Preparation method of ion exchange membrane with mono/divalent anion separation cross-linking type amphoteric structure
阅读说明：本技术 一种一/二价阴离子分离交联型两性结构离子交换膜的制备方法 (Preparation method of ion exchange membrane with mono/divalent anion separation cross-linking type amphoteric structure ) 是由 廖俊斌 李俊华 许婧雯 沈江南 于 2021-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种一/二价阴离子分离交联型两性结构离子交换膜的制备方法,选用1-丙磺酸钠-3-甲基咪唑和N-丁基咪唑功能化聚苯醚,然后将UiO-66有机金属框架颗粒加入到两性结构聚苯醚制备交联型两性结构离子交换膜。具有一价离子传递通道的金属有机框架UiO-66结构纳米颗粒的加入,其结构上的–NH-(2)与两性结构聚苯醚残留的–CH-(2)Br反应形成共价交联的三维网状结构,降低了离子交换膜的溶胀率,进一步提高了一/二价阴离筛分性能。本发明提供的低面电阻、高Cl～(–)离子选择性、高Cl～(–)离子通量和结构稳定性的阴离子交换膜,在电渗析应用领域具有良好的应用前景。(The invention discloses a preparation method of a mono/divalent anion separation cross-linking type amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane, which comprises the steps of selecting 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole and N-butylimidazole functionalized polyphenylene ether, and then adding UO-66 organic metal framework particles into amphoteric structure polyphenylene ether to prepare the cross-linking type amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane. Addition of metal organic framework UiO-66 structured nanoparticles with monovalent ion transfer channels, structural-NH thereof 2 residual-CH with amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether 2 Br reacts to form a covalent cross-linked three-dimensional network structure, so that the swelling ratio of the ion exchange membrane is reduced, and the mono/divalent anion sieving performance is further improved. The invention provides low surface resistance and high Cl – Ion selectivity, high Cl – The anion exchange membrane with stable ion flux and structure has good application prospect in the field of electrodialysis application.)
1. A preparation method of a mono/divalent anion separation cross-linking type amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of sodium 1-propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole
Weighing a certain amount of 2-methylimidazole (2-IM) and adding the mixture into anhydrous acetonitrile, N2Stirring and dissolving in the atmosphere, adding a certain amount of 60% sodium hydride as a catalyst, reacting for 0.5-2 hours under the stirring condition, then adding a certain amount of 1, 3-propane sultone (1,3-PPS) according to the molar ratio, stirring for 12-36 hours at 15-35 ℃, and filtering to obtain a white solid. Washing with dry acetonitrile for multiple times, and vacuum drying at 25-55 ℃ for 12-36 hours to obtain 1-sodium propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole (IM-SO)3Na)。
(2) Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized polyphenylene ether
Weighing a certain amount of brominated polyphenylene oxide (BrPPO) shown as a formula (II), dissolving the brominated polyphenylene oxide (BrPPO) in a solvent, adding a certain amount of N-butylimidazole (IM) shown as a formula (III), reacting at 15-50 ℃ for 2-12 hours, cooling to room temperature, separating out in an organic solvent, purifying, and drying to obtain N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM), wherein the chemical structure of the brominated polyphenylene oxide (BrPPO-IM) is shown as (IV);
wherein X is 0-0.55.
