Wave-transparent composite material half cover and preparation method thereof
阅读说明：本技术 一种透波复合材料半罩及其制备方法 (Wave-transparent composite material half cover and preparation method thereof ) 是由 刘永琪 王宏禹 王海芳 商伟辉 王利彬 林再文 于 2019-09-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种透波复合材料半罩,包括：壳体蒙皮,其为空心圆台结构；环筋,其周向设置在所述壳体蒙皮内壁上,且沿所述壳体蒙皮轴向阵列；纵筋,其沿壳体蒙皮轴向设置在所述壳体蒙皮内壁上,且沿壳体蒙皮周向阵列；前端法兰加强区,其为圆环形,且同轴设置在所述壳体蒙皮半径较小一侧；后端法兰加强区,其为圆环形,且同轴设置在所述壳体蒙皮半径较大一侧；其中,所述壳体蒙皮、环筋、纵筋、前端法兰加强区和后端法兰加强区均由纤维和树脂复合材料多层铺设而成,且在所述纤维和树脂复合材料中,所述纤维的体积分数为57％～63％。在半罩内壁周向和轴向分别设置有多组环筋和纵筋,使其具备优异的力学性能。本发明还公开一种透波复合材料半罩的制备方法。(The invention discloses a wave-transparent composite material half cover, which comprises: the shell skin is of a hollow round table structure; the annular ribs are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the shell skin and are arrayed along the axial direction of the shell skin; the longitudinal ribs are arranged on the inner wall of the shell skin along the axial direction of the shell skin and are arrayed along the circumferential direction of the shell skin; the front end flange strengthening area is annular and is coaxially arranged on one side of the shell with the smaller radius; the rear end flange strengthening area is annular and is coaxially arranged on one side of the shell with the larger radius; the shell skin, the annular ribs, the longitudinal ribs, the front end flange reinforcing area and the rear end flange reinforcing area are all formed by laying fiber and resin composite materials in multiple layers, and in the fiber and resin composite materials, the volume fraction of fibers is 57% -63%. And a plurality of groups of annular ribs and longitudinal ribs are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the half cover in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, so that the half cover has excellent mechanical properties. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the wave-transparent composite material half cover.)
1. A wave-transparent composite half-cover, comprising:
the shell skin is of a hollow round table structure;
the annular ribs are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the shell skin and are arrayed along the axial direction of the shell skin;
the longitudinal ribs are arranged on the inner wall of the shell skin along the axial direction of the shell skin and are arrayed along the circumferential direction of the shell skin;
the front end flange strengthening area is annular and is coaxially arranged on one side of the shell with the smaller radius;
the rear end flange strengthening area is annular and is coaxially arranged on one side of the shell with the larger radius;
the shell skin, the annular ribs, the longitudinal ribs, the front end flange reinforcing area and the rear end flange reinforcing area are all formed by laying fiber and resin composite materials in multiple layers, and in the fiber and resin composite materials, the volume fraction of fibers is 57% -63%.
2. The wave-transparent composite half-cover according to claim 1, wherein the fiber is one of glass fiber, quartz fiber, and high silica fiber, and the resin is one of cyanate ester, epoxy resin, or amino phenolic resin.
3. The wave-transparent composite half-cover according to claim 2, wherein the fibers have a dielectric constant of 3 to 7; the dielectric constant of the resin is 2.6-3.2.
4. The wave-transparent composite half-cover of claim 2, wherein the wave-transparent composite half-cover has a dielectric constant of 3.3 to 3.6.
5. The wave-transparent composite half-cover according to claim 3, wherein the fiber and resin composite has a coefficient of thermal expansion α in a single 0 ° direction1，-1×10-6/K＜α1＜1×10-6K; the thermal expansion coefficient in the direction of 90 degrees of a single layer is alpha2，15×10-6/K＜α2＜35×10-6/K。
6. The wave-transparent composite half-cover of claim 4, wherein the shell skin, the annular ribs, the longitudinal ribs, the front end flange reinforcing area and the rear end flange reinforcing area are all laid by groups of fiber and resin prepregs;
the axial side of the first layer of the fiber and resin composite material is in the 0-degree direction, each group of the fiber and resin composite material is formed by laying 4 layers of fiber and resin prepreg, the laying angles are 0 degree, 90 degrees, plus theta degrees, minus theta degrees, 30 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less in sequence, and the laying thickness is 0.2 mm.
