阅读说明：本技术 筒体零件径向孔内孔口圆角加工方法及专用夹具 (Method for processing orifice fillet in radial hole of cylinder part and special clamp ) 是由 何震江 杨紫晔 于 2021-08-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：提供一种筒体零件径向孔内孔口圆角加工方法及专用夹具,包括夹持杆、连接杆和专用磨头,专用磨头下端设有磨头工作端,专用磨头的磨头工作端置于筒体工件径向孔内孔口内侧,专用磨头上端伸出径向孔置于径向孔外孔口外侧且与连接杆下端固定连接,专用磨头上端伸出径向孔的部分上套有弹簧,弹簧的弹力作用使专用磨头的磨头工作端与筒体工件的径向孔内孔口边缘可靠接触,连接杆上端通过十字接头与夹持杆下端连接,夹持杆上端与机床主轴连接,机床主轴带动专用磨头旋转对筒体工件的径向孔内孔口边缘进行磨削。本发明针对筒体零件径向孔内孔口圆角加工问题,解决其无法进行机械加工,及手工加工难度大、效率低、质量差、成本高的问题。(The utility model provides a barrel part radial hole downthehole drill way fillet processing method and special fixture, including the supporting rod, connecting rod and special bistrique, special bistrique lower extreme is equipped with bistrique work end, the bistrique work end of special bistrique is arranged in the downthehole drill way inboard of barrel work piece radial, special bistrique upper end stretches out the radial hole and arranges in the radial hole outer orifice outside and with connecting rod lower extreme fixed connection, the cover has the spring on the part that special bistrique upper end stretches out the radial hole, the spring elastic force effect makes the bistrique work end of special bistrique and the radial hole drill way edge reliable contact of barrel work piece, the connecting rod upper end is connected with the supporting rod lower extreme through the cross joint, the supporting rod upper end is connected with the lathe main shaft, the lathe main shaft drives the rotation of special bistrique and grinds radial hole drill way edge in the barrel work piece. The invention aims at the processing problem of the orifice fillet in the radial hole of the cylinder part, and solves the problems that the cylinder part cannot be mechanically processed, and the manual processing has high difficulty, low efficiency, poor quality and high cost.)

1. The processing method of the orifice fillet in the radial hole of the cylinder part is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1): designing a set of special fixture comprising a clamping rod (1), a cross joint (2), a connecting rod (3), a special grinding head (4), a spring (5) and a blocking piece (6), wherein the lower end of the special grinding head (4) is provided with a grinding head working end (4-1);

step 2): the upper end of a special grinding head (4) penetrates out of the inner part of a cylinder workpiece (7) through a radial hole (7-1), the working end (4-1) of the grinding head is attached to the edge of an inner orifice of the radial hole (7-1) of the cylinder workpiece (7), a blocking piece (6) and a spring (5) are sleeved on the part, extending out of the radial hole (7-1), of the upper end of the special grinding head (4), the lower end of a connecting rod (3) is connected with the upper end of the special grinding head (4), one end of the spring (5) abuts against the upper surface of the blocking piece (6) in contact with the outer surface of the cylinder workpiece (7), and the other end of the spring (5) abuts against a spring abutting round block table (3-2) at the lower part of the connecting rod (3); the upper end of the connecting rod (3) is connected with the lower end of the clamping rod (1) through a cross joint (2);

step 3): fixing the cylinder workpiece (7) on a machine tool, and keeping the axial line of a radial hole (7-1) on the cylinder workpiece (7) vertical to a workbench; the shank of the clamping rod (1) is clamped on a chuck of a machine tool spindle, the machine tool spindle is adjusted to keep a proper height with a cylinder workpiece (7) so as to ensure that a certain moving space is formed between the special grinding head (4) and the cylinder workpiece (7) in the axial direction under the action of spring force, and the elastic force of the spring (5) ensures that the grinding head working end (4-1) of the special grinding head (4) is reliably contacted with the edge of an inner orifice of a radial hole (7-1) of the cylinder workpiece (7);

step 4): the machine tool is started, the main shaft of the machine tool drives the special grinding head (4) to rotate through the clamping rod (1), the cross joint (2) and the connecting rod (3), and the grinding head working end (4-1) of the special grinding head (4) grinds the edge of an inner orifice of a radial hole (7-1) of a cylinder workpiece (7), so that the inner orifice R of the workpiece is machined.

