阅读说明：本技术 一种利用低频超声-酸性溶液的亚麻籽仁脱毒方法 (method for detoxifying flaxseed kernels by using low-frequency ultrasonic-acidic solution ) 是由 赵东宇 田万平 章婷 朱佳南 郭文杰 李思彤 于 2019-08-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种利用低频超声-酸性溶液的亚麻籽仁脱毒方法。本发明的方法具体为：将亚麻籽仁原料置于含有酸性溶液的超声波水浴锅中进行低频超声脱毒,低频超声脱毒结束后,取出亚麻籽仁清洗、干燥,获得脱毒后的亚麻籽仁。本发明采用低频超声和酸溶液相结合的脱毒方法,能够破坏生氰糖苷和β-葡萄糖苷酶的化学结构,从源头上减少氰化氢的生成,具有工艺简单,脱毒效率高,脱毒彻底等优点。(The invention discloses a method for detoxifying flaxseed kernels by using low-frequency ultrasound-acidic solution. The method specifically comprises the following steps: and (2) putting the linseed kernel raw material into an ultrasonic water bath containing an acidic solution for low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification, taking out the linseed kernels after the low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification is finished, and cleaning and drying the linseed kernels to obtain the detoxified linseed kernels. The invention adopts a detoxification method combining low-frequency ultrasound and acid solution, can destroy the chemical structures of cyanogenic glucoside and beta-glucosidase, reduces the generation of hydrogen cyanide from the source, and has the advantages of simple process, high detoxification efficiency, thorough detoxification and the like.)

1. A method for detoxifying flaxseed kernels by using low-frequency ultrasound-acidic solution is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (2) putting the linseed kernel raw material into an ultrasonic water bath containing an acidic solution for low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification, taking out the linseed kernels after the low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification is finished, and cleaning and drying the linseed kernels to obtain the detoxified linseed kernels.

2. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernel using low frequency ultrasound-acidic solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein said acidic solution is an aqueous solution of acetic acid.

3. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernel using low frequency ultrasound-acidic solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein said acidic solution has a pH of 3 to 3.5.

4. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernel by using low frequency ultrasonic-acid solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic power is 200-500w, the frequency is 20 or 30kHz, and the working/pause time is 180s/30 s.

5. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernel using low frequency ultrasound-acid solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein the temperature of ultrasound is 70 ℃.

6. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernel using low frequency ultrasound-acid solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein said low frequency ultrasound detoxification time is 3-4 hours.

7. The method of detoxifying flax seed kernel using low frequency ultrasound-acid solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein said flax seed kernel source material is selected from the group consisting of fresh, ripe, pest and disease free flax seed kernels.

8. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernel using low frequency ultrasound-acidic solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein said flax seed kernel raw material is cleaned with purified water and stored at 4 ℃ until use before detoxification.

9. The method for detoxifying flax seed kernel using low frequency ultrasound-acid solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein said acid solution level in said ultrasonic water bath is higher than flax seed kernel.

10. the method for detoxifying flaxseed kernel using low frequency ultrasound-acidic solution as claimed in claim 1, wherein said flaxseed kernel raw material has a removal rate of cyanogenic glycosides of 98% or more.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a method for detoxifying flaxseed kernels by using low-frequency ultrasonic-acidic solution.

Background

Flax, also known as flax, is one of ten oil crops in the world and is widely distributed in many countries and regions. Flaxseed contains various functional active ingredients, such as alpha-linolenic acid, omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid, flax diglycoside, flavonoid, lignan and the like, flaxseed oil is vegetable oil with the highest omega-3 content in land, is called liquid gold due to the importance to the body, and can supplement the brain by eating walnuts, and the walnuts are rich in omega-3 and metabolites thereof. In addition, the linseed kernel also has certain efficacies of resisting cancer, viruses and thrombus, reducing blood fat, improving skin and arthritis and the like, so the linseed kernel is an excellent health-care food. However, the kernels of the linseed contains a toxic substance, namely cyanogenic glucoside, the cyanogenic glucoside does not have toxicity, but can react with coexisting beta-glucosidase to generate alpha-cyanhydrin under a proper condition, the alpha-cyanhydrin is extremely unstable and is naturally decomposed into corresponding ketone, aldehyde compounds and hydrogen cyanide, and the hydrogen cyanide is a highly toxic gas, which is the principle of edible fresh linseed poisoning.

The existing flaxseed detoxification method comprises a water boiling method (removal rate: 96.81%), a microwave heating method (removal rate: 89.64%), a solvent method (removal rate: 84.42%) and the like. For example, in the literature, "progress in research on cyanogenic glycosides of flax seeds" (J "), a method for removing cyanogenic glycosides is disclosed, in which a boiling process is employed, sufficient water is used to make glycosidase exert sufficient efficacy, and finally cyanogenic glycosides are converted into hydrogen cyanide and released, but the way of water entering flax seed kernels in the process is natural penetration, which has the disadvantages of slow reaction and incomplete reaction, and on the other hand, nutritional components in flax seed kernels are easily lost by boiling at high temperature. In addition, the microwave heating method has low detoxification efficiency, and the solvent method may generate harmful solvent residues.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for detoxifying flaxseed kernels by using low-frequency ultrasound-acidic solution. The invention adopts a detoxification method combining low-frequency ultrasound and acid solution, can destroy the chemical structures of cyanogenic glucoside and beta-glucosidase, reduces the generation of hydrogen cyanide from the source, and has the advantages of simple process, high detoxification efficiency, thorough detoxification and the like.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A method for detoxifying flaxseed kernels by using low-frequency ultrasound-acidic solution comprises the following steps: and (2) putting the linseed kernel raw material into an ultrasonic water bath containing an acidic solution for low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification, taking out the linseed kernels after the low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification is finished, and cleaning and drying the linseed kernels to obtain the detoxified linseed kernels.

The method comprises the steps of putting flax seed kernels into an acid solution for treatment, wherein cyanogenic glucoside and beta-glucosidase contain OH ^- , H ⁺ in the acid solution can generate dehydration condensation reaction with OH ^- ions, and chemical structures of cyanogenic glucoside and beta-glucosidase are damaged, so that generation of hydrogen cyanide is inhibited.

Further, in the method, the acidic solution is an aqueous solution of acetic acid, and a small amount of acetic acid may remain in the subsequent treatment process, but the method has no toxic or side effect on human bodies.

further, in the above method, the acidic solution has a pH of 3 to 3.5 in a range that promotes the progress of the dehydration condensation reaction.

Further, in the method, the ultrasonic power is 200-.

further, in the above method, the temperature of the ultrasonic wave is 70 ℃.

Further, in the method, the low-frequency ultrasonic detoxification time is 3-4 h.

Further, the raw material of the linseed kernel is selected from fresh, mature and pest-free linseed kernels.

further, the linseed kernel raw material is cleaned by purified water before detoxification, and is stored at 4 ℃ for standby.

Furthermore, the liquid level of the acid solution in the ultrasonic water bath kettle is higher than that of the linseed kernels.

Furthermore, the removal rate of cyanogenic glucoside in the linseed kernel raw material is above 89.03%.

The invention has the following technical characteristics:

1) According to the method, the linseed kernels are detoxified by combining low-frequency ultrasonic waves with an acidic solution, on one hand, the acidic solution can perform a condensation reaction with cyanogenic glucoside and beta-glucosidase in the linseed kernels, and on the other hand, the acidic solution can be promoted to enter the tissues of the linseed kernels by the ultrasonic waves, so that the components of the cyanogenic glucoside and the beta-glucosidase which generate hydrogen cyanide are destroyed from the source, and the generation of the hydrogen cyanide can be effectively inhibited.

2) The ultrasonic temperature of the invention is 70 ℃, which can inhibit the activity of beta-glucosidase and greatly retain the nutrient components in the linseed kernel compared with the high-temperature boiling method.

3) The removal rate of cyanogenic glucoside in the flaxseed kernel is more than 98 percent, and the detoxification process is simple and efficient.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.

Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.