7. A preparation method of a wave-transparent composite material half cover is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: laying 3-5 groups of prepreg made of fiber and resin composite materials on a split mold of a metal male mold, assembling the split mold into a whole, screwing a connecting bolt of the split mold to pre-compact the prepreg, and forming an annular rib and a longitudinal rib structure of the prepreg;
in the fiber and resin composite material, the volume fraction of the fibers is 57-63%, each group of the fiber and resin composite material is formed by laying 4 layers of fibers and resin prepreg, the laying angle is 0 degree, 90 degrees, + theta degrees, -theta degrees, theta between 30 degrees and 60 degrees, and the laying thickness is 0.2 mm;
step 2: laying a plurality of groups of prepreg of the fiber and resin composite material on split molds at two ends of the longitudinal rib to form structures of a reinforcing area of a front end flange and a reinforcing area of a rear end flange of the prepreg; a plurality of groups of prepregs made of the fiber and resin composite materials are laid in the circumferential direction of the structure formed by the encircling ribs and the longitudinal ribs to form a prepreg shell skin structure;
and step 3: after the layering is compacted, the composite material half cover with the reinforced longitudinal ring rib structure is obtained through curing and forming;
wherein the curing temperature is 120-200 ℃, and the curing time is 2-5 h.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the fiber is one of glass fiber, quartz fiber, and high silica fiber, and the resin is one of cyanate ester, epoxy resin, or amino phenolic resin.
9. The method of making a wave-transparent composite half-cover of claim 8, wherein the fiber and resin composite has a coefficient of thermal expansion in a single 0 ° direction of α1，-1×10-6/K＜α1＜1×10-6K; the thermal expansion coefficient in the direction of 90 degrees of a single layer is alpha2，15×10-6/K＜α2＜35×10-6/K。
10. The method for preparing the wave-transparent composite half-cover according to claim 9, wherein the dielectric constant of the fibers is 3 to 7; the dielectric constant of the resin is 2.6-3.2, and the dielectric constant of the wave-transparent composite material half cover is 3.3-3.6.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material preparation, in particular to a wave-transparent composite material half cover and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In order to realize the light weight of new generation weaponry, the excellent comprehensive performance of high structure bearing performance, strong electron pair resistance and the like, and the performance of wave-transmitting materials in the high-tech fields of aerospace and the like, higher and higher requirements are provided. The wave-transmitting material not only needs to meet the wave-transmitting performance requirement of the radar antenna with increasingly high power, but also needs to have the characteristics of resistance reduction, rectification and high-strength load bearing.
Meanwhile, most of the existing wave-transparent material structural parts are formed by assembling a metal framework and a material shell, and have the defects of heavy weight and stress concentration caused by inconsistent cold and hot expansion coefficients of the metal and the material shell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a wave-transmitting composite material half cover, which is designed and developed, wherein a plurality of groups of annular ribs and longitudinal ribs are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the half cover in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, so that the half cover has excellent mechanical properties, and the technical defects of large weight and inconsistent cold and hot expansion coefficients of the traditional wave-transmitting material structural member are overcome.
The invention also aims to design and develop a preparation method of the wave-transparent composite material half cover, which is characterized in that a plurality of groups of prepregs made of glass fiber and resin composite material are laid on a metal male die split mold, and the laying sequence and angle of the fiber and resin prepregs are controlled to form a prepreg annular rib and longitudinal rib structure, so that the prepreg annular rib and longitudinal rib structure has excellent mechanical properties, and the technical defects of large weight and inconsistent cold and hot expansion coefficients of the traditional wave-transparent material structural part are overcome.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a wave-transparent composite half-cover comprising:
the shell skin is of a hollow round table structure;
the annular ribs are circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the shell skin and are arrayed along the axial direction of the shell skin;
the longitudinal ribs are arranged on the inner wall of the shell skin along the axial direction of the shell skin and are arrayed along the circumferential direction of the shell skin;
the front end flange strengthening area is annular and is coaxially arranged on one side of the shell with the smaller radius;
the rear end flange strengthening area is annular and is coaxially arranged on one side of the shell with the larger radius;
the shell skin, the annular ribs, the longitudinal ribs, the front end flange reinforcing area and the rear end flange reinforcing area are all formed by laying fiber and resin composite materials in multiple layers, and in the fiber and resin composite materials, the volume fraction of fibers is 57% -63%.
