a downward opening, the bottoms of two sides of the cavity are provided with mounting holes, one side surface of the cavity is provided with a transparent observation window, and the switch is arranged on the cavity; the upper cover is covered at the opening of the cavity, a sealing ring is lined between the upper cover and the cavity, and the upper cover is a cover plate or a cover shell; the battery is a lithium-thionyl chloride battery.

The use method of the wireless low-power consumption collapse meter is characterized in that: the method is implemented in sequence according to the following steps:

i. finding a relatively flat mounting surface on the rock to be tested, wherein the size of the mounting surface is not less than 120mm multiplied by 55 mm;

placing the shell on the mounting surface, enabling the bottom outside the shell to be attached to the mounting surface, penetrating the mounting holes in the two sides of the shell by using a marking pen, and making a marking mark on the tested rock;

drilling a hole in the rock to be tested to a depth of not less than 40mm using an 8mm drill bit;

using two M5 expansion screws to fix the casing (1) on the rock to be detected;

v, opening the shell, closing the switch, turning off the indicator light of the power management system after the indicator light is turned on for 10 seconds, and enabling the collapse monitor to enter a standby state;

using an intelligent mobile terminal configured with a special APP and Bluetooth communication, awakening a collapse monitor through a low-power consumption Bluetooth element, and enabling an indicator lamp of a power management system to be normally on and enter a to-be-configured state;

reading acceleration data of the collapse monitor in three directions by using the intelligent mobile terminal, and observing data stability;

after data are stabilized, recording initial values, automatically judging the stability of the accelerations in three directions by the micro control unit, if the fluctuation in 1 minute is smaller than a preset threshold value, passing self-checking, automatically recording the average value of the accelerations in the three directions in 1 minute as an initial value a0 by the micro control unit, wherein the initial value and the threshold value of each acceleration in the three directions can be the same or different;

the user sets an acceleration fluctuation alarm threshold at in three directions, a reference number or a server address, a normal uploading time interval and an encrypted uploading time interval through the intelligent mobile terminal;

converting the voltage into absolute voltage according to a set threshold value by the micro control unit and configuring a low-power consumption configurable comparator; meanwhile, configuring the interrupt setting of the real-time clock according to the period uploading time;

xi, after the mobile intelligent terminal finishes the operation, an indicator lamp of the power management system is turned off, and the collapse monitor (2) enters a standby mode;

when the measured rock acceleration does not exceed the threshold value, the micro control unit is in a standby mode, and the power supply of the analog-to-digital converter and the LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module is cut off, at the moment, only the acceleration sensor, the low-power-consumption configurable comparator and the real-time clock are in a working mode, and the total power consumption of the collapse monitor is less than 50 muA;

when the periodic uploading time is up, the real-time clock generates an interrupt signal to wake up the micro control unit, the micro control unit controls the power management system to electrify the analog-to-digital converter after receiving the interrupt signal so as to acquire an acceleration value for one time, then controls the power management system to electrify the LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module, sends the data of the acceleration value to the base station and finally collects the data to the monitoring cloud platform;

xiv, if the collapse monitor is in standby, when the acceleration value a is one of the following two conditions, a is greater than a0+ at or a < a 0-at, the low-power-consumption configurable comparator sends an interrupt signal, the micro control unit is awakened, and the collapse monitor starts the LoRa/NB-IoT remote communication module to encrypt the acceleration data which are continuously reported in the period of the uploading time interval;

xv., monitoring the acceleration data after the cloud platform receives the encryption, and then sending out corresponding early warning information.

The use method of the wireless low-power consumption collapse meter is characterized in that:

in step viii, the preset threshold is set to 50 μ g, and g is gravity acceleration;

in the step ix, setting an acceleration fluctuation alarm threshold at to 1mg, wherein g refers to the gravity acceleration;

the default value of the normal upload interval is set to 1 hour and the default value of the encryption upload interval is set to 1 minute, and the two default values can be modified by a user.

The use method of the wireless low-power consumption collapse meter is characterized in that:

and step ix, the user remotely resets the initial value or modifies the threshold value by taking the current value as the initial value, or the system remotely resets the initial value after the user manually alarms on the platform.

The invention adopts unique appearance and structure, the casing is of expandable design, the cavity at the bottom is not changed, and the two modes of monocell and bicell can be supported by replacing the upper cover; the shell is provided with various interfaces, including an antenna, a mounting hole, a panel (made of plastic and transparent to Bluetooth signals, and a transparent hole, an indicator light observation point and a switch (closed during transportation and storage).

The parameters and performance of the invention are as follows:

1. static power consumption is less than 50 uA;

2. all configuration parameters in the process can be rapidly configured through field Bluetooth; the cloud can be used for remote modification afterwards;

3. the battery electric quantity data and the acceleration data are reported to the cloud monitoring system according to a normal uploading interval, so that a user can know the battery condition conveniently;

4. under normal conditions, the report is carried out once per hour, and the instrument can continuously work for more than 5 years. If the requirement on the data sampling rate is higher or the requirement on the monitoring life is longer, the capacity can be increased through battery expansion;

5. the mounting holes and the machine shell are integrally designed, so that X, Y bidirectional mounting can be realized;

6. the mounting surface is designed to be concave, so that the requirement on the flatness of the rock mounting surface is reduced;

7. the sealing ring and the upper and lower cavities of the upper cover are designed, and the lower cavity of the circuit can be subjected to gluing treatment, so that the sealing protection of IP68 level can be achieved;

8. the device is provided with an acrylic transparent observation window, and a Bluetooth PCB antenna (built-in) and a power state lamp are arranged on the back surface of the device to realize the functions of configuration communication and state prompt;

9. the narrow-band communication (such as LoRa or NB-IoT) antenna is externally arranged (an SMA seat is arranged on a shell, and the inside of the shell is subjected to gluing treatment), and glass fiber reinforced plastic or sucker antennas with different gains can be selected according to the field environment;

10. the method comprises the following steps that a low-power-consumption acceleration sensor, a comparator, an MCU and BLE Bluetooth are selected (a Bluetooth module can be selected to be arranged in the MCU, such as an STM32W series single chip microcomputer adopting an ideographic semiconductor), and the standby power consumption is less than 50 muA;

11. by adopting a configurable comparator and a threshold trigger mode, real-time monitoring under the standby condition of the MCU is realized;

12. the battery is a lithium-thionyl chloride battery, and the annual leakage rate is less than 1%;

13. the power management circuit has the functions of battery power management and output switch

The invention provides a rock mass collapse monitoring method and a corresponding hardware device, which can realize extremely low power consumption while ensuring the real-time performance of collapse monitoring, thereby ensuring the long-term reliability of monitoring equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a collapse monitor according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the housing of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.