阅读说明：本技术 用于大倾角煤层伪俯斜工作面的重心自平衡异形液压支架 (Gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support for pseudo-pitching inclined working face of large-inclination-angle coal seam ) 是由 伍永平 杨玉冰 闫壮壮 孙明明 曹建利 于 2021-08-19 设计创作，主要内容包括：用于大倾角煤层伪俯斜工作面的重心自平衡异形液压支架包括顶梁、掩护梁、尾梁、底座、立柱和前连杆,顶梁与底座上下相对设置并通过立柱支撑连接,立柱的两端分别与顶梁和底座铰接；前连杆靠近设置在尾梁的内侧且位于立柱与尾梁之间,前连杆的底端与底座的尾部铰接,前连杆的顶端与掩护梁的尾部铰接,掩护梁、尾梁、底座和前连杆共同构成四连杆机构；顶梁的左右两侧分别铰接有顶梁侧护板,掩护梁的左右两侧分别铰接有掩护梁侧护板,顶梁的下方设有支起或回收顶梁侧护板的伸缩液压缸,掩护梁的下方也设有支起或回收所述掩护梁侧护板的伸缩液压缸。本发明的四连杆机构,提高了整体支护的稳定性；且有效改善大倾角煤层液压支架倾倒问题。(The gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support for the pseudo-pitching inclined working face of the large-inclination coal seam comprises a top beam, a shield beam, a tail beam, a base, an upright post and a front connecting rod, wherein the top beam and the base are arranged oppositely up and down and are connected through the upright post in a supporting manner, and two ends of the upright post are respectively hinged with the top beam and the base; the front connecting rod is arranged close to the inner side of the tail beam and positioned between the upright post and the tail beam, the bottom end of the front connecting rod is hinged with the tail part of the base, the top end of the front connecting rod is hinged with the tail part of the shield beam, and the shield beam, the tail beam, the base and the front connecting rod form a four-bar mechanism together; the left side and the right side of the top beam are respectively hinged with a top beam side guard plate, the left side and the right side of the shield beam are respectively hinged with a shield beam side guard plate, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder for supporting or recovering the top beam side guard plate is arranged below the top beam, and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder for supporting or recovering the shield beam side guard plate is also arranged below the shield beam. The four-bar linkage mechanism improves the stability of the integral support; and effectively improve the problem that the large-dip-angle coal seam hydraulic support topples over.)

1. The utility model provides a focus self-balancing dysmorphism hydraulic support that is used for pseudo-oblique working face of bowing of big inclination coal seam which characterized in that, includes back timber, shielding roof beam, tail boom, base, stand and front connecting rod, wherein:

the top beam and the base are arranged oppositely up and down and are connected through the upright post in a supporting manner, and two ends of the upright post are respectively hinged with the top beam and the base;

the shield beam is obliquely arranged relative to the top beam, the front end of the top beam is a free end, the rear end of the top beam is hinged with the front end of the shield beam, the rear end of the shield beam is hinged with the top end of the tail beam, the bottom end of the tail beam is hinged with the rear end of the base, the front connecting rod is arranged close to the inner side of the tail beam and is positioned between the upright post and the tail beam, the bottom end of the front connecting rod is hinged with the tail of the base, the top end of the front connecting rod is hinged with the tail of the shield beam, and the shield beam, the tail beam, the base and the front connecting rod jointly form a four-bar mechanism;

the left and right sides of back timber articulates respectively has the back timber side guard plate, the left and right sides of screen roof beam articulates respectively has the screen roof beam side guard plate, the below of back timber is equipped with to prop up or retrieves the flexible pneumatic cylinder of back timber side guard plate, the below of screen roof beam also is equipped with to prop up or retrieves the flexible pneumatic cylinder of screen roof beam side guard plate.

2. The gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support for the pseudo-pitching working surface of the high-inclination coal seam according to claim 1, wherein base side edges are respectively erected on the left side and the right side of the base, the tail portion of the base is hinged to the bottom end of the front connecting rod through the base side edges, and the hinged position of the base and the front connecting rod relative to the plane of the base is higher than the hinged position of the base and the tail beam.

