阅读说明：本技术 一种构架牵引座的装夹工装及加工方法 (Clamping tool for framework traction seat and machining method ) 是由 王伟 刘家凯 孙元忠 王德坤 于 2021-08-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种构架牵引座的装夹工装,包括基础座、第一摆动式夹紧机构、第二摆动式夹紧机构、抵紧机构与压紧机构,其中第一摆动式夹紧机构、第二摆动式夹紧机构、抵紧机构与压紧机构均通过可以拆卸的方式固定在基础座上；便于在一台机床完成整个构件牵引座所有位置的加工,这样提高加工效率,将多道装夹缩减成一场装夹,这样避免装夹所带来的时间间隔,通过保证了工件的精度,同时采用上下夹紧的方式对薄壁件进行夹紧,这样有效的避免了工件形变。(The invention discloses a clamping tool for a framework traction seat, which comprises a foundation seat, a first swing type clamping mechanism, a second swing type clamping mechanism, a propping mechanism and a pressing mechanism, wherein the first swing type clamping mechanism, the second swing type clamping mechanism, the propping mechanism and the pressing mechanism are all fixed on the foundation seat in a detachable mode; the machining of all positions of the whole component traction seat can be completed on one machine tool conveniently, so that the machining efficiency is improved, a plurality of clamping processes are reduced into one clamping process, the time interval caused by the clamping process is avoided, the precision of a workpiece is guaranteed, meanwhile, the thin-wall part is clamped in an up-and-down clamping mode, and the workpiece deformation is effectively avoided.)

1. The utility model provides a clamping frock of framework traction seat, including the foundation base, first oscillating clamping mechanism, second oscillating clamping mechanism, support tight mechanism and hold-down mechanism, a serial communication port, wherein first oscillating clamping mechanism, second oscillating clamping mechanism, support tight mechanism and hold-down mechanism all fix on the foundation base through the mode that can dismantle, first oscillating clamping mechanism, second oscillating clamping mechanism presss from both sides tight to framework traction seat upper thin wall respectively, be provided with on the foundation base and support tight mechanism that supports tight to framework traction seat outer wall, be provided with the hold-down mechanism who compresses tightly the framework traction seat on the foundation base, hold-down mechanism compresses tightly framework traction seat lower floor.

2. The clamping tool for the framework traction seat is characterized in that the first swing type clamping mechanism, the second swing type clamping mechanism, the abutting mechanism and the pressing mechanism are detachably fixed on the base seat, a plurality of fixing holes matched with the fixed clamping mechanism, the swing type clamping mechanism, the abutting mechanism and the pressing mechanism are formed in the base seat, and the positions of the fixed clamping mechanism, the swing type clamping mechanism, the abutting mechanism and the pressing mechanism are adjusted according to the size of the framework traction seat, so that the clamping tool is wide in adaptability.

3. The framework fifth wheel clamping tool of claim 2, wherein the first swing type clamping mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft, a first swing sleeve and a first clamping assembly, wherein the first rotating shaft is arranged on the foundation base, the first swing sleeve rotating on the first rotating shaft is sleeved on the first rotating shaft, a fixing plate is fixed on the first swing sleeve, and the first clamping assembly with the upper end and the lower end moving towards the middle is arranged on the fixing plate, so that the two ends moving towards the middle to form clamping is realized, and the deformation is prevented during clamping.

4. The clamping tool for the framework traction seat is characterized in that the first clamping group comprises an upper clamping block, a lower clamping block, a tensioning rod, a sliding groove, a diamond-shaped guide block and a pressure spring, wherein the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block are respectively provided with the sliding groove, the threaded tensioning rod is arranged between the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block, the distance between the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block is adjusted through the tensioning rod, the diamond-shaped guide block is fixed on a fixing plate, the upper end and the lower end of the diamond-shaped guide block extend into the sliding groove, the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block move along the diamond-shaped guide block, the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block are adjusted in position when moving, the pressure spring for expanding the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block is arranged between the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block, and when clamping is lost, the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block are expanded through the spring, therefore, the workpiece can be conveniently taken out after the machining is finished.