2. The special clamp for processing the fillet of the orifice in the radial hole of the cylinder part as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the special fixture comprises a clamping rod (1), a cross joint (2), a connecting rod (3) and a special grinding head (4), wherein the lower end of the special grinding head (4) is provided with a grinding head working end (4-1), the grinding head working end (4-1) of the special grinding head (4) is arranged at the inner side of an inner orifice of a radial hole (7-1) of a cylinder workpiece (7), the upper end of the special grinding head (4) extends out of the radial hole (7-1) and is arranged at the outer side of an outer orifice of the radial hole (7-1) and is fixedly connected with the lower end of the connecting rod (3), a spring (5) is sleeved on a part of the upper end of the special grinding head (4) extending out of the radial hole (7-1), and the grinding head working end (4-1) of the special grinding head (4) is reliably contacted with the inner orifice edge of the radial hole (7-1) of the cylinder workpiece (7) under the elastic action of the spring (5), the grinding machine is characterized in that the upper end of the connecting rod (3) is connected with the lower end of the clamping rod (1) through the cross joint (2), the upper end of the clamping rod (1) is connected with a machine tool main shaft, and the machine tool main shaft drives the special grinding head (4) to rotate through the clamping rod (1), the cross joint (2) and the connecting rod (3) so that the working end (4-1) of the grinding head grinds the edge of an inner orifice of a radial hole (7-1) of a cylinder workpiece (7).

3. The special clamp for processing the fillet of the orifice in the radial hole of the cylinder part as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the grinding head working end (4-1) of the special grinding head (4) is not a whole revolving body, but a part with the thickness of the middle of the revolving body being H, and the working part of the grinding head working end (4-1) contacting with the edge of the inner orifice of the radial hole (7-1) of the cylinder workpiece (7) is an inner arc R structure (4-2) corresponding to the fillet R of the inner orifice of the radial hole (7-1); the diameter d of the special grinding head (4) is in clearance fit with a radial hole (7-1) of the cylinder workpiece (7).

4. The special clamp for processing the fillet of the orifice in the radial hole of the cylinder part as claimed in claim 3, wherein: abrasive particles are sprayed on the surface of the inner circular arc R structure (4-2) of the grinding head working end (4-1) of the special grinding head (4).

5. The special clamp for processing the fillet of the orifice in the radial hole of the cylinder part as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the lower end of the connecting rod (3) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the special grinding head (4) through a threaded structure, an external thread head (3-1) is arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod (3), and an internal thread hole (4-3) is arranged at the upper end of the special grinding head (4).

6. The special clamp for processing the fillet of the orifice in the radial hole of the cylinder part as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the special grinding head (4) is sleeved with a blocking piece (6), one side of the blocking piece (6) is abutted against the surface of the barrel workpiece (7), the other side of the blocking piece (6) is abutted against the lower end face of the spring (5), and the lower end of the connecting rod (3) is provided with a spring abutting round platform (3-2) for abutting against the upper end face of the spring (5).

7. The special clamp for processing the fillet of the orifice in the radial hole of the cylinder part as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the upper end of the connecting rod (3) is provided with a connecting rod groove (3-3) matched with the lower end of the cross joint (2), and the lower end of the clamping rod (1) is provided with a clamping rod groove (1-1) matched with the upper end of the cross joint (2).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a method for machining a bore fillet in a radial hole of a cylinder part and a special clamp.

Background

The hole opening in the radial hole of the cylinder part is positioned in the cylinder, the hole opening is rounded, and as shown in fig. 7, the hole opening in the radial hole on the workpiece (i.e., the cylinder part, hereinafter, referred to as the workpiece) has a round angle r processing requirement. In the existing method, a universal tool clamped by a machine tool cannot enter, and the processing of the inner orifice fillet can only be manually ground by a handheld electric or pneumatic grinding machine (or a handheld polishing machine). Manual sanding has two fatal problems, one is that for cylinder parts with insufficient size, tools are difficult to enter; one is that the processed round angle is irregular, the processing difficulty is large, and the production efficiency is low. Therefore, there is a need for a simple, efficient, and reliable method of machining uniform, regular fillets of inner orifices. There is therefore a need for improvements.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: the invention provides a processing method and a special clamp for orifice fillets in a radial hole of a cylinder part, aiming at the problem that the orifice fillets in the radial hole of the cylinder part are difficult to process, the problems that the cylinder part cannot be machined, the manual processing difficulty is high, the efficiency is low, the quality is poor and the cost is high are solved by arranging a special clamp device and combining a unique processing method, the processing method is simplified, the processing efficiency is improved, the structure is simple, and the manufacture is convenient.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the processing method of the bore hole fillet in the radial hole of the cylinder part comprises the following steps:

