阅读说明：本技术 一种兼具青贮和黄贮功能的玉米收获机及其使用方法 (Corn harvester with ensiling and yellow storage functions and using method thereof ) 是由 曾李 郭和甲 马超 徐恒辉 靳成奎 于 2021-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种兼具青贮和黄贮功能的玉米收获机及其使用方法,收获机机体上设有上割台、下割台、第二果穗输送机构、铡草机,下割台与铡草机连通,上割台用于收割和传送玉米穗,上割台包括果穗输送,果穗输送箱的壳体上设有与第二果穗输送机构连通的第一连通口,与铡草机连通的第二连通口；封堵第二连通口,则上割台收割的玉米穗通过第一连通口传入第二果穗输送机构,封堵所述第一连通口,则上割台收割的玉米穗通过第二连通口传入铡草机。与现有技术相比,本发明的兼具青贮和黄贮功能的玉米收获机同时具备黄贮和青贮收获的功能,操作简单方便,大大提高生产效率。(The invention discloses a corn harvester with ensiling and yellow storage functions and a using method thereof.A harvester body is provided with an upper header, a lower header, a second ear conveying mechanism and a hay cutter, wherein the lower header is communicated with the hay cutter; and the second communication port is blocked, so that the corn ears harvested by the upper header are introduced into the second ear conveying mechanism through the first communication port, and the first communication port is blocked, so that the corn ears harvested by the upper header are introduced into the hay cutter through the second communication port. Compared with the prior art, the corn harvester with the functions of ensiling and yellow storage has the functions of yellow storage and ensiling harvesting, is simple and convenient to operate, and greatly improves the production efficiency.)

1. A corn harvester with silage and yellow silage functions comprises a harvester body (1), an upper header (2) and a lower header (3) which are arranged at the front end of the harvester body (1), and a second ear conveying mechanism (4) and a hay cutter (5) which are arranged on the harvester body (1), and is characterized in that the lower header (3) is communicated with the hay cutter (5), and the lower header (3) is used for harvesting corn stalks and conveying the harvested corn stalks to the hay cutter (5); the upper header (2) is used for harvesting and conveying corn ears, the upper header (2) comprises a first ear conveying mechanism, the first ear conveying mechanism comprises an ear conveying box (21) and an upper header packing auger (22) positioned on a shell of the ear conveying box (21), and a first communicating port (211) communicated with the second ear conveying mechanism (4) and a second communicating port (212) communicated with the hay cutter (5) are formed in the shell of the ear conveying box (21); the second communication port (212) is sealed, corn ears harvested by the upper header (2) pass through the first communication port (211) and are transmitted into the second ear conveying mechanism (4), the first communication port (211) is sealed, and then the corn ears harvested by the upper header (2) pass through the second communication port (212) and are transmitted into the hay cutter (5).

2. The corn harvester with ensiling and yellow corn functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first communication port (211) and the second communication port (22) are arranged on the part of the shell of the ear conveying box (21) along the extension direction of the length of the packing auger, the first communication port is positioned at one end of the shell of the ear conveying box (21), and the second communication port (22) is positioned at the middle position of the shell of the ear conveying box (21).

3. The corn harvester with ensiling and yellow corn silage functions as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the header (2) comprises a first ear conveyor, a reel (23) and a plurality of ear pair rollers (24) connected at the rear to the ear conveyor box (21).

4. The corn harvester with the ensiling and yellow storage functions as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper header auger (22) comprises an auger rotating shaft (221) and a blade (222) arranged on the auger rotating shaft (221), and the blade (222) is at least arranged on the auger rotating shaft (221) in a manner of being partially detachable and opposite to the second communication port (212).

5. The corn harvester with the ensiling and yellow-storing functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein a corn stalk conveying channel (31) is arranged between the lower header (3) and the hay cutter (5), a plurality of conveying rollers (311) for conveying corn stalks to one side of the hay cutter (5) are arranged in the corn stalk conveying channel (31), and the second communication port (212) is communicated with the corn stalk conveying channel (31).

6. The corn harvester with the ensiling and yellow-storing functions as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the rear end of the lower cutting platform (3) is provided with a third communicating opening (32) communicated with the corn stalk conveying channel (31).

