阅读说明：本技术 一种耐热碲铜合金材料及其制备方法 (Heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material and preparation method thereof ) 是由 黄伟 龚留奎 张延松 陈子明 刘晓彬 冯茜群 韩震 邓立勋 黄实哈 于 2021-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种耐热碲铜合金材料及其制备方法,一种耐热碲铜合金材料,其特征在于,按照重量百分比计,包括有以下组分：Te：0.2～0.5wt.％,Hf：0.3～0.9wt.％,Ag：0.1～0.2wt.％,余量为Cu。将微合金化元素Hf添加至碲铜合金中,元素Hf在铜中以纳米相析出,在铜中的溶解度大于Zr(微量Zr元素益于铜合金的高温稳定性),提高了本发明碲铜合金的抗拉强度、高温抗软化温度,从而使得本发明的碲铜合金具有良好的高温稳定性。(The invention relates to a heat-resistant tellurium copper alloy material and a preparation method thereof, and the heat-resistant tellurium copper alloy material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: te: 0.2-0.5 wt.%, Hf: 0.3-0.9 wt.%, Ag: 0.1-0.2 wt.%, and the balance of Cu. The microalloying element Hf is added into the tellurium-copper alloy, the element Hf is precipitated in copper in a nano phase, the solubility of the element Hf in copper is higher than that of Zr (trace Zr element is beneficial to the high-temperature stability of the copper alloy), the tensile strength and the high-temperature softening resistance temperature of the tellurium-copper alloy are improved, and therefore the tellurium-copper alloy has good high-temperature stability.)

1. The heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: te: 0.2-0.5 wt.%, Hf: 0.3-0.9 wt.%, Ag: 0.1-0.2 wt.%, and the balance of Cu.

2. The heat-resistant tellurium copper alloy material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tensile strength of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material is 480-620 MPa, the electric conductivity is 78-92% IACS, the softening resistance temperature is not less than 550 ℃, and the elongation after fracture is not less than 4%.

3. The heat-resistant tellurium copper alloy material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the added Hf element was added as a Cu-8Hf wt.% master alloy.

4. A method for preparing the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material as claimed in claim 3, characterized by comprising the following steps in sequence:

(1) upward continuous casting: proportioning according to the composition of the high-performance copper alloy material, firstly putting pure Cu and a dehydrating piece into an induction furnace, smelting in an atmospheric environment, adding Cu-8Hf wt.% intermediate alloy and pure Ag after the pure Cu is completely molten, preserving heat for a period of time, and then casting to form an alloy rod piece;

(2) and (3) drawing at room temperature: carrying out cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (1) for multiple times;

(3) annealing treatment: annealing the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (2), and then carrying out acid washing treatment on the alloy rod piece;

(4) and (3) drawing at room temperature: and (4) carrying out cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (3) for multiple times.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (2), the total deformation of cold drawing is 72-76%; in the step (4), the total cold-drawing deformation is 68-71%.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein: in the step (2), the total cold-drawing deformation is 75%; in step (4), the total cold-drawn deformation was 70%.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (3), the annealing temperature is 430-460 ℃, and the aging time is 1-3 h.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein: in the step (3), the annealing temperature is 45 ℃, and the aging time is 2 h.

9. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (1), the dehydrated charcoal is covered in the induction furnace, and the thickness of the covering layer is 5-7 mm.

10. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (1), the casting temperature is 1170-1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4-6 min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of copper alloy materials, in particular to a heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The rapid development of new energy automobiles greatly improves the demand of high-performance copper alloy, copper and copper alloy are mainly applied to parts such as battery systems, converters, electric motors, high-voltage cables and low-voltage cables of the new energy automobiles, and the copper amount of the new energy automobiles for single automobiles is far higher than that of traditional automobiles. Compared with the common copper alloy, the working environment of the copper alloy used by the new energy automobile has four outstanding characteristics of high working frequency, high running power, complex and changeable working environment and high safety requirement, so that the copper alloy has good mechanical property, conductivity, heat conductivity, oxidation resistance and softening resistance.

