阅读说明：本技术 一种仿天然橡木重组装饰单板的制造工艺 (Manufacturing process of natural oak-imitated recombined decorative veneer ) 是由 盛娜 施晓宏 沈云芳 赵忠庆 桂成胜 宋满华 陆旭晨 朱海峰 于 2019-09-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种仿天然橡木重组装饰单板的制造工艺,所述仿天然重组装饰单板是以橡木为原材,用改性脲醛树脂胶黏剂对单板进行施胶,经过冷漂软化、浸染、组坯、常温保压养护、刨切等工序制造而成。(The invention relates to a process for manufacturing an artificial natural oak recombined decorative veneer, which is manufactured by using oak as a raw material, gluing the veneer by using a modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, and performing the working procedures of cold bleaching softening, dip dyeing, assembly, pressure maintaining at normal temperature, slicing and the like.)

1. A manufacturing process of an imitated natural oak recombined decorative veneer taking oak as a raw material is characterized in that: the recombined decorative material or veneer is obtained by the following steps:

the preparation method of the modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive comprises the following steps:

sequentially adding 100 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin, 10 ~ 20 parts of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 5 ~ 15 parts of filler and 2 ~ 7 parts of softening agent into a reaction kettle, stirring for 30 ~ 60 min to be uniform, then adding 2 ~ 4 parts of curing agent, and stirring for 10 ~ 30 min to be uniform to obtain the modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive;

secondly, preparing the material by using the adhesive in the step one according to the following steps:

(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) rotationally cutting raw oak into blank single plates with controllable lengths according to natural widths, wherein the widths are 150 ~ 300 mm and 300 mm;

(2) cold bleaching softening, namely performing cold bleaching softening treatment on the veneer in a cold bleaching agent for 30 ~ 120 min at normal temperature;

(3) dip dyeing, namely drying the bleached veneer, controlling the water content of the veneer to be 10 ~ 14%, selecting a dye ratio according to the required material color for dyeing, wherein the dyeing temperature is 94 ~ 98 ℃, and taking the veneer out of a vat after dyeing is finished;

(4) drying and repairing, namely drying the dyed veneer, controlling the water content to be 8 ~ 12%, and repairing the dried veneer according to a corresponding repairing process to remove defects;

(5) assembling: according to different process requirements, assembling single plates randomly according to the required production size;

(6) distributing glue by using the modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive obtained in the step one through a glue spreader, pressing into battens, and maintaining;

(7) and (4) making the prepared battens into wood according to requirements, and then planing and cutting the wood into recombined decorative veneers with required thickness.

2. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein the urea-formaldehyde resin is a cold-set melamine modified urea-formaldehyde resin having a solid content of not less than 60%.

3. The process of claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl acetate emulsion has a solids content of 30% or more.

4. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein the filler is one or more of flour, bentonite, kaolin, montmorillonite, talc and attapulgite.

5. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein the softener is one of glycerol, ethylenediamine, cellulose acetate, glycerol-ethanol, glyceryl thioglycolate.

6. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein the curing agent is one or more of a mixture of an aqueous ammonium chloride solution, an aqueous citric acid solution, an aqueous phosphoric acid solution and an aqueous ammonium sulfate solution.

7. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the bleaching agent in the step (2) comprises the following steps:

the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 25%, the dosage of bleaching auxiliary agent sodium silicate is 0.5 ~ 2%, the bleaching penetrating agent is one of surfactant octanol polyoxyethylene ether and isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether, the dosage is 0.02 ~ 0.05.05%, and the pH value is adjusted to 13 ~ 14 by adopting 30% sodium hydroxide solution.

8. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), when the width of the veneer is narrower than that of the horizontal dyeing cage in the veneer dip dyeing, one more layer can be arranged in the horizontal dyeing cage.

9. The manufacturing process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (5), the single plates are randomly assembled according to different process requirements according to the production required size.

10. The natural oak-like reconstituted decorative veneer prepared according to the process of any one of claims 1 to 1 ~ 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of wood processing, in particular to a manufacturing process of a natural oak-like recombined decorative veneer.

