阅读说明：本技术 双摩擦纳米发电机与磁耦合谐振式无线测速系统及方法 (Double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system and method ) 是由 轩伟鹏 汤余志 陈金凯 骆季奎 董树荣 于 2021-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了双摩擦纳米发电机与磁耦合谐振式无线测速系统及方法,包括摩擦纳米发电机一、摩擦纳米发电机二、磁耦合谐振式发射模块、磁耦合谐振式接收模块和信号采集与处理模块。本发明直接将待测速物体的机械能转化为电能为磁耦合谐振式发射模块提供能量,不需要外界提供电能；磁耦合谐振式发射模块的谐振信号通过线圈谐振耦合发送出去,磁耦合谐振式接收模块可以轻松接收到磁耦合谐振式发射模块的信号；当待测速物体依次通过摩擦纳米发电机一和摩擦纳米发电机二时,通过信号采集与处理模块可以计算接收到的衰减震荡信号时间差,且由于摩擦纳米发电机一和摩擦纳米发电机二的间距是固定的,所以待测速物体的速度很容易被测得,测速更精确。(The invention discloses a double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system and method. According to the invention, mechanical energy of an object to be tested is directly converted into electric energy to provide energy for the magnetic coupling resonant emission module, and no external electric energy is required to be provided; the resonance signal of the magnetic coupling resonance type transmitting module is transmitted out through coil resonance coupling, and the magnetic coupling resonance type receiving module can easily receive the signal of the magnetic coupling resonance type transmitting module; when the object to be tested is sequentially passed through the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator, the time difference of the received attenuation oscillation signals can be calculated through the signal acquisition and processing module, and the distance between the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator is fixed, so that the speed of the object to be tested is easily measured, and the speed measurement is more accurate.)

1. Double friction nanometer generator and magnetic coupling resonant mode wireless speed measurement system, its characterized in that: the device comprises a friction nano generator I, a friction nano generator II, a magnetic coupling resonant emission module, a magnetic coupling resonant receiving module and a signal acquisition and processing module; the magnetic coupling resonant type transmitting module is an RLC resonant circuit consisting of a capacitor C1 and an inductor L1; the magnetic coupling resonant receiving module is an RLC resonant circuit consisting of a capacitor C2 and an inductor L2; two voltage signal output ends of the first friction nano generator are respectively connected with two voltage signal output ends of the second friction nano generator, and two voltage signal output ends of the second friction nano generator are respectively connected with two ends of a capacitor C1; and both ends of the inductor L2 are connected with the signal acquisition and processing module.

2. The double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system according to claim 1, wherein: the friction nano generator I and the friction nano generator II have the same structure and respectively comprise a substrate, a conductive electrode, a triboelectric plate, a contact electrode II, a contact electrode I, a spring and a linked switch; the two substrates are oppositely arranged, and the inner side surfaces of the two substrates are connected through two springs which are arranged at intervals; a conductive electrode is fixed on the inner side surfaces of the two substrates; a triboelectric plate is fixed on the opposite surface of each of the two conductive electrodes; the two triboelectric plates are arranged at intervals; one end of the ganged switch is fixed with the inner side surface of one of the base plates, and the other end of the ganged switch is provided with a bending part; a first contact electrode is fixed on the inner side surface of the bent part; the side part of the other substrate is provided with an integrally formed electrode supporting plate; a second contact electrode is fixed on the outer side surface of the electrode supporting plate and is in contact with the first contact electrode; the electrode supporting plate is provided with a through hole; the conductive electrode fixed with the substrate provided with the electrode supporting plate is connected with the contact electrode II through a lead, and the lead passes through the through hole of the electrode supporting plate; and the conductive electrode and the contact electrode I fixed with the other substrate are respectively used as a voltage signal output end.

3. The double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the capacitor C1 and the inductor L1 in the magnetic coupling resonant transmitting module are connected in parallel, and the capacitor C2 and the inductor L2 in the magnetic coupling resonant receiving module are also connected in parallel.

4. The double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system according to claim 3, wherein: the inductor L1 and the inductor L2 are coils with magnetic cores.

5. The double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system according to claim 3, wherein: the capacitance values of the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are both between 0pf and 100pf, and the inductance values of the inductor L1 and the inductor L2 are both between 20 muH and 100 uH.

6. The double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system according to claim 2, wherein: in the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator, one friction electric plate is made of positive friction electric material, and the other friction electric plate is made of negative friction electric material.

7. The double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system according to claim 1, wherein: the signal acquisition and processing module is an FPGA module integrated with an analog-to-digital conversion module.