(IV)
(3) Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether
Dissolving N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM) shown in formula (IV) in a solvent, adding a certain amount of 1-sodium propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole shown in formula (I), reacting at 25-60 ℃ for 8-24 hours, cooling to room temperature, precipitating in an organic solvent, and purifying to obtain the N-butylimidazole and 1-sodium propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole functionalized amphoteric polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM-SO)3Na) with a chemical structure shown as a formula (V); the molar ratio of the 1-sodium propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole (I) to the N-butylimidazole (III) is 0.55-0: 0-0.20;
(4) preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles
Weighing a certain amount of zirconium chloride (ZrCl)4) Dissolved in a certain amount of twoPreparing a metal ion solution in methyl formamide (DMF); weighing a certain amount of 2-amino terephthalic acid/terephthalic acid (molar ratio: 1: 0.5-1.5) or 2-amino terephthalic acid/2, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (molar ratio: 1: 0.5-1.5) or 2-amino terephthalic acid/pyrazine-2, 5-dicarboxylic acid (molar ratio: 1: 0.5-1.5) in DMF according to the proportion, stirring, and adding a certain volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid (36.5%) to obtain a ligand solution. And respectively carrying out further ultrasonic treatment on the metal ion solution and the ligand solution for 10-30 min to ensure complete dispersion and dissolution. Then pouring the metal ion solution into the ligand solution for mixing, then adding into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and reacting for 24-36 hours at 55-95 ℃; cooling to room temperature, centrifugally separating the obtained mixed solution, alternately washing with deionized water and DMF for 3 times, and then performing vacuum drying at 50-70 ℃ for 12-36 hours to obtain a light yellow organic metal frame structure solid particle product UiO-66-NH2(Tpa) or UiO-66-NH2(Pyd) or UiO-66-NH2(Pyz)；
(5) Preparation of polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane with amphoteric structure
Weighing a certain amount of the amphiphilic structure polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM-SO) obtained in the step (3)3Na) is dissolved in a certain amount of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), and then a certain amount of UiO-66-NH obtained in the step (4) is added2(Tpa) or UiO-66-NH2(Pyd) or UiO-66-NH2(Pyz) in a mass ratio of 100: 1-15, and preparing a casting solution having a mass volume concentration of 3-10 wt%. And pouring the obtained casting solution on a glass plate, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60-120 ℃ for 12-36 hours to realize in-situ crosslinking reaction. Cooling, and removing the membrane from the glass plate in water to obtain UiO-66 cross-linked amphoteric ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO)3Na) having a film thickness of 70 to 150 μm.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), during the preparation of the N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether, after the brominated polyphenylene ether is dissolved in a solvent, a certain amount of N-butylimidazole (IM) is added, and the reaction is carried out for 8 hours at 25 ℃.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), in the preparation process of the N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether, the most preferable reaction temperature of the N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether and 1-sodium propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole is 50 ℃ and the reaction time is 12 hours.
4. The production method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: in the step (3), the molar ratio of the brominated 1-propanesulfonic acid sodium-3-methylimidazole to the N-butylimidazole (III) is preferably X: Y ═ 0.250: 0.075.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the molar ratio of the 2-aminoterephthalic acid to the terephthalic acid is preferably 1:1, the molar ratio of 2-aminoterephthalic acid to 2, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is preferably 1:1, and the molar ratio of 2-aminoterephthalic acid to pyrazine-2, 5-dicarboxylic acid is preferably 1: 1.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), in the preparation process of the UiO-66 organic metal framework particles, the further ultrasonic treatment time of the metal ion solution and the ligand solution is 10-30 min, so as to ensure complete dispersion and dissolution.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), in the hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is more preferably 80 ℃ and the reaction time is more preferably 30 hours.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), in the hydrothermal reaction kettle, the reaction temperature is more preferably 60 ℃ and vacuum drying is carried out for 24 hours.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), the amphoteric polyphenylene ether and UiO-66-NH are reacted2(Tpa) or UiO-66-NH2(Pyd) or UiO-66-NH2(Pyz) quality ofThe amount ratio is more preferably 100:2 to 10, and most preferably 100: 7.5.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), the casting solution is more preferably dried at a vacuum drying temperature of 80 ℃ for 24 hours.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of composite materials, in particular to a preparation method of a mono/divalent anion separation cross-linking type ion exchange membrane with an amphoteric structure.
Background
In recent years, resource shortage and environmental pollution and human health have become serious challenges facing the world. On the one hand, with the shrinkage of fossil mineral reserves and the shortage of water resources, the search for extracting abundant ions or fresh water resources from salt lake brine and seawater, such as calcination, salting out, solvent extraction, precipitation and adsorption and extraction of useful ions, has been promoted. However, this brings unavoidable environmental pollution problems, which limits the application of these methods in the context of sustainable development (Water Research 89(2016)210e 221; J.Membr.Sci.555(2018) 429-454; desalinization 356(2015) 129-139). On the other hand, drinking water contains many harmful ions, such as bromide ions, which must be removed from the water. Membrane separation techniques, particularly ion exchange membranes, have an economical, environmentally friendly and highly selective ion separation process that can achieve selective separation of corresponding ions from concentrated aqueous solutions containing chemically similar ions (j.membr. sci.632(2021) 119355; sep. purif. techn.240(2020) 116600).