Background

The recombined decorative material is a new-type wooden decorative material with natural precious tree-type wood characteristics (texture, pattern and colour) or other artistic patterns, which is made up by using rotary-cut (or slicing) single board of artificial forest or general tree-type wood as raw material and adopting the techniques of single-board bleaching and dyeing, laminated gluing and compression moulding. According to different purposes, the wood can be processed into recombined decorative sawn timber, recombined decorative sliced timber and recombined decorative veneer. In the manufacturing process of the recombined decorative material, the microstructure and the inherent properties of the wood are not damaged, the natural characteristics of heat insulation, temperature regulation, humidity regulation and the like of the natural wood are completely reserved, the natural defects of the wood such as knots, decay, wormholes and the like are hardly caused, and the recombined decorative material is widely applied to the industries of furniture, decoration and the like.

The research and production of China began in the nineties of the last century, and with the development of science and technology and the continuous improvement of requirements of people on living quality, the requirements of people on the recombined decorative materials or veneers imitating the texture structures of natural wood are increasingly improved, and related patents are continuously reported, such as a method for manufacturing recombined decorative wood with changeable light and shadow by natural wood, which is disclosed as CN101712176A, and a method for manufacturing a decorative veneer by imitating crown science and technology wood, which is disclosed as CN107414970A, and a method for manufacturing recombined decorative wood by drawable wires, which is disclosed as CN 109822693A, solve the problems that a wire drawing machine needs to be modified and grooves consistent with the texture of recombined decorative wood skins cannot be drawn in the prior art, but the recombined decorative wood or veneers with similar wire drawing effects of trees such as natural oak, white cork and the like are not provided in the patent. Conventional fast-growing woods such as poplar, basswood and the like cannot directly manufacture recombined decorative materials or veneers imitating the texture and the texture of natural oak due to the material quality.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems and overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a manufacturing process of an artificial natural oak recombined decorative material or a veneer by using oak as a raw material. The characteristics of hard and thick oak texture, straight texture, coarse structure, light and elegant color, beautiful texture, high mechanical strength and wear resistance are utilized to improve the conventional production process to manufacture the natural-imitation oak recombined decorative material or veneer, thereby solving the problem that the recombined decorative veneer product with obvious gully in a loose layer and no gully in a dense layer can not be manufactured by a wire drawing machine.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a process for manufacturing an artificial natural oak recombined decorative material or veneer by taking oak as a raw material comprises the following steps:

(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) rotationally cutting raw oak into blank single plates with controllable lengths according to natural widths, wherein the widths are 150 ~ 300 mm and 300 mm;

(2) cold bleaching softening, namely performing cold bleaching softening treatment on the veneer in a cold bleaching agent for 30 ~ 120 min at normal temperature;

(3) dip dyeing, namely drying the bleached veneer, controlling the water content of the veneer to be 10 ~ 14%, selecting a dye ratio according to the required material color for dyeing, wherein the dyeing temperature is 94 ~ 98 ℃, and taking the veneer out of a vat after dyeing is finished;

(4) drying and repairing, namely drying the dyed veneer, controlling the water content to be 8 ~ 12%, and repairing the dried veneer according to a corresponding repairing process to remove defects;

(5) assembling: according to different process requirements, assembling single plates randomly according to the required production size;

(6) distributing glue on the assembled veneers by a glue spreader, pressing the veneers into battens, and maintaining the battens;

(7) and (4) making the prepared battens into wood according to requirements, and then planing and cutting the wood into recombined decorative veneers with required thickness.

As a further description of the above scheme, the preparation method of the bleaching agent in the step (2) comprises:

the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 25%, the dosage of bleaching auxiliary agent sodium silicate is 0.5 ~ 2%, the dosage of bleaching penetrating agent is one of surfactant octanol polyoxyethylene ether and isooctanol polyoxyethylene ether, the dosage is 0.02 ~ 0.05.05%, and the pH value is adjusted to 13 ~ 14 by adopting 30% sodium hydroxide solution.