5. The clamping tool for the framework traction seat as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second swing type clamping mechanism comprises a second rotating shaft, a second swing sleeve and a second clamping assembly, the second rotating shaft is detachably fixed on the foundation seat, the second rotating shaft is sleeved with the second swing sleeve which rotates on the second rotating shaft, a plurality of layers of supporting plates are fixed on the second swing sleeve and are distributed up and down, a compression bolt penetrates through the supporting plate at the top and is in threaded fit with the supporting plate, an adjusting assembly is arranged above the bottom supporting plate, a bearing column penetrating through the middle supporting plate is arranged on the adjusting assembly, the framework traction seat is clamped through the bearing column and the compression bolt, and the height of the bearing column is adjusted through the height of the bottom surface of the upper layer of the framework traction seat.

6. The framework fifth wheel clamping tool of claim 5, wherein the abutting mechanism comprises a plurality of side abutting pins and a bottom abutting pin, the bottom abutting pins are a plurality of bottom abutting pins and support the step surface of the bottom surface of the framework fifth wheel respectively, the side abutting pins are a plurality of side abutting pins and abut against the side surface of the framework fifth wheel, and thus the framework fifth wheel is positioned and clamped in a six-point positioning manner.

7. The machining method for the clamping tool for the framework traction seat is based on claim 1, and is characterized in that:

the method comprises the steps of taking one point at a front-end sharp corner on the side face of a frame traction seat blank, one point on a rear-end inclined plane and one point of a front cambered surface as positioning references, milling the front end face and the rear end face of a frame traction seat hole system through horizontal addition, milling the inner side face of the frame traction seat hole system through horizontal addition, and finely milling the positioning reference face on the rear end face of the frame traction seat through horizontal addition.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of machining instruments for double-layer thin-wall parts, in particular to a clamping tool for a framework traction seat and a machining method.

Background

The component traction seat on the existing high-speed rail is used as a double-layer part, but in the processing process, the processing content of the component traction seat is more, the component traction seat is also a thin-wall part, the component traction seat needs to be clamped through a clamping device when processing is carried out, meanwhile, the component traction seat is compressed through a compressing device, then the component traction seat is processed through a cutter, and when the processing is carried out, because the workpiece is a thin-wall part, the workpiece is processed through the clamping device, the compressing device and the processing cutter, the workpiece is deformed, so the yield of the workpiece is low;

when the existing component traction seat is used for machining, the component traction seat is generally machined in multiple steps on multiple machine tools, so that machining procedures are relatively numerous, machining processes are relatively complicated, and machining efficiency is relatively low; the same workpiece is machined by a plurality of machine tools, so that the precision of the workpiece cannot be guaranteed (different positions of the workpiece are machined on different machine tools, so that the workpiece has clamping errors, and the relative precision of the workpiece is reduced), and the precision of the finished workpiece is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the clamping tool and the machining method for the framework traction seat, which are convenient for machining all positions of the whole framework traction seat on one machine tool, so that the machining efficiency is improved, a plurality of clamping processes are reduced into one clamping process, the time interval caused by the clamping process is avoided, the precision of a workpiece is ensured, and meanwhile, a thin-walled workpiece is clamped in an up-and-down clamping mode, so that the workpiece deformation is effectively avoided.

In order to achieve the purpose, the scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a clamping frock of framework traction seat, including the foundation base, first oscillating clamping mechanism, second oscillating clamping mechanism, support tight mechanism and hold-down mechanism, wherein first oscillating clamping mechanism, second oscillating clamping mechanism, support tight mechanism and hold-down mechanism and all fix on the foundation base through the mode that can dismantle, first oscillating clamping mechanism, second oscillating clamping mechanism presss from both sides tight to framework traction seat upper thin wall respectively, be provided with on the foundation base and support tight mechanism that supports tight to framework traction seat outer wall, be provided with the hold-down mechanism who compresses tightly the framework traction seat on the foundation base, hold-down mechanism compresses tightly framework traction seat lower floor.

Preferably, the first swing type clamping mechanism, the second swing type clamping mechanism, the abutting mechanism and the pressing mechanism are detachably fixed on the foundation base, a plurality of fixing holes matched with the fixed clamping mechanism, the swing type clamping mechanism, the abutting mechanism and the pressing mechanism are formed in the foundation base, and the positions of the fixed clamping mechanism, the swing type clamping mechanism, the abutting mechanism and the pressing mechanism are adjusted according to the size of the framework traction seat, so that the adaptability is wide.

Preferably, the first swing type clamping mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft, a first swing sleeve and a first clamping assembly, wherein the first rotating shaft is arranged on the base, the first swing sleeve which rotates on the first rotating shaft is sleeved on the first rotating shaft, a fixing plate is fixed on the first swing sleeve, and the first clamping assembly with the upper end and the lower end moving towards the middle is arranged on the fixing plate, so that the clamping is formed by the two ends moving towards the middle, and the deformation is prevented in the clamping process.

Preferably, the first clamping group comprises an upper clamping block, a lower clamping block, a tensioning rod, a sliding groove, a rhombic guide block and a pressure spring, wherein the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block are respectively provided with the sliding groove, the threaded tensioning rod is arranged between the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block, the distance between the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block is adjusted through the tensioning rod, the rhombic guide block is fixed on the fixing plate, the upper end and the lower end of the rhombic guide block extend into the sliding groove, the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block move along the rhombic guide block, the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block are adjusted in position when moving, the pressure spring for expanding the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block is arranged between the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block, and when clamping is lost, the spring expands the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block, so that a workpiece can be conveniently taken out after machining is finished.

Preferably, the second swing type clamping mechanism comprises a second rotating shaft, a second swing sleeve and a second clamping assembly, the second rotating shaft is fixed on the foundation base in a detachable mode, the second swing sleeve rotating on the second rotating shaft is sleeved on the second rotating shaft, a plurality of layers of supporting plates are fixed on the second swing sleeve and distributed up and down, a compression bolt penetrates through the supporting plate at the top, the compression bolt is in threaded fit with the supporting plate, an adjusting assembly is arranged above the bottom supporting plate, a pressure bearing column penetrating through the middle supporting plate is arranged on the adjusting assembly, the framework traction base is clamped through the pressure bearing column and the compression bolt, and the height of the pressure bearing column is adjusted through the height of the bottom face of the upper layer of the framework traction base.

Preferably, the abutting mechanism comprises a plurality of side abutting pins and a bottom abutting pin, the bottom abutting pin is a plurality of bottom abutting pins and supports the step surface of the bottom surface of the framework traction seat respectively, the side abutting pin is a plurality of side abutting pins and abuts against the side surface of the framework traction seat tightly, and the framework traction seat is positioned and clamped in a six-point positioning mode.

A machining method of a clamping tool based on a framework traction seat comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the steps of taking one point at a front-end sharp corner on the side face of a frame traction seat blank, one point on a rear-end inclined plane and one point of a front cambered surface as positioning references, milling the front end face and the rear end face of a frame traction seat hole system through horizontal addition, milling the inner side face of the frame traction seat hole system through horizontal addition, and finely milling the positioning reference face on the rear end face of the frame traction seat through horizontal addition.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: 1. the machining of all positions of the whole component traction seat can be completed on one machine tool conveniently, so that the machining efficiency is improved, a plurality of clamping processes are reduced into one clamping process, the time interval caused by the clamping process is avoided, the precision of a workpiece is guaranteed, meanwhile, the thin-wall part is clamped in an up-and-down clamping mode, and the workpiece deformation is effectively avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first swing type clamping mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a second swing-type clamping mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a frame fifth wheel of the present invention.

The clamping device comprises a base 1, a base seat 2, a first swing type clamping mechanism 2.1, a first rotating shaft 2.2, a first swing sleeve 2.3, a fixing plate 2.4, a first clamping assembly 2.5, an upper clamping block 2.6, a lower clamping block 2.7, a tensioning rod 2.8, a sliding groove 2.9, a diamond guide block 2.10, a pressure spring 3, a second swing type clamping mechanism 3.1, a second rotating shaft 3.2, a second swing sleeve 3.3, a supporting plate 3.4, a compression bolt 3.5, an adjusting assembly 3.6, a pressure bearing column 3.7, a second clamping assembly 4, a compression mechanism 4.1, a side compression pin 4.2, a bottom compression pin 5 and a compression mechanism.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be further elucidated with reference to the drawing.

As shown in fig. 1-4, a clamping fixture for a frame fifth wheel, comprises a base 1, a first swing type clamping mechanism 2, a second swing type clamping mechanism 3, a tightening mechanism 4 and a pressing mechanism 5, wherein the first swing type clamping mechanism 2, the second swing type clamping mechanism 3, the tightening mechanism 4 and the pressing mechanism 5 are detachably fixed on the base 1, the first swing type clamping mechanism 2 and the second swing type clamping mechanism 3 respectively clamp an upper thin wall of the frame fifth wheel, the base 1 is provided with the tightening mechanism 4 for tightening an outer wall of the frame fifth wheel, the pressing mechanism 5 for pressing the frame fifth wheel is arranged on the base 1 (the pressing mechanism 5 comprises a pressing block and a threaded rod, a hole for the threaded rod to pass through is formed on the pressing block, a nut is sleeved on the threaded rod, the pressing block is pressed on a lower bottom surface of the frame fifth wheel through the nut pressing, thus realizing the compaction of the lower layer of the frame traction seat), the compaction mechanism 5 compacts the lower layer of the frame traction seat; when clamping is carried out, the lower layer of the component is placed on the foundation base 1, the component is located on the foundation base 1 through the abutting mechanism 4, the bottom layer of the component is pressed on the foundation plate through the pressing mechanism 5, after the clamping of the bottom layer of the component is finished, the first swing type clamping mechanism 2 is rotated, the second swing type clamping mechanism 3 clamps the upper layer of the component, the upper layer of the component is prevented from being deformed due to the fact that the upper layer of the component is suspended and force application points do not exist, all processing contents of the workpiece traction base can be processed through integrated processing, the clamping tool clamps the upper layer and the lower layer of the component traction base respectively, the clamping is stable, and the deformation of the component traction base cannot be generated during processing.

The first swing type clamping mechanism 2, the second swing type clamping mechanism 3, the abutting mechanism 4 and the pressing mechanism 5 are detachably fixed on the foundation base 1 (namely, different types of component traction bases are processed on the foundation base 1 by moving/replacing the first swing type clamping mechanism 2, the second swing type clamping mechanism 3, the abutting mechanism 4 and the pressing mechanism 5 due to different types of component traction bases), a plurality of fixing holes matched with the fixed clamping mechanism, the swing type clamping mechanism, the abutting mechanism 4 and the pressing mechanism 5 are formed in the foundation base 1, the positions of the fixed clamping mechanism, the swing type clamping mechanism, the abutting mechanism 4 and the pressing mechanism 5 are adjusted according to the size of the framework traction base, the adaptability is wide, the fixing holes are bolt holes, and the bolt holes are formed in the first swing type clamping mechanism 2 and the second swing type clamping mechanism 3, All be fixed with the fixing base through the welded mode on supporting tight mechanism 4 and hold-down mechanism 5, stretch into the fixed orifices through the bolt and fix the fixing base on base 1, can adjust the position of above-mentioned mechanism according to the component and pull the seat like this and realize that the component of multiple size pulls the seat and carry out the clamping, the scope of adaptation is wider like this.

The first swing type clamping mechanism 2 comprises a first rotating shaft 2.1, a first swing sleeve 2.2 and a first clamping component 2.4, wherein the first rotating shaft 2.1 is arranged on the base 1 in a bolt fixing mode, the first swing sleeve 2.2 rotating on the first rotating shaft 2.1 is sleeved on the first rotating shaft 2.1 (the first swing sleeve 2.2 rotates around the first rotating shaft 2.1), a fixed plate 2.3 is fixed on the first swing sleeve 2.2 in a welding mode, the first clamping component 2.4 moving towards the middle from the upper end to the lower end is arranged on the fixed plate 2.3, so that the two ends move towards the middle to form clamping, deformation is prevented when clamping is carried out, two clamping components 2.4 move towards the middle synchronously when clamping is carried out, and the component traction seat is clamped in a mode that the two ends move towards the middle, so that pressure balance of the upper layer and the lower layer of the component traction seat can be prevented from being ensured when clamping is carried out, the component traction seat is prevented from being crushed in the clamping process.

The first clamping group comprises an upper clamping block 2.5, a lower clamping block 2.6, a tensioning rod 2.7, a sliding groove 2.8, a diamond-shaped guide block 2.9 and a pressure spring 2.10, wherein the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6 are respectively provided with the sliding groove 2.8, a thread tensioning rod 2.7 is arranged between the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6, the distance between the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6 is adjusted through the tensioning rod 2.7 (the thread tensioning rod 2.7 is a bidirectional screw rod, the thread tensioning rod 2.7 respectively penetrates through the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6, the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6 are respectively matched with threads of different sections of the thread tensioning rod 2.7, the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6 are used for clamping the component traction seat, the diamond-shaped guide block 2.9 is fixed on the upper clamping block 2.3 in a welding manner, the upper clamping block 2.5 and the upper and lower clamping block 2.5 extends into the sliding groove 2.8, and the upper and lower clamping block 2.6 extends into the sliding groove 2.5, The lower clamping block 2.6 moves along the diamond-shaped guide block 2.9, and the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6 are adjusted in position when moving (because the upper and lower ends of the diamond-shaped guide block 2.9 are pointed and the middle is wider, when the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6 move towards the middle, the diamond-shaped guide block 2.9 and the sliding groove 2.8 adjust the left and right positions of the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6), a pressure spring 2.10 which is used for clamping the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6 is arranged between the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6 (the upper and lower ends of the pressure spring 2.10 are fixed on the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6 in a welding manner), when clamping is lost, the spring clamps and struts the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6 (the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block 2.6 are propped open by the pressure spring 2.10, so that the upper clamping block 2.5 and the lower clamping block are conveniently rotated and the tensioning rod, i.e. the threaded tightening rod 2.7 is easy to rotate), so that the workpiece can be conveniently taken out after the machining is finished.

The second swing type clamping mechanism 3 comprises a second rotating shaft 3.1, a second swing sleeve 3.2 and a second clamping component 3.7, the second rotating shaft 3.1 is fixed on the foundation base 1 in a detachable mode (namely the second rotating shaft 3.1 is fixed on the foundation plate through bolts), the second swing sleeve 3.2 rotating on the second rotating shaft 3.1 is sleeved on the second rotating shaft 3.1, a plurality of layers of supporting plates 3.3 are fixed on the second swing sleeve 3.2 in a welding mode and are distributed up and down, a compression bolt 3.4 penetrates through the supporting plate 3.3 at the top and is in threaded fit with the supporting plate 3.3, an adjusting component 3.5 is arranged above the supporting plate 3.3 at the bottom, a pressure bearing column 3.6 penetrating through the middle supporting plate 3.3 is arranged on the adjusting component 3.5, the framework traction base is clamped by the compression bolt 3.6 and the pressure bearing column 3.4, the height of the pressure bearing column 3.6 at the upper bottom of the framework traction base is adjusted by the height of the pressure bearing column at the upper bottom of the framework traction base, the height of the pressure-bearing column 3.6 is adjusted according to the height of the upper bottom surface of the framework traction seat, the upper bottom surface of the framework traction seat is placed on the adjusting pressure-bearing column 3.6, and the upper top surface of the framework traction seat is compressed through the compression bolt 3.4, so that the upper clamping and compression of the framework traction seat are realized.

The abutting mechanism 4 comprises a plurality of side abutting pins 4.1 and a bottom abutting pin 4.2, the bottom abutting pin 4.2 is a plurality of bottom abutting pins 4.2, the bottom of the frame traction seat is supported by the bottom of the frame traction seat, the side abutting pins 4.1 are a plurality of side abutting pins 4.1, the side of the frame traction seat is abutted tightly, and the frame traction seat is positioned and clamped through a six-point positioning mode.

A machining method of a clamping tool based on a framework traction seat comprises the following steps:

the rough machining of a plurality of machining processes of the framework traction seat is completed by horizontally adding the positioning reference surface on the rear end face of the framework traction seat and finely milling the positioning reference surface on the rear end face of the framework traction seat.