The tellurium-copper (C14500) alloy material has good free-cutting performance and excellent electric conduction and heat conduction performance, simultaneously has corrosion resistance, electric ablation resistance, electric arc resistance under the action of large current, and good cold and hot processing performance, and is suitable for copper alloy materials used by new energy automobiles. In addition, the tellurium-copper alloy is widely applied to the industries of electronics, electrical appliances, railway traffic, information communication, motors and war industry, but the tellurium-copper alloy has poor heat resistance. In the practical application process, the situations that the tellurium-copper alloy for the new energy automobile is high in working frequency, high in running power, complex and changeable in working environment and the like are met, and the high-temperature resistance stability of the existing tellurium-copper alloy needs to be improved.

The prior tellurium-copper alloy, as the copper alloy material for the contact net wire in the invention patent of China, the patent number of which is ZL02133772.1 (the publication number is CN1410569B), discloses a copper alloy for the contact net wire, the composition of which is Te: 0.1 to 1.2, Mg: 0.2 to 1.3, Li: 0.02-0.50 percent of Cu, and after hot extrusion or hot rolling, cold drawing or cold rolling and recrystallization annealing, the strength of the alloy can reach 523-576 MPa, the elongation is 8-11 percent, but the conductivity is generally lower than 76 percent IACS.

For example, in the chinese patent application "a high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy microalloyed by multiple elements and preparation thereof", the patent application No. CN200910303691.1 (application publication No. CN101629254A) develops a high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy microalloyed by trace chromium, zirconium and tellurium, and the composition is Cr: 0.2 to 0.8, Zr: 0.1-0.3, Te: 0.1 to 0.5, and the balance of Cu. After rolling and heat treatment, the conductivity is 92% IACS, but the mechanical property is lower, and the tensile strength is 500 MPa. Also like the chinese invention patent "a tellurium copper alloy for electric vehicle charging pile connector and its production process", its patent number is ZL201610698759.0 (the publication number is CN106222477B) discloses a tellurium copper alloy is applied to the vehicle charging pile connector, the chemical composition is: te: 0.16 to 0.19, Cr: 0.07 to 0.10, Co: 0.07-0.10, Y: 0.005 to 0.01, Sn: 0.005-0.01, and the oxygen content is less than 0.0005%. The alloy is subjected to the process steps of solid solution, cold rolling, aging, drawing and the like, the prepared product has excellent mechanical and electrical properties, the tensile strength exceeds 550MPa, the electric conductivity is greater than 90% IACS, the elongation is about 3%, but the contents of elements Cr, Co and Y for improving the high-temperature resistance stability of the alloy are lower (0.07-0.10 Cr, 0.07-0.10 Co and 0.005-0.01Y), the recrystallization temperature of the Cu- (Cr/Sn) alloy is about 400 ℃ under the limit solid solubility, the recrystallization temperature of the Cu-Co alloy is lower than 250 ℃, the recrystallization temperature of the Cu-0.25Hf alloy is about 550 ℃, obviously, the high-temperature resistance of the Cr/Sn element is not as good as that of the element Hf, and the rare earth Y is more than 0.05% and is beneficial to the softening resistance of the alloy, and plays a role in purifying and removing impurities in the patent, so that trace Cr: 0.07 to 0.10, Co: 0.07-0.10, Y: 0.005-0.01, the softening temperature of the tellurium copper alloy is improved very limitedly.

Therefore, further improvements to the existing heat-resistant tellurium copper alloy materials and the preparation method are needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material which has high heat resistance, high strength, high arc erosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance at the same time, aiming at the current situation of the prior art.

The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation method of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the first technical problem is as follows: the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: te: 0.2-0.5 wt.%, Hf: 0.3-0.9 wt.%, Ag: 0.1-0.2 wt.%, and the balance of Cu.