7. The corn harvester with both ensiling and yellow corn silage functions as claimed in claim 6, wherein the position on the corn stalk transport channel (31) communicated with the second communication port (212) is located between the third communication port (32) and the hay cutter (5).

8. The corn harvester with ensiling and yellow corn functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second ear conveying mechanism (4) comprises a second ear conveying channel and a conveying roller or a conveying belt positioned in the second ear conveying channel, and one end of the second ear conveying mechanism (4) is communicated with the ear storage bin.

9. The corn harvester with ensiling and yellow storage functions as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a baffle for blocking the first communication port and the second communication port, wherein the baffle is detachably arranged at the first communication port and/or the second communication port.

10. A method for using a corn harvester with functions of ensiling and yellow storage, which is characterized in that the corn harvester used is the corn harvester with functions of ensiling and yellow storage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps:

when yellow corn storage harvesting is carried out, the second communicating port is blocked, the first communicating port is kept in an open state, the upper header harvests the corn ears and conveys the harvested corn ears from the first communicating port to the second ear conveying mechanism through the conveying of the auger of the upper header; the lower header is used for harvesting the corn stalks and conveying the corn stalks into a hay cutter for crushing;

when corn silage harvesting is carried out, the first communicating port is blocked, the second communicating port is kept in an open state, the upper header harvests the corn ears and conveys the harvested corn ears to the hay cutter through the second communicating port by the conveying of the auger of the upper header, and the harvested corn ears are crushed; the lower header is used for harvesting the corn stalks and conveying the corn stalks to the straw cutter for crushing.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a corn harvester with silage and yellow silage functions and a using method thereof.

Background

In the harvesting process of corn, according to different requirements, different operation modes are required to be carried out, for example, silage sometimes needs to be realized, the smashed corn ears and the smashed corn stalks are used as silage to feed livestock, yellow silage sometimes needs to be realized, namely, the stems and the ears are harvested simultaneously, the corn ears and the corn stalks are separately and independently harvested, the existing corn harvester can only realize one function generally, the functions of silage and yellow silage cannot be simultaneously realized, even if the individual corn harvester can have the functions of silage and yellow silage, the corn harvester is complex to use, for example, Chinese patent 201410112887.3 discloses that when the corn ears and the corn stalks are needed to be jointly smashed into silage, the upper header for harvesting the corn ears needs to be disassembled, the upper header needs to be frequently and complexly disassembled and assembled, and the working efficiency of the corn harvester is greatly reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a corn harvester with silage and yellow corn silage functions and a using method thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a corn harvester with silage and yellow corn silage functions, which is convenient and simple to use, solves the defects of the prior art proposed in the background technology,

in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme is as follows: a corn harvester with ensiling and yellow storage functions comprises a harvester body, an upper header and a lower header which are arranged at the front end of the harvester body, and a second ear conveying mechanism and a hay cutter which are arranged on the harvester body, wherein the lower header is communicated with the hay cutter, and is used for harvesting corn stalks and conveying the harvested corn stalks to the hay cutter; the upper header is used for harvesting and conveying corn ears and comprises a first ear conveying mechanism, the first ear conveying mechanism comprises an ear conveying box and an upper header auger positioned on the shell of the ear conveying box, and a first communicating port communicated with the second ear conveying mechanism and a second communicating port communicated with the hay cutter are arranged on the shell of the ear conveying box; and the second communication port is blocked, so that the corn ears harvested by the upper header are transmitted into the second ear conveying mechanism through the first communication port, and the first communication port is blocked, so that the corn ears harvested by the upper header are transmitted into the hay cutter through the second communication port.

Preferably, the part of the shell of the fruit cluster conveying box along the extension direction of the length of the packing auger is provided with the first communicating port and the second communicating port, the first communicating port is positioned at one end of the shell of the fruit cluster conveying box, and the second communicating port is positioned in the middle of the shell of the fruit cluster conveying box.

Preferably, the upper header comprises a first ear conveying mechanism, a reel and a plurality of groups of ear picking roller pairs, and the rear parts of the ear picking roller pairs are connected with the ear conveying box.

Preferably, the upper header auger comprises an auger rotating shaft and is arranged on blades in the auger rotating shaft, and the blades are at least right opposite to the detachable part of the second communication port arranged on the auger rotating shaft.

Preferably, the first ear conveying mechanism comprises an ear conveying box and a conveying belt located on a housing of the ear conveying box, and the first communicating port and the second communicating port are arranged on the housing of the ear conveying box along the length extending direction of the conveying belt.

Preferably, a cornstalk transmission channel is arranged between the lower header and the hay cutter, a plurality of conveying rollers for conveying the cornstalks to one side of the hay cutter are arranged in the cornstalk transmission channel, and the second communication port is communicated with the cornstalk transmission channel.

Preferably, the rear end of the lower header is provided with a third communicating opening communicated with the corn stalk conveying channel.

Preferably, the position on the corn stalk conveying channel, which is communicated with the second communication port, is located between the third communication port and the hay cutter.

Preferably, the lower header comprises a reciprocating cutter and a lower header packing auger.

Preferably, the device further comprises a baffle plate for blocking the first communication port and the second communication port, and the baffle plate is detachably arranged on the first communication port and/or the second communication port.

The invention also discloses a use method of the corn harvester with the functions of ensiling and yellow storage, and the corn harvester with the functions of ensiling and yellow storage is the corn harvester with the functions of ensiling and yellow storage, and comprises the following steps:

when yellow corn storage (stem and ear harvesting) harvesting is carried out, the second communicating port is blocked, the first communicating port is kept in an open state, the upper header harvests the corn ears and conveys the harvested corn ears to the second ear conveying mechanism from the first communicating port through the conveying of the auger of the upper header; the lower header is used for harvesting the corn stalks and conveying the corn stalks into a hay cutter for crushing;

when ensiling harvesting is carried out, the first communicating port is blocked, the second communicating port is kept in an open state, the upper header harvests the corn ears and conveys the harvested corn ears to the hay cutter through the second communicating port by the conveying of the auger of the upper header, and the harvested corn ears are crushed; the lower header is used for harvesting the corn stalks and conveying the corn stalks to the straw cutter for crushing.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the corn ear harvester, the first communicating port and the second communicating port are arranged on the shell of the ear conveying box of the upper header, and the second communicating port is blocked, so that corn ears harvested by the upper header are transmitted into the second ear conveying mechanism through the first communicating port and then transmitted into an ear storage box or a peeler, and corn stalks harvested by the lower header are transmitted into a hay cutter, so that the stems and ears are harvested and stored in a yellow state; the first communicating opening is sealed, corn ears harvested by the upper header are transmitted into the hay cutter through the second communicating opening, corn stalks harvested by the lower header are also transmitted into the hay cutter, and silage harvesting is achieved. Through improving the upper header, a harvester has the functions of yellow corn silage (stalk and spike harvest) and silage harvest, the operation is simple and convenient, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

2. The blades of the part just opposite to the second communicating hole part of the upper header auger are arranged to be detachable, when silage is harvested, the blades of the part are detached, so that the corns in the cluster conveying box can conveniently enter the second communicating hole, and the corns are prevented from being intensively transmitted to one end of the cluster conveying box by the auger.

3. Through setting up cornstalk transmission path, when realizing the silage results, ear of grain and cornstalk advance to go into cornstalk transmission path and introduce into the hay cutter again, go into the maize of avoiding the header results and the cornstalk of header results down and excessively get into the hay cutter, cause the hay cutter to block up or excessive wearing and tearing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a corn harvester with ensiling and yellow storage functions according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the upper and lower headers shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the upper header auger of FIG. 2 with the middle blades removed;

FIG. 4 is a rear view schematic diagram of the header;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the upper and lower platforms and the hay cutter;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper and lower headers and the side of the hay cutter;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the upper header harvesting part with a shield removed.

In the figure: 1. harvester body, 2, upper header, 21, ear conveying box, 211, first communicating port, 212, second communicating port, 22, upper header auger, 221, auger rotating shaft, 222, blade, 23, reel, 24, ear picking pair roller, 3, lower header, 31, corn stalk conveying channel, 311, conveying roller, 32, third communicating port, 33, reciprocating cutter, 34, lower header auger, 4, second ear conveying mechanism, 5 and hay cutter.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the corn harvester with ensiling and yellow storage functions comprises a harvester body 1, an upper cutting platform 2 and a lower cutting platform 3 which are arranged at the front end of the harvester body 1, a second ear conveying mechanism 4 which is arranged at the left side of the harvester body 1 and is matched with the upper cutting platform 2, and a hay cutter 5 which is arranged in the middle of the harvester body 1, wherein the lower cutting platform 3 is communicated with the hay cutter 5, and the lower cutting platform 3 is used for harvesting corn stalks and transmitting the harvested corn stalks (straws) to the hay cutter 5; header 2 is used for reaping and conveying the corn ear, the header includes reaping portion and transfer portion, in this embodiment, the transfer portion of header is first ear conveying mechanism, first ear conveying mechanism is located the rear of header, first ear conveying mechanism includes ear delivery box 21, be equipped with the first intercommunication mouth 211 with 4 intercommunications of second ear conveying mechanism on the casing of ear delivery box 21, the second intercommunication mouth 212 with 5 intercommunications of hay cutter, intercommunication between second intercommunication mouth 212 and the hay cutter or set up between second intercommunication mouth 212 and the hay cutter and be connected transfer passage and communicate.

And the second communicating port 212 is blocked, so that the corn ears harvested by the header 2 are transmitted into the second ear conveying mechanism 4 through the first communicating port 211, the first communicating port 211 is blocked, and the corn ears harvested by the header 2 are transmitted into the hay cutter 5 through the second communicating port 212.

According to the corn ear harvester, the first communicating port and the second communicating port are arranged on the shell of the ear conveying box of the upper header, and the second communicating port is blocked, so that corn ears harvested by the upper header are transmitted into the second ear conveying mechanism through the first communicating port and then transmitted into an ear storage box or a peeler, and corn stalks harvested by the lower header are transmitted into a hay cutter, so that the stems and ears are harvested and stored in a yellow state; the first communicating opening is sealed, corn ears harvested by the upper header are transmitted into the hay cutter through the second communicating opening, corn stalks harvested by the lower header are also transmitted into the hay cutter, and silage harvesting is achieved. Through reforming transform the header, make a harvester have the function of yellow silage and silage results concurrently, and easy operation is convenient, has improved production efficiency greatly. Because the upper cutting table harvests corns and the lower cutting table harvests corn stalks respectively and independently, excessive abrasion to the single cutting table when the single cutting table silage harvester harvests silage is avoided, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

In this embodiment, the first ear conveying mechanism includes an ear conveying box 21 and an upper header packing auger 22 located on a housing of the ear conveying box 21, and the ear conveying box 21 includes a housing portion along a length extending direction of the packing auger and housing portions located at two ends of the housing along the length extending direction of the packing auger and connected to two ends of the packing auger. Wherein, the casing part along the extension direction of the length of the packing auger is an arc structure, so that the corn ears harvested by the harvesting part of the header fall into the ear conveying box 21. The part of the shell of the ear conveying box 21 along the extension direction of the length of the packing auger is provided with a first communicating port 211 and a second communicating port 22, wherein the first communicating port is positioned at one end, and the second communicating port is positioned in the middle of the shell, so that the packing auger can convey the ears of corn into the second ear conveying mechanism 4 through the first communicating port or convey the ears of corn into the hay cutter through the second communicating port. The second communicating port can be directly connected to the hay cutter, and a conveying channel can be arranged between the second communicating port and the hay cutter, so that the connection of the second communicating port with the hay cutter is realized.

Further, as shown in fig. 7, in one embodiment, the harvesting part of the header comprises a reel 23 and a plurality of ear-picking roller pairs 24, and the rear parts of the ear-picking roller pairs 24 are connected with the ear conveying box 21. Of course, the harvesting part of the header can also adopt various structures capable of harvesting the corn ears in the prior art, and the patent does not limit the structure.

In this embodiment, the upper header packing auger 22 includes an auger rotating shaft 221 and a blade 222 rotatably disposed on the auger rotating shaft 221, and at least a portion of the blade 222 facing the second communicating port 212 is detachably disposed on the auger rotating shaft 221.

With reference to fig. 2 and 3, the blades of the auger of the upper header, which are opposite to the second communicating hole part, are detachably arranged, so that when silage is harvested, the blades of the auger are detached, corn in the ear conveying box conveniently enters the second communicating hole, and the corn is prevented from being intensively conveyed to one end of the ear conveying box by the auger.

The first ear conveying mechanism can adopt other structures besides the auger structure in the embodiment, and in another embodiment, the difference from the embodiment is that the first ear conveying mechanism comprises an ear conveying box 21 and a conveyor belt positioned on the shell of the ear conveying box 21, and two ends of the conveyor belt are arranged at two ends of the ear conveying box 21, namely, the conveyor belt is used for conveying the corn ears instead of the auger. The housing of the ear conveying box 21 is provided with a first communicating opening 211 and a second communicating opening 22 along the extension direction of the length of the conveyer belt. Of course, besides auger conveying and conveyor belt conveying, other conveying parts capable of conveying the corncobs on the header in the prior art can be adopted in the corn ear harvesting machine, and the corn ear harvesting machine is not limited in the process.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, a cornstalk conveying channel 31 is provided between the lower header 3 and the hay cutter 5, one end of the cornstalk conveying channel 31 is communicated with a third communicating port 32 of the rear end housing of the lower header 3, the other end is communicated with the feed port of the hay cutter, a plurality of conveying rollers 311 for conveying cornstalks to one side of the hay cutter 5 are provided in the cornstalk conveying channel 31, and the second communicating port 212 is also communicated with the cornstalk conveying channel 31. Through setting up cornstalk transmission path, when realizing the silage results, ear of grain and cornstalk advance to go into cornstalk transmission path and introduce into the hay cutter again, avoid the ear of grain of upper header results and the cornstalk of lower header results excessive entering hay cutter, cause the hay cutter to block up or excessive wearing and tearing.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the second ear conveying mechanism 4 includes a second ear conveying channel and a conveying roller or a conveying belt located in the second ear conveying channel, and the other end of the second ear conveying mechanism is connected to the ear storage box or the corn husking machine, so as to convey the ears of corn to the ear storage box or the corn husking machine for operation when performing stem-ear combination.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the lower header 3 includes a reciprocating cutter 33 and a lower header packing auger 34, and the reciprocating cutter 33 and the lower header packing auger 34 are disposed on the lower header housing. Of course, the lower cutting table can be provided with a ground hobbing cutter instead of a reciprocating cutter, and the lower cutting table can also be further provided with a grain poking device to assist in harvesting corn stalks. This patent is not limited thereto.

In this embodiment, the device further includes a baffle for blocking the first communicating opening and the second communicating opening, where the baffle for blocking the second communicating opening 212 in fig. 2 is the baffle, and the baffle is detachably disposed in the first communicating opening and/or the second communicating opening. The baffle can be connected with the shell around the first communicating port and the second communicating port in various modes adopted in the prior art such as a bolt mode, a hinge mode, a slide rail mode and the like. The baffle can be one or more, when the baffle is one, the first communicating opening is blocked by the baffle when silage harvesting is realized, and the second communicating opening is in a communicating state; when the stalk and ear are doubled, the second communicating port is blocked by the baffle, and the first communicating port is in a communicating state.

The invention also discloses a use method of the corn harvester with the ensiling and yellow storage functions, which comprises the following steps:

when the corn stalk and ear combination is required: the second communicating port 212 is sealed, the first communicating port 211 is kept in an open state, corn harvesting operation is carried out, the harvester body 1 is enabled to be in the moving process, the upper header 2 harvests the corn ears and conveys the harvested corn ears into the first communicating port 211 through the conveying of the upper header packing auger 22, and the second corn ear conveying mechanism 4 further conveys the corn ears. The lower header 3 harvests corn stalks (straws) and conveys the corn stalks (straws) to the hay cutter 5 through the third communicating port 32 and the corn stalk transmission channel 31 for crushing, so that the harvesting operation of the corn straws is completed.

When silage harvesting is required: the first communicating hole 211 is blocked, the second communicating hole 212 is kept in an open state, the auger of the upper header is detached from the blade of the part just facing the second communicating hole 212, corn harvesting operation is carried out, corncobs harvested by the upper header 2 enter the second communicating hole 212 and are conveyed into the hay cutter 5 through the cornstalk conveying channel 31 to be crushed, the lower header 3 harvests cornstalks and conveys the corncobs into the hay cutter 5 through the third communicating hole 32 and the cornstalk conveying channel 31 to be crushed, and after the corncobs and the cornstalks finally enter the hay cutter 5 to be crushed and mixed, harvesting operation of silage is completed.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions are considered to be within the protective scope of the present invention.