阅读说明：本技术 一种利用二氧化氯处理仓储玉米中黄曲霉毒素b1的方法 (Method for treating aflatoxin B in stored corn by using chlorine dioxide1Method (2) ) 是由 孙群 史健阳 余洋 刘云笛 马力 窦志慧 于 2018-06-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种利用二氧化氯处理仓储玉米中黄曲霉毒素B_1的方法,属于食品工程技术领域。包括将玉米平铺在密闭仓储室内,玉米为流动型；向密闭仓储室中通入浓度为60～100mg/L二氧化氯气体,并在密闭仓储室中熏蒸12～24h；最后,通风换气,设置密闭仓储室内的玉米仓储条件为：标准大气压下,湿度为60～75%,温度为20℃以下。本发明以二氧化氯气体作为黄曲霉毒素B_1的降解物质,在特定的二氧化氯气体浓度及处理时间等条件下,实现对仓储玉米中黄曲霉毒素B_1的处理,黄曲霉毒素B_1降解率可达78%；同时,本处理方法适用于大规模化的玉米仓储。(The invention discloses a method for treating aflatoxin B in stored corn by using chlorine dioxide 1 Belonging to the technical field of food engineering. Comprises spreading corn in a closed storage room, wherein the corn is in a flowing type; chlorine dioxide gas with the concentration of 60-100 mg/L is introduced into the closed storage chamber, and the closed storage chamber is fumigated for 12-24 hours; and finally, ventilating, and setting the corn storage conditions in the closed storage room as follows: under the standard atmospheric pressure, the humidity is 60-75%, and the temperature is below 20 ℃. The invention takes chlorine dioxide gas as aflatoxin B 1 The degradation substance realizes the effect of treating aflatoxin B in the stored corn under the conditions of specific chlorine dioxide gas concentration, treatment time and the like 1 Treatment of aflatoxin B 1 The degradation rate can reach 78%; meanwhile, the processing method is suitable for large-scale corn storage.)

1. Method for treating aflatoxin B in stored corn by using chlorine dioxide₁The method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

flatly paving corns in a closed storage room with the thickness of 1-2 cm, wherein the corns are in a flowing type;

B. chlorine dioxide gas with the concentration of 60-100 mg/L is introduced into the closed storage chamber, and the chlorine dioxide gas is 2 multiplied by 10 per ton of corn³～3×10³ L；

C. Fumigating chlorine dioxide gas in a closed storage room for 12-24 hours under the conditions of standard atmospheric pressure, humidity of 65-75% and temperature of 5-25 ℃;

D. stopping introducing the chlorine dioxide gas, and introducing dry air into the closed storage chamber.

2. The method of claim 1 for treating aflatoxin B in stored corn with chlorine dioxide₁The method of (1), wherein the concentration of the chlorine dioxide gas is 80 mg/L.

3. The method of claim 1 for treating aflatoxin B in stored corn with chlorine dioxide₁The method is characterized in that the fumigation time is 24 hours.

4. The method of claim 1 for treating aflatoxin B in stored corn with chlorine dioxide₁The method is characterized in that in the closed storage room, the corns are stirred, conveyed or overturned by a windlass, so that the corns are in a flowing type.

5. The method of claim 1 for treating aflatoxin B in stored corn with chlorine dioxide₁The method is characterized in that a chlorine dioxide gas generator is arranged outside the closed storage room and used for conveying chlorine dioxide gas into the closed storage room through a conveying pipe, and gas outlets of the conveying pipe are uniformly distributed in the closed storage room.

6. The method of claim 1 for treating aflatoxin B in stored corn with chlorine dioxide₁The method is characterized in that a chlorine dioxide gas concentration detector is arranged in the closed storage chamber.

7. The method of claim 1 for treating aflatoxin B in stored corn with chlorine dioxide₁The method of (1), wherein said corn is corn kernels or corn husks.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for treating aflatoxin B in corn, in particular to a method for treating aflatoxin B in stored corn by using chlorine dioxide₁Belonging to the technical field of food engineering.

Background

Aflatoxins are widely polluted in oil crops, and main infection objects are grain and oil crops such as peanuts, cotton seeds, corns, nuts and the like. The stress action of high temperature and drought is the main reason for infection by aspergillus flavus before closed harvest, and the aspergillus flavus is easy to explode before or after harvest; but the closed harvest period is also easy to be affected with damp and grow mildews and generate aflatoxin when meeting rainy days; after harvesting, improper storage conditions can also cause aflatoxin production by aflatoxin infection. Because aflatoxin can cause carcinogenesis, teratogenesis and mutagenesis, the aflatoxin has great harm to people and livestock, causes wide attention of all countries in the world, and many countries set the highest limiting standard of aflatoxin in food. Aflatoxin B₁Aflatoxins B of three structural analogues thereof₂、G₁、G₂The detection is used as the pollutant requirement in the fields, storage, transportation and processing of crops. The U.S. food and drug administration stipulates that aflatoxins do not exceed 20 ppb in most foods and feeds. The standards set by the european union are severely restricted, and no more than 4 ppb of aflatoxins is found in various cereals and nuts for human consumption. China also stipulates aflatoxin B in corn and corn products₁Not more than 20 ppb, and aflatoxin B in feed₁Not exceeding 50 ppb.

Because aflatoxin is closely related to human health, and the frequent occurrence of aflatoxin pollution poisoning events seriously threatens human and animal health and food safety, how to control aflatoxin becomes one of the major problems in the quality of agricultural products and food safety all over the world. So the degradation of aflatoxin which is already generated in food and feed or the inhibition of the generation of aflatoxin is very important. There are many reports on the inhibition, degradation and inactivation of aflatoxins in food and feed. The degradation method can be roughly divided into physical methods, including cooking, roasting, cleaning, grinding and the like; a chemical method, which is a chemical method for removing aflatoxin by using chemical disinfectants such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone, ammonia gas and the like; and using biological methods. However, all of these methods have respective disadvantages, such as applicability, degradation efficiency, safety, and food quality maintenance, etc., so that research on aflatoxin degradation is continuously conducted, and further research and optimization of aflatoxin degradation methods are urgently needed.

The national Bureau of public health discloses an invention patent application document with the publication number of CN101438775 and the patent name of 'a method for removing aflatoxin in peanut kernels' on 27 th of 2009, and discloses: soaking peanut seeds in a chlorine dioxide aqueous solution and simultaneously carrying out ultrasonic vibration, namely treating aflatoxin in the peanut seeds by using the ultrasonic-assisted chlorine dioxide solution, wherein liquid chlorine dioxide is mainly used as a disinfectant (sterilizing agent) to achieve detoxification and bacteriostasis of the infected peanuts, and is not used for specifically degrading the aflatoxin; the ultrasonic wave has low capability of treating aflatoxin in the stored corns, has poor applicability and is not suitable for degradation in large-scale production.

The national Bureau of Japan, 20.02/2013, discloses an invention patent application document with the publication number of CN102934764A and the patent name of "a degradation method of aflatoxin", which discloses: treating substances containing aflatoxin by adopting combined action of ozone water, chlorine dioxide and ultrasound to obtain a sample with reduced aflatoxin content, wherein the ozone and the ultrasound mainly degrade the aflatoxin, and the chlorine dioxide is used as a bactericide to inhibit the growth of aspergillus flavus; also, the treatment method has low treatment capacity on aflatoxin in the stored corn, has poor applicability and is not suitable for degradation in large-scale production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for treating aflatoxin B in stored corn by using chlorine dioxide₁The method of (1). The invention takes chlorine dioxide gas as aflatoxin B₁The degradation substance realizes the storage under the conditions of setting specific chlorine dioxide gas concentration, treatment time and the likeAflatoxins B in maize₁Treatment of aflatoxin B₁The degradation rate can reach 78%; meanwhile, the processing method is suitable for large-scale corn storage.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the following technical scheme is proposed:

method for treating aflatoxin B in stored corn by using chlorine dioxide₁The method comprises the following steps: flatly paving corns in a closed storage room with the thickness of 1-2 cm, wherein the corns are in a flowing type; chlorine dioxide gas with the concentration of 60-100 mg/L is introduced into the closed storage chamber, and the chlorine dioxide gas is 2 multiplied by 10 per ton of corn³～3×10³L; fumigating chlorine dioxide gas in a closed storage room for 12-24 hours under the conditions of standard atmospheric pressure, humidity of 65-75% and temperature of 5-25 ℃; and finally, stopping introducing chlorine dioxide gas, introducing dry air into the closed storage room, and setting the corn storage conditions in the closed storage room as follows: under the standard atmospheric pressure, the humidity is 60-75%, and the temperature is below 20 ℃.

Preferably, the concentration of the chlorine dioxide gas is 80 mg/L.

Preferably, the fumigation time is 24 hours.

In the closed storage room, the corns are stirred, conveyed and conveyed or turned over by a winch, so that the corns are in a flowing type.

The chlorine dioxide gas generator is arranged outside the closed storage room and used for conveying chlorine dioxide gas into the closed storage room through the conveying pipe, and gas outlets of the conveying pipe are uniformly distributed in the closed storage room.

And a chlorine dioxide gas concentration detector is arranged in the closed storage chamber.

The corn is corn kernels or husked corn.

The corn is corn with any humidity, wherein the corn comprises fresh corn or dry corn.

Through the treatment method, the adopted specific structure of the closed storage chamber is as follows:

the closed storage device comprises a closed storage cavity, a circulating conveying mechanism and a chlorine dioxide gas conveying mechanism, wherein the circulating conveying mechanism is used for lifting the materials at the bottom of the closed storage cavity to the top of the closed storage cavity and inputting the conveyed materials into the closed storage cavity; the chlorine dioxide gas conveying mechanism is used for conveying chlorine dioxide gas into the closed storage cavity; a chlorine dioxide concentration detection mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the closed storage cavity and is used for detecting the concentration of chlorine dioxide in the closed storage cavity; the chlorine dioxide gas conveying mechanism comprises an inflation pipe network and an air inlet pipe, the inflation pipe network is arranged at the bottom of the closed storage cavity and consists of a plurality of air conveying pipes, a plurality of inflation holes are formed in the air conveying pipes, and external chlorine dioxide gas enters the inflation pipe network through the air inlet pipe and enters the closed storage cavity through the inflation holes of the inflation pipe network; and the upper part of the closed storage cavity is provided with an exhaust pipe communicated with the outside.

The circulating conveying mechanism comprises a spiral conveyor, the feeding end of the spiral conveyor is connected with the bottom of the sealed storage cavity, and the discharging end of the spiral conveyor is connected with the upper part of the sealed storage cavity.

The chlorine dioxide gas delivery mechanism also comprises a chlorine dioxide generator, and an exhaust port of the chlorine dioxide generator is connected with an air inlet pipe of the chlorine dioxide gas delivery mechanism.

The exhaust pipe is provided with a circulating air pump, an outlet of the exhaust pipe is connected with an inlet of the circulating air pump, and an outlet of the circulating air pump is connected with an air inlet pipe.

The chlorine dioxide concentration detection mechanism is a chlorine dioxide concentration detector, and can be an MOT500-CLO2 online chlorine dioxide concentration detector.

The bottom of the closed storage cavity is in an inverted cone shape.

By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial technical effects brought are as follows:

1) the invention takes chlorine dioxide gas as aflatoxin B₁The degradation substance of (1) can be used for specifically treating aflatoxin B1 in the stored corn under the conditions of setting specific chlorine dioxide gas concentration, treatment time and the like₁The degradation rate can reach78%；

2) The treatment method has convenient operation, high treatment efficiency and wide application range, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production and the treatment of the stored corns in individual workshops such as families and the like. Meanwhile, the treatment method can not only rapidly degrade the aflatoxin B in the stored corn₁The inhibitor has an inhibiting effect on the growth of aspergillus flavus and other aflatoxins, and also has an inhibiting effect on the germination of aspergillus flavus spores;

3) the processing method is suitable for both corn kernels and husked corns, and meanwhile, the corns can be directly stored without being pretreated, so that the processing time from harvesting to storing of the corns is saved, and the production efficiency is improved. The processing method is suitable for storing the corns with various humidity, and can store the dry corns and the fresh corns.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the closed stocker of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of an inflatable pipe network according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas pipe according to the invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the endless conveyor mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a ClO of the present invention₂Aflatoxin B in processed and stored corn₁Graph of degradation efficiency relationship

FIG. 6 shows the chlorine dioxide gas treatment time and aflatoxin B in stored corn according to the present invention₁Graph of degradation efficiency relationship

FIG. 7 shows chlorine dioxide treatment on stored corn with different initial contents and aflatoxins B₁Histogram of degradation efficiency

FIG. 8 is a ClO of the present invention₂For AFB₁Mass spectrum of degraded product

FIG. 9 is a ClO of the present invention₂For AFB₁Structure diagram of degradation product

FIG. 10 shows AFB in corn before and after warehousing in accordance with the present invention₁Bar chart of content variation

FIG. 11 shows ClO in warehouse according to the present invention₂For AFB in corn₁Histogram of degradation efficiency

In the figure, 1, a closed storage cavity, 2, a circulating conveying mechanism, 3, a chlorine dioxide gas conveying mechanism, 4, a chlorine dioxide concentration detection mechanism, 5, an inflation pipe network, 6, an air inlet pipe, 7, an inflation hole, 8, an air delivery pipe, 9, an exhaust pipe, 10, a chlorine dioxide generator, 11, a circulating air pump, 12, valves I and 13 and a valve II.

Detailed Description

In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

AFB₁Degradation rate (%) = (control AFB)₁Content-treatment group AFB₁Content)/control AFB₁The content is x 100%