The tensile strength of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material is 480-620 MPa, the electric conductivity is 78-92% IACS, the softening resistance temperature is not less than 550 ℃, and the elongation after fracture is not less than 4%. The heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material has high tensile strength, high conductivity and good high-temperature stability.

Preferably, the Hf element is the Hf element in the Cu-8Hf wt.% master alloy. Hf acts similarly to Zr, but Hf has a solubility of 0.4 at.%, Zr has a solubility of only 0.12 at.%, and precipitation strengthening potential is greater. Meanwhile, the Hf element is easy to oxidize and burn, so that the yield of the Hf element is improved by adopting the intermediate alloy.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the second technical problem is as follows: the preparation method of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps of:

(1) upward continuous casting: proportioning according to the composition of the high-performance copper alloy material, firstly putting pure Cu and a dehydrating piece into an induction furnace, smelting in an atmospheric environment, adding Cu-8Hf wt.% intermediate alloy and pure Ag after the pure Cu is completely molten, preserving heat for a period of time, and then casting to form an alloy rod piece;

(2) and (3) drawing at room temperature: carrying out cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (1) for multiple times;

(3) annealing treatment: annealing the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (2), and then carrying out acid washing treatment on the alloy rod piece;

(4) and (3) drawing at room temperature: and (4) carrying out cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (3) for multiple times.

Preferably, in the step (2), the total cold-drawing deformation is 72-76%, and the large deformation of the alloy is ensured to have good mechanical properties; in the step (4), the total deformation of cold drawing is 68-71%, and the plasticity and strength of the alloy after secondary cold deformation (after annealing treatment) are maintained.

Further preferably, in the step (2), the cold-drawing total deformation amount is 75%; in step (4), the total cold-drawn deformation was 70%. And the good combination of mechanical and electrical properties of the alloy is realized.

Preferably, in the step (3), the annealing temperature is 430-460 ℃, and the aging time is 1-3 h.

More preferably, in step (3), the annealing temperature is 450 ℃ and the aging time is 2 hours. The nano strengthening phase is easy to be separated out, and the optimal combination of the annealing temperature and the annealing time is realized.

Preferably, in the step (1), the thickness of the dehydrated charcoal covering layer is 6mm, so that the alloy liquid level and the crystallizer are ensured to descend in a coordinated manner in the casting and drawing process, and the loss of easily-oxidized elements in the alloy smelting process can be reduced; the casting temperature is 1170-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 4-6 min, and the fluidity of the molten metal and the sufficient dissolution of alloy elements are ensured.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the microalloying element Hf is added into the tellurium-copper alloy, the element Hf is precipitated in copper in a nano phase, and the solubility of the element Hf in copper is higher than that of Zr, so that the tensile strength, the high-temperature softening resistance temperature and the electric conductivity of the tellurium-copper alloy are improved, and the tellurium-copper alloy has good high-temperature stability; the addition of Te element ensures the arc resistance of the alloy. In addition, the tellurium-copper alloy material is prepared by the processes of continuous casting, room-temperature drawing, annealing treatment and room-temperature drawing, the cooling rate is high in the continuous casting process, the solid solution effect of micro-alloying elements is good, the obtained alloy rod piece has good surface quality and uniform structure, has certain grain orientation along the casting direction, and is convenient for subsequent cold processing; the addition of Hf element and the subsequent thermomechanical treatment increase the softening resistance temperature by over 100 ℃, the tensile strength by over 70MPa and the electric conductivity by over 78% IACS compared with the common C14500 alloy (the softening resistance temperature is about 400-450 ℃). The alloy material prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention is low in impurity element content, simpler than the traditional casting-extrusion process and high in alloy yield. In addition, the tellurium-copper alloy material prepared by the invention has excellent mechanical, electrical and high-temperature stability, can be applied to new energy automobiles, and has obvious economic and social benefits in the industries of electronics, electrical appliances, railway traffic, information communication, motors and war industry.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

Example 1:

according to the weight percentage, the alloy components of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment are as follows: te: 0.2%, Hf: 0.3%, Ag: 0.1% and the balance of Cu.

