阅读说明：本技术 固体废品预处理系统及方法 (Solid waste pretreatment system and method ) 是由 王肇嘉 王图强 郝洁 刘鹏飞 朱延臣 东芳 战佳宇 于 2021-07-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种固体废品预处理系统及方法,包括粉碎机,用于将固体废品粉碎成颗粒状废品；熔融炉,与粉碎机连接,用于承接颗粒状废品并将颗粒状废品融化成液体废品；喷射组件,包括输送管和喷枪,输送管连接在熔融炉的出液端与喷枪之间,喷枪用于与燃烧设备连接并将液体废品喷射到燃烧设备内。本发明提供的固体废品预处理系统及方法,通过粉碎机将固体废品粉碎成颗粒状废品,颗粒状废品在熔融炉内融化成液体废品,喷枪将液体废品喷射到燃烧设备内,不同品质的固体废品熔融成液体废品容易混合均匀,品质均一,经喷枪雾化喷入燃烧设备内,可稳定快速燃烧,保证燃烧器内热工制度稳定,应用到水泥窑时,由于热工制度稳定,可使熟料品质得到保证。(The invention provides a pretreatment system and a pretreatment method for solid waste, which comprises a crusher, a pre-treatment unit and a pre-treatment unit, wherein the crusher is used for crushing the solid waste into granular waste; the melting furnace is connected with the crusher and is used for receiving the granular waste and melting the granular waste into liquid waste; and the spraying assembly comprises a conveying pipe and a spray gun, the conveying pipe is connected between the liquid outlet end of the melting furnace and the spray gun, and the spray gun is used for being connected with the combustion equipment and spraying the liquid waste into the combustion equipment. According to the solid waste pretreatment system and the solid waste pretreatment method, the solid waste is crushed into the granular waste through the crusher, the granular waste is melted into the liquid waste in the melting furnace, the liquid waste is sprayed into the combustion equipment through the spray gun, the solid waste with different qualities is melted into the liquid waste, the liquid waste is easy to mix uniformly, the quality is uniform, the solid waste is atomized and sprayed into the combustion equipment through the spray gun, the stable and rapid combustion can be realized, the thermal regulation in the combustor is stable, and when the solid waste pretreatment system is applied to a cement kiln, the clinker quality can be guaranteed due to the stable thermal regulation.)

1. A system for pretreating solid waste, comprising:

a pulverizer for pulverizing the solid waste into granular waste;

the melting furnace is connected with the crusher and is used for receiving the granular waste and melting the granular waste into liquid waste;

and the spraying assembly comprises a conveying pipe and a spray gun, the conveying pipe is connected between the liquid outlet end of the melting furnace and the spray gun, and the spray gun is used for being connected with combustion equipment and spraying the liquid waste into the combustion equipment.

2. The solid waste pretreatment system of claim 1, further comprising a material conveyor disposed between the shredder and the melting furnace, wherein a feed end of the material conveyor is positioned below the shredder and a discharge end of the material conveyor is positioned above the melting furnace.

3. The system for pretreating solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the melting furnace comprises a furnace body and a heating device arranged in the furnace body, a region to be melted and a melting region are arranged in the furnace body, the region to be melted and the melting region are communicated at the bottom of the furnace body, a solid inlet communicated with the region to be melted is arranged at the top of the furnace body, and a liquid outlet communicated with the melting region is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body.

4. The solid waste pretreatment system of claim 1, wherein a buffer bin is disposed on the transfer pipe.

5. The solid waste pretreatment system of claim 4, wherein a suction pump is disposed on the transfer pipe between the surge bin and the melting furnace.

6. The system for pretreating solid waste of claim 5, wherein a first filtering device is further disposed on the transfer pipe between the suction pump and the buffer bin.

7. The solid waste pretreatment system of claim 4, wherein a second filter device is disposed on the transfer pipe between the surge bin and the lance.

8. The solid waste pretreatment system of claim 1, further comprising a slag discharge device, a slag inlet end of the slag discharge device extending into an interior bottom end of the melting furnace.

9. The solid waste pretreatment system of claim 1, wherein the melting furnace top is provided with a gas conduit for communicating the melting furnace and the combustion apparatus.

10. The solid waste pretreatment method is applied to the solid waste pretreatment system of any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

crushing the solid waste into granular waste;

melting the particulate waste into a liquid waste;

spraying the liquid waste into a combustion apparatus.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a system and a method for pretreating solid waste.