3. The gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support for the pseudo-pitching working surface of the high-inclination-angle coal seam according to claim 2 is characterized in that the overall structure of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support inclines by an angle phi along a lateral inclination angle phi, namely when the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is supported on the working surface, the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support inclines to a return airway in the inclination direction of the working surface by the angle phi, the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is observed from a coal wall direction to a goaf direction, at the moment, an included angle between a stand column and a top beam and a base is 90-phi, wherein the lower limit of the angle phi is 0 DEG, and the upper limit is a critical angle of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support which is stable and cannot fall down when the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is placed on a plane.

4. The hydraulic support of claim 3, wherein each of the hinged parts between the top beam and the shield beam, between the shield beam and the tail beam, between the tail beam and the base, and between the front connecting rod and the shield beam and the base has a rotation axis, and the axes of all the rotation axes are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the plane of the top beam side guard plate and the shield beam side guard plate in the non-erected state.

5. The gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support for the pseudo-pitched working surface of a coal seam with a large inclination angle of claim 4, is characterized in that when the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is supported on the working surface, the top beam side protection plate and the shield beam side protection plate are in an unsupported state, the base side is inclined at an angle phi, the top beam side protection plate on the return airway side is longer than the top beam side protection plate on the transportation airway side, and the base side on the transportation airway side is higher than the base side on the return airway side.

6. The special-shaped hydraulic support for the pseudo-pitching working face of the high-dip-angle coal seam is characterized in that the top beam, the shield beam and the base are in the shape of parallelograms, the three parallelograms are equal in width and same in vertex angle, the angles of the four vertex angles of the parallelograms are lambda, 180-lambda, lambda and 180-lambda respectively, the lambda keeps consistent with the trend included angle gamma, and gamma is the included angle of the pseudo-pitching working face and the trend.

7. The gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support for the pseudo-plane of the declined coal seam according to claim 1, wherein when a plurality of gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic supports are sequentially arranged along the pseudo-plane for supporting, all the upright columns are arranged on a straight line, and the straight line is parallel to the front end of the base.

8. The gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support for the pseudo-pitching working surface of the large-inclination coal seam according to claim 7, wherein the upright columns are all obliquely arranged towards the front end of the base, and the included angle between the oblique upright columns and the vertical direction is within the range of 5-15 degrees.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic support design, in particular to a gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support for a pseudo-dip inclined working surface of a large-dip-angle coal seam.

Background

The large-dip-angle coal seam is a coal seam with a buried dip angle of 35-55 degrees, is a coal seam which is accepted by the mining industry at home and abroad and is difficult to mine, and the mining of the coal seam has important significance for promoting the economic development of China. When the traditional strike longwall mining method which is obliquely arranged along the coal seam and propelled along the strike is adopted, because the coal seam inclination angle is large, under the action of the inclined component force of the self gravity of the working face roof, the support and the equipment, the support cannot be stabilized on the working face, so that the support slides downwards and topples over, the equipment is damaged, the production progress is influenced, and the roof management difficulty is increased. When the false-depression-inclination mining method is adopted, although the inclination angle of the working face is effectively slowed down and the threat of caving flying gangue is reduced, the instability problems of support swing, slip or toppling and the like are not thoroughly solved because the false-depression-inclination working face has a false inclination angle and the support stress is different from that of a mining support of a true-inclination working face.

Because theory and design research are less, in order to adapt to the requirement of large-inclination coal seam mining on support stability, the existing large-inclination fully-mechanized mining support is obtained by local transformation on the basis of a gentle-inclination mining support, the problem of stability of a hydraulic support is solved fundamentally, the structure of the hydraulic support is improved aiming at the environmental characteristics of a pseudo-inclination working face of the large-inclination coal seam, a novel hydraulic support which is different from the traditional support form is designed, and the novel hydraulic support can be kept stable in a pseudo-inclination stope with a large inclination by utilizing the structural characteristics of the novel hydraulic support.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the technical scheme, the invention provides a gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support for a pseudo-oblique working surface of a large-inclination coal seam, and aims to solve the technical problems of instability of support swing, slipping or toppling and the like in the prior art due to the fact that a pseudo-oblique angle exists on the pseudo-oblique working surface, the support is stressed differently from a mining support of a true-oblique working surface.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support for a pseudo-dip working surface of a large-dip coal seam, which comprises a top beam, a shield beam, a tail beam, a base, a stand column and a front connecting rod, wherein:

the top beam and the base are arranged oppositely up and down and are connected through the upright post in a supporting manner, and two ends of the upright post are respectively hinged with the top beam and the base;