At present, the separation of ions with the same electric property but different valence states in a mixed salt system is an important practical application of the electrodialysis technology. The selection of the selective ionic membrane is crucial for the particular mixed salt system to be separated (J.Membr.Sci.167(2000) 1-31; J.Membr.Sci.581(2019) 150-157). However, at present, most of domestic commercial ionic membrane products are used in the separation field such as primary water treatment and the like with relatively low requirements on ionic purity. Current commercial ionic membranes also exhibit their own deficiencies, typically manifested as structural instability for long-term operation or low permselectivity, among others. Therefore, the development of the replaceable mono/divalent selective ionic membrane with high osmotic selectivity and stable structure can meet the actual requirements of domestic industry, and has important practical significance.
For monovalent selective anion membranes, researchers at home and abroad have conducted related studies (Chinese J.chem.Eng.25(2017) 111606-1615; J.Membr.Sci.522(2017) 267-291) by using various strategies according to the separation mechanism of pore size sieving effect (difference in hydrated ion radius), electrostatic repulsion effect (difference in ion charge capacity) or ion hydration energy difference (difference in ion Gibbs hydration energy). One is the introduction of a surface layer by electrostatic deposition. The increase of the surface compactness, the introduction of the opposite charge layer or the increase of the film thickness can improve the unit price selection performance of the ion exchange membrane, but increases the sheet resistance of the membrane to a certain extent (J.Membr.Sci.543(2017) 310- & 318; J.Membr.Sci.578(2019) 209- & 219). In practical application, acid/alkali generated by side reactions such as decomposition of water and NaCl and the like can strongly erode the assembled anion exchange membrane, so that the functional modified layer combined by van der Waals force falls off, and further ion selectivity failure is caused. The other is to prepare a homogeneous phase selective ion exchange membrane by chemical grafting. Compared with heterogeneous membranes, homogeneous selective ionic membranes prepared by a chemical bond grafting method have more excellent structural stability (ACS Sustainable chem. Eng.7(2019) 4429-4442).
The amphoteric ion exchange membrane is an ion exchange membrane with both anion exchange groups and cation exchange groups. Through the regulation and control of the quantity of anion and cation exchange groups and the charge quantity ratio, the chemical microenvironment and the physical microenvironment of the ion channel of the ion membrane are cooperatively regulated and controlled, an ion transmission channel is constructed, and the separation of single/multivalent ions can be realized by utilizing the separation principle of pore size sieving effect, electrostatic repulsion effect or ion hydration energy difference (adv. Mater.27(2015) 5280-5295; J.Membr. Sci.555(2018) 429-454). Compared with the traditional surface modified ion exchange membrane, the ion exchange membrane prepared by uniform amphoteric structure polymer and ion crosslinking between anion/cation exchange groups has a homogeneous microstructure, and good structural, mechanical and dimensional stability is beneficial to long-period electrodialysis application. The aggregation of the positively charged groups forms ion clusters with proper size, and an ion transfer channel with proper size is constructed; the introduction of the negatively charged groups changes the microenvironment of the transfer channels, and the interaction difference between the negatively charged groups and monovalent/divalent anions with different charged quantities can selectively permeate the monovalent anions to inhibit the penetration of the divalent anions, thereby improving the sieving performance of the monovalent/divalent anions.
UiO-66 is made of Zr6O4(OH)4The metal framework material constructed by using the metal clusters and the 1, 4-terephthalic acid (BDC) as the connecting agent has strong Zr-O bonds, thereby showing better chemical and thermal stability and certain acid resistance and heat resistance. By pore size) It can be seen that UiO-66 can be used for the selective separation of anions or cations (Ind. Eng. chem. Res.59(2020) 12907-12923; ChemSusChem 12(2019) 2593-2597). In view of this, on the premise of ensuring the sieving performance of the mono/divalent anions, the UiO-66 particles are added into the matrix of the amphoteric ion exchange membrane, which is beneficial to increasing the ion flux of the ion exchange membrane.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a mono/divalent anion separation crosslinking type amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane with good structural stability and high performance.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a mono/divalent anion separation cross-linking type amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of sodium 1-propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole
Weighing a certain amount of 2-methylimidazole (2-IM) and adding the mixture into anhydrous acetonitrile, N2Stirring and dissolving in the atmosphere, adding a certain amount of 60% sodium hydride as a catalyst, reacting for 0.5-2 hours under the stirring condition, then adding a certain amount of 1, 3-propane sultone (1,3-PPS) according to the molar ratio, stirring for 12-36 hours at 15-35 ℃, and filtering to obtain a white solid. Washing with dry acetonitrile for multiple times, and vacuum drying at 25-55 ℃ for 12-36 hours to obtain 1-sodium propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole (IM-SO)3Na)。
(2) Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized polyphenylene ether
Weighing a certain amount of brominated polyphenylene oxide (BrPPO) shown as a formula (II), dissolving the brominated polyphenylene oxide (BrPPO) in a solvent, adding a certain amount of N-butylimidazole (IM) shown as a formula (III), reacting at 15-50 ℃ for 2-12 hours, cooling to room temperature, separating out in an organic solvent, purifying, and drying to obtain the N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM), wherein the chemical structure of the brominated polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM) is shown as (IV).