Preferably, the fiber is one of glass fiber, quartz fiber and high silica fiber, and the resin is one of cyanate ester, epoxy resin or amino phenolic resin.
Preferably, the dielectric constant of the fiber is 3-7; the dielectric constant of the resin is 2.6-3.2.
Preferably, the dielectric constant of the wave-transparent composite material half cover is 3.3-3.6.
Preferably, the fiber and resin composite material has a coefficient of thermal expansion α in a single layer 0 ° direction1，-1×10-6/K＜α1＜1×10-6K; the thermal expansion coefficient in the direction of 90 degrees of a single layer is alpha2，15×10-6/K＜α2＜35×10-6/K。
Preferably, the shell skin, the annular ribs, the longitudinal ribs, the front end flange reinforcing area and the rear end flange reinforcing area are all formed by paving a plurality of groups of fiber and resin composite materials;
wherein, the axial direction of one side of the first layer of the fiber and resin composite material is 0 degree, each group of the fiber and resin composite material is formed by laying 4 layers of fiber and resin prepreg, the laying angle is 0 degree, 90 degrees, plus theta degrees, minus theta degrees, 30 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less, and the laying thickness is 0.2 mm.
A preparation method of a wave-transparent composite material half cover comprises the following steps:
step 1: laying 3-5 groups of prepreg made of fiber and resin composite materials on a split mold of a metal male mold, assembling the split mold into a whole, screwing a connecting bolt of the split mold to pre-compact the prepreg, and forming an annular rib and a longitudinal rib structure of the prepreg;
in the fiber and resin composite material, the volume fraction of the fibers is 57-63%, each group of the fiber and resin composite material is formed by laying 4 layers of fibers and resin composite materials, the laying angle is 0 degree, 90 degrees, + theta, -theta, theta is larger than or equal to 30 degrees and smaller than or equal to 60 degrees, and the laying thickness is 0.2 mm;
step 2: laying a plurality of groups of prepreg of the fiber and resin composite material on split molds at two ends of the longitudinal rib to form structures of a reinforcing area of a front end flange and a reinforcing area of a rear end flange of the prepreg; a plurality of groups of prepregs made of the fiber and resin composite materials are laid in the circumferential direction of the structure formed by the encircling ribs and the longitudinal ribs to form a prepreg shell skin structure;
and step 3: after the layering is compacted, the composite material half cover with the reinforced longitudinal ring rib structure is obtained through curing and forming;
wherein the curing temperature is 120-200 ℃, and the curing time is 2-5 h.
Preferably, the fiber is one of glass fiber, quartz fiber and high silica fiber, and the resin is one of cyanate ester, epoxy resin or amino phenolic resin.
Preferably, the heat of the fiber and resin composite material is in a single layer 0 DEG directionCoefficient of expansion of alpha1，-1×10-6/K＜α1＜1×10-6K; the thermal expansion coefficient in the direction of 90 degrees of a single layer is alpha2，15×10-6/K＜α2＜35×10-6/K。
Preferably, the dielectric constant of the fiber is 3-7; the dielectric constant of the resin is 2.6-3.2, and the dielectric constant of the wave-transparent composite material half cover is 3.3-3.6.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the wave-transparent composite material half cover designed and developed by the invention, the inner wall of the half cover is respectively provided with a plurality of groups of annular ribs and longitudinal ribs in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, so that the wave-transparent composite material half cover has excellent mechanical properties, and the technical defects of large weight and inconsistent cold and hot expansion coefficients of the traditional wave-transparent material structural member are overcome.
(2) According to the preparation method of the wave-transparent composite material half cover designed and developed by the invention, a plurality of groups of prepreg of glass fiber and resin composite material are laid on the metal male mold split mold, and the laying sequence and angle of the glass fiber and resin composite material are controlled to form the annular rib and longitudinal rib structure of the prepreg, so that the prepreg has excellent mechanical properties, and the technical defects of large weight and inconsistent cold and hot expansion coefficients of the traditional wave-transparent material structural part are overcome.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wave-transparent composite half-cover according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a wave-transparent composite material half cover, which comprises a shell skin 110, which is a hollow truncated cone structure; the inner wall of the shell skin 110 is circumferentially provided with annular ribs 120 which are arrayed along the axial direction of the shell skin 110; longitudinal ribs 130 are arranged on the inner wall of the shell skin 110 along the axial direction of the shell skin 110 and are arrayed along the circumferential direction of the shell skin 110; a front end flange strengthening area 140 which is annular is coaxially arranged on the side of the shell skin 110 with smaller radius; a rear flange reinforcing region 150, which is also annular, is coaxially disposed on the larger radius side of the shell skin 110.
The shell skin 110, the annular ribs 120, the longitudinal ribs 130, the front end flange reinforcing area 140 and the rear end flange reinforcing area 150 are all formed by laying fiber and resin composite materials in multiple layers, and in the fiber and resin composite materials, the volume fraction of the glass fibers is 57% -63%.
The shell skin 110, the annular ribs 120, the longitudinal ribs 130, the front end flange reinforcing area 140 and the rear end flange reinforcing area 150 are all formed by paving a plurality of groups of fiber and resin composite materials; the axial side of the first layer of fiber and resin composite material is in the 0-degree direction, each group of fiber and resin composite material is formed by laying 4 layers of fiber and resin composite material, the laying angle is 0 degree, 90 degrees, plus theta degrees, minus theta degrees, 30 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less in sequence, and the laying thickness is 0.2 mm.
In this embodiment, the fiber is one of a glass fiber, a quartz fiber, and a high silica fiber, and the resin is one of cyanate ester, epoxy resin, or amino phenolic resin. The dielectric constant of the fiber is epsilon, and epsilon is more than 3 and less than 7; the dielectric constant epsilon of the resin is more than 2.6 and less than 3.2; the dielectric constant epsilon of the wave-transparent composite material half cover is more than 3.3 and less than 3.6. The thermal expansion coefficient of the fiber and resin composite material in the direction of 0 degree of a single layer is alpha1，-1×10-6/K＜α1＜1×10-6K; the thermal expansion coefficient in the direction of 90 degrees of a single layer is alpha2，15×10-6/K＜α2＜35×10-6/K。
According to the wave-transparent composite material half cover designed and developed by the invention, the inner wall of the half cover is respectively provided with a plurality of groups of annular ribs and longitudinal ribs in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, so that the wave-transparent composite material half cover has excellent mechanical properties, and the technical defects of large weight and inconsistent cold and hot expansion coefficients of the traditional wave-transparent material structural member are overcome.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the wave-transparent composite material half cover, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: laying 3-5 groups of prepreg made of fiber and resin composite materials on a split mold of a metal male mold, assembling the split mold into a whole, and pre-compacting the prepreg to form a prepreg annular rib and longitudinal rib structure;
in the fiber and resin composite material, the volume fraction of the fibers is 57-63%, each group of the fiber and resin composite material is formed by laying 4 layers of fibers and resin composite materials, the laying angle is 0 degree, 90 degrees, + theta degrees, -theta degrees, 30 degrees or more and 60 degrees or less in sequence, the laying thickness is 0.2mm, the laying circulation of the longitudinal annular ribs is generally 3-5 groups, and the circulation frequency is generally set according to the mechanical load strength of a product;
the fiber is one of glass fiber, quartz fiber and high silica fiber, and the resin is one of cyanate ester, epoxy resin or ammonia phenolic resin. The dielectric constant of the fiber is epsilon, and epsilon is more than 3 and less than 7; the dielectric constant epsilon of the resin is more than 2.6 and less than 3.2; the dielectric constant epsilon of the wave-transparent composite material half cover is more than 3.3 and less than 3.6. The thermal expansion coefficient of the fiber and resin composite material in the direction of 0 degree of a single layer is alpha1，-1×10-6/K＜α1＜1×10-6K; the thermal expansion coefficient in the direction of 90 degrees of a single layer is alpha2，15×10-6/K＜α2＜35×10-6/K。
Step 2: laying a plurality of groups of prepreg of the fiber and resin composite material on split molds at two ends of the longitudinal rib to form structures of a reinforcing area of a front end flange and a reinforcing area of a rear end flange of the prepreg; a plurality of groups of prepregs made of the fiber and resin composite materials are laid in the circumferential direction of the structure formed by the encircling ribs and the longitudinal ribs to form a prepreg shell skin structure;
and step 3: after the layers are compacted and laid by a vacuum bag method, an autoclave process or a metal matched mould process, curing and forming are carried out to obtain the composite material half cover with the reinforced longitudinal ring rib structure;
wherein the curing temperature is 120-200 ℃, and the curing time is 2-5 h.
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