the shield beam is obliquely arranged relative to the top beam, the front end of the top beam is a free end, the rear end of the top beam is hinged with the front end of the shield beam, the rear end of the shield beam is hinged with the top end of the tail beam, the bottom end of the tail beam is hinged with the rear end of the base, the front connecting rod is arranged close to the inner side of the tail beam and is positioned between the upright post and the tail beam, the bottom end of the front connecting rod is hinged with the tail of the base, the top end of the front connecting rod is hinged with the tail of the shield beam, and the shield beam, the tail beam, the base and the front connecting rod jointly form a four-bar mechanism;

the left and right sides of back timber articulates respectively has the back timber side guard plate, the left and right sides of screen roof beam articulates respectively has the screen roof beam side guard plate, the below of back timber is equipped with to prop up or retrieves the flexible pneumatic cylinder of back timber side guard plate, the below of screen roof beam also is equipped with to prop up or retrieves the flexible pneumatic cylinder of screen roof beam side guard plate.

As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the left side and the right side of the base are respectively provided with a base side edge in a vertical mode, the tail part of the base is hinged with the bottom end of the front connecting rod through the base side edges, and the hinged position of the base and the front connecting rod relative to the plane of the base is higher than the hinged position of the base and the tail beam.

As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the integral structure of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is inclined along a lateral inclination angle phi, namely when the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is supported on a working surface, the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is inclined towards a return airway in the inclination direction of the working surface by the inclination angle phi, the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is observed from the coal wall direction to the goaf direction, at the moment, the included angle between the upright post, the top beam and the base is 90-phi, wherein the lower limit of the angle phi is 0 DEG, and the upper limit is a critical angle at which the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is stable and does not fall when placed on a plane.

As a further preferable technical solution of the present invention, each of the hinge parts between the roof beam and the shield beam, between the shield beam and the tail beam, between the tail beam and the base, and between the front connecting rod and the shield beam and the base has a rotating shaft, and the axes of all the rotating shafts are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the plane where the roof beam side guard plate and the shield beam side guard plate are located in the non-erected state.

As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, when the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support supports on a working face, the top beam side protection plate and the shield beam side protection plate are in an unsupported state, the side edge of the base is inclined at an angle phi, the top beam side protection plate on the return airway side is longer than the top beam side protection plate on the transport airway side, and the side edge of the base on the transport airway side is higher than the side edge of the base on the return airway side.

As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the shapes of the top beam, the shield beam and the base are all parallelograms, the three parallelograms have equal width and same vertex angle, the angles of the four vertex angles of the parallelograms are lambda, 180-lambda, lambda and 180-lambda respectively, the lambda keeps consistent with the trend included angle gamma, wherein gamma is the included angle of the pseudo-inclined working surface and the trend.

As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, when a plurality of gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic supports are sequentially arranged along a pseudo-inclined working surface for supporting, all the upright posts are arranged on a straight line, and the straight line is parallel to the front end of the base.

The gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support for the pseudo-pitching inclined working surface of the large-inclination-angle coal seam, disclosed by the invention, can achieve the following beneficial effects by adopting the technical scheme:

1) the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support comprises a support main body consisting of top beams, a base and stand columns, wherein the top beams and the base are arranged up and down, the stand columns are connected through supports, a shield beam and a tail beam are shielded at the rear side, and the shield beam, the tail beam, the base and a front connecting rod jointly form a four-connecting-rod mechanism, so that the stability of the integral support is improved;

2) according to the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support, the integral structure is changed, the support deviates a certain angle in the inclination direction of the working face, the integral gravity center of the support moves upwards when the long-wall pseudo-depression inclined working face of the large-inclination coal seam is supported, the action of the gravity moment of the support is reduced, the stability of the support is improved, and the problem that the large-inclination coal seam hydraulic support topples can be effectively solved;

3) according to the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support, the top beam is more fit with the pseudo-depression inclined working surface, the problems of waste rock leakage, coal wall caving and the like in front of the support can be prevented, and the safety of workers is guaranteed.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the center of gravity self-balancing contoured hydraulic mount of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a reference diagram of the use state of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support;

FIG. 4 is a partial view of section B-B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the center of gravity self-balancing contoured hydraulic mount of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 5.

