阅读说明：本技术 香菇菌床栽培的管理方法及其应用、香菇菌床的运输搬运方法以及保管方法 (Management method for mushroom bed cultivation and application thereof, and transportation and storage method for mushroom bed ) 是由 枝克昌 于 2018-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种香菇菌床栽培的管理方法及其应用、香菇菌床的运输搬运方法以及保管方法,该香菇菌床栽培的管理方法能够在香菇菌床栽培中,抑制形成于香菇菌床上的子实体的芽(原基)的萌芽(分化),能够调节后续的子实体产生。本发明的香菇菌床栽培的管理方法为将培养过程中的菌床或培养完成后的菌床在25℃～35℃的高温条件下处理6小时～7天,抑制形成于菌床上的子实体的芽(原基)的萌芽(分化)。(The present invention provides a management method for mushroom bed cultivation, which can suppress germination (differentiation) of sprouts (primordia) of fruit bodies formed on a mushroom bed in mushroom bed cultivation and can regulate the generation of subsequent fruit bodies, and an application thereof, and a transportation method and a storage method for mushroom bed cultivation. The management method for mushroom bed cultivation of the present invention is to treat a mushroom bed during cultivation or a mushroom bed after completion of cultivation at a high temperature of 25 to 35 ℃ for 6 hours to 7 days, and to suppress germination (differentiation) of sprouts (primordia) of a fruit body formed on the mushroom bed.)

1. A management method for mushroom bed cultivation, which comprises treating a mushroom bed during cultivation or a mushroom bed after completion of cultivation at a high temperature of 25-35 ℃ for 6 hours to 7 days to suppress germination of sprouts of fruit bodies formed on the mushroom bed, i.e., to suppress differentiation of primordia of the fruit bodies.

2. The method for managing cultivation of a mushroom bed according to claim 1, wherein the mushroom bed during cultivation or the mushroom bed after completion of cultivation is treated at a high temperature of 25 to 28 ℃ for 1 to 7 days.

3. The method for controlling the cultivation of a mushroom bed according to claim 1, wherein the mushroom bed during the cultivation or the mushroom bed after the completion of the cultivation is treated at a high temperature of more than 28 ℃ and 32 ℃ or less for 6 hours to 5 days.

4. The method for controlling the cultivation of a mushroom bed according to claim 1, wherein the mushroom bed during the cultivation or the mushroom bed after the completion of the cultivation is treated at a high temperature of more than 32 ℃ and 35 ℃ or less for 6 hours to 3 days.

5. A method for transporting and carrying a mushroom bed, wherein a mushroom bed during cultivation or a mushroom bed after cultivation is treated by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and a fruiting body is transported and carried without germination from the mushroom bed.

6. The transportation and conveyance method according to claim 5, wherein the fungal bed is transported and conveyed at a temperature of-5 ℃ to 20 ℃ in a state where the fungal bed is placed in the cultivation container; or, the fungal bed is transported and conveyed at a temperature of-5 to 25 ℃ in a state where the fungal bed is taken out from the cultivation container.

7. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for controlling the secondary fruiting step, suppressing the concentrated fruiting and adjusting the number of fruiting bodies generated during the secondary fruiting.

8. A method for storing a mushroom bed, which comprises treating a mushroom bed after completion of cultivation by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and storing the mushroom bed at a low temperature of-5 ℃ to 5 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of shiitake cultivation. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for managing the cultivation of a mushroom bed and the use thereof, and a method for storing a mushroom bed and a method for transporting and transporting a mushroom bed using the management method, in which the germination of primordia of fruit bodies formed in the mushroom bed is suppressed in the cultivation and fruiting steps of the mushroom bed cultivation.

Background

Since primordia of fruit bodies are gradually formed in the fungal bed after the middle stage of cultivation, if a stimulus such as vibration or temperature change is applied to the fungal bed after the middle stage of cultivation, the fruit bodies are often germinated even before the fruiting management step. If a large amount of fruit bodies are produced in the cultivation container, there are serious problems in cultivation, such as a decrease in yield after fruiting management, or spoilage of fruit bodies in the cultivation container, which causes the production of undesired bacteria.

In order to reduce the above-mentioned damage, a method of transporting the fungal bed at a low temperature using a refrigerated container in long-distance transportation is being attempted, but the current situation is not completely suppressed. Further, since the mushroom is stored at a low temperature for a certain period of time, it causes a strong fruiting stimulus to the fungal bed, and the fruiting is excessively concentrated after the shift to fruiting management, so that a small-sized and low-quality fruit body is formed, which causes a problem of low profitability.

In the fungal bed cultivation of shiitake mushrooms, it is generally known that the degree of maturity of the fungal bed increases in proportion to the cultivation time, and the number of first-generation fruit bodies increases when the cultivation shifts to fruiting management. In cultivation (air-conditioning cultivation) in which a facility is provided with cooling and heating equipment, the following management methods are generally adopted: the number of cultivation days of the fungus bed is managed according to the manufacturing batch unit of the fungus bed, and the number of primary fruiting is adjusted to be within a certain range. However, the number of fruiting bodies produced for the first time is not always constant, too large or too small, and varies depending on factors other than the culture environment, such as the quality of raw materials used for producing a fungal bed and variation in inoculation ability, even for the same number of culture days.

In order to reduce the adverse effect caused by the non-uniform maturity of the fungal bed after completion of cultivation, attempts have been made to increase the number of cultivation days or decrease the number of cultivation days so as to adjust the number of primary mushrooms to a desired number, but this state of instability continues. In particular, when the number of days of cultivation is set to be short in order to suppress excessive concentrated fruiting, the degree of maturity of the fungal bed is slightly biased to immature, and although the number of primary fruiting is suppressed, the number of non-fruiting fungal beds is remarkable, and further, the number of fruiting in the 2 nd and 3 rd times is also decreased, and the like, and there is a problem that the yield per fungal bed is decreased.

Therefore, in the present situation, cultivation is performed under conditions in which the degree of maturity of the fungal bed is slightly biased toward over-ripening, and the non-fruiting fungal bed rate is suppressed to a low level, but the ratio of fungal beds where fruiting is excessively concentrated is large, and accordingly, the ratio of low quality of fruit bodies is likely to increase, and the yield is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for managing mushroom bed cultivation, which can suppress the differentiation of primordia formed on a mushroom bed and can regulate the generation of a subsequent fruit body, an application thereof, a method for storing a mushroom bed using the above-mentioned management method, and a method for transporting and transporting a mushroom bed.

Means for solving the problems

The first invention of the present invention relates to a management method for mushroom bed cultivation, which treats a mushroom bed during cultivation or a mushroom bed after completion of cultivation at a high temperature of 25 to 35 ℃ for 6 hours to 7 days to suppress germination (differentiation) of sprouts (primordia) of fruit bodies formed on the mushroom bed. The first invention is characterized in that a fungal bed in a state where a sporophore primordium starts to form on the fungal bed during the cultivation of the fungal bed of Lentinus edodes or a fungal bed in a state where a large amount of primordium is formed on the fungal bed after completion of the cultivation is subjected to a high-temperature treatment.

The effect of inhibiting the differentiation of primordia tends to be improved in proportion to the temperature in the range of 25 to 35 ℃ at a certain treatment time. When the treatment temperature is less than 25 ℃, the effect of inhibiting the primordial differentiation of the fruit body cannot be expected; when the treatment temperature exceeds 35 ℃, the bacterial bed is adversely affected.

In addition, at a certain treatment temperature, the effect of inhibiting the differentiation of primordia tends to be improved in proportion to the treatment time in the range of 6 hours to 7 days. The inhibitory effect could not be confirmed when the treatment time was 3 hours; when the treatment time exceeds 7 days, the inhibitory effect is too strong, and negative effects such as generation of fruit body hardly occur. Further, if the treatment is carried out at 30 ℃ for 14 days or more and at 35 ℃ for 7 days or more, the bacterial bed is adversely affected.

The treatment temperature and the treatment time can be combined according to the heating capacity of the facility, and the effect of suppressing the differentiation of the primordia can be expected under various facility capacities.

In addition, when a certain effect of inhibiting the differentiation of the primordia is expected, the treatment time can be shortened as the treatment temperature is higher.

Preferably, the bacterial bed during the culture or the bacterial bed after the culture is finished is treated at a high temperature of 25 to 28 ℃ for 1 to 7 days, or the bacterial bed during the culture or the bacterial bed after the culture is finished is treated at a high temperature of more than 28 ℃ and 32 ℃ or less for 6 to 5 days, or the bacterial bed during the culture or the bacterial bed after the culture is finished is treated at a high temperature of more than 32 ℃ and 35 ℃ or less for 6 to 3 days.

The second invention of the present invention relates to a method for transporting and carrying a mushroom bed, which is to treat a mushroom bed by the management method of the first invention, when the mushroom bed is transported during culture or when the mushroom bed is cultured.

Specifically, the second invention relates to a method for transporting and transporting a mushroom bed, which comprises treating a mushroom bed during cultivation or a mushroom bed after cultivation according to the method for managing according to the first invention, and transporting a fruit body without germination from the mushroom bed.

Preferably, in the transportation and transportation method, the fungal bed is transported and transported at a temperature of-5 to 20 ℃ in a state of being placed in the cultivation container; or, the fungal bed is transported and conveyed at a temperature of-5 to 25 ℃ in a state where the fungal bed is taken out from the cultivation container.

By using the transportation and carrying method of the present invention, even if the fungal bed is subjected to physical stimulation or temperature stimulation during transportation and carrying, the fruiting body can be transported and carried without germination.

Further, by using the transportation and carrying method of the present invention, the fungal bed can be transported and carried at a temperature of-5 to 20 ℃ in a state of being housed in the cultivation container, and the fungal bed can be transported and carried at a temperature of-5 to 25 ℃ in a state of being taken out from the cultivation container, and the transportation can be carried out in a normal temperature range without using a refrigerated container or the like, so that the transportation cost can be reduced.

The third invention of the present invention relates to an application of the management method according to the first invention to the control of concentrated fruiting in the secondary fruiting step and the adjustment of the number of fruiting bodies generated in the secondary fruiting. The third invention is a method of applying the management method according to the first invention to a fungus bed in fruiting management.

In the fruiting management step of mushroom bed cultivation, although primordia of fruit body are generally formed during the fruiting management, when fruiting cannot be repeated properly and the number of primordia increases and it is predicted that fruiting will be concentrated in the secondary fruiting step, the number of buds generated in the secondary fruiting step can be suppressed properly by applying the management method of the present invention.

The fourth invention of the present invention relates to a method for preserving a mushroom bed, wherein a mushroom bed after completion of cultivation is treated according to the method for managing of the first invention, and then preserved at a low temperature of-5 to 5 ℃. The fourth invention is a method for storing a mushroom bed by treating the cultured mushroom bed by the management method according to the first invention.

By using the storage method of the present invention, when the cultured fungal bed cannot be quickly transferred to the fruiting management, the fungal bed can be managed for a certain period of time in a low-temperature storage.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

The containers used for the cultivation of the mushroom bed include bag-shaped containers, bottle-shaped containers, and box-shaped containers made of polypropylene, and the management method of the present invention can be used for any type of mushroom bed.

In the present invention, the method for managing the mushroom bed includes the following methods.

1. During the transportation of the fungus bed applied to the culture process

When the bacterial bed is transported during the culture process, the following method can be carried out: before 1-5 days of movement of the fungus bed, setting the temperature of the culture chamber to be 25-27 ℃, directly carrying out high-temperature treatment, and transporting to a destination after the treatment is finished; or, a method of setting a dedicated high-temperature control chamber to the above-mentioned temperature, transferring the fungal bed to the high-temperature control chamber, performing high-temperature treatment for 1 to 5 days, and transporting the fungal bed after the treatment is completed.

The transportation can be carried out at normal temperature under the condition that the outside temperature is-5 ℃ to 20 ℃, but the transportation and the transportation are preferably carried under the refrigerated state of 0 ℃ to 5 ℃.

2. When the method is applied to the transportation of the fungus beds after the culture is finished

When the fungal bed is transported after completion of cultivation, the following method may be performed: before 1-7 days of movement of the fungus bed, setting the temperature of the culture chamber to be 25-30 ℃, directly carrying out high-temperature treatment, and transporting to a destination after the treatment is finished; or, a method of setting a special high-temperature control chamber to the above-mentioned temperature, transferring the fungal bed to the high-temperature control chamber, performing high-temperature treatment for 1 to 7 days, and transporting the fungal bed after the treatment is completed.

The transportation can be carried out at normal temperature under the condition that the outside temperature is-5 ℃ to 20 ℃, but the transportation and the transportation are preferably carried under the refrigerated state of 0 ℃ to 5 ℃.

3. When the cultured fungus bed is applied to fruiting management

When the cultivation management and the fruiting management are performed in the same facility, the management can be performed as follows: the temperature of a culture chamber is set to 25 to 35 ℃ 1 to 7 days before fruiting treatment such as cutting and sprouting treatment of a culture container, and after high-temperature treatment for 6 hours to 7 days, usual fruiting treatment is performed, that is, a fungus bed is taken out from the culture container, and management temperature of facilities is changed or water is sprayed to the fungus bed, thereby promoting generation of fruit bodies.

When a high-temperature management chamber is provided for processing, management can be performed as follows: the cultured bacterial bed is transferred to a high-temperature control room set to 25 to 35 ℃ and subjected to a high-temperature treatment for a predetermined period of time. In this case, it is preferable that a small hole having a diameter of about 5mm to 10mm is formed in the space above the cultivation container. After the high-temperature treatment is completed, the fungus bed is transferred to a fruiting chamber, and then the usual fruiting management is carried out to harvest the fruiting body. The conditions (temperature, time) of the high-temperature treatment can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the mushroom species to be used, the transfer distance, and the like.

In the case of a bacterial bed subjected to high-temperature treatment, the final yield per unit time is increased in a bacterial bed in which the culture state is a completely mature state as compared with a bacterial bed slightly biased to an immature state.

4. When being applied to the fungus bed of the fruiting management

If the fruiting body is not generated at an appropriate fruiting interval in the fruiting management, the primordia of the fruiting body are excessively formed, and the fruiting is predicted to be concentrated in the secondary fruiting.

Specifically, the temperature of the fruiting chamber is set to 25 to 30 ℃ before 1 to 7 days of the secondary fruiting treatment, and the high temperature treatment can be performed. Then, usual fruiting management is performed to promote generation of fruiting bodies.

In addition, when the treatment is performed in a high-temperature management chamber, the fungus bed on which secondary fruiting is expected to be performed can be transferred from the fruiting chamber to a high-temperature management chamber set to 25 to 30 ℃ and subjected to high-temperature treatment for 1 to 7 days. Then, the mushroom bed is transferred again to the fruiting chamber, and the fruiting is managed in a usual manner to promote the generation of fruiting bodies.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. These examples do not set any limit to the scope of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be within the scope of the invention.