The preparation method of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:

(1) upward continuous casting: proportioning according to the composition of the copper alloy material, wherein pure Cu and dehydrated charcoal are placed into a medium-frequency induction furnace, the thickness of a dehydrated charcoal covering layer is 6cm, smelting is carried out in an atmospheric environment, Cu-8Hf wt.% intermediate alloy and pure Ag are added after the pure copper is completely melted, heat preservation is carried out for 5min at the temperature of 1180 ℃, and the diameter of the cross section of a drawing-casting copper alloy rod piece is 21 mm;

(2) and (3) drawing at room temperature: performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (1) (phi is 21mm → phi is 19mm → phi is 17mm → phi is 15mm → phi is 14mm → phi is 13mm → phi is 12mm → phi is 11mm → phi is 10.5mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 75%;

(3) annealing treatment: annealing the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (2), wherein the annealing temperature is 450 ℃, the aging time is 2 hours, and then acid washing is carried out on the alloy rod piece;

(4) and (3) drawing at room temperature: and (3) performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (3) (phi is 10.5mm → phi is 9mm → phi is 8mm → phi is 7mm → phi is 6.5mm → phi is 5.8mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 70%.

The tensile strength of the copper alloy rod material obtained in the embodiment is 480MPa, the conductivity is 92% IACS, the elongation is 14%, the softening temperature resistance is 550 ℃, the breakdown voltage is 22KV, and the copper alloy rod material has good high-temperature stability and arc resistance.

Example 2:

according to the weight percentage, the alloy components of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment are Te: 0.2%, Hf: 0.7%, Ag: 0.15% and the balance of Cu.

The preparation method of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:

(1) upward continuous casting: the copper alloy material is prepared according to the composition of the copper alloy material, pure Cu and dehydrated charcoal are placed into a medium-frequency induction furnace, the thickness of a dehydrated charcoal covering layer is 6mm, smelting is carried out in an atmospheric environment, Cu-8Hf wt.% intermediate alloy and pure Ag are added after pure copper is completely melted, heat preservation is carried out for 5min at the temperature of 1180 ℃, and the diameter of the cross section of a drawing-casting copper alloy rod piece is 21 mm;

(2) and (3) drawing at room temperature: performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (1) (phi is 21mm → phi is 19mm → phi is 17mm → phi is 15mm → phi is 14mm → phi is 13mm → phi is 12mm → phi is 11mm → phi is 10.5mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 75%;

(3) annealing treatment: annealing the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (2), wherein the annealing temperature is 450 ℃, the aging time is 2 hours, and then acid washing is carried out on the alloy rod piece;

(4) and (3) drawing at room temperature: and (3) performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (3) (phi is 10.5mm → phi is 9mm → phi is 8mm → phi is 7mm → phi is 6.5mm → phi is 5.8mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 70%.

The tensile strength of the copper alloy rod material obtained in the embodiment is 546MPa, the conductivity is 84% IACS, the elongation is 7%, the softening temperature resistance is 550 ℃, the breakdown voltage is 22KV, and the copper alloy rod material has good high-temperature stability and arc resistance.

Example 3:

according to the weight percentage, the alloy components of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment are Te: 0.2%, Hf: 0.9%, Ag: 0.2% and the balance of Cu.

The preparation method of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:

(1) upward continuous casting: proportioning according to the composition of the high-performance copper alloy material, firstly putting pure Cu and dehydrated charcoal into a medium-frequency induction furnace, smelting the dehydrated charcoal in an atmospheric environment, adding Cu-8Hf wt.% intermediate alloy and pure Ag after the pure copper is completely melted, preserving the heat for 5min at the temperature of 1200 ℃, and keeping the diameter of the cross section of a drawing-casting copper alloy rod piece to be 21 mm;

(2) and (3) drawing at room temperature: performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (1) (phi is 21mm → phi is 19mm → phi is 17mm → phi is 15mm → phi is 14mm → phi is 13mm → phi is 12mm → phi is 11mm → phi is 10.5mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 75%;

(3) annealing treatment: annealing the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (2), wherein the annealing temperature is 450 ℃, the aging time is 2 hours, and then acid washing is carried out on the alloy rod piece;

(4) and (3) drawing at room temperature: and (3) performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (3) (phi is 10.5mm → phi is 9mm → phi is 8mm → phi is 7mm → phi is 6.5mm → phi is 5.8mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 70%.