In the figure: 1-top beam, 2-shield beam, 3-tail beam, 4-base, 5-upright column, 6-front connecting rod, 7-base side edge, 8-side guard plate, 9-top beam side guard plate, 10-shield beam side guard plate, 11-top beam-shield beam rotation axis schematic line, 12-shield beam-front connecting rod rotation axis schematic line, 13-shield beam-tail beam rotation axis schematic line, 14-front connecting rod-base rotation axis schematic line, 15-tail beam-base rotation axis schematic line, 16-telescopic hydraulic cylinder, 17-coal wall, 18-haulage roadway, 19-return airway, 20-goaf.

The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the preferred embodiments, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "a" are used for clarity of description only, and are not used to limit the scope of the invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not changed or modified substantially without changing the technical content of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the invention provides a gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support for a pseudo-pitching working surface of a large-dip-angle coal seam, which comprises a top beam 1, a shield beam 2, a tail beam 3, a base 4, an upright post 5 and a front connecting rod 6, wherein:

the top beam 1 and the base 4 are arranged oppositely up and down and are in supporting connection through the upright post 5, and two ends of the upright post 5 are respectively hinged with the top beam 1 and the base 4;

the shield beam 2 is obliquely arranged relative to the top beam 1, the front end of the top beam 1 is a free end, the rear end of the top beam 1 is hinged with the front end of the shield beam 2, the rear end of the shield beam 2 is hinged with the top end of the tail beam 3, the bottom end of the tail beam 3 is hinged with the rear end of the base 4, the front connecting rod 6 is arranged close to the inner side of the tail beam 3 and is positioned between the upright post 5 and the tail beam 3, the bottom end of the front connecting rod 6 is hinged with the tail of the base 4, the top end of the front connecting rod 6 is hinged with the tail of the shield beam 2, and the shield beam 2, the tail beam 3, the base 4 and the front connecting rod 6 jointly form a four-bar mechanism;

the left side and the right side of the top beam 1 are respectively hinged with a top beam side protection plate 9, the front end of the top beam 1 is provided with a side protection plate 8, the left side and the right side of the shield beam 2 are respectively hinged with a shield beam side protection plate 10, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 16 for supporting or recovering the top beam side protection plate 9 is arranged below the top beam 1, and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 16 for supporting or recovering the shield beam side protection plate 10 is also arranged below the shield beam 2.

In specific implementation, the left side and the right side of the base 4 are respectively provided with a base side 7 in an upright manner, the tail part of the base 4 is hinged with the bottom end of the front connecting rod 6 through the base side 7, and the hinged position of the base 4 and the front connecting rod 6 is higher than the hinged position of the base 4 and the tail beam 3 relative to the plane of the base 4.

Referring to fig. 2, the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support of the invention has an integral structure inclined along the lateral direction by an angle phi.

Referring to fig. 3, MN is a pseudo-depression slope working surface, MN length is a slope length of the pseudo-slope working surface, and angle MNO is a pseudo-slope angle, which is marked as β; MP is a true inclined working face, the length of MP is the length of the true inclined working face, angle MPO is the true inclination angle and is recorded as alpha, the PM direction is the inclined direction of the working face, the left side in the figure is a coal wall 17, the right side is a goaf 20, a section return airway 19 is arranged on the upper side of the false inclined working face, a section is arranged at a distance from the return airway 19 on the lower side and is a transportation airway 18, and the direction of the marked arrow is the direction advancing direction of the working face. Wherein γ is an angle between the pseudo-inclined working surface and the trend, also called the trend angle. In fig. 3, a plurality of gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic supports are sequentially arranged along the MN to realize support.

Referring to fig. 4, when the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support supports on the working face, the overall structure of the hydraulic support inclines by an angle phi towards the return airway 19 side in the inclination direction of the working face, namely, the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is observed from the direction of the coal wall 17 to the direction of the gob 20, and the included angle between the upright post 5 and the top beam 1 and the base 4 is 90-phi. In order to ensure the stability of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support, the lower limit of the phi angle is 0 degrees, and the upper limit is the critical angle of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support which is stable and cannot fall when placed on a plane. The critical angle is set to phi_maxThe gravity center height of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is h, the width of the support is L, the support consists of n parts, and the mass of each part is m_i(i ═ 1, 2, …, n), then:

wherein

Therefore, by combining the formula, the angle range of phi is obtained according to the specific structural size of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support and the mass of each component part, wherein the angle range of phi is more than 0 degrees and less than or equal to phi_max。

Compared with a common support, the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support has the advantages that the overall gravity center position of the support is shifted due to the change and the shift of the overall structure of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support, when the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is used for supporting a long-wall false pitch-down inclined working face of a large-inclination-angle coal seam, the gravity center of the support is shifted upwards, namely, the support is shifted to the air return lane 19 side, the effect of moment generated by the gravity of the support on toppling of the support can be reduced, the stability of the support is enhanced, and the support is prevented from slipping backwards.

Meanwhile, referring to fig. 2 and 4, in order to ensure that the normal lifting function of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is not hindered and affected, when the top beam side protection plate 9 and the shield beam side protection plate 10 of the support are in an unsupported state, the base side edge 7 is inclined at an angle phi, the top beam side protection plate 9 on the return airway 19 side is longer than the top beam side protection plate 9 on the transport airway 18 side, the base side edge 7 on the transport airway 18 side is higher than the base side edge 7 on the return airway 19 side, so that the axes of five rotating shafts of the support (a rotating shaft between the top beam 1 and the shield beam 2, a rotating shaft between the shield beam 2 and the tail beam 3, a rotating shaft between the tail beam 3 and the base 4, a rotating shaft between the front connecting rod 6 and the shield beam 2, and a rotating shaft between the front connecting rod 6 and the base 4) are parallel to each other and are perpendicular to the plane where the top beam side protection plate 9 and the shield beam side protection plate 10 are in the unsupported state, the schematic line 11 of the rotation axis of the top beam-shield beam 2, the schematic line 12 of the rotation axis of the shield beam-front connecting rod 6, the schematic line 13 of the rotation axis of the shield beam-tail beam 3, the schematic line 14 of the rotation axis of the front connecting rod-base, and the schematic line 15 of the rotation axis of the tail beam-base are shown in fig. 2 and 4.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the left side and the right side of the top beam 1 are respectively hinged with a top beam side guard plate 9, the left side and the right side of the shield beam 2 are respectively hinged with a shield beam side guard plate 10, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 16 for supporting or recovering the top beam side guard plate 9 is arranged below the top beam 1, and a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 16 for supporting or recovering the shield beam side guard plate 10 is also arranged below the shield beam 2. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder 16 is used for controlling the top beam side guard plate 9 and the shield beam side guard plate 10 to prop up and withdraw, the inclination angles of the top beam side guard plate 9 and the shield beam side guard plate 10 can be guaranteed, when a working face is supported by a plurality of gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic supports, the adaptability of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic supports to adjacent gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic supports can be greatly improved, and the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic supports are favorable for supporting the working face.

When a plurality of gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic supports are sequentially arranged along a pseudo-inclined working surface for supporting, all the upright posts 5 are arranged on a straight line, and the straight line is parallel to the front end of the base 4. In addition, the upright columns 5 are inclined towards the front end of the base 4 by a certain angle, and after the upright columns 5 are inclined, the included angle between the upright columns 5 and the vertical direction is controlled within the range of 5-15 degrees, so that a small space is formed between the upright columns 5 and the shield beam 2, and a channel can be formed when a plurality of gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic supports are orderly arranged in sequence and can be used for operators to walk and move. In addition, the arrangement mode of the upright columns 5 can ensure that the tail part of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is not easy to tilt, the load of the top beam 1 is uniformly distributed, and the stability of the support is improved.

Referring to fig. 6, the shapes of the top beam 1, the shield beam 2 and the base 4 are all parallelograms, the three parallelograms have equal width and same vertex angle, the angles of the four vertex angles of the parallelograms are lambda, 180-lambda, lambda and 180-lambda respectively, and the included angle gamma between the lambda and the trend is kept consistent. The top beam 1 adopts a parallelogram structure, can completely support the coal wall 17 and the top plate of the working face in a matching way, avoids the coal wall 17 and the top plate from being exposed in a hanging way, and effectively prevents roof collapse in front of the frame and the rib spalling of the coal wall 17. The shield beam 2 adopts a parallelogram structure, so that the occurrence of frame biting accidents between adjacent gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic supports can be prevented.

When the hydraulic support is used for supporting, the supports are sequentially moved upwards from the lower part of the pseudo-depression inclined working face MN, so that the backward slipping of the gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is prevented. In addition, the height difference of the top beam 1 of the adjacent gravity center self-balancing special-shaped hydraulic support is strictly controlled, and the height difference does not exceed one third of the height of the top beam 1 so as to prevent the occurrence of frame biting or back frame accidents.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are merely examples and that many variations or modifications may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims.