阅读说明：本技术 一种发动机润滑系统及发动机 (Engine lubricating system and engine ) 是由 王洪山 傅晓磊 朱杨 魏建强 于 2019-09-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于汽车技术领域,公开了一种发动机润滑系统及发动机。该发动机润滑系统包括发动机油道、曲轴及油底壳,沿曲轴的首端到末端方向在每个曲轴的主轴颈上均套设有一个主轴承瓦,每个主轴承瓦分别连通于发动机油道和油底壳,在位于相邻两个主轴颈之间的曲轴的连杆颈上均套设有一个连杆瓦,连杆瓦的一端连通于与其相邻的且靠近首端的主轴承瓦,另一端连通于油底壳,流经每个主轴承瓦内润滑油的流速均相同。该发动机润滑系统中位于末端主轴瓦内润滑油的阻力与其他主轴瓦内润滑油的阻力相同,用于降低末端主轴瓦和与其相对应的主轴颈之间的摩擦热,从而保证了发动机的可靠性和延长了发动机使用寿命。(The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and discloses an engine lubricating system and an engine. This engine lubrication system includes engine oil way, bent axle and oil pan, all overlap and be equipped with a main bearing tile on the main journal of every bent axle along the head end of bent axle to terminal direction, every main bearing tile communicates respectively in engine oil duct and oil pan, all overlap and be equipped with a connecting rod tile on the connecting rod neck of bent axle that lies in between two adjacent main journals, the one end of connecting rod tile communicates in rather than adjacent and be close to the main bearing tile of head end, the other end communicates in the oil pan, the velocity of flow homogeneous phase of lubricating oil is the same in every main bearing tile of flowing through. The resistance of lubricating oil in the main shaft bushing at the tail end in the engine lubricating system is the same as that of lubricating oil in other main shaft bushings, and the engine lubricating system is used for reducing the friction heat between the main shaft bushing at the tail end and the main shaft neck corresponding to the main shaft bushing, so that the reliability of an engine is ensured, and the service life of the engine is prolonged.)

1. The utility model provides an engine lubrication system, includes engine oil way (1), bent axle and oil pan (2), follows the head end of bent axle is to terminal direction, the bent axle includes a plurality of main journals that the interval set up, and arbitrary adjacent two all be equipped with a connecting rod neck between the main journal, every all the cover is equipped with one main bearing tile (3) on the main journal, every main bearing tile (3) communicate respectively in engine oil way (1) with oil pan (2), every all the cover is equipped with one connecting rod tile (4) on the connecting rod neck, the one end of connecting rod tile (4) communicate in rather than adjacent and be close to the head end main bearing tile (3), the other end communicate in oil pan (2), its characterized in that, flow through every the velocity of flow homogeneous phase of lubricating oil in oil pan (3) is the same.

2. The engine lubrication system according to claim 1, wherein a pressure relief oil passage (5) is formed in the crankshaft, one end of the pressure relief oil passage (5) is communicated with the main bearing shoe (3) at the end, and the other end is communicated with the oil pan (2), wherein the main bearing shoe (3) at the end is the main bearing shoe (3) which is not communicated with the connecting rod shoe (4).

3. Engine lubrication system according to claim 2, characterised in that the volume of the pressure relief oil duct (5) is the same as the volume of the gap between the connecting rod shoe (4) and the connecting rod neck.

4. The engine lubrication system according to claim 3, wherein the inner diameter d and the length L of the pressure relief oil passage (5) satisfy the formula: d²*L＝H*(d²-dw²) (ii) a H is the width of the connecting rod tile (4), d is the inner diameter of the connecting rod tile (4), and dw is the outer diameter of the connecting rod neck.

5. The engine lubrication system according to claim 1, wherein a pressure-reducing oil passage (6) is formed in the crankshaft, and one end of the pressure-reducing oil passage (6) communicates with the main bearing shoe (3) at the end and the other end communicates with the connecting rod shoe (4) adjacent to the main bearing shoe (3) at the end.

6. Engine lubrication system according to claim 5, characterised in that a lubricating oil gallery (7) is provided in the crankshaft, one end of the lubricating oil gallery (7) communicating with the connecting rod shoe (4) and the other end communicating with the main bearing shoe (3) adjacent to the connecting rod shoe (4) and near the head end.

7. The engine lubrication system according to claim 6, wherein the internal diameter of the pressure-reducing oil passage (6) is the same as the internal diameter of the lubricating oil passage (7), and the length of the pressure-reducing oil passage (6) is the same as the length of the lubricating oil passage (7).

8. The engine lubrication system according to claim 1, wherein the main bearing shell (3) comprises an upper main bearing shell (31) and a lower main bearing shell (32), two ends of the upper main bearing shell (31) are respectively abutted against the lower main bearing shell (32) to form a through hole for the main journal of the crankshaft to penetrate, a communication oil passage (8) and an oil groove which are communicated with each other are arranged in the upper main bearing shell (31), the communication oil passage (8) is communicated with the engine oil passage (1), and the oil groove is communicated with the lower main bearing shell (32).

9. Engine lubrication system according to claim 8, characterised in that a through oil channel (9) is provided in the main journal of the crankshaft, said through oil channel (9) communicating with the oil groove and the corresponding main bearing lower shoe (32) and the connecting rod shoe (4) adjacent to the main bearing lower shoe (32) and near the end, respectively.

10. An engine comprising an engine lubrication system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to an engine lubricating system and an engine.

Background

The crankshaft of the engine is a main rotating part in a cylinder body, and the crankshaft receives the up-and-down reciprocating force of the connecting rod and converts the up-and-down reciprocating force into cyclic rotation motion so as to drive other accessories on the engine to work. The crankshaft is provided with two important parts, namely a main journal and a connecting rod journal, the main journal is matched with the main bearing bush, and the connecting rod journal is matched with the connecting rod bush. For a high-power engine with high strengthening and high reliability requirements, the width of a bearing bush is gradually increased while materials of a main shaft bush and a connecting rod bush of the engine are continuously upgraded. With the continuous improvement of the strengthening level of the engine and the gradual increase of the service life, higher requirements are put forward on the reliability and the durability of the moving friction parts such as a main shaft bush, a connecting rod bush and the like of the engine.

As shown in fig. 1, if two link shoes installed on the same link diameter are defined as one link shoe according to the structural characteristics of the V-type engine itself, the number of main shaft shoes is one more than the number of link shoes. The main bearing upper bush of the engine is communicated with a main (auxiliary) oil duct of the engine through an internal oil duct, an oil groove is designed on the main bearing upper bush, a through oil duct is arranged in a main journal of the crankshaft, so that the main bearing lower bush of the engine is communicated with the oil duct of the main bearing upper bush in real time to achieve the purposes of lubrication and cooling, and then lubricating oil passing through the main bearing lower bush flows out from a gap between the crankshaft and the main bearing lower bush and flows back into an oil pan. Simultaneously, for providing lubricating oil for the connecting rod tile and cooling and lubricating, set up the lubricating oil duct in the bent axle, the lubricating oil duct communicates in the oil duct that link bush and main bearing are gone up, are linked up the intercommunication between the main bearing lower shoe in the connecting rod tile, and the lubricating oil through the connecting rod tile flows out in the clearance between connecting rod neck and the connecting rod tile, flows into the oil pan.

The flow rate of the lubricating oil flowing into the upper shell of the main bearing is determined by the sum of the minimum clearance of the flow passage, i.e. the clearance between the lower shell of the main bearing and the main journal and the clearance between the connecting rod shell and the crankshaft journal. However, for the main bearing upper shoe and the main bearing lower shoe at the tail end, because the lubricating requirements of the corresponding connecting rod shoe are not met, and a corresponding lubricating oil channel is not arranged, the gap between the main bearing lower shoe at the tail end and the main journal of the crankshaft determines the flow rate of lubricating oil, so that the resistance of the lubricating oil is large, and the flow rate of the lubricating oil at the main bearing lower shoe at the tail end is reduced sharply compared with that at other main bearing lower shoes. Along with the increase of the strengthening degree and the enhancement of the power density of the engine, the friction heat generated by the upper bearing bush at the tail end and the lower bearing bush at the tail end is also increased, the temperature rise caused by the friction heat is obviously higher than that of the lower bearing bushes of other main bearings, lubricating oil aging is easy to occur, adhesion faults are caused, and the reliability of the engine is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an engine lubricating system and an engine, which can reduce the resistance of lubricating oil in a tail end main bearing bush, enhance the cooling and lubricating effects of the tail end main bearing bush and improve the reliability of the engine.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an engine lubrication system, includes engine oil way, bent axle and oil pan, follows the head end of bent axle is to terminal direction, the bent axle includes a plurality of main journals that the interval set up, and arbitrary adjacent two all be equipped with a connecting rod neck between the main journal, every all overlap on the main journal and be equipped with a main bearing tile, every the main bearing tile communicate respectively in engine oil way with the oil pan is every all overlap on the connecting rod neck and be equipped with a connecting rod tile, the one end of connecting rod tile communicate in rather than adjacent and be close to the head end the main bearing tile, the other end communicate in the oil pan flows through every the velocity of flow homogeneous phase of lubricating oil in the main bearing tile is the same.