8. The wireless speed measurement method of the double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:

fixing the distance between the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator; when an object to be measured passes through the first friction nano generator, the first friction nano generator outputs a forward pulse voltage under the control of a linked switch of the first friction nano generator; when the object to be measured passes through the second friction nano generator, the second friction nano generator outputs another forward pulse voltage under the control of the linkage switch of the second friction nano generator; an inductor L1 of the magnetic coupling resonant type transmitting module generates an attenuation oscillation signal under the excitation of pulse voltage; the inductor L2 of the magnetic coupling resonance type receiving module receives the attenuation oscillation signal of the inductor L1 in a resonance coupling mode, generates another attenuation oscillation signal with the same frequency, and is acquired by the signal acquisition and processing module; the signal acquisition and processing module calculates the time difference between the attenuation oscillation signal received when the object to be measured passes through the friction nano generator I and the attenuation oscillation signal received when the object to be measured passes through the friction nano generator II, and calculates the moving speed of the object to be measured according to the distance between the friction nano generator I and the friction nano generator II.

9. The wireless speed measurement method of the double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system according to claim 8, characterized in that: the distance between the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator is 20 cm-5 m.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless speed measurement, and particularly relates to a double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system and method using a friction nano generator as an energy source.

Background

With the development of scientific technology and the improvement of living standard of people, people can also fully utilize a wireless network to connect things while using a wired network. The wireless sensor network of the internet of things is promoted, and is mainly applied to the fields of environmental science, intelligent home environment, precision agriculture and emerging space exploration. The basic composition and function of the wireless sensor network comprises the following units: the system comprises a sensing unit (consisting of various sensors and an analog-digital conversion functional module), a processing unit (consisting of an embedded system, including a CPU, a memory, an embedded operating system and the like), a communication unit (consisting of a wireless communication module) and a power supply unit.

At present, the wireless sensor network has wide application in traffic monitoring systems. Controlling traffic flow and speed limits has become an important task of traffic monitoring real-time monitoring systems, such as providing real-time information of motorcycle driving. There are many ways to measure velocity. Active sensors such as radar and lidar calculate the time difference between the incident frequency and the received frequency signal to measure the speed of the vehicle. Infrared detection and laser detection are also methods of measuring vehicle speed, but such methods are harmful to health. In addition, analyzing the continuous video images by the camera is also a common method for tracking the driving progress of illegal vehicles. At present, an analog camera and an optical fiber transmission mode are widely applied to the field of traffic monitoring. Obviously, the current mainstream intelligent traffic monitoring system is expensive, needs battery power supply equipment, cannot timely process violation behaviors, and causes unexpected loss to the society and victims. Although these technologies can be applied to the field of traffic monitoring, they not only require batteries to supply power to the equipment, but also are expensive and do not meet the current development strategy of green energy and sustainable development.

The friction nanometer generator as one new kind of nanometer energy source can convert the mechanical vibration around the sensor into electric energy, and has the advantages of small size, low cost and high performance. A self-powered wireless speed measurement system and a self-powered wireless identification system are the earliest development directions of intelligent traffic systems. The concept of self-powered wireless sensing is a hot spot in current research and development. However, these types of self-powered sensor systems require energy from the environment to be collected, stored in an energy storage device, and then powered through a voltage regulator module to the wireless sensor system, causing significant delays in signal transmission.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system and method aiming at the defects of the prior art, wherein the system and method are combined with novel nano energy of a friction nano generator to directly convert mechanical energy of an object to be measured into electric energy to provide energy for a magnetic coupling resonant emission module without providing the electric energy from the outside, and magnetic coupling resonant wireless transmission is adopted, so that a signal containing frequency information at a transmitter (the magnetic coupling resonant emission module) can be conveniently transmitted to a receiver (the magnetic coupling resonant reception module) in a wireless mode through a magnetic resonance coupling induction coil (an inductor L1).

The invention relates to a double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system, which comprises a first friction nano generator, a second friction nano generator, a magnetic coupling resonant transmitting module, a magnetic coupling resonant receiving module and a signal acquisition and processing module; the magnetic coupling resonant type transmitting module is an RLC resonant circuit consisting of a capacitor C1 and an inductor L1; the magnetic coupling resonance type receiving module is an RLC resonance circuit formed by a capacitor C2 and an inductor L2. Two voltage signal output ends of the first friction nano generator are respectively connected with two voltage signal output ends of the second friction nano generator, and two voltage signal output ends of the second friction nano generator are respectively connected with two ends of a capacitor C1; and both ends of the inductor L2 are connected with the signal acquisition and processing module.

Preferably, the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator have the same structure and both comprise a substrate, a conductive electrode, a triboelectric plate, a second contact electrode, a first contact electrode, a spring and a linked switch; the two substrates are oppositely arranged, and the inner side surfaces of the two substrates are connected through two springs which are arranged at intervals; a conductive electrode is fixed on the inner side surfaces of the two substrates; a triboelectric plate is fixed on the opposite surface of each of the two conductive electrodes; the two triboelectric plates are arranged at intervals; one end of the ganged switch is fixed with the inner side surface of one of the base plates, and the other end of the ganged switch is provided with a bending part; a first contact electrode is fixed on the inner side surface of the bent part; the side part of the other substrate is provided with an integrally formed electrode supporting plate; a second contact electrode is fixed on the outer side surface of the electrode supporting plate and is in contact with the first contact electrode; the electrode supporting plate is provided with a through hole; the conductive electrode fixed with the substrate provided with the electrode supporting plate is connected with the contact electrode II through a lead, and the lead passes through the through hole of the electrode supporting plate; and the conductive electrode and the contact electrode I fixed with the other substrate are respectively used as a voltage signal output end.

Preferably, the capacitor C1 and the inductor L1 in the magnetic coupling resonant transmitting module are connected in parallel, and the capacitor C2 and the inductor L2 in the magnetic coupling resonant receiving module are also connected in parallel, so that signals can be transmitted farther.

More preferably, the inductor L1 and the inductor L2 are coils with magnetic cores, the diameter of the coil is 5cm, and wireless transmission of more than 1m can be realized.

More preferably, the capacitance values of the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C2 are both between 0pf and 100pf, and the inductance values of the inductor L1 and the inductor L2 are both between 20 μ H and 100 uH.

More preferably, in the first friction nano-generator and the second friction nano-generator, one of the friction electric plates is made of positive friction electric material, and the other friction electric plate is made of negative friction electric material.

Preferably, the signal acquisition and processing module is an FPGA module integrated with an analog-to-digital conversion module.

The wireless speed measurement method of the double-friction nano generator and the magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system comprises the following specific steps:

fixing the distance between the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator; when an object to be measured passes through the first friction nano generator, the first friction nano generator outputs a forward pulse voltage under the control of a linked switch of the first friction nano generator; when the object to be measured passes through the second friction nano generator, the second friction nano generator outputs another forward pulse voltage under the control of the linkage switch of the second friction nano generator; an inductor L1 of the magnetic coupling resonant type transmitting module generates an attenuation oscillation signal under the excitation of pulse voltage; the inductor L2 of the magnetic coupling resonance type receiving module receives the attenuation oscillation signal of the inductor L1 in a resonance coupling mode, generates another attenuation oscillation signal with the same frequency, and is acquired by the signal acquisition and processing module; the signal acquisition and processing module calculates the time difference between the attenuation oscillation signal received when the object to be measured passes through the friction nano generator I and the attenuation oscillation signal received when the object to be measured passes through the friction nano generator II, and calculates the moving speed of the object to be measured according to the distance between the friction nano generator I and the friction nano generator II.

Preferably, the distance between the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator is 20 cm-5 m.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention combines the novel nanometer energy of the friction nanometer generator, directly converts the mechanical energy of the object to be tested into electric energy to provide energy for the magnetic coupling resonant emission module, and does not need to provide electric energy from the outside; the resonance signal of the magnetic coupling resonance type transmitting module is transmitted out through coil resonance coupling, and the magnetic coupling resonance type receiving module can easily receive the signal of the magnetic coupling resonance type transmitting module; meanwhile, the signal transmission structure is simple, no active device is provided, besides the passive capacitor and the coil, no additional electronic equipment is needed for the magnetic resonance coupling induction coil, and the cost is low. When the object to be tested is sequentially passed through the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator, the time difference of the received attenuation oscillation signals can be calculated through the signal acquisition and processing module, and the distance between the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator is fixed, so that the speed of the object to be tested is easily measured, and the speed measurement is more accurate. Therefore, the invention provides a brand-new solution for wireless speed measurement, does not need to additionally provide a direct-current power supply or an expensive radar device and the like, provides energy by using the friction nano generator, and realizes the wireless measurement of the speed of an object to be measured by combining a simple LC resonance circuit. In addition, the invention can also be used for wirelessly counting vehicles.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first friction nano-generator or a second friction nano-generator according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a graph of the output voltage waveform of the first friction nano-generator or the second friction nano-generator according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of the attenuated oscillating signal generated by the magnetically coupled resonant transmitting module according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of signals collected by the signal collection and processing module according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1. the device comprises a friction nanometer generator I, a friction nanometer generator II, a friction nanometer generator 3, a magnetic coupling resonant transmitting module 4, a magnetic coupling resonant receiving module 5 and a signal acquisition and processing module; 6. the device comprises a substrate, 7, a conductive electrode, 8, a triboelectric plate, 9, contact electrodes II and 10, contact electrodes I and 11, springs, 12 and a linked switch.

Detailed Description

In order to more specifically describe the present invention, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the double-friction nano generator and magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system includes a friction nano generator 1, a friction nano generator 2, a magnetic coupling resonant transmitting module 3, a magnetic coupling resonant receiving module 4, and a signal acquisition and processing module 5; the magnetic coupling resonant transmitting module 3 is an RLC resonant circuit formed by a capacitor C1 and an inductor L1 (the inductor L1 has an internal resistance R1); the magnetic coupling resonant receiving module 4 is an RLC resonant circuit including a capacitor C2 and an inductor L2 (the inductor L2 has an internal resistance R2). The capacitor C1 and the inductor L1 in the magnetic coupling resonant transmitting module are connected in parallel, and the capacitor C2 and the inductor L2 in the magnetic coupling resonant receiving module are also connected in parallel. Two voltage signal output ends of the friction nano generator I1 are respectively connected with two voltage signal output ends of the friction nano generator II 2 (namely the friction nano generator I1 and the friction nano generator II 2 are connected in parallel), and two voltage signal output ends of the friction nano generator II 2 are respectively connected with two ends of a capacitor C1; both ends of the inductor L2 are connected with the signal acquisition and processing module 5; the signal acquisition and processing module 5 is an FPGA module integrated with an analog-to-digital conversion module, such as a chip with model number AD 9280.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the first friction nano-generator (TENG1)1 and the second friction nano-generator (TENG2)2 have the same structure, and each of them includes a substrate 6, a conductive electrode 7, a triboelectric plate 8, a second contact electrode 9, a first contact electrode 10, a spring 11 and a ganged switch 12; the two substrates 6 are oppositely arranged, and the inner side surfaces of the two substrates 6 are connected through two springs 11 which are arranged at intervals; a conductive electrode 7 is fixed on the inner side surfaces of the two substrates 6; a triboelectric plate 8 is fixed on the opposite surface of each of the two conductive electrodes 7; the two triboelectric plates 8 are arranged at intervals; one of the two friction electric plates 8 adopts positive friction electric material (such as PA66) and the other adopts negative friction electric material (such as FEP); one end of the ganged switch 12 is fixed with the inner side surface of one of the substrates, and the other end is provided with a bending part; a first contact electrode 10 is fixed on the inner side surface of the bent part; the side part of the other substrate is provided with an integrally formed electrode supporting plate; a second contact electrode 9 is fixed on the outer side surface of the electrode supporting plate, and the second contact electrode 9 is in contact with the first contact electrode 10; the electrode supporting plate is provided with a through hole; the conductive electrode 7 fixed with the substrate provided with the electrode supporting plate is connected with the contact electrode II 9 through a lead wire, the lead wire penetrates through the through hole of the electrode supporting plate, and the conductive electrode 7 fixed with the other substrate and the contact electrode I10 are respectively used as a voltage signal output end.

In the friction nano generator I and the friction nano generator II, the linked switch is switched on when the distance between the two triboelectric plates is maximum, and is switched off when the two triboelectric plates are positioned at other positions; the linkage switch has the function of ensuring that the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator supply power to a load (a magnetic coupling resonant type emission module) only when the two friction electric plates are separated to the maximum distance.

The wireless speed measurement method of the double-friction nano generator and the magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system comprises the following specific steps:

fixing the distance between the first friction nano generator and the second friction nano generator; when an object to be speed-measured passes through the first friction nano generator, the first friction nano generator outputs a forward pulse voltage under the control of a linked switch of the first friction nano generator, as shown in fig. 3; when the object to be measured passes through the second friction nano generator, the second friction nano generator outputs another forward pulse voltage under the control of the linkage switch of the second friction nano generator; the inductor L1 of the magnetic coupling resonant transmission module 3 generates an attenuated oscillation signal under the excitation of the pulse voltage, as shown in fig. 4; the inductor L2 of the magnetic coupling resonance type receiving module receives the attenuation oscillation signal of the inductor L1 in a resonance coupling mode, generates another attenuation oscillation signal with the same frequency, and is acquired by the signal acquisition and processing module; the attenuated oscillation signals collected by the signal collecting and processing module are shown in fig. 5; the signal acquisition and processing module calculates the time difference between the damping oscillation signal received by the object to be measured when the object to be measured passes through the friction nano generator one time and the damping oscillation signal received by the object to be measured when the object to be measured passes through the friction nano generator two, and calculates the moving speed of the object to be measured according to the distance between the friction nano generator one and the friction nano generator two (in fig. 5, the distance between the friction nano generator one and the friction nano generator two is 1m, the time difference is 180ms, and the calculated moving speed of the object to be measured is 20 km/h).

In addition, the double-friction nano generator and the magnetic coupling resonant wireless speed measurement system can also be used for counting running vehicles.