Background

In the cooperative disposal work of the cement plant, part of dangerous waste or common solid waste which is solid at normal temperature and liquid at medium-high temperature exists. For example: the plastic garbage, the hazardous waste asphalt containing impurities, the marine floating waste plastic garbage, the vehicle body waste plastic, the rubber and the like in the urban garbage belong to solid waste which is solid at normal temperature and is molten into liquid when the temperature is raised to 200-300 ℃. The current disposal of such solid hazardous wastes is to crush them into particles with a certain particle size, transport them to a preheater, and then feed them into a decomposing furnace from the preheater for combustion.

The moving path of the materials after being put into the decomposing furnace is represented by two parts of falling and floating. One part of the falling part is flushed into the tail of the rotary kiln, and is in an anoxic combustion state in the rotary kiln through the processes of heating to a melting point, absorbing heat for melting, regasifying, and releasing heat with air oxidation combustion, so that a local reducing atmosphere is formed on raw meal powder, the thermal regulation of the cement kiln fluctuates, and normal production and clinker quality are affected. The floating part quickly rushes upwards to the top of the decomposing furnace under the action of high-speed high-temperature airflow in the decomposing furnace, so that abnormal combustion of the five-stage cyclone or other stages of cyclones is caused. The adding amount is too large, the incomplete combustion can be caused due to the mismatching of the adding amount and oxygen in the decomposing furnace, a large amount of CO gas is formed to discharge air, air is polluted, carbon emission is increased, and precious heat energy resources are wasted.

At present, the situation is a common technical problem in the cement kiln co-treatment process. The proportion of the solid hazardous waste is slightly increased to replace fossil energy in operation, so that adverse effects of yield and quality are brought to normal operation of the cement kiln, according to the current traditional feeding mode, great technical difficulty exists in further improving the treatment amount, and enterprises do not influence the normal operation technology of the cement kiln and have strong requirements on the increase of the treatment amount of the solid hazardous waste.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a system and a method for pretreating solid waste, which are used for overcoming the defects that in the prior art, the granular solid waste directly enters a decomposing furnace to cause the fluctuation of a cement kiln thermal regulation, and the normal production and the quality of clinker are influenced, realizing the liquefaction of the granular solid waste, homogenizing the quality of the liquid waste, ensuring the stability of the cement kiln thermal regulation, and ensuring the quality of the clinker.

The invention provides a solid waste pretreatment system, comprising: a pulverizer for pulverizing the solid waste into granular waste; the melting furnace is connected with the crusher and is used for receiving the granular waste and melting the granular waste into liquid waste; and the spraying assembly comprises a conveying pipe and a spray gun, the conveying pipe is connected between the liquid outlet end of the melting furnace and the spray gun, and the spray gun is used for being connected with combustion equipment and spraying the liquid waste into the combustion equipment.

According to the solid waste pretreatment system provided by the invention, a material conveyor is further arranged between the crusher and the melting furnace, the feeding end of the material conveyor is positioned below the crusher, and the discharging end of the material conveyor is positioned above the melting furnace.

According to the solid waste pretreatment system provided by the invention, the melting furnace comprises a furnace body and a heating device arranged in the furnace body, a region to be melted and a melting region are arranged in the furnace body, the region to be melted and the melting region are communicated at the bottom of the furnace body, a solid inlet communicated with the region to be melted is arranged at the top of the furnace body, and a liquid outlet communicated with the melting region is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body.

According to the solid waste pretreatment system provided by the invention, the conveying pipe is provided with the buffer storage bin.

According to the solid waste pretreatment system provided by the invention, a suction pump is arranged on the conveying pipe between the buffer storage bin and the melting furnace.

According to the solid waste pretreatment system provided by the invention, a first filtering device is further arranged on the conveying pipe between the suction pump and the buffer storage bin.

According to the solid waste pretreatment system provided by the invention, a second filtering device is arranged on the conveying pipe between the buffer storage bin and the spray gun.

According to the solid waste pretreatment system provided by the invention, the system further comprises a slag discharging device, and the slag inlet end of the slag discharging device extends into the inner bottom end of the melting furnace.

According to the solid waste pretreatment system provided by the invention, a gas pipeline is arranged at the top of the melting furnace and is used for communicating the melting furnace with the combustion equipment.

The invention also provides a solid waste pretreatment method, which is applied to any one of the solid waste pretreatment systems and comprises the following steps: crushing the solid waste into granular waste; melting the particulate waste into a liquid waste; spraying the liquid waste into a combustion apparatus.

The invention provides a system and a method for pretreating solid waste, which are characterized in that the solid waste is crushed into granular waste by a crusher, the granular waste enters a melting furnace and is melted into liquid waste, then the liquid waste is conveyed to a spray gun through a conveying pipe, the spray gun is connected with combustion equipment, the spray gun sprays the liquid waste into the combustion equipment, the solid waste with different qualities is melted into liquid waste which is easy to mix uniformly and uniform in quality, and the liquid waste is atomized and sprayed into the combustion equipment through the spray gun, so that stable and rapid combustion can be realized, the thermal schedule in a combustor is stable, and when the system and the method are applied to a cement kiln, the clinker quality can be guaranteed even if the treatment amount is increased due to the stable thermal schedule.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a solid waste pretreatment system provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for pretreating solid waste provided by the present invention;

reference numerals:

1: a delivery pipe; 2: a spray gun; 3: a screw feeder;

4: a hopper; 5: a heating device; 6: a furnace body;

7: a partition plate; 8: a zone to be melted; 9: a melting zone;

10: a solids inlet; 11: a liquid outlet; 12: buffering the storage bin;

13: a suction pump; 14: a first filtering device; 15: a second filtering device;

16: a slag discharge device; 17: a gas pipeline.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The solid waste pretreatment system and method of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 2.

The invention provides a solid waste pretreatment system which is mainly used for a cement kiln and can be used for other fuel combustion industries such as power generation, waste incineration and the like. The solid waste pretreatment system includes a shredder, a melter, and a spray assembly. The pulverizer is used for pulverizing solid waste into granular waste. The granular waste enters a melting furnace connected with the crusher through the crusher, and the granular waste is liquefied in the melting furnace, so that the granular waste becomes liquid waste. The spraying assembly comprises a conveying pipe 1 and a spray gun 2, wherein the conveying pipe 1 is arranged between the liquid outlet end of the melting furnace and the spray gun 2 and is used for conveying liquid waste from the melting furnace to the spray gun 2. The lance 2 is intended to be connected to a combustion device, into which the lance 2 can inject liquid waste.

The solid waste pretreatment system provided by the invention can melt solid waste into liquid waste through the melting furnace, atomize and spray the liquid waste into the combustion equipment through the conveying pipe 1 and the spray gun 2, and fully and uniformly mix various wastes with different qualities because the waste is changed from solid into liquid, so that the quality of the wastes is uniform, and the wastes are atomized and sprayed into the combustion equipment through the spray gun 2, so that the stable and rapid combustion of the wastes can be ensured. The solid waste pretreatment system is mainly used for the cement kiln, waste pretreated by the system can ensure the stability of the thermal system in the cement kiln, and the processing quality of clinker can be ensured even if the feeding amount is increased.

In one embodiment of the invention, a material conveyor, which may be a screw feeder 3, may be provided between the crusher and the melting furnace. The top of the feed end of the screw feeder 3 can be provided with a hopper 4, the discharge end of the pulverizer is positioned above the hopper 4, and the discharge end of the screw feeder 3 is positioned at the top of the melting furnace. The rotating speed of the screw feeder 3 can be adjusted, and the feeding speed can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the melting furnace may include a furnace body 6 and a heating device 5 disposed within the furnace body 6. Furnace body 6 can be for inside hollow cylindrical structure, can set up baffle 7 inside furnace body 6, baffle 7 along width direction's both sides respectively with furnace body 6's inside wall fixed connection, the top of baffle 7 can be connected with furnace body 6's top, baffle 7 bottom is unsettled, only forms the space that flows bottom and furnace body 6 bottom. Wherein, the space on one side of the clapboard 7 is a melting area 8, and the space on the other side is a melting area 9. A solid inlet 10 communicating with the melting zone 8 is provided at the top of the furnace body 6, and a liquid outlet 11 communicating with the melting zone 9 is provided at the side wall of the furnace body 6, whereby a communicating vessel is formed inside the melting furnace.

In use, the crushed waste is conveyed to a solid inlet 10 of the melting furnace by the screw feeder 3, enters a to-be-melted area 8 of the furnace body 6 through the solid inlet 10, and is heated by the heating device 5 at the bottom. When the granular waste positioned at the bottom is heated into liquid waste, the liquid waste flows into the melting zone 9 through a channel between the bottom of the partition plate 7 and the furnace body 6, the granular waste positioned at the top of the zone to be melted 8 continuously moves downwards under the action of gravity, the granular waste at the bottom is continuously liquefied and flows into the melting zone 9, and the granular waste at the top of the zone to be melted 8 continuously moves downwards for supplement. When the level of the liquid waste product in the melting zone 9 reaches the liquid outlet 11, it can be discharged through the liquid outlet 11.