Preferably, a pressure relief oil passage is formed in the crankshaft, one end of the pressure relief oil passage is communicated with the main bearing bush located at the tail end, and the other end of the pressure relief oil passage is communicated with the oil pan, wherein the main bearing bush located at the tail end is the main bearing bush which is not communicated with the connecting rod bush.

Preferably, the volume of the pressure relief oil passage is the same as the volume of a gap between the connecting rod shoe and the connecting rod neck.

Preferably, the inner diameter d and the length L of the pressure relief oil passage satisfy the following formula: d²*L＝H*(d²-dw²) (ii) a Wherein H is the width of the connecting rod tile, d is the inner diameter of the connecting rod tile, dwIs the outer diameter of the connecting rod neck.

Preferably, a pressure reducing oil passage is formed in the crankshaft, one end of the pressure reducing oil passage is communicated with the main bearing bush at the tail end, and the other end of the pressure reducing oil passage is communicated with the connecting rod bush adjacent to the main bearing bush at the tail end.

Preferably, a lubricating oil passage is formed in the crankshaft, one end of the lubricating oil passage is communicated with the connecting rod shoe, and the other end of the lubricating oil passage is communicated with the main bearing shoe which is adjacent to the connecting rod shoe and is close to the head end.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the pressure reducing oil passage is the same as that of the lubricating oil passage, and the length of the pressure reducing oil passage is equal to that of the lubricating oil passage.

Preferably, the main bearing bush comprises an upper main bearing bush and a lower main bearing bush, two ends of the upper main bearing bush are respectively abutted to the lower main bearing bush to form a through hole, the through hole is used for the main journal of the crankshaft to penetrate, a communicating oil passage and an oil groove which are mutually communicated are arranged in the upper main bearing bush, the communicating oil passage is communicated with the oil passage of the engine, and the oil groove is communicated with the lower main bearing bush.

Preferably, a through oil passage is formed in the main journal of the crankshaft, and the through oil passage is respectively communicated with the oil groove, the corresponding main bearing lower shoe and the connecting rod shoe adjacent to the main bearing lower shoe and close to the tail end.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention also discloses an engine comprising the engine lubricating system.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the engine lubricating system provided by the invention, the flow velocity of the lubricating oil flowing through each main bearing bush is the same, so that the resistance of the lubricating oil in the end main bearing bush is the same as that of the lubricating oil in other main bearing bushes, and the engine lubricating system is used for reducing the friction heat between the end main bearing bush and the corresponding main journal so as to avoid lubricating oil aging and adhesion faults caused by the fact that the friction heat generated by the end main bearing bush is higher than that generated by other main bearing bushes, thereby ensuring the reliability of an engine and prolonging the service life of the engine.

The invention also provides an engine which comprises the engine lubricating system, and the engine can reduce the resistance of lubricating oil in the tail end main bearing bush, reduce the aging condition of the lubricating oil and enhance the cooling and lubricating effects of the tail end main bearing bush, thereby improving the reliability of the engine.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a prior art engine lubrication system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one form of the engine lubrication system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a pressure relief gallery in the engine lubrication system of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another form of the engine lubrication system of the present invention.

In the figure:

1. an engine oil passage; 2. an oil pan; 3. a main bearing shell; 4. a connecting rod tile; 5. a pressure relief oil passage; 6. a pressure reducing oil duct; 7. a lubricating oil passage; 8. the oil duct is communicated; 9. a through oil passage;

31. the main bearing is upper-bearing; 32. and a main bearing lower tile.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.

The embodiment provides an engine lubricating system which is mainly suitable for lubricating and cooling an engine crankshaft. As shown in fig. 2, the engine lubricating system includes an engine oil passage 1, a crankshaft, and an oil pan 2, where the engine oil passage 1 may be specifically an engine main oil passage or an engine auxiliary oil passage for supplying lubricating oil. A plurality of main journals and a plurality of connecting rods are arranged on the crankshaft along the direction from the head end to the tail end of the crankshaft, a connecting rod journal is arranged between every two adjacent main journals, and the connecting rod journals are in transmission connection with the connecting rods and used for bearing the up-and-down reciprocating acting force of the connecting rods and converting the up-and-down reciprocating acting force into circulating rotation motion so as to drive other accessories on the engine to work.

A main bearing bush 3 is sleeved on a main journal of each crankshaft along the direction from the head end to the tail end of the crankshaft, and each main bearing bush 3 is respectively communicated with the engine oil duct 1 and the oil pan 2, so that lubricating oil flowing out of the engine oil duct 1 enters the engine main bearing bush 3, and then the lubricating oil flows out of a gap between the main bearing bush 3 and the main journal and flows back to the oil pan 2. All the cover is equipped with a connecting rod tile 4 on being located the connecting rod neck of the bent axle between two adjacent main journals, in order to provide lubricating oil for connecting rod tile 4 and cool off and lubricate, communicate the one end of connecting rod tile 4 in rather than adjacent and be close to the main bearing tile 3 of head end, the other end communicates in oil pan 2 for in the lubricating oil that flows out from main bearing tile 3 gets into connecting rod tile 4, then the lubricating oil through connecting rod tile 4 flows out in the clearance between connecting rod neck and the connecting rod tile 4, flows into oil pan 2.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the main bearing shell 3 specifically includes an upper main bearing shell 31 and a lower main bearing shell 32, two ends of the upper main bearing shell 31 respectively abut against the lower main bearing shell 32 to form a through hole, the through hole is used for a main journal of the crankshaft to penetrate, a communication oil passage 8 and an oil groove which are mutually communicated are arranged in the upper main bearing shell 31, the communication oil passage 8 is communicated with the engine oil passage 1, and the oil groove is communicated with the lower main bearing shell 32. Optionally, a through oil passage 9 is formed in the main journal of the crankshaft, and the through oil passage 9 is respectively communicated with the main bearing lower shoe 32 and the oil groove corresponding to the main bearing lower shoe, and the connecting rod shoe 4 adjacent to the main bearing lower shoe 32 and close to the tail end. Meanwhile, a lubricating oil channel 7 is formed in the crankshaft, one end of the lubricating oil channel 7 is communicated with the connecting rod bush 4, and the other end of the lubricating oil channel 7 is communicated with a main bearing bush 3 which is adjacent to the connecting rod bush 4 and is close to the head end.

For the non-terminal main bearing bush 3, the lubricating oil flowing out from the engine oil passage 1 enters the main bearing upper bush 31 of the engine main bearing bush 3 through the communicating oil passage 8, the lubricating oil flowing out from the oil groove of the main bearing upper bush 31 enters the through oil passage 9 of the main journal, then the lubricating oil flows out from the gap between the main bearing lower bush 32 and the main journal of the main bearing bush 3 and flows back into the oil pan 2, meanwhile, the through oil passage 9 and the lubricating oil passage 7 in the crankshaft are communicated with each other, so that the lubricating oil in the through oil passage 9 of the main journal enters the connecting rod bush 4 adjacent to the main bearing bush 3 through the lubricating oil passage 7, and then the lubricating oil passing through the connecting rod bush 4 flows out from the gap between the connecting rod journal and the connecting rod bush 4 and flows into the oil pan 2.

For the main bearing shell 3 located at the end of the crankshaft, there is only a process in which the lubricating oil flowing out from the engine oil gallery 1 enters the engine main bearing shell 3 and flows back into the oil pan 2 from the gap between the main bearing shell 3 and the main journal. Because the corresponding connecting rod bush 4 is not arranged behind the bearing bush, the corresponding lubricating oil channel 7 is not arranged to meet the lubricating requirement of the corresponding connecting rod bush 4, and the lubricating oil resistance in the main bearing bush 3 at the tail end is larger.

In order to solve the problem, in the engine lubricating system provided in this embodiment, the flow rates of the lubricating oil flowing through each main bearing shoe 3 are set to be the same, so that the resistance of the lubricating oil in the end main bearing shoe 3 is the same as the resistance of the lubricating oil in the other main bearing shoes 3, and the engine lubricating system is used for reducing the frictional heat between the end main bearing shoe 3 and the main journal corresponding to the end main bearing shoe 3, so as to avoid the lubricating oil aging and adhesion failure caused by the frictional heat generated by the end main bearing shoe 3 being higher than the frictional heat generated by the other main bearing shoes 3, thereby ensuring the reliability of the engine and prolonging the service life of the engine.

In order to realize that the flow rate of the lubricating oil in the main bearing bush 3 at the tail end is the same as that of the lubricating oil in other main bearing bushes 3, as shown in fig. 2, a pressure relief oil passage 5 is formed in the crankshaft, one end of the pressure relief oil passage 5 is communicated with the main bearing bush 3 at the tail end, and the other end of the pressure relief oil passage is communicated with the oil pan 2. The main bearing shell 3 at the end is specifically the main bearing shell 3 which is not communicated with the connecting rod shell 4. Through structural improvement on the crankshaft, the channel system resistance of the tail end main bearing bush 3 is reduced, the circulation speed of lubricating oil is improved, and the cooling and lubricating effects of the main bearing lower bush 32 of the main bearing bush 3 are enhanced.

Further, the volume of the pressure relief oil passage 5 is the same as the volume of the gap between the connecting rod bush 4 and the connecting rod neck, and the resistance of the channel system of other main bearing bushes 3 is adjusted to be consistent. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the inner diameter d and the length L of the pressure relief oil passage 5 satisfy the formula: d²*L＝H*(d²-dw²). Wherein H is the width of the connecting rod shoe 4, d is the inner diameter of the connecting rod shoe 4, and dw is the outer diameter of the connecting rod neck. According to the width of the connecting rod bush 4, the inner diameter of the connecting rod bush 4 and the outer diameter of the connecting rod neck, the inner diameter d and the length L of the pressure relief oil duct 5 are correspondingly adjusted, and therefore the function of reducing the resistance of a channel system of the tail end main bearing bush 3 is achieved by arranging the pressure relief oil duct 5.

According to the actual structure of the crankshaft, the size of the pressure relief oil passage 5 needs to be calculated precisely, and the situation that the pressure relief oil passage 5 is difficult to process easily exists, and in order to solve the problem, the following method can be adopted to achieve the effect that the flow rate of the lubricating oil in the tail end main bearing bush 3 is the same as that of the lubricating oil in other main bearing bushes 3. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, a pressure-reducing oil passage 6 is formed in the crankshaft, and one end of the pressure-reducing oil passage 6 is communicated with the main bearing shoe 3 located at the end, and the other end is communicated with the connecting rod shoe 4 adjacent to the main bearing shoe 3 located at the end. Through setting up step-down oil duct 6, will be located terminal main bearing tile 3 and rather than adjacent and be close to the connecting rod tile 4 of head end and be linked together, played the effect that reduces terminal main bearing tile 3 channel system resistance.

Because the flow rate of the lubricating oil of the non-end main bearing shell 3 is determined by the clearance between the main bearing lower shell 32 and the main journal of the main bearing shell 3 and the clearance between the connecting rod shell 4 and the connecting rod journal, under the condition that the flow rate of the lubricating oil in the end main bearing shell 3 is determined by the clearance between the main bearing lower shell 32 and the main journal of the main bearing shell 3 only, in order to ensure that the flow rate of the lubricating oil in the end main bearing shell 3 is the same as the flow rate of the lubricating oil in other main bearing shells 3, the size of the pressure reducing oil duct 6 is the same as that of the lubricating oil duct 7, namely, the inner diameter of the pressure reducing oil duct 6 is the same as that of the lubricating oil duct 7, and the length of the pressure.

It is understood that the main bearing shoe 3 not provided in communication with the link shoe 4 may not be limited to only the main bearing shoe 3 located at the end, and the number of the main bearing shoes 3 may be at least one. No matter the number of the main bearing tiles 3 is, the main bearing tiles 3 can be communicated with the oil pan 2 through the pressure relief oil passage 5, or the main bearing tiles 3 are communicated with the connecting rod tiles 4 adjacent to the main bearing tiles and close to the head ends through the pressure reduction oil passage 6, so that the purpose of the same flow velocity of hydraulic oil in each main bearing tile 3 is achieved, the heat load and the frictional wear are reduced, and better cooling and lubricating effects are achieved.

The embodiment also provides an engine comprising the engine lubricating system, and the engine can reduce the resistance of lubricating oil in the end main bearing bush 3, reduce the aging of the lubricating oil, and enhance the cooling and lubricating effects of the end main bearing bush 3, thereby improving the reliability of the engine.

In the description herein, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "right", and the like are based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings and are used for convenience in description and simplicity in operation, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be constructed in a particular operation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have any special meaning.

In the description herein, references to the description of "an embodiment," "an example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

In addition, the foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.