As a further description of the above scheme, in the step (3), when the width of the veneer is narrower than that of the horizontal dyeing cage during veneer dip dyeing, a plurality of layers can be stacked in the horizontal dyeing cage.

As a further description of the above solution, in the step (5), the veneers are assembled randomly according to the required size for production according to different process requirements, so that the lines of the recombined decorative veneers are more natural, and the utilization rate reaches 100%, whereas when the conventional assembly process, namely assembly according to the size specification, is adopted, the utilization rate is only 60 ~ 70%.

As a further description of the above scheme, the glue distributed in the step (6) is a modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive, and glue distribution and batten pressing are performed according to the requirements of the conventional production process, wherein the pressure during batten pressing is reduced by 10 ~ 15% compared with the pressure during the conventional production process.

The preparation method of the modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive comprises the following steps:

adding 100 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin, 10 ~ 20 parts of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 5 ~ 15 parts of filler and 2 ~ 7 parts of softening agent into a reaction kettle in sequence, stirring for 30 ~ 60 min to be uniform, adding 2 ~ 4 parts of curing agent, and stirring for 10 ~ 30 min to be uniform to obtain the modified urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive.

Preferably, the urea-formaldehyde resin is cold-set melamine modified urea-formaldehyde resin with the solid content being more than or equal to 60 percent.

Preferably, the solid content of the polyvinyl acetate emulsion is more than or equal to 30 percent; the polyvinyl acetate emulsion has a synergistic toughening effect, has a good toughening effect on the urea resin adhesive, overcomes the defects that a cutter is damaged when a product is sliced and the sliced product is easy to crack because the adhesive layer of the cold-set urea resin is hard after being solidified, and manufactures a recombined decorative material product with better performance.

Preferably, the filler is one or a mixture of more of flour, bentonite, kaolin, montmorillonite, talcum powder and attapulgite.

Preferably, the softener is one of glycerol, ethylene diamine, cellulose acetate, glycerol-ethanol and glyceryl thioglycollate, the action of the softener is similar to that of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, and as the oak material is hard, if the softener is not used as in the conventional process, the softener has the defects that a cutter is easily damaged during slicing and the product is cracked after slicing, and the problem that the cutter is damaged during slicing and the product is cracked after slicing can be avoided only after the softener is softened.

Preferably, the curing agent is one or a mixture of more of an ammonium chloride aqueous solution, a citric acid aqueous solution, a phosphoric acid aqueous solution and an ammonium sulfate aqueous solution.

As a further description of the above scheme, the thickness of the recombined decorative veneer planed and cut in the step (7) is 0.50 ~ 1.00.00 mm, and because the oak is made of special materials and is thicker than normal, the texture effect of the veneer can achieve the effect that the loose layer has obvious gullies and the dense layer has no obvious gullies, the gullies run along the texture formed by the sparse and dense alternated veneer layers, and the similarity of the texture and the texture of the natural oak reaches more than 95%.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention randomly assembles the veneer according to the required size during assembly, so that the lines of the recombined decorative veneer are more natural, the utilization rate of the veneer is improved to 100% from 60 ~ 70% of the conventional assembly process, and the pressure during cold bleaching softening and batten pressing is reduced by 10 ~ 15% compared with the conventional production process, thereby achieving the purposes of saving cost and reducing energy consumption.

2. The raw material oak adopted by the invention is heavy and hard, two process measures of cold bleaching softening and glue modifying are adopted in the production process, the defects that a cutter is damaged when a veneer is sliced in the slicing process and the sliced product is easy to crack are overcome, and the recombined decorative material product with good performance is manufactured.

3. According to the invention, through the whole production process, the veneer texture effect finally prepared reaches the effect that the ravines of a loose layer are obvious and the ravines of a dense layer are not obvious, the ravines are completely along the texture formed by the sparse and dense veneer layers, and the similarity of the texture and the texture of natural oak reaches over 95%.

Detailed Description

The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows: