阅读说明：本技术 用于自动操纵的设备和方法 (Apparatus and method for automatic steering ) 是由 塞巴斯蒂安·施瓦茨 马蒂亚斯·埃利希 于 2018-04-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于自动操纵尤其可在多个挡位之间进行切换的变速器(20)的设备(21),其具有可往复运动的细长的操纵元件(28)和至少一个待用润滑剂润滑的部位(35)。为了简化尤其可在多个挡位之间进行切换的变速器的操纵,细长的操纵元件(28)包括润滑剂通道(32),所述润滑剂通道将润滑剂储备容器(38)与待润滑的部位(35)连通。(The invention relates to a device (21) for automatically actuating a transmission (20), in particular switchable between a plurality of gears, comprising an elongate actuating element (28) which can be moved back and forth and at least one region (35) to be lubricated with a lubricant. In order to simplify the actuation of the transmission, which can be shifted in particular between a plurality of gears, the elongated actuating element (28) comprises a lubricant duct (32) which connects a lubricant reservoir (38) to the location (35) to be lubricated.)

1. A device (1; 21) for automatically actuating a transmission (20), in particular switchable between a plurality of gears, having an elongate actuating element (8; 28) which can be moved to and fro and at least one location (35) to be lubricated with lubricant, characterized in that the elongate actuating element (28) comprises a lubricant duct (32) which connects a lubricant reservoir (38) to the location (35) to be lubricated.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elongated handling element (28) is internally hollow to realize the lubricant channel (32).

3. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a free end (30) of the elongated operating element (28) is supported in a blind hole (39) which contains the lubricant reservoir (38) and implements a closed stroke volume which is delimited by the free end (30) of the elongated operating element (28).

4. the device according to claim 3, characterized in that the blind hole (39) has a larger volume for accommodating the lubricant than the lubricant channel (32).

5. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elongated handling element (28) is combined with a line adapter (33) which extends the lubricant channel (32) of the elongated handling element (28) towards the location (35) to be lubricated.

6. An arrangement according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the elongate operating element (28) is an actuator shaft of a mechanical shift actuator (23) of a transmission (20) which can be switched between a plurality of gears.

7. A system with a lubricant sump (41, 42) and with an apparatus (21) according to any one of the preceding claims.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that the lubricant reservoir (38) communicates with the lubricant sump (41, 42) via a connecting channel (44).

9. System according to claim 8, characterized in that the connecting channel (44) between the lubricant sump (41, 42) and the lubricant reservoir (38) is released or closed in dependence on the axial movement of the elongated operating element (28).

10. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the connecting channel (44) between the lubricant sump (41, 42) and the lubricant reservoir (38) is closed by the elongated operating element (28) when the free end (30) of the elongated operating element (28) is moved into the lubricant reservoir (38).

11. Method for automatically actuating a transmission (20) by means of an elongate actuating element, in particular by means of a mechanical shift actuator (3; 23), in particular by means of a device (1; 21) according to one of claims 1 to 6, comprising an actuator shaft (8; 28) and having at least one location (35) to be lubricated with a lubricant, which transmission is in particular switchable between a plurality of gears, characterized in that, in particular in a system according to one of claims 7 to 10, the elongate actuating element, in particular the actuator shaft (8; 28), is used to implement a lubricant pump by means of which the lubricant is delivered to one or the location (35) to be lubricated.

12. A shift actuator (3; 23), an elongated operating element, in particular an actuator shaft (8; 28), and/or a line adapter (33) for a device (1; 21) according to one of claims 1 to 6.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device for automatically actuating a transmission, in particular shiftable between a plurality of gears, having an elongate actuating element that can be moved to and fro and at least one point to be lubricated with a lubricant. The invention also relates to a system having a lubricant sump and having such a device.

Background

From the modified german patent document DE 19713423C 5, an apparatus and a method for automatically actuating a transmission which can be shifted between a plurality of gears by means of a torque transmission system which can be actuated automatically at least during shifting are known, which has at least one actuating element which can be driven by a drive unit and at least one actuating shifting element which is arranged on the transmission side.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to simplify the automatic handling by means of a reciprocatable elongated handling element and at least one location to be lubricated with lubricant.

This object is achieved in an apparatus for automatically actuating a transmission, which can be shifted in particular between a plurality of gears, having a reciprocatable, elongate actuating element and at least one location to be lubricated with lubricant, in that the elongate actuating element comprises a lubricant duct which communicates a lubricant reservoir with the location to be lubricated and/or tempered. The elongate actuating element, in addition to its original actuating function, also serves to supply lubricant and/or temperature control agent to the region to be lubricated and/or temperature-controlled. Thereby improving the functionality and increasing the service life of the device.

A preferred embodiment of the device is characterized in that the elongate actuating element is hollow in order to realize the lubricant duct. The embodiment of the elongated actuating element as a hollow shaft is relatively simple to produce. The elongate actuating element is advantageously open at both ends thereof for the purpose of realizing a lubricant channel. In this way, it is possible in a simple manner to achieve that the lubricant and/or the temperature control agent enters at one end of the elongate actuating element and escapes at the other end.

A further preferred embodiment of the device is characterized in that the free end of the elongate actuating element is mounted in a blind hole which contains a lubricant reservoir and which implements a closed stroke volume which is delimited by the free end of the elongate actuating element. The end of the actuator shaft which projects from the actuator, for example, is referred to as the free end of the elongate actuating element. At the free end of the elongated actuating element, for example, an actuating element, such as a shift finger, is provided, by means of which an actuating operation, such as a shifting operation of a gear preselected in the transmission, is carried out in cooperation with a further element, in particular a transmission element. By arranging the free end of the elongated actuating element in the blind hole, the pumping action of the elongated actuating element can be achieved in a simple manner when the elongated actuating element is moved in the axial direction during an actuation, for example during a selection, in particular in a transmission. For sealing between the free end of the elongated actuating element and the blind hole, a gap seal can be used, for example. Alternatively or additionally, a sealing device can be mounted on the end face at the free end of the elongate actuating element.

A further preferred embodiment of the device is characterized in that the blind hole has a larger volume for receiving the lubricant than the lubricant channel. The previously described pumping action of the elongated actuating element can thereby be achieved in a simple manner.

A further preferred embodiment of the device is characterized in that the elongated actuating element is combined with a line adapter which extends the lubricant duct of the elongated actuating element towards the location to be lubricated. On the end of the elongate actuating element facing away from the lubricant reservoir, the line adapter comprises, for example, a bent pipe extension. Via the bent pipe extension, the lubricant can be guided in a targeted manner by the elongated actuating element to the location to be lubricated.

A further preferred embodiment of the device is characterized in that the elongated operating element is an actuator shaft of a mechanical shift actuator of a transmission which is shiftable between a plurality of gears. The mechanical shift actuator is simply referred to as an actuator. The actuator comprises at least one electric motor, by means of which an actuator movement can be generated, which causes a rotational and/or axial movement of the actuator shaft. The actuator can also comprise two electric motors. The axial movement of the actuator shaft can then be caused by one of the electric motors in order to carry out a selection movement, for example by means of an actuating element, such as a shift finger, on one end of the actuator shaft. By means of a further electric motor, a rotation of the gear shift shaft or of the actuator shaft can be brought about in order to carry out a gear shift process, for example by means of an actuating element, such as a shift finger. The mechanical shift actuator comprises, for example, a spindle drive for converting a rotary motion of an electric motor shaft into an axial motion of an actuator shaft. Axial refers to a direction along or parallel to the longitudinal axis and/or the rotational axis of the actuator shaft. The lubricant and/or temperature control agent is, for example, an oil, in particular a transmission oil, or a grease, also referred to as a grease. The spindle drive is used in a shift actuator to realize a transmission stage. The efficiency of the gear stage, i.e. the efficiency of a spindle drive lubricated with grease, for example, is extremely temperature-dependent. This temperature dependency influences the dynamics of the transmission during shifting, which is an important characteristic value in automatic transmissions. The lubricant channel in the actuator shaft can improve the lubrication and/or temperature control at the location to be lubricated and/or temperature controlled, for example, of the spindle drive, so that the best possible efficiency can be achieved for the spindle drive over the entire operating temperature range.

The above object is alternatively or additionally achieved by a system having a lubricant sump and having the above-described arrangement. The lubricant from the lubricant sump can be supplied to the location to be lubricated via the elongate actuating element in a particularly advantageous manner.

A preferred embodiment of the system is characterized in that the lubricant reservoir communicates with the lubricant sump via a connecting channel. By actively using the lubricant in the oil sump, it is possible in a simple manner to ensure that the lubricant and/or the temperature control agent is always sufficiently located in the lubricant reservoir.

A further preferred embodiment of the system is characterized in that the connecting channel between the lubricant sump and the lubricant reservoir is released or closed as a function of the axial movement of the elongate actuating element. The free end of the elongated actuating element in the blind hole is then a shutter. The connection channel is then a control connection which can be embodied as a bore. This hole can be referred to as a control hole and therefore functions like an exhaust hole in a clutch actuator.

A further preferred embodiment of the system is characterized in that the connecting channel between the lubricant sump and the lubricant reservoir is closed by the elongate actuating element when the free end of the elongate actuating element is moved into the lubricant reservoir. The elongate actuating element then acts like a piston, by means of which the aforementioned pumping action is produced. The lubricant and/or temperature control agent in the closed lubricant reservoir is then pressed through the lubricant duct in the elongate actuating element to the point to be lubricated and/or temperature controlled.

In a method for automatically actuating a transmission, which can be shifted between a plurality of gears, in particular by means of a mechanical shift actuator, in particular by means of the aforementioned device, comprising an elongate actuating element, in particular by means of a mechanical shift actuator, which comprises an actuator shaft and has at least one point to be lubricated with lubricant, the above object is alternatively or additionally achieved in that the elongate actuating element is used to implement a lubricant pump, by means of which lubricant is supplied to one or the points to be lubricated. In this way, the lubrication and/or temperature control at the points to be lubricated and/or temperature controlled, for example, of the mechanical spindle drive, can be maintained over the entire operating temperature range.

The invention also relates to a shift actuator, an elongated actuating element, in particular an actuator shaft, and/or a line adapter for the aforementioned device. The components may be traded separately.

Drawings

Further advantages, features and details of the invention are taken from the following description, in which different embodiments are explained in detail with reference to the drawings. The figures show:

Fig. 1 shows a simplified cross-sectional view of a device for automatically actuating a transmission with a mechanical shift actuator, which comprises a spindle drive;

FIG. 2 shows another cross-sectional view of the mechanical shift actuator of FIG. 1 with the actuator shaft;

Fig. 3 shows a shift actuator similar to that in fig. 2 with an actuator shaft embodied as a hollow shaft, which is mounted with its free end in a blind hole communicating with an oil sump, wherein the actuator shaft is in its uppermost position;

FIG. 4 shows the apparatus of FIG. 2 with the actuator shaft in its lowermost position;

Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of the device in fig. 3 for illustrating the dimensioning of the volume filled with lubricant.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 and 2 show different sectional views of a device 1 for automatically actuating a transmission that can be shifted between a plurality of gears. The transmission is not shown in fig. 1 and 2, but is indicated in fig. 3 and 4 only by reference numeral 20.

The device 1 comprises a mechanical shift actuator 3 with a spindle drive 6 arranged in an actuator housing 7. The mechanical shift actuator can include one motor or two motors. The motor is preferably an electric motor 4. The spindle drive 6 is used in the mechanical shift actuator 3 to implement a kinematic transmission path.

In fig. 2, it can be seen that an actuator shaft 8, also referred to as a gear shift shaft, projects with a free end 10 from an actuator housing 7 of the mechanical shift actuator 3. An actuating element 9 is mounted on the actuator or selector shaft 8 outside the actuator housing 7. The actuating element 9 comprises, for example, at least one shift finger for engaging a preselected gear in the transmission.

In the mechanical shift actuator 3, a shifting movement is generated by actuating a spindle drive 6 which is lubricated by means of a lubricant, such as grease or oil. The efficiency of the spindle drive 6, which represents the gear stage, is very temperature-dependent. Due to this characteristic or the temperature dependency, the dynamics of the transmission during shifting are influenced, which is a very important characteristic value in automatic transmissions.

Fig. 3 and 4 show a longitudinal section through a device 21 for automatically actuating a transmission 20 that can be shifted between a plurality of gears and different actuation states. The design of the device 21 advantageously enables improved lubrication and/or temperature control, so that the best possible efficiency for the spindle drive integrated in the device 21 can be achieved over the entire operating temperature range of the device 21.

This is advantageously achieved by actively using lubricant from the lubricant sump, in particular transmission oil, for lubricating and/or tempering the spindle drive. The lubricant sump is indicated in fig. 3 and 4 by wavy lines 41 and 42.

The mechanical shift actuator 23 comprises an actuator housing 27, in which a spindle drive (not shown and described in detail) is arranged. An actuator shaft 28, also referred to as a shift shaft, projects with a free end 30 from the actuator housing 27 (at the bottom in fig. 3 and 4). An actuating element 29 is arranged on the actuator shaft 8 outside the actuator housing 7, said actuating element 29 comprising at least one shift finger.

The actuator shaft 28 of the mechanical shift actuator 23 shown in fig. 3 and 4 is embodied as a hollow shaft. As a result, a pumping action can be achieved by means of the actuator shaft 28 when the shift actuator 23 is operated. The pumping action of the shift actuator 23 can be particularly advantageous as a side effect during the selective movement of the shift actuator 23. When the selection movement is carried out, the actuator or selector shaft 28 is moved in the axial direction, i.e. downward or upward in fig. 3 and 4.

The lubricant duct 32 extends in the actuator shaft 28, which is embodied as a hollow shaft. The lubricant channel 32 is extended by a line adapter 33 embodied as a pipe extension 34 to a point 35 in the actuator housing 27 to be lubricated and/or tempered. For this purpose, one end of the pipe extension 34 is bent 90 degrees. A lubricant, which advantageously serves to lubricate the spindle drive in the actuator housing 27, escapes at the free end of the pipe extension 34 of the line adapter 33.

The hollow shift or actuator shaft 28 is an oil path to the point 35 to be lubricated. The lubricant line or oil circuit originates from a lubricant reservoir 38 which is delimited by a blind bore 39 in which the actuator shaft 28 is mounted by its free end 30. The blind hole 39 is left free in a housing body 40, which is, for example, part of a housing (not shown in detail) of the transmission 20.

A housing body 40 with a blind bore 39 is arranged in a lubricant sump or transmission sump, indicated by two wavy lines 41, 42. The volume of the blind hole 39 is particularly advantageously a closed stroke volume for the free end 30 of the actuator shaft 28. In addition to this, the blind hole 39 in the housing body 40 is a transmission-side bearing for the gear shift shaft or the actuator shaft 28. The support bearing is embodied to some extent as a closed cylinder by means of a blind hole 39 in the housing body 40.

the blind hole 39 communicates with the lubricant sumps 41, 42 via a connecting passage 44. The connecting channel 44 is embodied as a through-hole 45, in particular a transverse hole, in the housing body 40. In this case, the connecting channel 44 is advantageously provided such that the communication between the blind hole 39 and the lubricant sump 41, 42 is released only when the actuator or gear shift shaft 28 is in its uppermost selection position, as shown in fig. 3, by the actuator or gear shift shaft 28.

In this state, the blind hole 39, which is the support bearing for the actuator shaft 28, is filled with lubricant, in particular oil, from the lubricant sump 41. When the shift shaft 28 is moved toward the lower selection position, i.e., downward from its uppermost position shown in fig. 3, the shift shaft 28 closes the connecting channel 44, which is thus a control opening.

in addition, lubricant in the blind hole or the support bearing 39 is pressed by the shift shaft 28, which moves downward in fig. 3 and 4, in order to achieve the desired pumping action of the actuator 23. The lubricant pressed by the downwardly moving shift shaft 28 is advantageously conveyed from the blind hole 39 through the lubricant duct 32 to the region 35 to be lubricated in the actuator housing 27, as is indicated in fig. 4 by the arrows 48, 49.

The seal between the gear shift shaft 28 and the support bearing 39 is embodied as a gap seal in the illustration of fig. 3 and 4. The sealing can also be achieved, as a departure from the illustration, by means of a sealing device mounted on the shift shaft end side at the free end 30.

The device 21 of fig. 3 and 4 is shown in a simplified schematic form in fig. 5. The end face of the gear shift shaft or actuator shaft 28, which serves as a piston face, is indicated by a double arrow 51. The cross section of the lubricant channel 32 is indicated by arrows 53, 54. The stroke length of the shift shaft 28 is indicated by a dashed double arrow 55. The length of the lubricant channel 32 is indicated by the dashed double arrow 56.

In order to ensure a minimum lubrication effect at the point 35 to be lubricated by the lubricant supplied from the blind hole 39, the volume of the lubricant must be dimensioned such that the product of the piston surface 51 of the shift shaft 28 and the stroke length 55 of the shift shaft 28 is greater than the product of the cross-sectional areas 53, 54 of the lubricant duct 32 and the length 56 of the lubricant duct 32.

List of reference numerals

1 apparatus

3 mechanical type gear shifting actuator

4 electric motor

6 lead screw transmission device

7 actuator casing

8 elongated actuating element, in particular actuator shaft

9 operating element

10 free end

20 speed variator

21 device

23 mechanical gear shifting actuator

27 actuator case

28 elongate actuating element, in particular actuator shaft

29 actuating element

30 free end

32 lubricant passages

33 pipeline adapter

34 pipe extension piece

35 part (b)

38 lubricant reservoir

39 blind hole

40 casing body

41 wavy line

42 wavy line

44 connecting channel

45 through hole

48 arrow head

49 arrow head

51 double arrow

53 arrow head

54 arrow head

55 double arrow

56 double arrow