阅读说明：本技术 一种极简架构的掌式超声波探伤仪 (Palm type ultrasonic flaw detector with extremely simple framework ) 是由 杨庆德 于 2019-10-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种极简架构的掌式超声波探伤仪,包括Cortex M4核的ARM微处理器、FPGA模块、方波发射电路、信号调理电路、存储器、高速数据采集芯片、显示屏,所述存储器、显示屏、FPGA模块都与Cortex M4核的ARM微处理器电性连接,所述信号调理电路、方波发射电路、高速数据采集芯片都与FPGA模块电性连接,所述高速数据采集芯片与信号调理电路电性连接,本发明采用ARM+FPGA的架构,成本大大降低,电路结构大大简化,提高了超声波换能器的发射效率和信噪比；本发明的续航能力大大提高,减缓了器件老化,延长了仪器使用寿命。(The invention discloses a palm type ultrasonic flaw detector with a very simple framework, which comprises an ARM microprocessor with a Cortex M4 core, an FPGA module, a square wave transmitting circuit, a signal conditioning circuit, a memory, a high-speed data acquisition chip and a display screen, wherein the memory, the display screen and the FPGA module are electrically connected with the ARM microprocessor with the Cortex M4 core; the invention greatly improves the endurance, slows down the aging of devices and prolongs the service life of instruments.)

1. The palm type ultrasonic flaw detector with the extremely simple architecture is characterized by comprising an ARM microprocessor (2) with a Cortex M4 core, an FPGA module (6), a square wave transmitting circuit (4), a signal conditioning circuit (5), a memory (3), a high-speed data acquisition chip (7) and a display screen (1), wherein the memory (3), the display screen (1) and the FPGA module (6) are electrically connected with the ARM microprocessor (2) with the Cortex M4 core, the signal conditioning circuit (5), the square wave transmitting circuit (4) and the high-speed data acquisition chip (7) are electrically connected with the FPGA module (6), the high-speed data acquisition chip (7) is electrically connected with the signal conditioning circuit (5), the microprocessor (2) with the Cortex M4 core integrates functions of an ARM, an LCD controller, a USB controller and a keyboard processing chip, and the FPGA module (6) integrates functions of storing, storing and processing, The display screen (1) has the functions of operation and cache, and adopts an industrial-grade small-size IPS liquid crystal screen.

2. The palm-type ultrasonic flaw detector with a very simple structure according to claim 1, wherein the display screen (1) is a 2.4-inch display screen (1).

3. The palm-type ultrasonic flaw detector of claim 1, wherein the Cortex M4 core is an ARM microprocessor (2) model STM32F429VIT 6.

4. The palm-type ultrasonic flaw detector with a very simple structure according to claim 1, wherein the model of the FPGA module (6) is EP4CE6E22 CN.

5. The palm-type ultrasonic flaw detector with extremely simple structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-speed data acquisition chip (7) is AD9215-105 chip of Analog Devices.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a palm type ultrasonic flaw detector with a very simple framework.

Background

As a nondestructive testing technology, the ultrasonic flaw detector is widely applied to the industrial field by the advantages of high detection efficiency, safety, no radiation, less consumption of consumables, low comprehensive use cost and the like. However, the current ultrasonic flaw detector on the market has limited application in wide medium and small enterprises due to the problems of complex circuit structure, poor battery endurance, high production cost of the instrument, insufficient intuition of flaw detection results and the like.

The traditional digital ultrasonic flaw detector usually adopts a digital architecture combining a plurality of chips such as an ARM, a CPLD, a DSP, an SRAM, an ADC, an LCD driving chip and the like. The architecture adopts ARM as a main control chip to be responsible for the work of liquid crystal display, man-machine interaction, data communication and the like, the DSP as a data processing chip to be responsible for the work of extraction, detection, enveloping, waveform synthesis and the like of flaw detection data, and the CPLD receives an instruction sent by the ARM and controls the ADC and the SRAM to carry out high-speed data acquisition and caching. The disadvantages of this architecture are readily apparent: 1. the adopted devices are many, wiring is very complicated, the anti-interference capability of the circuit is reduced, the cost is increased, and the research and development period is prolonged. 2. Many devices only use a few resources, and a large amount of resources are wasted, for example, a DSP chip with a high price only performs some simple functions, and a large amount of resources are left unused. 3. The power consumption of the DSP and the SRAM is higher, so that the battery endurance is influenced, and the application of the flaw detector is limited. 4. The complex circuit structure makes the flaw detector difficult to miniaturize, and many field applications need a flaw detector to climb up and down and carry an instrument weighing several kilograms, which is even inconvenient. 5. The emission waveform of the ultrasonic flaw detector is a sharp pulse, the emission efficiency is low, and the frequency components in the excited ultrasonic waves are also mixed due to the fact that the frequency components of the sharp pulse are more, so that the emission efficiency is low, and the signal to noise ratio is low.

The analog circuit part of the ultrasonic flaw detector adopts a damping changing mode, a relay is used for changing a damping resistor to adjust the pulse width of a transmitted waveform, the mode needs to adopt a plurality of relays for switching, the matching between a circuit and a probe is difficult to achieve the optimum, the most important is that the front edge of ultrasonic waves can be controlled, the back edge is difficult to control, and the transmitting efficiency and the flaw detection sensitivity are influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing products and provide a palm type ultrasonic flaw detector with a simple structure.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a palm formula ultrasonic flaw detector of minimality framework, includes ARM microprocessor, FPGA module, square wave transmitting circuit, signal conditioning circuit, memory, high-speed data acquisition chip, the display screen of Cortex M4 nuclear, memory, display screen, FPGA module all with the ARM microprocessor electric connection of Cortex M4 nuclear, signal conditioning circuit, square wave transmitting circuit, high-speed data acquisition chip all with FPGA module electric connection, high-speed data acquisition chip and signal conditioning circuit electric connection, the ARM microprocessor of Cortex M4 nuclear has integrateed flash, LCD controller, USB controller and keyboard and has handled the function of chip, the integrated storage of FPGA module, the function of operation, buffer memory, the display screen adopts the small-size LCD screen of norgrade.

Preferably, the display screen is a 2.4 inch display screen.

Preferably, the ARM microprocessor model of the Cortex M4 core is STM32F429VIT 6.

Preferably, the model number of the FPGA module is EP4CE6E22 CN.

Preferably, the high-speed data acquisition chip is an AD9215-105 chip from Analog Devices.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention adopts the ARM + FPGA architecture to replace the prior ARM + CPLD + DSP + SRAM + tristate gate architecture, the chip number is greatly reduced, the cost is greatly reduced, the circuit structure is greatly simplified, the volume of the whole flaw detector can be reduced to about 1/10, the power consumption is reduced to about 1/8, and the circuit cost is reduced to about 1/3; the square wave transmitting circuit is adopted to transmit the square waves to replace sharp pulses, so that the transmitting efficiency and the signal-to-noise ratio of the ultrasonic transducer are improved; the invention adopts the IPS liquid crystal screen with small size of industrial grade to replace the original TFT and even EL screen, so the invention has small power consumption and high response speed; because of the reduction of the power consumption of the invention, the power can be supplied only by the lithium battery before, and the dry battery can also be used in emergency at present, under the same condition, the endurance of the invention is greatly improved, and because of the reduction of the power consumption, some secondary problems caused by the internal heating of the instrument are avoided, the aging of the device is slowed down, and the service life of the instrument is prolonged.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings of the specification:

as shown in fig. 1, a palm type ultrasonic flaw detector with a very simple architecture comprises an ARM microprocessor 2 with a Cortex M4 core, an FPGA module 6, a square wave transmitting circuit 4, a signal conditioning circuit 5, a memory 3, a high-speed data acquisition chip 7 and a display screen 1, wherein the memory 3, the display screen 1 and the FPGA module 6 are all electrically connected with the ARM microprocessor 2 with the Cortex M4 core, the signal conditioning circuit 5, the square wave transmitting circuit 4 and the high-speed data acquisition chip 7 are all electrically connected with the FPGA module 6, the high-speed data acquisition chip 7 is electrically connected with the signal conditioning circuit 5, the ARM microprocessor 2 with the Cortex M4 core integrates functions of a NorFlash, an LCD controller, a USB controller and a keyboard processing chip, the FPGA module 6 integrates functions of storage, operation and cache, and the display screen 1 adopts an industrial-grade IPS liquid crystal screen.

As shown in fig. 1, the display screen 1 is a 2.4-inch display screen 1, the ARM microprocessor 2 with a Cortex M4 core is model number STM32F429VIT6, the FPGA module 6 is model number EP4CE6E22CN, and the high-speed data acquisition chip 7 adopts AD9215-105 chips of analog devices.

The invention adopts ARM + FPGA architecture to replace the former ARM + CPLD + DSP + SRAM + tri-state gate architecture, the traditional ultrasonic flaw detector has complex digital architecture, and the optical digital chip needs nearly more than ten pieces: ARM7, LCD controller, CPLD, DSP, 1 SRAM, 4 tri-state gates, keyboard processing chip, USB controller, NorFlash, NandFlash, real-time clock chip, and 2 shift registers. After the extremely simple architecture is adopted, the ARM of the Cortex M4 core integrates the functions of NorFlash, an LCD controller, a USB controller and a keyboard processing chip; RAM resources are arranged in the FPGA, and the FPGA has certain computing capacity (replacing DSP) and caching capacity (replacing SRAM); the programmable logic device is also a programmable logic device and can replace a CPLD and a tristate gate to complete logic functions.

The architecture design and reasonable device type selection reduce the cost, and a plurality of expensive electronic devices are saved due to the adoption of the simple architecture. The price of the devices like the DSP is 200RMB +, the price of the CPLD is 100RMB +, the price of ARM7 and NorFlash, the price of an LCD controller, a USB controller and a keyboard processing chip is 500+, after the new architecture is adopted, the price of the ARM of a Cortex M4 kernel is 40+ RMB, the price of the newly adopted Cyclone IV series FPGA is 23RMB, namely the cost of the digital part is reduced to about 1/10.

The transmitting waveform adopts square waves to replace sharp pulses, so that the transmitting efficiency and the signal to noise ratio of the ultrasonic transducer are improved, and the transmitting waveform of the traditional ultrasonic flaw detector is sharp pulses, so that the transmitting efficiency is low. And because the frequency components of the sharp pulse are more, the frequency components in the excited ultrasonic wave are also more, when the square wave pulse, especially the width of the pulse reaches 1/2 of the inherent oscillation period of the probe, the ultrasonic wave excited by the rising edge and the falling edge can be superposed and enhanced, and other frequency components are less, so that the emission efficiency and the signal-to-noise ratio are greatly improved.

The industrial-grade small-size IPS liquid crystal screen is adopted to replace the original TFT and even the EL screen, the earliest screen is the EL screen (electroluminescence), the screen has the advantages of wide temperature range and high response speed, but the power consumption is very high (5W-10W), the size and the weight are large, most manufacturers adopt the industrial-grade 5.7-inch TFT, the weight, the power consumption and the price are optimized, and the power consumption is about 1W-2W. However, in this patent, 2.4 inch IPS is used as a typical application, which consumes about 100mW and weighs 1/30 of EL screen.

The invention adopts the ARM + FPGA architecture to replace the prior ARM + CPLD + DSP + SRAM + tristate gate architecture, the chip number is greatly reduced, the cost is greatly reduced, the circuit structure is greatly simplified, the volume of the whole flaw detector can be reduced to about 1/10, the power consumption is reduced to about 1/8, and the circuit cost is reduced to about 1/3; the square wave transmitting circuit is adopted to transmit the square waves to replace sharp pulses, so that the transmitting efficiency and the signal-to-noise ratio of the ultrasonic transducer are improved; the invention adopts the IPS liquid crystal screen with small size of industrial grade to replace the original TFT and even EL screen, so the invention has small power consumption and high response speed; because of the reduction of the power consumption of the invention, the power can be supplied only by the lithium battery before, and the dry battery can also be used in emergency at present, under the same condition, the endurance of the invention is greatly improved, and because of the reduction of the power consumption, some secondary problems caused by the internal heating of the instrument are avoided, the aging of the device is slowed down, and the service life of the instrument is prolonged.

It should be noted that the above list is only one specific embodiment of the present invention. It is clear that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but that many variations are possible, all of which can be derived or suggested directly from the disclosure of the invention by a person skilled in the art, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.