step 1): designing a set of special fixture comprising a clamping rod, a cross joint, a connecting rod, a special grinding head, a spring and a blocking piece, wherein the lower end of the special grinding head is provided with a grinding head working end;

step 2): the upper end of the special grinding head penetrates out of the inner part of the cylinder workpiece through the radial hole, the working end of the grinding head is attached to the edge of an orifice in the radial hole of the cylinder workpiece, a blocking piece and a spring are sleeved on a part of the upper end of the special grinding head, which extends out of the radial hole, the lower end of the connecting rod is connected with the upper end of the special grinding head, one end of the spring abuts against the upper surface of the blocking piece which is in contact with the outer surface of the cylinder workpiece, and the other end of the spring abuts against a spring abutting round platform at the lower part of the connecting rod; the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with the lower end of the clamping rod through a cross joint;

step 3): fixing the cylinder workpiece on a machine tool, and keeping the axial line of a radial hole on the cylinder workpiece vertical to a workbench; the shank of the clamping rod is clamped on a chuck of a machine tool spindle, the machine tool spindle is adjusted to keep a proper height with a cylinder workpiece so as to ensure that the special grinding head has a certain moving space in the axial direction under the action of spring force, and the elastic force of the spring ensures that the working end of the grinding head of the special grinding head is reliably contacted with the edge of an orifice in a radial hole of the cylinder workpiece;

step 4): and starting the machine tool, driving the special grinding head to rotate by the main shaft of the machine tool through the clamping rod, the cross joint and the connecting rod, and grinding the edge of the orifice in the radial hole of the cylindrical workpiece by the working end of the special grinding head to realize the processing of the orifice R in the workpiece.

The special fixture for processing the orifice fillet in the radial hole of the cylinder part comprises a clamping rod, a cross joint, a connecting rod and a special grinding head, the lower end of the special grinding head is provided with a grinding head working end which is arranged at the inner side of an orifice in a radial hole of the cylinder workpiece, the upper end of the special grinding head extends out of the radial hole and is arranged outside the outer hole opening of the radial hole and is fixedly connected with the lower end of the connecting rod, the part of the upper end of the special grinding head extending out of the radial hole is sleeved with a spring, the elastic force of the spring ensures that the working end of the grinding head of the special grinding head is reliably contacted with the edge of the hole opening in the radial hole of the cylinder workpiece, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with the lower end of the clamping rod through the cross joint, the upper end of the clamping rod is connected with the machine tool spindle, and the machine tool spindle drives the special grinding head to rotate through the clamping rod, the cross joint and the connecting rod so that the working end of the grinding head grinds the edge of the orifice in the radial hole of the cylinder workpiece.

The technical scheme is further limited, the grinding head working end of the special grinding head is not the whole revolving body, but the middle thickness of the revolving body is the part with the H thickness, and the working part of the grinding head working end, which is contacted with the edge of the orifice in the radial hole of the cylinder workpiece, is of an inner circular arc R structure corresponding to the fillet R of the orifice in the radial hole; the diameter d of the special grinding head is in clearance fit with the radial hole of the cylinder workpiece.

In the further limitation of the technical scheme, the inner circular arc R structure surface of the grinding head working end of the special grinding head is sprayed with abrasive particles.

The grinding head device is characterized in that the technical scheme is further limited, the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the upper end of the special grinding head through a threaded structure, an external thread head is arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod, and an internal thread hole is formed in the upper end of the special grinding head.

The special grinding head is further limited, a blocking piece is sleeved at the upper end of the special grinding head, one side of the blocking piece is abutted against the surface of a barrel workpiece, the other side of the blocking piece is abutted against the lower end face of the spring, and a spring abutting round table for abutting against the upper end face of the spring is arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod.

Further inject above-mentioned technical scheme, the connecting rod upper end is equipped with the connecting rod recess with the adaptation of cross joint lower extreme, the supporting rod lower extreme is equipped with the supporting rod recess with the adaptation of cross joint upper end.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1. aiming at the problem of processing orifice fillets in radial holes of barrel parts, the special clamp composed of a clamping rod, a cross joint, a connecting rod, a special grinding head and the like is designed, and a unique processing method is combined, so that the problems that the orifice fillets in the radial holes of barrel workpieces cannot be machined, the manual processing difficulty is high, the efficiency is low, the quality is poor, the cost is high are solved, the processing method is simplified, the processing efficiency is improved, the structure is simple, and the manufacturing is convenient;

2. the spring is arranged on the special grinding head, the spring can provide axial elastic force for the special grinding head, the inner arc R structure of the working position of the special grinding head is reliably contacted with the inner orifice edge of the workpiece to-be-machined hole under the action of the spring force, and the working position of the grinding head can be kept contacted with the orifice to-be-machined position all the time when the special grinding head rotates, so that the machining purpose is achieved, machining is stable and reliable, and machining quality is guaranteed.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 taken along the line B-B in the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the structure of the special grinding head of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a left side view of the structure of the special grinding head of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a connecting rod according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamping rod of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a cylinder workpiece according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation. The use of the phrase "comprising one of the elements" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Referring to fig. 1-6, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

The processing method of the bore hole fillet in the radial hole of the cylinder part comprises the following steps:

step 1): a set of special fixture comprising a clamping rod 1, a cross joint 2, a connecting rod 3, a special grinding head 4, a spring 5 and a baffle 6 is designed, and a grinding head working end 4-1 is arranged at the lower end of the special grinding head 4;

step 2): the upper end of a special grinding head 4 penetrates out of the interior of a cylinder workpiece 7 through a radial hole 7-1, the working end 4-1 of the grinding head is attached to the edge of an inner orifice of the radial hole 7-1 of the cylinder workpiece 7, a blocking piece 6 and a spring 5 are sleeved on a part, extending out of the radial hole 7-1, of the upper end of the special grinding head 4, the lower end of a connecting rod 3 is connected with the upper end of the special grinding head 4, one end of the spring 5 abuts against the upper surface of the blocking piece 6 in contact with the outer surface of the cylinder workpiece 7, and the other end of the spring 5 abuts against a spring abutting circular truncated cone 3-2 at the lower part of the connecting rod 3; the upper end of the connecting rod 3 is connected with the lower end of the clamping rod 1 through a cross joint 2;

step 3): fixing the cylinder workpiece 7 on a machine tool, and keeping the axial line of a radial hole 7-1 on the cylinder workpiece 7 vertical to a workbench; the shank of the clamping rod 1 is clamped on a chuck of a machine tool spindle, the machine tool spindle is adjusted to keep a proper height with a cylinder workpiece 7 so as to ensure that the special grinding head 4 has a certain moving space in the axial direction under the action of spring force, and the elastic force of the spring 5 ensures that the grinding head working end 4-1 of the special grinding head 4 is reliably contacted with the edge of an inner orifice of a radial hole 7-1 of the cylinder workpiece 7;

step 4): and starting the machine tool, driving the special grinding head 4 to rotate by the main shaft of the machine tool through the clamping rod 1, the cross joint 2 and the connecting rod 3, and grinding the edge of the inner orifice of the radial hole 7-1 of the cylindrical workpiece 7 by the working end 4-1 of the special grinding head 4 to realize the processing of the inner orifice R of the workpiece.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, the special clamp for processing the bore fillet in the radial hole of the cylinder part comprises a clamping rod 1, a cross joint 2, a connecting rod 3 and a special grinding head 4, wherein the lower end of the special grinding head 4 is provided with a grinding head working end 4-1, the grinding head working end 4-1 of the special grinding head 4 is arranged at the inner side of the bore of the radial hole 7-1 of the cylinder workpiece 7, the upper end of the special grinding head 4 extends out of the radial hole 7-1 and is arranged at the outer side of the bore of the radial hole 7-1 and is fixedly connected with the lower end of the connecting rod 3, a spring 5 is sleeved on the part of the upper end of the special grinding head 4 extending out of the radial hole 7-1, the grinding head working end 4-1 of the special grinding head 4 is reliably contacted with the edge of the bore of the radial hole 7-1 of the cylinder workpiece 7 under the elastic action of the spring 5, the upper end of the connecting rod 3 is connected with the lower end of the clamping rod 1 through the cross joint 2, the upper end of the clamping rod 1 is connected with a machine tool spindle, and the machine tool spindle drives the special grinding head 4 to rotate through the clamping rod 1, the cross joint 2 and the connecting rod 3, so that the working end 4-1 of the grinding head grinds the edge of an inner orifice of a radial hole 7-1 of a cylinder workpiece 7.

The grinding head working end 4-1 of the special grinding head 4 is not the whole revolving body, but the middle thickness of the revolving body is H, and the value of H is relatively small. The working part of the grinding head working end 4-1, which is contacted with the edge of the inner orifice of the radial hole 7-1 of the cylinder workpiece 7, is an inner circular arc R structure 4-2 corresponding to the circular bead R of the inner orifice of the radial hole 7-1, as shown in figures 3 and 4. The diameter d of the special grinding head 4 is the same as or slightly smaller than the nominal size of a radial hole 7-1 to be machined on the cylinder workpiece 7, is in clearance fit, and can be used for positioning in the machining process to ensure the consistency of the machined orifice fillet r.

Preferably, the inner circular arc R structure 4-2 surface of the grinding head working end 4-1 of the special grinding head 4 is sprayed with abrasive particles, and no abrasive particles exist at other parts.

The lower end of the connecting rod 3 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the special grinding head 4 through a thread structure, an external thread head 3-1 is arranged at the lower end of the connecting rod 3, and an internal thread hole 4-3 is arranged at the upper end of the special grinding head 4.

The special grinding head 4 is sleeved with a blocking piece 6 at the upper end, the blocking piece 6 is sleeved on a rod of the special grinding head 4 in advance, one side of the blocking piece 6 abuts against the surface of a barrel workpiece 7, the other side of the blocking piece 6 abuts against the lower end face of a spring 5, the lower end of the connecting rod 3 is provided with a spring abutting circular table 3-2 for abutting against the upper end face of the spring 5, and the spring abutting circular table 3-2 ensures that the spring end face abuts against the circular table end face when the spring 5 is installed.

After the connecting rod 3 is connected with the special grinding head 4 by using the spring 5, the inner circular arc R structure 4-2 of the working part of the special grinding head 4 is reliably contacted with the inner orifice edge of the radial hole 7-1 to be processed on the cylinder workpiece 7 by the special grinding head 4 under the action of the spring force, and the working part of the special grinding head 4 can be kept contacted with the orifice part to be processed all the time to achieve the processing purpose when rotating.

The upper end of the connecting rod 3 is provided with a connecting rod groove 3-3 matched with the lower end of the cross joint 2, and the lower end of the clamping rod 1 is provided with a clamping rod groove 1-1 matched with the upper end of the cross joint 2. Compared with a common coupler, the structure of the cross joint 2 has the advantages that the heights of the bosses at one end or two ends are relatively high, the groove depths of the clamping rods 1 and the connecting rods 3 connected with the cross joint are relatively deep, and the connecting rods 3 and the clamping rods 1 can move relatively in the axial direction in the working process. As mentioned before, the connecting rod 3 is fixed with the special grinding head 4, and then the special grinding head 4 can move relative to the clamping rod 1 in the axial direction under the action of the spring force, and the cross joint 2 is adopted, so that the special grinding head 4 can be ensured to rotate smoothly and be processed normally when the spindle of the machine tool and the processed hole are slightly non-coaxial.

When in work: according to the figure 1, the special grinding head 4 penetrates out of the cylinder workpiece 7 through the radial hole 7-1, the baffle 6 is sleeved on the rod of the special grinding head 4 to be contacted and abutted with the cylinder workpiece 7, and the spring 5 is sleeved on the rod of the special grinding head 4. The connecting rod 3 is connected with the special grinding head 4 through threads, the connecting rod 3 is connected with the clamping rod 1 through the cross joint 2 (namely, a cross-shaped coupling structure), the cylinder workpiece 7 is fixed on a milling machine or a drilling machine, and the axis of a radial hole 7-1 on the cylinder workpiece 7 is kept to be vertical to the workbench. A drill chuck (a universal accessory of a machine tool) is arranged on a main shaft of the machine tool (a milling machine or a drilling machine, the same applies below), and a handle part of a clamping rod 1 is arranged on the drill chuck. The main shaft is adjusted to keep a proper height with the cylinder workpiece 7 so as to ensure that the special grinding head 4 has a certain moving space in the axial direction (up-down direction) under the action of spring force. And starting the machine tool, driving the special grinding head 4 to rotate by the main shaft, and grinding the inner orifice of the workpiece by the working part of the special grinding head 4 to realize the processing of the inner orifice R of the workpiece. Aiming at the problem of processing the round angle of the orifice in the radial hole of the cylinder part, the special clamp is arranged, so that the problems that the machine cannot be processed mechanically, the manual processing difficulty is high, the efficiency is low, the quality is poor and the cost is high are solved, the processing method is simplified, the processing efficiency is improved, the structure is simple, and the manufacture is convenient.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.