The tensile strength of the copper alloy rod material obtained in the embodiment reaches 581MPa, the electric conductivity reaches 80.2% IACS, the elongation reaches 5%, the softening temperature resistance is 570 ℃, the breakdown voltage is 22KV, and the copper alloy rod material has good high-temperature stability and arc resistance.

Example 4:

according to the weight percentage, the alloy components of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment are Te: 0.4%, Hf: 0.3%, Ag: 0.1% and the balance of Cu.

The preparation method of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:

(1) upward continuous casting: proportioning according to the composition of the high-performance copper alloy material, putting pure Cu and dehydrated charcoal into a medium-frequency induction furnace, smelting the dehydrated charcoal in an atmospheric environment, adding Cu-8Hf wt.% intermediate alloy and pure Ag after the pure copper is completely melted, preserving the heat for 5min at the temperature of 1170 ℃, and keeping the diameter of the cross section of a drawing-casting copper alloy rod piece to be 21 mm;

(2) and (3) drawing at room temperature: performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (1) (phi is 21mm → phi is 19mm → phi is 17mm → phi is 15mm → phi is 14mm → phi is 13mm → phi is 12mm → phi is 11mm → phi is 10.5mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 75%;

(3) annealing treatment: annealing the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (2), wherein the annealing temperature is 450 ℃, the aging time is 2 hours, and then acid washing is carried out on the alloy rod piece;

(4) and (3) drawing at room temperature: and (3) performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (3) (phi is 10.5mm → phi is 9mm → phi is 8mm → phi is 7mm → phi is 6.5mm → phi is 5.8mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 70%.

The tensile strength of the copper alloy rod material obtained in the embodiment reaches 483MPa, the electric conductivity reaches 89.6% IACS, the elongation reaches 11%, the softening temperature resistance is 550 ℃, the breakdown voltage is 22.5KV, and the copper alloy rod material has good high-temperature stability and arc resistance.

Example 5:

according to the weight percentage, the alloy components of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment are Te: 0.5%, Hf: 0.6%, Ag: 0.2% and the balance of Cu.

The preparation method of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:

(1) upward continuous casting: the preparation method comprises the following steps of preparing materials according to the composition of the high-performance copper alloy material, firstly putting pure Cu and dehydrated charcoal into a medium-frequency induction furnace, smelting the dehydrated charcoal in an atmospheric environment, adding Cu-8Hf wt.% intermediate alloy and pure Ag after the pure copper is completely melted, preserving heat for 5min at the temperature of 1180 ℃, and making the diameter of the cross section of a drawing-casting copper alloy rod piece be 21 mm;

(2) and (3) drawing at room temperature: performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (1) (phi is 21mm → phi is 19mm → phi is 17mm → phi is 15mm → phi is 14mm → phi is 13mm → phi is 12mm → phi is 11mm → phi is 10.5mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 75%;

(3) annealing treatment: annealing the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (2), wherein the annealing temperature is 450 ℃, the aging time is 2 hours, and then acid washing is carried out on the alloy rod piece;

(4) and (3) drawing at room temperature: and (3) performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (3) (phi is 10.5mm → phi is 9mm → phi is 8mm → phi is 7mm → phi is 6.5mm → phi is 5.8mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 70%.

The tensile strength of the copper alloy rod material obtained in the embodiment reaches 539MPa, the electric conductivity reaches 85.2% IACS, the elongation reaches 7%, the softening temperature resistance is 550 ℃, the breakdown voltage is 22.5KV, and the copper alloy rod material has good high-temperature stability and arc resistance.