Wherein X is 0-0.55.
(3) Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether
Dissolving N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM) shown in formula (IV) in a solvent, adding a certain amount of 1-sodium propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole shown in formula (I), reacting at 25-60 ℃ for 8-24 hours, cooling to room temperature, precipitating in an organic solvent, and purifying to obtain the N-butylimidazole and 1-sodium propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole functionalized amphoteric polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM-SO)3Na) with a chemical structure shown as a formula (V); the molar ratio of the 1-sodium propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole (I) to the N-butylimidazole (III) is 0.55-0: 0-0.20.
(4) Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles
Weighing a certain amount of zirconium chloride (ZrCl)4) Dissolving in certain amount of dimethyl formamide (DMF) to prepare metal ion solution; weighing a certain amount of 2-amino terephthalic acid/terephthalic acid (molar ratio: 1: 0.5-1.5) or 2-amino terephthalic acid/2, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (molar ratio: 1: 0.5-1.5) or 2-amino terephthalic acid/pyrazine-2, 5-dicarboxylic acid (molar ratio: 1: 0.5-1.5) in DMF according to the proportion, stirring, and adding a certain volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid (36.5%) to obtain a ligand solution. Respectively to be provided withAnd further carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the metal ion solution and the ligand solution for 10-30 min to ensure complete dispersion and dissolution. And then pouring the metal ion solution into the ligand solution for mixing, adding into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and reacting for 24-36 hours at 55-95 ℃. Cooling to room temperature, centrifugally separating the obtained mixed solution, alternately washing with deionized water and DMF for 3 times, and then performing vacuum drying at 50-70 ℃ for 12-36 hours to obtain a light yellow organic metal frame structure solid particle product UiO-66-NH2(Tpa) (formula VI) or UiO-66-NH2(Pyd) (formula VII) or UiO-66-NH2(Pyz) (formula VIII).
(5) Preparation of polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane with amphoteric structure
Weighing a certain amount of the amphiphilic structure polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM-SO) obtained in the step (3)3Na) is dissolved in a certain amount of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), and then a certain amount of UiO-66-NH obtained in the step (4) is added2(Tpa) or UiO-66-NH2(Pyd) or UiO-66-NH2(Pyz) in a mass ratio of 100: 1-15, and preparing a casting solution having a mass volume concentration of 3-10 wt%. And pouring the obtained casting solution on a glass plate, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at the temperature of 60-120 ℃ for 12-36 hours to realize in-situ crosslinking reaction. Cooling, and removing the membrane from the glass plate in water to obtain UiO-66 cross-linked amphoteric ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO)3Na) having a film thickness of 70 to 150 μm.
The main chain of the prepared amphoteric ion exchange membrane is brominated polyphenylene oxide, and due to the uncertainty of graft substitution bromination sites, a plurality of possible polymer structures exist, wherein one possible chemical structure is as follows:
wherein X is 0-0.55; y < 0.55-X.
Preferably, in step (2), the brominated polyphenylene ether is prepared by dissolving the brominated polyphenylene ether in a solvent and then adding a certain amount of N-butylimidazole (IM), most preferably at 25 ℃ for 8 hours.
Preferably, in the step (3), in the preparation process of the N-butylimidazole-functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether, the most preferable reaction temperature of the N-butylimidazole-functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether with sodium 1-propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole is 50 ℃ and the reaction time is 12 hours.
Preferably, in the step (3), the molar ratio of the brominated 1-propanesulfonic acid sodium-3-methylimidazole to the N-butylimidazole (III) is X: Y ═ 0.250: 0.075.
Preferably, in the step (4), the molar ratio of the 2-aminoterephthalic acid to the terephthalic acid is preferably 1:1, the molar ratio of 2-aminoterephthalic acid to 2, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid is preferably 1:1, and the molar ratio of 2-aminoterephthalic acid to pyrazine-2, 5-dicarboxylic acid is preferably 1: 1.
Preferably, in the step (4), during the preparation of the UiO-66 organic metal framework particles, the metal ion solution and the ligand solution are further subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 10-30 min to ensure complete dispersion and dissolution.
Preferably, in the step (4), the reaction temperature in the hydrothermal reaction kettle is more preferably 80 ℃ and the reaction time is more preferably 30 hours.
Preferably, in the step (4), the hydrothermal reaction kettle is subjected to vacuum drying at a reaction temperature of 60 ℃ for 24 hours.
Preferably, in step (5), the amphoteric polyphenylene ether is reacted with UiO-66-NH2(Tpa) or UiO-66-NH2(Pyd) or UiO-66-NH2(Pyz) is more preferably 1002 to 10, preferably 100: 7.5.
Preferably, in the step (5), the casting solution is more preferably dried at a vacuum drying temperature of 80 ℃ for 24 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane with the mono/divalent anion separation amphoteric structure disclosed by the invention contains an imidazole anion exchange group and a sulfonic acid cation exchange group. Compared with the traditional surface modified ion exchange membrane, the homogeneous amphoteric structure of polyphenyl ether, the ionic crosslinking and covalent crosslinking among anion/cation exchange groups enable the ion exchange membrane to present a homogeneous microstructure, and good structural, mechanical and dimensional stability is beneficial to long-period electrodialysis application.
(2) In the polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane with the mono/divalent anion separation amphoteric structure, positive charge imidazole groups with hydrophobic alkyl chains at the end positions are aggregated to form ion clusters with proper sizes, so that an ion transfer channel is constructed; the introduction of the negatively charged sulfonate group changes the microenvironment of the transfer channel, and the interaction difference between the negatively charged sulfonate group and the monovalent/divalent anions with different electric charge can selectively penetrate through the monovalent anions to inhibit the penetration of the divalent anions.
(3) In the mono/dianion separation amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane, metal organic framework UiO-66 structured nanoparticles with monovalent ion transfer channels are added, and-NH on the structure of the nanoparticles2residual-CH with amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether2Br reacts to form a covalent cross-linked three-dimensional network structure, so that the swelling ratio of the ion exchange membrane is reduced, and the mono/divalent anion sieving performance is further improved. Meanwhile, the connectivity of the ion channel is further improved by the synergistic effect of the nanoparticles and the ion clusters, so that the flux of monovalent ions is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the preparation of sodium 1-propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole according to example 1 of the present invention1H NMR chart;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of organometallic framework nanoparticles obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an external view of an amphoteric structure polyphenylene ether ion exchange membrane without a crosslinked structure obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an external view of a polyphenylene ether ion exchange membrane having an amphoteric structure and a crosslinked structure obtained in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is FTIR chart of homogeneous brominated polyphenylene ether type zwitterionic exchange membrane prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of an apparatus for measuring sheet resistance according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a test monoanionic/dianionic separation electrodialysis unit made in example 1 of this invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the permselectivity of 5 cycles of the base treatment of example 1, example 3, example 7, example 11 and commercial anion exchange membrane NEOSEPTA ACS in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical aspects of the present invention, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific examples, but it should be understood that the descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the claims of the present invention.
Example 1:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: 4.3 g of 2-methylimidazole (0.05mol) was weighed into a 250mL three-necked round-bottomed flask, and then 150mL of dried acetonitrile was added and dissolved with stirring at 25 ℃ under a nitrogen atmosphere. Then, 4.0 g of the mixture was added, followed by adding kerosene-protected solution containing 60% sodium hydride and stirring rapidly for 1 hour. Then, 4.8mL (0.05mol) of 1, 3-propanesultone was removed with a 5mL measuring cylinder, and the resulting solution was put into the above 250mL round-bottomed flask, stirred rapidly and held for 24 hours. The resulting mixture was filtered through a funnel to give a precipitate, which was then washed with 500mL of dry acetonitrile in portions. Finally dried in vacuum at 40 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain 9.8 g of sodium 1-propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole (IM-SO)3Na)。
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized polyphenylene ether: 6.4 g of brominated polyphenylene oxide (BrPPO) is weighed out in a 200mL round-bottom flask, dissolved in 40mL of N-methylpyrrolidone, 3.2750 g (6.60mmol) of N-butylimidazole (IM) is added, the mixture is reacted at 25 ℃ for 8 hours, cooled to room temperature and precipitated in ethyl acetate, and then purified by washing with ethyl ether and ethyl acetate alternately, and 9.5 g of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM) is obtained after vacuum drying at 40 ℃.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: 8.0 g of N-butylimidazole-functionalized brominated polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM) were dissolved in 50mL of N-methylpyrrolidone, and 0.6012 g (2.66mmol) of sodium 1-propanesulfonate-3-methylimidazole (IM-SO) were added3Na), reacting at 50 ℃ for 12 hours, cooling to room temperature, precipitating in ethyl acetate, and purifying by alternately washing with ethyl ether and ethyl acetate to obtain 8.5 g of amphoteric structure polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM-SO)3Na)。
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: 3.0 g of polyphenylene ether with an amphoteric structure is weighed and dissolved in 60mL of N-methyl pyrrolidone to prepare casting solution with the mass volume concentration of 5 wt%. The casting solution was cast on a glass plate and dried in a vacuum oven at 80 ℃ for 24 hours. Cooling, and removing the membrane from the glass plate in water to obtain the amphoteric structure polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (PPO-IM-SO) without cross-linked structure3Na)。
The prepared amphoteric structure polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (PPO-IM-SO) without a cross-linking structure is tested by adopting a national standard method experiment3Na), thickness, ion exchange capacity, tensile strength, swelling ratio, etc., and specific test methods thereof are reported in the literature: journal of Membrane Science 581(2019) 150-; journal of Membrane Science 574(2019) 181-195; journal of Membrane Science 577(2019) 153-); the surface resistance (the schematic diagram of the testing device is shown in figure 6), the migration number, the permeability selectivity, the ion flux and the like of the ion exchange membrane are tested by adopting a self-made device (the schematic diagram of the testing device is shown in figure 6), and the specific testing method is shown in the literature report: journal of Membrane Science 574(2019) 181-195; journal of Membrane Science 577(2019) 153-; journal of Membrane Science 582(2019) 236-. The results are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1In the NaOH solution for 12 hours,the results comparing the permselectivity before and after soaking with the stability of the ion-exchange membranes in an amphoteric structure are shown in FIG. 8.
Example 2:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles: 1.3982 g (6.0mmol) of zirconium chloride (ZrCl) were weighed out4) Dissolving in 100mL of Dimethylformamide (DMF) to prepare a metal ion solution; 1.0869 g of 2-aminoterephthalic acid and 0.9968 g of terephthalic acid (molar ratio: 1:1) are weighed out in DMF in proportion, and after stirring, 10mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid (36.5%) is added to obtain a ligand solution. Respectively reacting ZrCl4The solution and ligand solution were further sonicated for 20min to ensure complete dispersion dissolution. Then pouring the metal ion solution into the ligand solution for mixing, then adding into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, and reacting for 30 hours at 80 ℃. After cooling to room temperature, the resulting mixture was centrifuged, washed 3 times with deionized water and DMF, and then dried under vacuum at 60 ℃ for 24 hours to give 2.1 g of UiO-66-NH as a pale yellow solid particulate product2(Tpa)。
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: 3.0 g of amphoteric polyphenylene oxide (PPO-IM-SO) was weighed3Na) was dissolved in 60mL of NMP, and then 0.0750 g of UiO-66-NH was added2(Tpa), stirring for 30min, and preparing a casting solution. The obtained casting solution is poured on a glass plate and dried in a vacuum drying oven for 24 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ to realize in-situ crosslinking reaction. Cooling, and removing the membrane from the glass plate in water to obtain the cross-linked amphoteric polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO)3Na) was added to the reaction solution, and the film thickness was 110. mu.m.
The experiment shows that the prepared cross-linked type polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO) with the amphoteric structure is obtained by adopting a national standard method3Na) and the separation performance are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1Compared with the permselectivity before and after soaking, the stability of the ion exchange membrane with an amphoteric structure is shown in FIG. 8.
Example 3:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles: the same procedure as in example 2 was used.
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: the same preparation as in example 2 was carried out, except that 0.1500 g of UiO-66-NH were added2(Tpa) to obtain the crosslinked amphoteric structure polyphenylene ether ion exchange membrane.
The prepared crosslinked polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO) with an amphoteric structure is tested by adopting a national standard method3Na) thickness, ion exchange capacity, tensile strength, swelling ratio; the surface resistance, transference number, permeability selectivity and ion flux of the ion exchange membrane are tested by adopting a self-made device. The results are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1Compared with the permselectivity before and after soaking, the stability of the ion exchange membrane with an amphoteric structure is shown in FIG. 8.
Example 4:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles: the same procedure as in example 2 was used.
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: the same procedure as in example 2 was followed, except that 0.2250 g of UiO-66-NH were added2(Tpa) to obtain the crosslinked amphoteric structure polyphenylene ether ion exchange membrane.
The prepared crosslinked polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO) with an amphoteric structure is tested by adopting a national standard method3Na) thickness, ion exchange capacity, tensile strength, swelling ratio; the surface resistance, transference number, permeability selectivity and ion flux of the ion exchange membrane are tested by adopting a self-made device. The results are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1Compared with the permselectivity before and after soaking, the stability of the ion exchange membrane with an amphoteric structure is shown in FIG. 8.
Example 5:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles: the same procedure as in example 2 was used.
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: the same procedure as in example 2 was followed, except that 0.3000 g of UiO-66-NH was added2(Tpa) to obtain the crosslinked amphoteric structure polyphenylene ether ion exchange membrane.
The prepared crosslinked polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO) with an amphoteric structure is tested by adopting a national standard method3Na) thickness, ion exchange capacity, tensile strength, swelling ratio; the surface resistance, the transference number, the permeability selectivity and the ion flux of the ion exchange membrane are tested by adopting a self-made device; the results are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1NaOH solution for 12 hours, comparative before soakingThe stability of the ion-exchange membrane in amphoteric structure with post permselectivity is shown in FIG. 8.
Example 6:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles: the same procedure as in example 2 was followed, except that 1.0869 g of 2-aminoterephthalic acid and 1.0027 g of 2, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (molar ratio: 1:1) were weighed out separately.
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: the same procedure as in example 2 was followed, except that 0.0750 g of UiO-66-NH was added2(Pyd) to obtain a crosslinked amphoteric polyphenylene ether ion-exchange membrane.
The prepared crosslinked polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO) with an amphoteric structure is tested by adopting a national standard method3Na) thickness, ion exchange capacity, tensile strength, swelling ratio; the surface resistance, transference number, permeability selectivity and ion flux of the ion exchange membrane are tested by adopting a self-made device. The results are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1Compared with the permselectivity before and after soaking, the stability of the ion exchange membrane with an amphoteric structure is shown in FIG. 8.
Example 7:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles: the same procedure as in example 6 was followed.
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: the same preparation as in example 2 was carried out, except that 0.1500 g of UiO-66-NH were added2(Pyd) to obtain a crosslinked amphoteric polyphenylene ether ion-exchange membrane.
The prepared crosslinked polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO) with an amphoteric structure is tested by adopting a national standard method3Na) thickness, ion exchange capacity, tensile strength, swelling ratio; the surface resistance, transference number, permeability selectivity and ion flux of the ion exchange membrane are tested by adopting a self-made device. The results are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1Compared with the permselectivity before and after soaking, the stability of the ion exchange membrane with an amphoteric structure is shown in FIG. 8.
Example 8:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles: the same procedure as in example 6 was followed.
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: the same procedure as in example 2 was followed, except that 0.2250 g of UiO-66-NH were added2(Pyd) to obtain a crosslinked amphoteric polyphenylene ether ion-exchange membrane.
The prepared crosslinked polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO) with an amphoteric structure is tested by adopting a national standard method3Na) thickness, ion exchange capacity, tensile strength, swelling ratio; the surface resistance, transference number, permeability selectivity and ion flux of the ion exchange membrane are tested by adopting a self-made device. The results are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1In NaOH solution for 12 hours, comparing the solution before soaking,Post permselectivity the stability of the ion-exchange membrane in its amphoteric structure is shown in FIG. 8.