The heating device 5 in the melting furnace can be electrically heated or heated by gas, fuel oil, high-temperature steam, a cement kiln pipeline or system heat.

In order to make the amount of liquid waste entering the combustion plant controllable and stable, in one embodiment of the invention a buffer silo 12 is provided on the conveying pipe 1 for storing the liquid waste flowing out of the melting furnace.

During use, liquid waste products may flow from the melting furnace into the buffer reservoir 12 by means of the height difference between the melting furnace and the buffer reservoir 12. In one embodiment of the invention, a suction pump 13 may be provided on the transfer pipe 1 between the buffer reservoir 12 and the melting furnace to draw the liquid waste product inside the melting furnace into the buffer reservoir 12.

In order to prevent impurities such as particles from damaging the suction pump 13, in one embodiment of the present invention, a first filtering device 14 is disposed on the conveying pipe 1 between the suction pump 13 and the melting furnace, and the first filtering device may be a square-hole sieve, and the aperture of the square-hole sieve may be 1 mm-5 mm, so as to block impurities in the liquid waste.

For preventing impurity jam spray gun 2 in the liquid waste product, can set up second filter equipment 15 on the conveyer pipe 1 between spray gun 2 and buffering storage bin 12, second filter equipment 15 can be the square hole sieve, and the aperture of square hole sieve can be 0.5 millimeter ~ 2 millimeters, can filter the impurity of littleer particle diameter to this guarantees that the liquid waste product of sending to spray gun 2 department can not block up the spout of spray gun 2.

In a normal situation, the solid hazardous waste garbage inevitably contains metal or nonmetal refractory melts such as steel wires, bolts, fibers, ceramic blocks, soil blocks, stones and the like, and the substances can be deposited at the bottom of the melting furnace, so that a large amount of sediment is generated at the bottom of the melting furnace, and when the sediment is more, the flowing space between the bottom of the partition plate 7 and the bottom of the furnace body 6 can be blocked. Therefore, in one embodiment of the present invention, a slag discharging device 16 is further provided, and the slag discharging device 16 can be a common scraper type slag discharging machine or other types of slag discharging machines, and the operation mode of the slag discharging machines is that a motor reducer drives a chain wheel inside the slag discharging machines, and the chain wheel drives a chain with rake teeth to continuously and circularly move so as to rake the sediments out of the melting furnace.

In the melting process of the melting furnace, because the solid hazardous waste generally contains substances which are easy to gasify, such as water, organic volatile matters and the like, in one embodiment of the invention, a gas pipeline 17 is further arranged on the melting furnace, the gas pipeline 17 is communicated with the melting furnace and a combustion device, and the volatile gas is conveyed into the combustion device for high-temperature oxidation harmless incineration disposal. The combustion equipment can be a cement kiln, because the head and the tail of the cement kiln are negative pressure regions, the connection of the gas pipeline 17 ensures the negative pressure operation inside the melting furnace, and ensures that the melting furnace system has no leakage to the atmosphere and adverse and harmful environmental protection influence.

The above-mentioned duct 1 uses a heat-insulating pipe, and since the lance 2 is located inside a combustion apparatus having a high temperature, the outer surface of the lance 2 can be protected by using a refractory material.

The solid waste pretreatment system disclosed above is mainly used for treating meltable waste such as plastic, rubber, asphalt, wax and the like.

In another aspect, the invention also provides a method for pretreating solid waste, which comprises the steps of crushing the solid waste into granular waste, melting the granular waste at high temperature into liquid waste, and spraying the liquid waste into combustion equipment for treatment.

The method can be implemented by combining the solid waste pretreatment system, and the solid waste can be crushed into granular waste by a crusher. The granular waste enters a melting furnace connected with the crusher through the crusher, the liquefaction of the granular waste is completed in the melting furnace, the granular waste becomes liquid waste, the liquid waste is conveyed to a spray gun 2 from the melting furnace through a conveying pipe 1, and the liquid waste is sprayed into combustion equipment for combustion treatment.

The method converts the meltable waste into liquid from solid, and then atomizes and sprays the liquid into the combustion equipment through the spray gun 2, so that the solid waste with different qualities can be mixed more uniformly and the quality is more uniform after being liquefied, and a foundation is laid for realizing efficient atomizing combustion. The liquefied waste is atomized and sprayed into the combustion equipment through the spray gun 2, can be gasified and combusted quickly, so that the thermodynamic system in the combustion equipment is stable, and when the waste is used in a cement kiln, the quality of clinker can be ensured.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.