阅读说明：本技术 一种海水发电器件及其使用方法 (Seawater power generation device and using method thereof ) 是由 陈华伟 王亚梅 张力文 谢冰涛 于 2021-07-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种海水发电器件及其使用方法,属于水伏发电技术领域。本发明提供的海水发电器件使用石墨烯掺杂原木片作为发电元件,石墨烯掺杂原木片含有亲水基团,有利于海水渗透,在海水自然条件下,由于木材是由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素组成,富含羟基,因此当海水渗入到石墨烯掺杂原木片的微纳米孔道时,羟基水解而产生负电荷,这些负电荷会吸附海水中的正离子而排斥负离子,正离子在石墨烯掺杂原木片的导管毛细力以及蒸发驱动作用下向上流动,从而在原木片微纳米孔道中上下两端形成定向流动电势差,进而可以收集到持续稳定的电能；并且这种方式无需外界的机械能输入或者温度湿度激励,安全高效,为新的能量转换提供了一种有效的方式。(The invention provides a seawater power generation device and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation. The seawater power generation device provided by the invention uses the graphene doped raw wood chip as a power generation element, the graphene doped raw wood chip contains hydrophilic groups, which is beneficial to seawater permeation, under the natural seawater condition, as wood is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin and is rich in hydroxyl, when seawater permeates into the micro-nano pore channel of the graphene doped raw wood chip, the hydroxyl is hydrolyzed to generate negative charges, the negative charges can adsorb positive ions in seawater and repel the negative ions, and the positive ions flow upwards under the conduit capillary force and evaporation driving action of the graphene doped raw wood chip, so that a directional flow potential difference is formed at the upper end and the lower end in the micro-nano pore channel of the raw wood chip, and further, continuous and stable electric energy can be collected; in addition, the mode does not need external mechanical energy input or temperature and humidity excitation, is safe and efficient, and provides an effective mode for new energy conversion.)

1. The seawater power generation device is characterized by comprising a graphene-doped raw wood chip and two grid hollowed electrodes, wherein two surfaces, which are vertical to the thickness direction, in the graphene-doped raw wood chip are respectively attached to the two hollowed electrodes; the grid hollow-out electrodes and the graphene-doped log sheet are attached to each other in the same surface area.

2. The seawater power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the graphene-doped raw wood chips are prepared by the following steps: and soaking the raw wood pieces into the graphene dispersion liquid for doping, and standing and drying the obtained product in sequence to obtain the graphene doped raw wood pieces.

3. The seawater power generating device according to claim 2, wherein the raw wood pieces comprise balsa, pine, basswood, zelkova or balsa.

4. The seawater power generating device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the raw wood chips have a thickness of 10mm, and the thickness direction of the raw wood chips is the same as the growth direction of the conduit in the raw wood chips.

5. The seawater power generation device according to claim 2, wherein the dispersant of the graphene dispersion is N-methylpyrrolidone; the concentration of the graphene dispersion liquid is 1-2 mg/mL.

6. The seawater power generation device according to claim 2 or 5, wherein the doping is performed under ultrasonic conditions, the power of the ultrasonic is 0.35kW, and the frequency is 40 kHz.

7. The seawater power generation device according to claim 6, wherein the doping temperature is 10-30 ℃ and the doping time is 4-8 h; the standing time is 12 h.

8. The seawater power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the grid-hollowed-out electrode is made of an inert electrode material, and the inert electrode material comprises a carbon fiber net, a carbon fiber cloth or a plastic grid coated with conductive carbon paste.

9. The seawater power generation device according to claim 8, wherein the plastic mesh comprises polyester, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyoxymethylene, polyamide, polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.

10. The use method of the seawater power generation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, which comprises the following steps:

after two grid hollow electrodes of the seawater power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 are connected with an electric device through a lead, one end face of the grid hollow electrode, which is attached to the graphene-doped log piece, is completely immersed in seawater, and the other end face is exposed to the air, so that power generation is performed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a seawater power generation device and a using method thereof.

Background

Energy is the foundation on which human beings rely for survival in today's society. Smart phones and electric cars require continuous, safe, efficient and portable charging devices; the integration of artificial intelligence/data science/smart internet of things can realize data sharing and the promotion that accurate tracking depends on flexible electronics; the development of high-speed rail and aerospace technologies cannot be supported by energy technologies. Energy applications have penetrated all walks of life and the aspects of human life, and the performance standards thereof will be more and more required with the improvement of living standards.

However, near eight global energy sources still come from the combustion of traditional fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal and natural gas, and not only are the non-renewable resources very limited and are facing the danger of exhaustion, but also the problems of air pollution and global warming caused by the combustion of the non-renewable resources become the focus of global attention. Renewable energy sources such as wind energy, water energy, nuclear energy, solar energy, geothermal energy and the like are clean and can be recycled, but the defects that the limitation is high due to regional and climate factors, the power generation is intermittent and unstable and the like are still difficult to overcome. In addition, silicon-based solar cells that convert light energy into electrical energy by using the photovoltaic effect and the photochemical reaction, and lead-acid cells and lithium-ion cells that convert chemical energy into electrical energy by using the chemical reaction are also widely used due to the advantages of low cost, high safety, and the like, but the advantages of low energy density, short endurance time, and low conversion efficiency are also obvious disadvantages. Therefore, the search for new efficient and safe energy conversion methods has become a research direction for scientists to attend.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a seawater power generation device and a using method thereof.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

the invention provides a seawater power generation device which comprises a graphene-doped raw wood chip and two grid hollowed electrodes, wherein two surfaces, which are vertical to the thickness direction, in the graphene-doped raw wood chip are respectively attached to the two hollowed electrodes; the grid hollow-out electrodes and the graphene-doped log sheet are attached to each other in the same surface area.

Preferably, the preparation process of the graphene doped raw wood sheet comprises the following steps: and soaking the raw wood pieces into the graphene dispersion liquid for doping, and standing and drying the obtained product in sequence to obtain the graphene doped raw wood pieces.

Preferably, the log pieces comprise balsa, pine, basswood, beech or balsa.

Preferably, the thickness of the raw wood pieces is 10mm, and the thickness direction of the raw wood pieces is the same as the growth direction of the conduit in the raw wood pieces.

Preferably, the dispersant of the graphene dispersion liquid is N-methyl pyrrolidone; the concentration of the graphene dispersion liquid is 1-2 mg/mL.

Preferably, the doping is performed under ultrasonic conditions, the power of the ultrasonic is 0.35kW, and the frequency is 40 kHz.

Preferably, the doping temperature is 10-30 ℃, and the time is 4-8 h; the standing time is 12 h.

Preferably, the grid hollow electrode is made of an inert electrode material, and the inert electrode material comprises a carbon fiber net, carbon fiber cloth or a plastic grid coated with conductive carbon paste.

Preferably, the material of the plastic grid comprises polyester, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyformaldehyde, polyamide, polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.

The invention provides a use method of the seawater power generation device in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:

after the two grid hollow electrodes of the seawater power generation device in the technical scheme are connected with electric equipment through a lead, one end face of the grid hollow electrodes, which is attached to the graphene-doped log piece, is completely immersed in seawater, and the other end face of the grid hollow electrodes is exposed in the air to generate power.

The invention provides a seawater power generation device which comprises a graphene-doped raw wood chip and two grid hollowed electrodes, wherein two surfaces, which are vertical to the thickness direction, in the graphene-doped raw wood chip are respectively attached to the two hollowed electrodes; the grid hollow-out electrodes and the graphene-doped log sheet are attached to each other in the same surface area. The seawater power generation device provided by the invention uses the graphene doped raw wood chip as a power generation element, the graphene doped raw wood chip contains hydrophilic groups, which is beneficial to seawater permeation, under the natural seawater condition, as wood is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin and is rich in hydroxyl, when seawater permeates into the micro-nano pore channel of the graphene doped raw wood chip, the hydroxyl is hydrolyzed to generate negative charges, the negative charges can adsorb positive ions in seawater and repel the negative ions, and the positive ions flow upwards under the conduit capillary force and evaporation driving action of the graphene doped raw wood chip, so that a directional flow potential difference is formed at the upper end and the lower end in the micro-nano pore channel of the raw wood chip, and further, continuous and stable electric energy can be collected; in addition, the mode does not need external mechanical energy input or temperature and humidity excitation, is safe and efficient, and provides an effective mode for new energy conversion.

The seawater power generation device provided by the invention is simple and easy to prepare, the raw material wood is easy to obtain, and the seawater power generation device is clean and pollution-free to the environment and is a potential energy source with wide application prospect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a seawater power generation device provided by the invention, wherein 1-graphene-doped raw wood chips, 2-rubber bands and 3-grid hollowed electrodes are arranged;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power generation structure of a seawater power generation device provided by the invention, which is placed in a 0.6mol/L sodium chloride aqueous solution;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing an open-circuit voltage curve and a short-circuit current curve of the seawater power generating device prepared in example 1, which were measured in a 0.6mol/L aqueous solution of sodium chloride;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing an open circuit voltage curve of the seawater power generating device prepared in example 2 when it is placed in a 0.6mol/L aqueous solution of sodium chloride;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing open circuit voltage curves measured by placing the seawater power generating device prepared in example 3 in a 0.6mol/L aqueous solution of sodium chloride.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a seawater power generation device, which comprises a graphene-doped raw wood chip and two grid hollowed electrodes, wherein two surfaces, which are perpendicular to the thickness direction, of the graphene-doped raw wood chip are respectively attached to the two hollowed electrodes; the grid hollow-out electrodes and the graphene-doped log sheet are attached to each other in the same surface area.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all the starting materials for the preparation are those known to those skilled in the art or those commercially available.

The seawater power generation device provided by the invention comprises graphene doped raw wood chips. In the invention, the preparation process of the graphene doped raw wood sheet is preferably as follows: and soaking the raw wood pieces into the graphene dispersion liquid for doping, and standing and drying the obtained product in sequence to obtain the graphene doped raw wood pieces.

In the present invention, the raw wood chips preferably include balsa, pine, basswood, beech or balsa; the thickness of the raw wood pieces is preferably 10mm, and the thickness direction of the raw wood pieces is preferably the same as the growth direction of the conduit in the raw wood pieces. The present invention preferably controls the thickness direction of the raw wood pieces to be the same as the growth direction of the guide duct through the process of cutting the wood.

The invention has no special limit to the cross section shape and area of the original wood chip, and the cross section shape and area can be selected according to the actual requirement; in the examples of the invention, the raw wood chips had a diameter of 50mm and a thickness of 10 mm. The source of the raw wood chips in the present invention is not particularly limited, and commercially available products well known in the art may be selected.

In the present invention, the dispersant of the graphene dispersion is preferably N-methylpyrrolidone; the concentration of the graphene dispersion liquid is preferably 1-2 mg/mL. The preparation process of the graphene dispersion liquid is not particularly limited, and graphene is dispersed in a dispersing agent according to a process well known in the art. The using amount of the graphene dispersion liquid is not specially limited, and the raw wood chips can be ensured to be completely soaked in the graphene dispersion liquid in the doping process.

In the present invention, the doping is preferably carried out under ultrasonic conditions, the power of the ultrasonic is preferably 0.35kW, and the frequency is preferably 40 kHz; the ultrasonic machine used for the ultrasonic treatment is not particularly limited in the present invention, and any ultrasonic machine known in the art may be used.

In the invention, the doping temperature is preferably 10-30 ℃, more preferably 15-25 ℃, and the time is preferably 4-8 hours, more preferably 5-6 hours; the time for the standing is preferably 12 hours.

In the present invention, the drying mode is preferably drying, and the drying temperature is preferably 40 ℃.

The doping amount of the graphene in the graphene doped raw wood chip is not specially limited, and the graphene doped raw wood chip with the corresponding doping amount is obtained by immersing and doping according to the process.

The seawater power generation device provided by the invention comprises two grid hollow electrodes, wherein two surfaces, which are vertical to the thickness direction, in the graphene-doped raw wood chip are respectively attached to the two hollow electrodes; the grid hollow-out electrodes and the graphene-doped log sheet are attached to each other in the same surface area.

In the invention, the grid hollow-out electrode is preferably made of an inert electrode material, and the inert electrode material preferably comprises a carbon fiber net, carbon fiber cloth or a plastic grid coated with conductive carbon paste. The aperture and porosity of the grid hollow electrode are not particularly limited in the invention, and the grid hollow electrode can be obtained from commercial products well known in the field. The specification of the carbon fiber net and the carbon fiber cloth is not particularly limited, and the carbon fiber net and the carbon fiber cloth can be commercially available products well known in the field; in the examples of the present invention, the carbon fiber cloth had a diameter of 50mm, a thickness of 0.36mm and a surface resistivity of 1.89 M.OMEGA.cm²。

In the present invention, the material of the plastic mesh preferably includes Polyester (PET), Polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Polyoxymethylene (POM), Polyamide (PA), Polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). In the present invention, the preparation process of the conductive carbon paste-coated plastic mesh is preferably to dip the plastic mesh in the conductive carbon paste. The conductive carbon paste is not particularly limited, and may be any commercially available conductive carbon paste known in the art; the invention has no special limitation on the dipping process, and the dipping times are adjusted according to the well-known process in the field according to the requirements to ensure that the conductive carbon paste is continuously and uniformly coated in the plastic grid.

According to the invention, the graphene doped original wood chip is preferably fixed by an elastic material to be attached to the grid hollow electrode; the elastic material preferably comprises a rubber band. According to the invention, the graphene-doped raw wood chips and the grid hollow electrodes are bound and fixed by preferably using an elastic material, so that the raw wood chips are prevented from being separated from the electrodes after being soaked in water, and the accuracy of measurement data is ensured.

In the invention, the shape of the graphene doped original wood sheet is preferably the same as that of the grid hollow electrode. The area of the graphene doped raw wood sheet is not specially limited, and can be adjusted according to actual requirements; according to the invention, the area of the grid hollow electrode is the same as that of the graphene doped raw wood chip, so that the potential difference between the grid hollow electrode and the graphene doped raw wood chip is fully induced in the use process of the seawater power generation device.

The invention provides a use method of the seawater power generation device in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:

after the two grid hollow electrodes of the seawater power generation device in the technical scheme are connected with electric equipment through a lead, one end face of the grid hollow electrodes, which is attached to the graphene-doped log piece, is completely immersed in seawater, and the other end face of the grid hollow electrodes is exposed in the air to generate power.

In the present invention, the electric device preferably includes an electric lamp, a micro-sensing device, a micro-robot or a switch; the electric lamp, the micro-sensor device, the micro-robot or the switch are not particularly limited in the present invention, and corresponding devices well known in the art may be used.

The process of connecting the electric devices through the wires is not particularly limited, and may be performed according to a process known in the art.

In the invention, the seawater is preferably simulated seawater, and the simulated seawater is preferably a sodium chloride aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-0.7 mol/L, and more preferably a 0.6mol/L sodium chloride aqueous solution. The invention has no special limit on the immersion degree, and can normally generate electricity.

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Cutting beech into round beech pieces with the thickness of 10mm and the diameter of 50mm, enabling the thickness direction of the round beech pieces to be consistent with the growth direction of a guide pipe, completely immersing the round beech pieces in N-methylpyrrolidone graphene dispersion liquid with the concentration of 1mg/mL, placing the round beech pieces in an ultrasonic cleaning machine, carrying out ultrasonic vibration for 4 hours under the conditions of the ultrasonic power of 0.35kW, the ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz and the temperature of 10 ℃, placing the round beech pieces for 12 hours, taking out the round beech pieces, and drying the round beech pieces at 40 ℃ to obtain graphene-doped beech pieces;

a circular carbon fiber cloth (thickness 0.36mm, surface resistivity 1.89 M.OMEGA.. multidot.cm) having a diameter of 50mm was used²) The two pieces of the carbon fiber cloth are respectively attached to the upper end and the lower end of the graphene-doped beech sheet, bound and fixed by a rubber band, and connected through a lead to obtain the seawater power generation device.

In order to prove the power generation condition of the seawater power generation device in example 1, as shown in fig. 2, after an ammeter or a voltmeter is connected between two pieces of carbon fiber cloth of the seawater power generation device in example 1 through a lead, the device is placed in a sodium chloride aqueous solution (simulated seawater) with a concentration of 0.6mol/L, one end face of the device, where the carbon fiber cloth and the graphene-doped raw wood chip are attached to each other, is completely immersed in the solution, the other end face is exposed in the air, open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current are respectively recorded by using the voltmeter and the ammeter, and the obtained data are shown in fig. 3.

In fig. 3, (a) and (b) record the open circuit voltage and the short circuit current, respectively, and it can be seen from fig. 3 that the open circuit voltage is stabilized at 35mV and the short circuit current is finally stabilized at 2.3 μ a.

Example 2

Cutting pine wood into circular pine wood chips with the thickness of 10mm and the diameter of 50mm, enabling the thickness direction of the circular pine wood chips to be consistent with the growth direction of a guide pipe, completely immersing the obtained circular pine wood chips in N-methylpyrrolidone graphene dispersion liquid with the concentration of 1mg/mL, placing the circular pine wood chips in an ultrasonic cleaning machine, carrying out ultrasonic vibration for 4 hours under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 0.35kW, ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz and temperature of 10 ℃, placing the circular pine wood chips for 12 hours, taking out the circular pine wood chips, and drying the circular pine wood chips at 40 ℃ to obtain graphene doped pine wood chips;

a carbon fiber cloth (thickness 0.36mm, surface resistivity 1.89 M.OMEGA.. multidot.cm) having a diameter of 50mm was used²) The two pieces of the carbon fiber cloth are respectively attached to the upper end and the lower end of the graphene-doped pine wood sheet, bound and fixed by a rubber band, and connected through a lead to obtain the seawater power generation device.

In order to prove the power generation condition of the seawater power generation device in example 2, after connecting a voltmeter between two pieces of carbon fiber cloth of the seawater power generation device through a lead, placing the two pieces of carbon fiber cloth in an aqueous solution of sodium chloride with a concentration of 0.6mol/L, ensuring that one end surface of the device, where the carbon fiber cloth and the graphene-doped log sheet are attached to each other, is completely immersed in the solution, the other end surface is exposed in the air, and recording an open-circuit voltage by using the voltmeter, wherein the obtained result is shown in fig. 4, and it can be seen from fig. 4 that the open-circuit voltage is stabilized at 34 mV.

Example 3

Cutting basswood into round basswood pieces with the thickness of 10mm and the diameter of 50mm, enabling the thickness direction of the round basswood pieces to be consistent with the growth direction of a guide pipe, completely immersing the round basswood pieces in N-methyl pyrrolidone graphene dispersion liquid with the concentration of 1mg/mL, placing the round basswood pieces in an ultrasonic cleaning machine, carrying out ultrasonic vibration for 4 hours under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 0.35kW, ultrasonic frequency of 40kHz and temperature of 10 ℃, placing the round basswood pieces for 12 hours, taking out the round basswood pieces, and drying the round basswood pieces at 40 ℃ to obtain graphene doped basswood pieces;

a carbon fiber cloth (thickness 0.36mm, surface resistivity 1.89 M.OMEGA.. multidot.cm) having a diameter of 50mm was used²) The two pieces of the carbon fiber cloth are respectively attached to the upper end and the lower end of the graphene-doped basswood sheet, bound and fixed by a rubber band, and connected through a lead to obtain the seawater power generation device.

In order to prove the power generation condition of the seawater power generation device in example 3, after two pieces of carbon fiber cloth of the seawater power generation device are connected with a voltmeter through a lead, the two pieces of carbon fiber cloth are placed in a sodium chloride solution with the concentration of 0.6mol/L, one end face of the device, where the carbon fiber cloth and the graphene-doped log sheet are attached to each other, is completely immersed in the solution, the other end face is exposed in the air, and the voltmeter is used to record the open-circuit voltage, so that the obtained result is shown in fig. 5; as can be seen from fig. 5, the open circuit voltage stabilized at 15 mV.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.