Example 9:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles: the same procedure as in example 6 was followed.
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: the same procedure as in example 2 was followed, except that 0.3000 g of UiO-66-NH was added2(Pyd) to obtain a crosslinked amphoteric polyphenylene ether ion-exchange membrane.
The prepared crosslinked polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO) with an amphoteric structure is tested by adopting a national standard method3Na) thickness, ion exchange capacity, tensile strength, swelling ratio; the surface resistance, transference number, permeability selectivity and ion flux of the ion exchange membrane are tested by adopting a self-made device. The results are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1Compared with the permselectivity before and after soaking, the stability of the ion exchange membrane with an amphoteric structure is shown in FIG. 8.
Example 10:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles: the same procedure as in example 2 was followed, except that 1.0869 g of 2-aminoterephthalic acid and 1.0087 g of pyrazine-2, 5-dicarboxylic acid were weighed out separately (molar ratio: 1: 1).
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: the same procedure as in example 2 was followed, except that 0.0750 g of UiO-66-NH was added2(Pyz), obtaining the cross-linked amphoteric structure polyphenylene ether ion exchange membrane.
The prepared crosslinked polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO) with an amphoteric structure is tested by adopting a national standard method3Na) thickness, ion exchange capacity, tensile strength, swelling ratio; the surface resistance, transference number, permeability selectivity and ion flux of the ion exchange membrane are tested by adopting a self-made device. The results are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1Compared with the permselectivity before and after soaking, the stability of the ion exchange membrane with an amphoteric structure is shown in FIG. 8.
Example 11:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles: the same procedure as in example 10 was followed.
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: the same preparation as in example 2 was carried out, except that 0.1500 g of UiO-66-NH were added2(Pyz), obtaining the cross-linked amphoteric structure polyphenylene ether ion exchange membrane.
The prepared crosslinked polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO) with an amphoteric structure is tested by adopting a national standard method3Na) thickness, ion exchange capacity, tensile strength, swelling ratio; the surface resistance, transference number, permeability selectivity and ion flux of the ion exchange membrane are tested by adopting a self-made device. The results are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1NaOH solution for 12 hours, comparative before soakingThe stability of the ion-exchange membrane in amphoteric structure with post permselectivity is shown in FIG. 8.
Example 12:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles: the same procedure as in example 10 was followed.
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: the same procedure as in example 2 was followed, except that 0.2250 g of UiO-66-NH were added2(Pyz), obtaining the cross-linked amphoteric structure polyphenylene ether ion exchange membrane.
The prepared crosslinked polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO) with an amphoteric structure is tested by adopting a national standard method3Na) thickness, ion exchange capacity, tensile strength, swelling ratio; the surface resistance, transference number, permeability selectivity and ion flux of the ion exchange membrane are tested by adopting a self-made device. The results are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1Compared with the permselectivity before and after soaking, the stability of the ion exchange membrane with an amphoteric structure is shown in FIG. 8.
Example 13:
preparation of 1-sodium propane sulfonate-3-methylimidazole: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of N-butylimidazole functionalized brominated polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of amphoteric structural polyphenylene ether: the same procedure as in example 1 was followed.
Preparation of UiO-66 organometallic framework particles: the same procedure as in example 10 was followed.
Preparing an amphoteric structure polyphenyl ether ion exchange membrane: using the same embodiment2 identical preparation, except that 0.3000 g of UiO-66-NH are added2(Pyz), obtaining the cross-linked amphoteric structure polyphenylene ether ion exchange membrane.
The prepared crosslinked polyphenylene oxide ion exchange membrane (c-PPO-IM-SO) with an amphoteric structure is tested by adopting a national standard method3Na) thickness, ion exchange capacity, tensile strength, swelling ratio; the surface resistance, transference number, permeability selectivity and ion flux of the ion exchange membrane are tested by adopting a self-made device. The results are shown in Table 1. Evaluation of stability: soaking the prepared amphoteric structure ion exchange membrane in 0.1mol L–1Compared with the permselectivity before and after soaking, the stability of the ion exchange membrane with an amphoteric structure is shown in FIG. 8.
Table 1.
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