Example 6:

according to the weight percentage, the alloy components of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment are Te: 0.5%, Hf: 0.9%, Ag: 0.2% and the balance of Cu.

The preparation method of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:

(1) upward continuous casting: proportioning according to the composition of the high-performance copper alloy material, firstly putting pure Cu and dehydrated charcoal into a medium-frequency induction furnace, smelting the dehydrated charcoal in an atmospheric environment, adding Cu-8Hf wt.% intermediate alloy and pure Ag after the pure copper is completely melted, preserving the heat for 5min at the temperature of 1200 ℃, and keeping the diameter of the cross section of a drawing-casting copper alloy rod piece to be 21 mm;

(2) and (3) drawing at room temperature: performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (1) (phi is 21mm → phi is 19mm → phi is 17mm → phi is 15mm → phi is 14mm → phi is 13mm → phi is 12mm → phi is 11mm → phi is 10.5mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 75%;

(3) annealing treatment: annealing the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (2), wherein the annealing temperature is 450 ℃, the aging time is 2 hours, and then acid washing is carried out on the alloy rod piece;

(4) and (3) drawing at room temperature: and (3) performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (3) (phi is 10.5mm → phi is 9mm → phi is 8mm → phi is 7mm → phi is 6.5mm → phi is 5.8mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 70%.

The tensile strength of the copper alloy rod material obtained in the embodiment reaches 602MPa, the electric conductivity reaches 78.5% IACS, the elongation reaches 5%, the softening temperature resistance is 570 ℃, the breakdown voltage is 22.5KV, and the copper alloy rod material has good high-temperature stability and arc resistance.

Example 7:

according to the weight percentage, the alloy components of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment are Te: 0.5%, Hf: 0.3%, Ag: 0.1% and the balance of Cu.

The preparation method of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:

(1) upward continuous casting: proportioning according to the composition of the high-performance copper alloy material, firstly putting pure Cu and dehydrated charcoal into a medium-frequency induction furnace, smelting the dehydrated charcoal in an atmospheric environment, adding Cu-8Hf wt.% intermediate alloy and pure Ag after the pure copper is completely melted, preserving the heat for 5min at the temperature of 1170 ℃, and keeping the diameter of the cross section of a drawing-casting copper alloy rod piece to be 21 mm;

(2) and (3) drawing at room temperature: performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (1) (phi is 21mm → phi is 19mm → phi is 17mm → phi is 15mm → phi is 14mm → phi is 13mm → phi is 12mm → phi is 11mm → phi is 10.5mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 75%;

(3) annealing treatment: annealing the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (2), wherein the annealing temperature is 450 ℃, the aging time is 2 hours, and then acid washing is carried out on the alloy rod piece;

(4) and (3) drawing at room temperature: and (3) performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (3) (phi is 10.5mm → phi is 9mm → phi is 8mm → phi is 7mm → phi is 6.5mm → phi is 5.8mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 70%.

The tensile strength of the copper alloy rod material obtained in the embodiment reaches 485MPa, the electric conductivity reaches 89.8% IACS, the elongation reaches 10%, the softening temperature resistance is 550 ℃, the breakdown voltage is 22.5KV, and the copper alloy rod material has good high-temperature stability and arc resistance.

Example 8:

according to the weight percentage, the alloy components of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment are Te: 0.5%, Hf: 0.5%, Ag: 0.15% and the balance of Cu.

The preparation method of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:

(1) upward continuous casting: the preparation method comprises the following steps of preparing materials according to the composition of the high-performance copper alloy material, firstly putting pure Cu and dehydrated charcoal into a medium-frequency induction furnace, smelting the dehydrated charcoal in an atmospheric environment, adding Cu-8Hf wt.% intermediate alloy and pure Ag after the pure copper is completely melted, preserving heat for 5min at the temperature of 1180 ℃, and making the diameter of the cross section of a drawing-casting copper alloy rod piece be 21 mm;

(2) and (3) drawing at room temperature: performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (1) (phi is 21mm → phi is 19mm → phi is 17mm → phi is 15mm → phi is 14mm → phi is 13mm → phi is 12mm → phi is 11mm → phi is 10.5mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 75%;

(3) annealing treatment: annealing the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (2), wherein the annealing temperature is 450 ℃, the aging time is 2 hours, and then acid washing is carried out on the alloy rod piece;

(4) and (3) drawing at room temperature: and (3) performing multi-pass cold drawing on the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (3) (phi is 10.5mm → phi is 9mm → phi is 8mm → phi is 7mm → phi is 6.5mm → phi is 5.8mm), wherein the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 70%.

The tensile strength of the copper alloy rod material obtained in the embodiment reaches 527MPa, the electric conductivity reaches 86.3% IACS, the elongation reaches 8%, the softening temperature resistance is 550 ℃, the breakdown voltage is 22.5KV, and the copper alloy rod material has good high-temperature stability and arc resistance.

Example 9:

according to the weight percentage, the alloy components of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment are Te: 0.5%, Hf: 0.9%, Ag: 0.2% and the balance of Cu.

The preparation method of the heat-resistant tellurium-copper alloy material of the embodiment sequentially comprises the following steps:

(1) upward continuous casting: proportioning according to the composition of the high-performance copper alloy material, firstly putting pure Cu and dehydrated charcoal into a medium-frequency induction furnace, smelting the dehydrated charcoal in an atmospheric environment, adding Cu-8Hf wt.% intermediate alloy and pure Ag after the pure copper is completely melted, preserving the heat for 5min at the temperature of 1200 ℃, and keeping the diameter of the cross section of a drawing-casting copper alloy rod piece to be 21 mm;

(2) and (3) drawing at room temperature: the alloy bar obtained in the step (1) is subjected to multi-pass cold drawing, and the cold drawing is performed 8 times (phi 21mm → phi 19mm → phi 17mm → phi 15mm → phi 14mm → phi 13mm → phi 12mm → phi 11mm → phi 10.5mm), and the total deformation amount is 75%;

(3) annealing treatment: annealing the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (2), wherein the annealing temperature is 450 ℃, the aging time is 2 hours, and then acid washing is carried out on the alloy rod piece;

(4) and (3) drawing at room temperature: the alloy rod piece obtained in the step (3) is subjected to multi-pass cold drawing, and undergoes 5 times in the embodiment (phi is 10.5mm → phi is 9mm → phi is 8mm → phi is 7mm → phi is 6.5mm → phi is 5.8mm), and the total deformation amount of the cold drawing is 70%;

the tensile strength of the copper alloy rod material obtained in the embodiment reaches 620MPa, the electric conductivity reaches 78% IACS, the elongation reaches 4%, the softening temperature resistance is 570 ℃, the breakdown voltage is 22.5KV, and the copper alloy rod material has good high-temperature stability and arc resistance.

Example 10:

this embodiment differs from embodiment 9 described above only in that: the thickness of the dehydrated charcoal covering layer in the step (1) is 6cm, the temperature is 1170 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 4 min; the total cold-drawing deformation in the step (2) is 72 percent; the annealing temperature in the step (3) is 430 ℃, and the aging time is 1 h; the total cold-drawing deformation in the step (4) is 68 percent;

example 11:

this embodiment differs from embodiment 9 described above only in that: the thickness of the dehydrated charcoal covering layer in the step (1) is 6cm, the temperature is 1200 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 6 min; the total cold-drawing deformation in the step (2) is 76%; the annealing temperature in the step (3) is 460 ℃, and the aging time is 3 h; the total cold-drawing deformation in the step (4) is 71 percent;

the above embodiments are further detailed descriptions of the present invention, and it is not intended that the embodiments of the present invention be limited thereto, and that suitable composition adjustments and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the alloy composition and the thermomechanical treatment process set forth in the present invention, but all should be considered to fall within the scope of the claims as filed with the present invention.